Kuningan Regency
| Kuningan Regency | |
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| Motto: Aman Sehat Rindang Indah | |
 Kuningan Regency
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| Coordinates: 6°45′S 108°23′E / 6.75°S 108.383°E | |
| Country | Indonesia |
| Province | West Java |
| Government | |
| • Regent | H. Aang Hamid Suganda, S.Sos. |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,178.58 km2 (455.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 680 m (2,520 ft) |
| Population (2007) | |
| • Total | 1,140,777 |
| Time zone | WIB (UTC+7) |
| Area code(s) | 0232 |
| Website | http://www.kuningankab.go.id |
Kuningan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of West Java, Indonesia. Kuningan is its capital. Kuningan is located in the east of the province.
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[edit] History
[edit] Pre Historic
The oldest human inhabitant archaeological findings in the region in 1972 such as sherds, stone tools, grave stone and ceramic were unearthed in Cipari site with evidences of bronze and iron metallurgical culture, that assume it belonged to the Old Megalithicum age, from around 3500 BC to 1500 BC.
[edit] Hindu Period
The Sunda kingdom then came into the ruling power of the region, the reference to which were found in the story of Parahyangan (babad Parahyangan).
[edit] Islam Period
An Ulama known today as Syarif Hidaytullah settled in Cirebon, with the intention of spreading the world of Islam in this still pagan town. In the meantime, his pregnant wife Queen Ontin Nio from China came to this city and born children know today as Prince of Kuningan. Prince of Kuningan ascend the throne on September 1, 1498 that was officially declared as Kuningan government established.
[edit] Independence Period
Kuningan took part in Indonesian history when the Linggadjati Agreement was made between the Indonesian and Dutch governments on November 15, 1946.
[edit] Geography
Kuningan bordered on the north by Cirebon, on the west by Majalengka, on the south by Ciamis and on the east by Brebes, Central Java. The regency capital Kuningan city is located in a mountainous area. The regency's landscape is one of volcanic mountains, steep terrain, forest, mountains rivers and fertile agricultural land. The highest mountain in the province, Ciremai (3,076 m) is located in this regency. There are numerous tropical rainforests in Kuningan, with such tree species as Pinus (pinus Merkusii), Jati Artocarpus elasticus (Moraceae), Dysoxylum caulostachyum (Meliaceae), langsat Lansium domesticum (Meliaceae), and Planchonia valida (Lecythidaceae), being represented.
[edit] Demographics and Language
According to the 2007 Socio-Economic Survey, Kuningan's population is 1,102,354 consists of 549,118 man and 553,236 women with sex ratio 99.3%. It has an area of 1,178.58 km²; with an average of 469 people per km².
In addition to Indonesian, the official national language, the other widely-spoken language in the regency is Sundanese. In some areas near the estern borders with Central Java, Javanese is also spoken.
Results Development of Farmers and Entrepreneurs Nilam Kuningan regency.
Small Industries patchouli oil in Kuningan regency scattered in 32 Districts. But the cost and quality of patchouli oil produced still needs to be improved control qualities. Although patchouli business people continue to walk, but the selling price of patchouli currently not stable and tends to decrease. This is caused by several things, including market access to end users and exporters of closed national brokers, processing and refining of raw materials has not met the standard. Distillation is done the people of the oil recovery and the quality is still low (not yet meet the standards of ISO). This is because, in general farmers do not pay attention patchouli in operating conditions such as treatment of raw materials, the proportion of stems with leaves, distillation method, type of material used solar stills and the addition of boiler feed water, cooling and inadequate circulation.
Parameters that affect the refinery, among others, the quality leaves (bed); heavy bed, density and height of the bed; ratio of steam and bed mass, temperature and pressure, vapor velocity, heating rate, the rate of supply of energy, materials and dimensions of equipment.
Quality improvement efforts may be done include: improving the quality of the Fe content of patchouli oil which makes the color to a dark oil. Purification was conducted by Development Post-harvest and distillation process, can reduce levels of iron which was originally contained 340.2 ppm, could drop to 104.5 ppm with a given concentration of tartaric acid and about 0.5 M.
Density that is too small or large will give a low percentage of oil recovery. Density of bed in the kettle distilled preferably about 0.130 kg / liter. Material replacement kettle with stainless steel material, as well as modify distributors radially and vertically, can improve the quality (ISO standard) and patchouli oil recovery ± 2,1%.
Identify the main components of essential oil of patchouli people demonstrate the value of Patchouli Alcohol (PA) of about 27-29%, while the repair process and improving the condition of initial treatment to the material about to be distilled, it can raise levels of high PA of about 30-32%.
[edit] Government
The regency is divided into 32 subdistricts (kecamatan) and 376 village (desa/kelurahan). List of subdistrict in Kuningan regency:
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[edit] Tourist destinations
There are several tourist locations in Kuningan Regency such as: Linggarjati site, Sangkanhurip hot water, Cibulan and Cigugur Fish Pond, Darma Dam and Talaga Remis.
The area of Palutungan, a new location tourist destination is known as 'Lembang of Kuningan' (Lembang is famous tourist destination near Bandung) located in 1,100 meter above sea level has fresh air, good views and a 8 meter waterfall. The waterfall is called Curug Putri (Lady Waterfall) is located in Cisantana village, Cigugur district. From Kuningan to Palutungan we will through Cigugur Fish Pond and Cisantana Maria Cave.[1]
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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