Lady Elliot Island
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Lady Elliot Island is the southern-most coral cay of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The island lies 46 nautical miles (85 km; 53 mi) north-east of Bundaberg and covers an area of approximately 40 hectares (99 acres). The island is home to a small eco resort and an airstrip, which is serviced daily by flights from Bundaberg, Hervey Bay, Maroochydore, Brisbane and the Gold Coast. Lady Elliot Island Eco Resort offers a range of comfortable accommodation options, with each suite, unit, room and cabin designed to minimise impact on the island while enriching guests’ experience of the environment and seasonal wildlife.
Lady Elliot Island is located within the 'Green Zone' of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park which is the highest possible classification designated by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Marine National Park Green Zones protect the biodiversity within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park by protecting important breeding and nursery areas such as seagrass beds, mangrove communities, deepwater shoals and reefs. GBRMPA
The island is particularly renowned for its scuba diving and snorkelling, as its location far offshore at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef results in unrivalled water clarity. Step straight off the beach and snorkel, swim or dive to explore an underwater world of brilliantly coloured marine life, join one of the guided activities or simply relax and soak in the tranquil island atmosphere. Guided activities on the island include reef walking, glass bottom boat/guided snorkel tours, island history tours, bird watching tours and turtle treks in season.
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[edit] Fauna
[edit] Turtles
The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most important sea turtle habitats in the world, with Lady Elliot Island being a key part of that habitat. Every year between November and March the green and loggerhead turtles lumber up the same beach on which they were born more than 50 years ago. These turtles nest on Lady Elliot Island up to nine times in a season, laying between 80 and 120 eggs per clutch. About eight weeks later, young hatchlings leave their nests and head towards the ocean (January to April).
[edit] Whales
Lady Elliot Island is just north of Hervey Bay, a popular Humpback Whale breeding ground. Whales are common in the waters around the island in the winter and early spring from June to October. Regular sightings occur on the flights to the island, and while snorkelling and diving from boats and from the island's beaches. Almost daily during the season, whale songs can be heard under the water while swimming around the island.
[edit] Birds
The Capricorn Silvereye, a small bird endemic to the southern Great Barrier Reef, is found on the island, which is also home to the Buff-banded Rail. It is an important seabird nesting site. The cay is a haven for over fifty species of tropical seabirds and wading birds. Over 100,000 birds nest on Lady Elliot Island during summer breeding season.
Seabirds common to Lady Elliot Island include:
- Boobies: Brown
- Terns: Black-naped, Bridled, Crested, Roseate, Sooty
- Black Noddy
- Red-tailed Tropicbird
- Silver Gull
- Wedge-tailed Shearwater
- Eastern Reef Egret
[edit] History
Lady Elliot Island first appeared above sea level around 1500 BC as a coral rubble spit. It developed into a mature coral cay over the next 3000 years.
[edit] 1805: First commercial venture
In 1805 James Atckin began the first commercial venture on Lady Elliot Island—the collecting of Beche de Mer. These animals were removed from the shallow water, dried and then smoked before being exported to Asia and Malay communities for more than ₤180 per tonne.
[edit] 1816: Official discovery
In 1816 the Island was officially discovered and named by Captain Thomas Stuart aboard the vessel Lady Elliot. The "Lady Elliot" was a 353 tonne vessel that was built in Bengal and registered in Calcutta, India. The ship was named after the wife of Hugh Elliot the Colonial Governor of India. On the return journey from Sydney, it was wrecked on a reef off Cardwell in North Queensland and that reef is called Lady Elliot Reef.
[edit] 1863: Mining for guano
In 1863 Mr J. Askunas won tender from the Queensland Government to mine the island for guano for 300 pounds per annum for 10 years. The lease was transferred to Dr W.I. Crowther of Hobart on 23 August 1864. Dr Crowther mined the island until the end of 1873. The guano was mined by Chinese and Malay workers and sent to Mainland Australia and New Zealand. Over this period virtually all the trees were removed, as well as 3 feet of top soil and guano. In 1874 the guano mining ceased, but the damage to the vegetation of the island was absolute. It was not until 1966 that a revegetation program was undertaken by lighthouse staff. Their efforts were quickly rewarded, with the island re-emerging as a haven for all types of seabirds.
[edit] 1873: Lighthouse
In 1873 a lighthouse was constructed, Lady Elliot Island Light. The lighthouse is on the National Heritage list because it is a timber framed construction with a cast iron cladding, which was pre made in England and shipped to the island in pieces. This lighthouse is 15 metres (49 ft) tall and shone out approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) to sea. The old lighthouse was used continuously until 1995 but became too short for the surrounding vegetation, which was interrupting the beam of light. At this time the Australian Maritime Safety Authority built a new light tower. It is 21 metres (69 ft) tall and its six light beams shine 40 kilometres (25 mi) out to sea. It is solar powered, fully automated and runs continuously.
[edit] 1969: Airstrip
In 1969 Don Adams (who later went on to found Seabird Aviation) built an airstrip and accommodation on the island, and was granted a tourist recreation lease by the Australian Government. In 1977 Don Adams sold the lease to Barrier Reef Airways. In 1984 the Australian Government called for tenders to construct a low-key resort on that island. The first owner of the resort lease was John and Judy French, with the resort opening in 1985. In 1992 the resort lease changed hands and was sold to Bevan Whittaker.
[edit] 2005: A New Lease on Life
In 2005 the original 20 year resort lease came up for renewal and was put to tender. The tender was won by three Gold Coast businessmen—Peter Gash, Grant Kenny and Michael Kyle. A new lease was granted for a 10 year period, with two options each for a further term of ten years. Since the change of lessee, a program to progressively renovate the island's facilities and make them more ecologically friendly has been implemented.[citation needed] The Lady Elliot Island Eco Resort Management team is dedicated to the preservation of the natural environment of the Great Barrier Reef, with their goal to work in harmony with nature for the benefit of future generations.
[edit] 2009: Solar Power
Lady Elliot Island Eco Resort has introduced a range of environmental best practice measures including construction of a Hybrid Solar Power Station to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. Lady Elliot Island Eco Resort has also achieved the highest level of ECO Certification program 'ECO Certified - Advanced Ecotourism' with Ecotourism Australia. Ecotourism Australia
