Languages of Chile
The Republic of Chile is an overwhelmingly Spanish-speaking country, with the exceptions of isolated native and immigrant communities. According to Ethnologue, Chile has nine living languages and seven extinct.[1]
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[edit] Spanish
Of the 17 million Chileans, some 14 million speak Chilean Spanish as their first language.[1] It is a Spanish dialect which is sometimes difficult for speakers of the Castilian variant of Spanish to understand. It is very similar to Andalusian Spanish in pronunciation but it does have a lot of local slang.
[edit] Native languages
[edit] Mapudungun
There are some 700,000 Mapuche living in Chile, whereof 200,000 still speak Mapudungun.[1]
[edit] Quechua
Chilean Quechua has some 8,200 speakers in the far northeast high planes. It is believed to possibly be identical to South Bolivian Quechua or at the very least highly intelligible with it.[1]
[edit] Rapa Nui
Rapa Nui, the Polynesian language of Easter Island, is spoken by some 3,400 Chileans, whereof 2,200 live on Easter Island and some 200 live on the mainland.[1]
[edit] Huilliche
- Huilliche or Chesungun had 2,000 speakers in 1982, living in the Los Ríos and Los Lagos regions. As most of those speakers were elderly, it is uncertain if there are any existing speakers today.[1]
[edit] Other
- Central Aymará has 899 speakers in the Arica and Putre provinces.[1]
- Kawésqar has only 20 remaining speakers.[1]
- Yámana has Cristina Calderón as a sole speaker and will likely become extinct soon.[2]
[edit] Extinct languages
Some indigenous languages of Chile now extinct are Diaguita, Kakauhua, Kunza and Selknam.[1]
[edit] German
Although it is estimated that 150,000 to 200,000 Chileans have some German ancestry, the number who speak German has been in decline since the end of World War II. In the 1980s it was estimated that some 35,000 German Chileans spoke German,[1] but today it is spoken only by some 20,000, most of them living in the 10th administrative region, Región de Los Lagos.[3]
[edit] Chilean Sign Language
According to the World Federation of the Deaf 2008 survey report for South America, Chile's official number of deaf citizens is 66,500.[4] The number who master Chilean Sign Language is uncertain, but if it follows the general norm of one in four deaf persons having learnt sign language, the number of sign language users in Chile should be around 16,000.
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Chile profile, Ethnologue, retrieved 2010-10-14
- ^ "It's the End of the World as We Know It". Travel Blog. 2008-10-27. http://www.travelblog.org/South-America/Chile/Magallanes/Isla-Navarino/blog-340048.html. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
- ^ Oliver Zöllner: Generating Samples of Diasporic Minority Populations: A Chilean Example
- ^ WFD Global Survey Report for South America 2008
[edit] External links
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