Large-cell lung carcinoma
| Large-cell lung carcinoma | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-O: | M8012/3 |
| MeSH | D018287 |
Large-cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) is a heterogeneous group of undifferentiated malignant neoplasms originating from transformed epithelial cells in the lung.
Contents |
[edit] Incidence
In most series, LCLC's comprise between 5% and 10% of all lung cancers.
According to the Nurses' Health Study, the risk of large cell lung carcinoma increases with a previous history of tobacco smoking, with a previous smoking duration of 30 to 40 years giving a relative risk of approximately 2.3 compared to never-smokers, and a duration of more than 40 years giving a relative risk of approximately 3.6.[2]
[edit] Diagnosis
LCLC is, in effect, a "diagnosis of exclusion", in that the tumor cells lack light microscopic characteristics that would classify the neoplasm as a small-cell carcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, or other more specific histologic type of lung cancer.
LCLC is differentiated from small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) primarily by the larger size of the anaplastic cells, a higher cytoplasmic-to-nuclear size ratio, and a lack of "salt-and-pepper" chromatin.
[edit] Classification
The newest revisions of the World Health Organization Histological Typing of Lung Cancer schema include several variants of LCLC, including (a) basaloid, (b) clear cell, (c) lymphoepithelioma-like, (d) rhabdoid phenotype, and (e) large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.
In addition, a "subvariant", called "combined large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma", or c-LCNEC, is recognized under the new system. To be designated a c-LCNEC, the tumor must contain at least 10% LCNEC cells, in combination with at least 10% of other forms of NSCLC.
[edit] Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (LCNEC)
One clinically significant subtype is "large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma",[3] which is believed to derive from neuroendocrine cells.[4]
[edit] Clinically
Patients typically present with a non-productive cough and weight loss.
[edit] References
- ^ Smokers defined as current or former smoker of more than 1 year of duration. See image page in Commons for percentages in numbers. Reference:
- Table 2 in: Kenfield SA, Wei EK, Stampfer MJ, Rosner BA, Colditz GA (2008). "Comparison of aspects of smoking among the four histological types of lung cancer.". Tob Control 17 (3): 198–204. doi:10.1136/tc.2007.022582. PMC 3044470. PMID 18390646. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18390646.
- ^ Kenfield, S. A.; Wei, E. K.; Stampfer, M. J.; Rosner, B. A.; Colditz, G. A. (2008). "Comparison of aspects of smoking among the four histological types of lung cancer". Tobacco Control 17 (3): 198–204. doi:10.1136/tc.2007.022582. PMC 3044470. PMID 18390646. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3044470.
- ^ Fernandez FG, Battafarano RJ (October 2006). "Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung". Cancer Control 13 (4): 270–5. PMID 17075564. http://www.moffitt.usf.edu/pubs/ccj/v13n4/pdf/270.pdf.
- ^ Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. pp. 762. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
[edit] External links
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