Larisa Latynina

Larisa Latynina
Larisa Latynina
Personal information
Full name	Larisa Semyonovna Latynina
Country represented	Soviet Union
Born	December 27, 1934 (1934-12-27) Kherson, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Discipline	Women's artistic gymnastics
Level	Senior international
Gym	Round Lake national training center; Burevestnik Voluntary Sports Society
Retired	1966
Medal record Olympic Games Gold 1956 Melbourne Team competition Gold 1956 Melbourne All-around Gold 1956 Melbourne Vault Gold 1956 Melbourne Floor exercise Gold 1960 Rome Team competition Gold 1960 Rome All-around Gold 1960 Rome Floor exercise Gold 1964 Tokyo Team competition Gold 1964 Tokyo Floor exercise Silver 1956 Melbourne Uneven bars Silver 1960 Rome Uneven bars Silver 1960 Rome Balance beam Silver 1964 Tokyo All-around Silver 1964 Tokyo Vault Bronze 1956 Melbourne Team, portable apparatus Bronze 1960 Rome Vault Bronze 1964 Tokyo Uneven bars Bronze 1964 Tokyo Balance beam World Championships Gold 1954 Rome Team Gold 1958 Moscow Team Gold 1958 Moscow All-around Gold 1958 Moscow Vault Gold 1958 Moscow Balance beam Gold 1958 Moscow Uneven bars Gold 1962 Prague Team Gold 1962 Prague All-around Gold 1962 Prague Floor exercise Silver 1958 Moscow Floor exercise Silver 1962 Prague Vault Silver 1962 Prague Balance beam Silver 1966 Dortmund Team Bronze 1962 Prague Uneven bars European Championships Gold 1957 Bucharest All-around Gold 1957 Bucharest Vault Gold 1957 Bucharest Balance beam Gold 1957 Bucharest Uneven bars Gold 1957 Bucharest Floor exercise Gold 1961 Leipzig All-around Gold 1961 Leipzig Floor exercise Silver 1961 Leipzig Balance beam Silver 1961 Leipzig Uneven bars Silver 1965 Sofia All-round Silver 1965 Sofia Uneven bars Silver 1965 Sofia Balance beam Silver 1965 Sofia Floor exercise Bronze 1965 Sofia Vault

Larisa Semyonovna Latynina (Russian: Лари́са Семёновна Латы́нина; born December 27, 1934 in Kherson, Ukrainian SSR) is a Russian-Ukrainian and former Soviet gymnast who was the only female athlete to win nine Olympic gold medals. She holds 18 total medals, more Olympic medals than any other competitor in any sport, and was responsible for establishing the Soviet Union as the dominant force in gymnastics. She also holds the record for most individual medals (14 outside of team events) in Olympic history.

Early life

Born Larisa Semyonovna Diriy (Лариса Семёновна Дирий), she first practiced ballet, but turned to gymnastics after her choreographer moved out of town. She graduated from high school in 1953 and moved to Kiev to attend the Lenin Polytechnic Institute and continue training. There Latynina trained at the Burevestnik Voluntary Sports Society. At the age of 19, she debuted internationally at the 1954 Rome World Championships, winning the gold medal in the team competition.

Gymnastics career

At the 1956 Summer Olympics, she competed with Ágnes Keleti of Hungary to become the most successful gymnast of the Olympics. Latynina beat Keleti in the all-around event, and the Soviet team also won the team event. In the event finals, Latynina won gold medals on the floor (shared with Keleti) and vault, a silver medal on the uneven bars, and a bronze medal in the now discontinued team event with portable apparatus. Keleti also won six medals: four golds and two silvers.

After a very successful World Championships in 1958 (winning five out of six titles despite competing whilst pregnant), Latynina was the favorite for the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. In the all-around event she led the Soviet Union to take the first four places, thereby also securing a win in the team competition by a margin of nine points. Latynina also successfully defended her floor title, took silver medals in the balance beam and uneven bars events, and bronze in the vault competition.

Latynina won all-around titles at the 1962 World Championships, beating Věra Čáslavská of Czechoslovakia. Still the defending World Champion at the 1964 Summer Olympics, she was beaten by Čáslavská in the all-around competition. Latynina did however add two more gold medals to her tally, winning the team event and the floor event both for the third time in a row. A silver medal and two bronzes in the other apparatus events brought her total of Olympic medals to eighteen — nine gold medals, five silver and four bronze. She won a medal in every event in which she competed, except for the 1956 balance beam where she came fourth. Her nine gold medals makes her second on the list of most Olympic gold medalists together with Mark Spitz, Carl Lewis and Paavo Nurmi, only behind Michael Phelps, who has 14; she held the distinction of having more Olympic gold medals (either individually or with a team) than anybody ever, from 1964 to 2008, until Michael Phelps beat her record. She is the only woman to have won nine gold medals. She is also the only female athlete who at some point has held the record for most Olympic gold medals. Additionally, within the sport of gymnastics, she is the only woman who has won an all-around medal in more than 2 Olympiads and the only woman who has won an individual event (Floor Exercise) in more than 2 Olympiads (1956, 1960, and 1964 for both of those accomplishments), one of only three women who have won every individual event at either the world or olympic level in every individual event, and she holds many other such distinguishing records.

Retirement

Latynina retired after the 1966 World Championships and became a coach for the Soviet national gymnastics team, a position she held until 1977. She organized the gymnastics competition at the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow, and around the year 2000 appeared in the "Soviet Sports Wars" episode of the PBS documentary The Red Files, discussing her experiences as a gymnast and Soviet coach.

She is a citizen of Russia, and lives in her estate near the town Semenovskoye, Moscow region.

Awards and honors

1989: Olympic Order (silver), International Olympic Committee
1998: Inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame

Medals

Year	Championship	Medals and Disciplines
1954	World Championship	1 gold medal (Teams)
1956	Melbourne Olympic Games	4 gold medals (All-Around, Teams, Floor Exercise and Vault) 1 silver medal (Bars) 1 bronze medal (Object Exercise)
1957	European Championship	5 gold medals (All-Around, Vault, Bars, Balance Beam and Floor Exercise)
1958	World Championship	5 gold medals (Teams, All-Around, Vault, Bars and Balance Beam) 1 silver medal(Floor Exercise)
1960	Rome Olympic Games	3 gold medals (All-Around, Teams and Floor Exercise) 2 silver medals (Bars and Balance Beam) 1 bronze medal (Vault)
1961	European Championship	2 gold medals (All-Around and Floor Exercise) 2 silver medals (Bars and Balance Beam)
1962	World Championship	3 gold medals (Teams, All-Around and Floor Exercise) 2 silver medals (Vault and Balance Beam) 1 bronze medal (Bars)
1964	Tokyo Olympic Games	2 gold medals (Teams and Floor Exercise), 2 silver medals (All-Around and Vault) 2 bronze medals (Bars and Balance Beam)
1965	European Championship	4 silver medals (All-Around, Bars, Balance Beam and Floor Exercise) 1 bronze medal (Vault)
1966	World Championship	1 silver medal (Teams)

See also

• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists
• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists at a single Games
• List of multiple Olympic medalists at a single Games

Bibliography

• Larisa Latynina (1975) (in Russian). The Balance. Moscow: Molodaya gvardiya. http://www.sportlib.ru/books/gimnastika/latinina/. 

External links

• Life Magazine images
• International Olympic Committee's profile on Latynina
• Larisa Latynina at Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique
• International Gymnast's profile on Latynina
• Gymn Forum: Complete list of Latynina's competitive results
• profile on DatabaseOlympics.com
• (Russian) Larisa Latynina's profile in the Modern Museum of Sports includes photos of her and some of her decorations
• Larisa Latynina at Sports Reference