Late Period of ancient Egypt

History of Egypt
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Late Period 664–332 BCE
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Dynasties of Ancient Egypt Early Dynastic • 1st Dynasty (c. 3050 – 2890 BC) • 2nd Dynasty (2890–2686 BC) Old Kingdom • 3rd Dynasty (2686–2613 BC) • 4th Dynasty (2613–2498 BC) • 5th Dynasty (2498–2345 BC) • 6th Dynasty (2345–2181 BC) First Intermediate • 7th Dynasty (2181–2160 BC) • 8th Dynasty (2181–2160 BC) • 9th Dynasty (2160–2130 BC) • 10th Dynasty (2130–2040 BC) • 11th Dynasty (Thebes only) (2134–1991 BC) Middle Kingdom • 11th Dynasty (All Egypt) (2134–1991 BC) • 12th Dynasty (1991–1803 BC) • 13th Dynasty (1803–1649 BC) • 14th Dynasty (1705–1690 BC) Second Intermediate • 15th Dynasty (1674–1535 BC) • 16th Dynasty (1660–1600 BC) • 17th Dynasty (1650–1549 BC) New Kingdom • 18th (1549–1292 BC) • 19th (1292–1189 BC) • 20th (1189–1077 BC) Third Intermediate • 21st (1069–945 BC) • 22nd (945–720 BC) • 23rd (837–728 BC) • 24th (732–720 BC) • 25th (732–653 BC) Late Period • 26th (672–525 BC) • 27th (First Achaemenid Period) (525–404 BC) • 28th (404–398 BC) • 29th (398–380 BC) • 30th (380–343 BC) • 31st (Second Achaemenid Period) (343–332 BC) Hellenistic Period • Argead (332–305 BC) • Ptolemaic (305–30 BC)

The Late Period of Ancient Egypt refers to the last flowering of native Egyptian rulers after the Third Intermediate Period from the 26th Saite Dynasty into Persian conquests and ended with the conquest by Alexander the Great. It ran from 664 BC until 332 BC.

It is often regarded as the last gasp of a once great culture, where the power of Egypt had diminished.

26th Dynasty

The Twenty-Sixth Dynasty, also known as the Saite Period, lasted from 672 BC to 525 BC. Canal construction from the Nile to the Red Sea began.

27th Dynasty

Main articles: Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt and History of Achaemenid Egypt

The First Achaemenid Period (525 BCE - 404 BCE), this period saw Egypt conquered by an expansive Achaemenid Empire under Cambyses.

28th-30th Dynasties

The Twenty-Eighth Dynasty consisted of a single king, Amyrtaeus, prince of Sais, who rebelled against the Persians. He left no monuments with his name. This dynasty lasted 6 years, from 404 BC to 398 BC.

The Twenty-Ninth Dynasty ruled from Mendes, for the period from 398 BC to 380 BC.

The Thirtieth Dynasty took their art style from the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty. A series of three pharaohs ruled from 380 BC until their final defeat in 343 BC led to the re-occupation by the Persians.

31st Dynasty

Main articles: Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt and History of Achaemenid Egypt

There was a Second Achaemenid Period of the Thirty-First Dynasty (343 BC- 332 BC).

References

• Roberto B. Gozzoli: The Writing of History in Ancient Egypt During the First Millennium BC (ca. 1070-180 BC). Trend and Perspectives, London 2006, ISBN 0-9550256-3-X
• Lloyd, Alan B. 2000. "The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw". Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. 369-394
• Quirke, Stephen. 1996 "Who were the Pharaohs?", New York: Dover Publications. 71-74