Laurie Dann

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Laurie Dann
Born	October 18, 1957(1957-10-18) Chicago, Illinois
Died	May 20, 1988 (aged 30) Winnetka, Illinois
Occupation	Babysitter
Spouse	Russell Dann (1982–1985)
Parents	Norman and Edith Wasserman

Laurie Dann (née Wasserman) (October 18, 1957–May 20, 1988) was an American murderer who shot and killed a boy, and wounded two girls and three boys, in a Winnetka, Illinois, elementary school, then took a family hostage and shot a man before killing herself.

Contents 1 Early life 2 Marriage and divorce 3 Final year 4 Attacks 5 Aftermath 6 Search for a rationale 7 References in popular culture 8 References and notes 9 External links

[edit] Early life

Dann was born into a Jewish family in Chicago and grew up in Glencoe, an affluent northern suburb of Chicago. She was the daughter of an accountant, Norman Wasserman, and his wife, Edith.^[1][2]

Those who knew Dann described her as shy and withdrawn but attractive.^[1][2] She dated a number of her male peers as a teenager and graduated from New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois, in 1975.^[2] Her grades were poor in high school, but she was able to attend Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa. When her grades improved, she transferred to the University of Arizona with the goal of becoming a teacher. She began dating a pre-med student, and the relationship soon became serious, but she was becoming possessive and demanding.^[2]

In 1980, with the relationship failing, Dann moved back to her parents' home. She then transferred to Northwestern University to complete her degree, but she dropped out of all her classes and never graduated.^[1][2]

[edit] Marriage and divorce

In the spring of 1982, Laurie met Russell Dann, an executive in a successful insurance brokering firm; the two were married that September. However, the marriage appeared likely to fail. Both Russell and Dann's family noted she exhibited signs of obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as other strange behavior,^[1] including leaving trash around the house.^[2] For a short period, Dann saw a psychiatrist who identified Dann's childhood and upbringing as a cause of her problems.^[2]

Laurie and Russell Dann separated in October 1985.^[1] The divorce negotiations were acrimonious, with Laurie claiming that Russell was violent and abusive. In the following months, the police were called to investigate various incidents, including several harassing phone calls made to Russell, his family, and his friends.^[2] In April 1986, Laurie Dann accused Russell of breaking into and vandalizing her parents' house, where she was then living. Shortly after, she purchased a Smith & Wesson .357 Magnum, telling the salesman that she needed it for self-defense. The police were concerned about her gun ownership and unsuccessfully tried to persuade Dann and her family that she should give up the gun.^[1]

In August 1986, she contacted her ex-boyfriend, who was by then a resident at a hospital, and claimed to have had his child. When he refused to believe her, Dann called the hospital where he was then working as a doctor and claimed he had raped her in the emergency room.^[2][3]
In September 1986, Russell Dann reported he had been stabbed in his sleep with an icepick. He accused Laurie Dann of the crime, although he had not actually seen his attacker. The police, bolstered by a medical report which suggested the injury might have been self-inflicted, Russell Dann's abrasive attitude towards the police, and his failed polygraph test, decided not to press charges against Laurie Dann.^[1][2] Russell and his family continued to receive harassing hang-up phone calls, and Laurie was arrested for calls made to Russell's sister. The charges were dropped, however, due to lack of evidence.^[2]

Just before their divorce was finalized in April 1987, Laurie accused Russell Dann of having raped her with a steak knife. There were no physical signs that the story was true, yet Laurie passed two polygraph tests.^[2] In May 1987, Laurie Dann accused Russell of placing an incendiary device in her home.^[1] No charges were filed against Russell for either alleged event. Laurie's parents believed her claims and supported and defended her throughout. By this time, Laurie Dann was being treated by another psychiatrist for obsessive-compulsive disorder and a 'chemical imbalance,' but he told police he did not feel that she was suicidal or homicidal.^[2]

[edit] Final year

Laurie Dann worked as a babysitter, and some employers were happy with the care she provided their children.^[3] Others made complaints to the police about damage to their furniture and the theft of food and clothes. Despite the complaints, no charges were pressed. Laurie Dann's father did pay for damages in one case.^[2]

In the summer of 1987, Dann sublet a university apartment in Evanston, Illinois. Once again, her strange behavior was noted, including riding up and down in elevators for hours, wearing rubber gloves to touch metal, and leaving meat to rot in sofa cushions. She took no classes at the university, but made friends in fraternities on campus and dated some of the fraternity brothers.^[1][3]

In the fall of 1987, Dann claimed she had received threatening letters from Russell and that he had sexually assaulted her in a parking lot, but the police did not believe her. A few weeks later, she purchased a .32 Smith and Wesson revolver.^[1]

With her condition deteriorating, Dann and her family sought specialized help. In November 1987, she moved to Madison, Wisconsin, to live in a student residence while being observed by a psychiatrist who specialized in obsessive-compulsive disorder. She had already begun taking clomipramine, a new drug for OCD, and her new psychiatrist increased the dosage, adding lithium carbonate to reduce her mood swings and initiating behavioral therapy to work on her phobias and ritualistic behaviors.^[2] Despite the intervention, her strange behavior continued, including riding elevators for long periods, changing TV channels repetitively, and an obsession with "good" and "bad" numbers. There were also concerns about whether she was bulimic.

Dann purchased a .22 semi-automatic Beretta at the end of December 1987. In March 1988, she stopped attending her appointments with the psychiatrist and behavior therapist.^[2] At about the same time, she began to make preparations for the attacks. She stole books from the library on poisons, and she diluted arsenic and other chemicals from a lab. She also shoplifted clothes and wigs to disguise herself and was arrested for theft on one occasion. Both her psychiatrist and her father tried to persuade her to enter the hospital as an inpatient, but she refused.^[2]

Dann continued to make numerous hang-up phone calls to her former in-laws, friends, and babysitting clients. Eventually, the calls escalated to death threats. An ex-boyfriend and his wife also received dozens of threatening calls. In May 1988, a letter, later confirmed to have been sent by Laurie Dann, was sent to the hospital administration where her ex-boyfriend then worked, again accusing him of sexual assault. Since the phone calls were across state lines, the FBI became involved, and a federal indictment against Dann was prepared. However, the ex-boyfriend, fearful of publicity,^[1] and concerned about Dann getting bail and then attempting to fulfill her threats against him, decided to wait until other charges were filed in Illinois.^[2][3][4] In May 1988, a janitor found her lying in the fetal position inside a garbage bag in a trash room. This precipitated a search of her room and her departure back to Glencoe.^[1][2][4]

[edit] Attacks

During the days before May 20, 1988, Laurie Dann prepared rice cereal snacks and juice boxes poisoned with the diluted arsenic she had stolen in Madison. She mailed some to a former female friend, ex-babysitting clients, her psychiatrist, Russell Dann, and others. In the early morning of May 20th, she personally delivered snacks and juice "samples" to other friends, acquaintances, and families for whom she had babysat, some of whom had not seen her for years.^[1][2] Other snacks were delivered to Alpha Tau Omega, Psi Upsilon, and Kappa Sigma fraternity houses at Northwestern University in Evanston.^[1][2] Notes were attached to some of the deliveries.^[5][6][7] The drinks were often leaking, and the squares unpleasant tasting, so little was actually consumed. In addition, the arsenic was highly diluted and, as a result, nobody became seriously ill.^[1]

At about 9:00 a.m. on the 20th, Dann arrived at the home of the Rushe family, former babysitting clients in Winnetka, Illinois, to pick up their two youngest children. The family had just told Dann they were moving away.^[2] Instead of taking them on the promised outing, however, she took them to Ravinia Elementary School in Highland Park, Illinois, where her former sister-in-law's two sons were enrolled. She left the two children in the car while she entered the school and tried to detonate a fire bomb in one of the school's hallways. The small fire she set was quickly extinguished by a teacher. She then drove to a local daycare attended by her ex-sister-in-law's daughter and tried to enter the building with a plastic can of gasoline. Staff members stopped her, though.

She then returned her two passengers to their home and offered them some arsenic-poisoned milk, but the boys spat it out because it tasted strange. Once at their home, she lured them downstairs and used gasoline to set fire to the house, trapping their mother and the two children in the basement. They managed to narrowly escape.^[1][2][8] She then drove three and a half blocks to the Hubbard Woods School with three handguns in her possession. She wandered into, and observed, a second grade classroom for a short while, then left. She found a boy in the corridor, pushed him into the boys' washroom, and shot him with a .22 semi-automatic Beretta pistol. Her Smith and Wesson .357 Magnum revolver jammed as she tried to fire it at two other boys in the washroom, and she threw it into the washbasin along with the spare ammunition she had. The boys ran out of the washroom and raised the alarm.^[1] Dann then re-entered the same second grade classroom where students were working in groups on a bicycle safety test. She ordered all the children into the corner of the room. The teacher refused and attempted to disarm Dann, managing to unload the Beretta in the struggle. Dann drew a .32 Smith and Wesson from the waistband of her shorts and shot at several groups of the students. She killed eight-year-old Nicholas Corwin and wounded two girls and two boys before fleeing in her car.^[2]

Dann was prevented from leaving the area because the roads were closed for a funeral cortege. So, she abandoned her car and, after taking off her bloodstained shorts, tied a blue garbage bag around her waist. With her two remaining guns, she made her way through some woods before reaching the house of the Andrew family. Dann entered the house and met a mother and twenty-year-old son who were in the kitchen. She claimed she was raped and had shot the rapist in the struggle.^[2][9] The Andrews were sympathetic^[9] and tried to convince her that she need not fear the police, because she had acted in self-defense. Mrs. Andrew gave Dann a pair of her daughter's pants to wear. While she was putting them on, Philip Andrew was able to pick up and pocket the Beretta. He suggested that she call her family. Dann agreed and called her mother, telling her she had done something terrible and that the police were involved. Philip took the phone and explained about the rape and shooting and suggested that Mrs. Wasserman come to get Dann, but according to Philip Andrew, Mrs. Wasserman said she could not come because she did not have a car.

Mr. Andrew arrived home, and they continued to argue with Dann, insisting she give up the gun. Dann called her mother again and, this time, Mr. Andrew spoke to Mrs. Wasserman and asked her to persuade Dann to give up the gun. While Dann spoke with her mother again, Mrs. Andrew left the house and alerted the police. Mr. Andrew told Dann that he was not staying if she did not put down the gun and also left the house. Dann ordered Philip Andrew to stay. Just before noon, seeing the police advancing on the house, she shot Philip in the chest, but he managed to escape out the back door before collapsing and being rescued by the police and ambulance personnel.

With the house surrounded, Dann went upstairs to a bedroom. The Wassermans and Russell Dann were brought to the house. At about 7:00 p.m., an assault team entered the house while Mr. Wasserman attempted to get Dann's attention with a bullhorn. The police found her body in the bedroom: she had shot herself in the mouth.^[2]

[edit] Aftermath

Despite the serious injuries some had received, all the wounded eventually recovered. One victim from the school, a girl who had severe internal injuries, received innovative emergency surgery and was lucky to survive. Those wounded, the other children in the school, and their parents, received extensive support to help them cope with the psychological after-effects of the attacks.^[2][10]

Some members of the community, including parents impacted by the shooting, spent subsequent decades working for gun-control.^[2][11] Philip Andrew gave interviews about gun-control from his hospital bed, became active in local and state gun-control organizations and executive director of the Illinois Council Against Handgun Violence, and subsequently became a lawyer and then an FBI agent.^[4][9][12] The incident also created a debate about the criteria for committing mentally ill to mental health facilities against their will. Some favored the involuntary commitment of a person who was determined to be mentally ill and incapable of making informed decisions about treatment, while others, including civil libertarians, opposed the idea. "It would be a shame if we cut back on the civil liberties of literally millions of mentally ill people because of the occasional bizarre incident," said Benjamin Wolf, staff counsel for the ACLU of Illinois.^[4]

[edit] Search for a rationale

Investigations were hampered by the Wassermans' refusal to be interviewed by police^[4] and to provide access to Dann's psychiatric records, although the records were eventually obtained by court order. On the night of Dann's death, the Wassermans only allowed a very brief search of her bedroom and subsequently cleaned it up, removing potential evidence.^[1] The police were criticized for not sealing off her room as part of the crime scene.^[2] However, two newspaper clippings were found among Dann's possessions after her death. One described a man who randomly killed two people in a public building. The other described a depressed young man who had attempted to commit suicide in the same way that Laurie did; he survived and discovered that his brain injury had cured him of his obsessive-compulsive disorder.^[1]

Others have noted that she targeted people who had "disappointed" her in some way, including her ex-husband, her former sister-in-law (through the firebombing attempts at her children's schools and daycare), her ex-boyfriend and his wife, the family who was moving away, as well as former friends and babysitting clients.^[2]
Dann was also briefly investigated as a possible suspect for the Chicago Tylenol murders but no direct connection was found.^[13]

Some criticized her psychiatrists and the police for not having identified the danger Dann posed, despite the clear signs available.^[4] One of the drugs Dann was taking, anafranil, generically known as clomipramine, was at the time not licensed.^[1][14] The effect of this drug was considered as a possible cause, though this was ultimately ruled out.^[15]
Others blamed the actions of her family in defending and protecting her in spite of the signs of her deteriorating mental health.^[4] The parents of the shooting victims sued the Wasserman family for damages.^[1][2]

In his book "The Myth of Male Power," author Warren Farrell suggested Laurie Dann's actions were an example of women's violence against men. He claimed, erroneously, that Dann's victims had only been boys and men, that she had burned down a Young Men's Jewish Council, had burned two boys in a basement, had shot her own son, and that she had alleged she had killed an eight-year old rapist.^[16] Men's rights activists, academics and the media have repeated the errors.^{[17][18][19][20]}

[edit] References in popular culture

A made-for-TV movie, Murder of Innocence, was broadcast by CBS on November 30, 1993. The movie was based on the book of the same name by Eric Zorn, but the names of the characters were changed. Valerie Bertinelli was cast as Laurie Wade, a character based on Laurie Dann.

The American death-metal band Macabre wrote and recorded a song about Dann, titled "Hey Laurie Dann." It was recorded on the Gloom album.

[edit] References and notes

[edit] External links

• http://www.theawarenesscenter.org/dann_laurie.html Summary and quoted contemporaneous news reports.
• Laurie Dann at Find a Grave