Lebrikizumab

Lebrikizumab ^?

Monoclonal antibody
Type	Whole antibody
Source	Humanized
Target	IL-13
Clinical data
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	Investigational
Routes	Subcutaneous injection
Identifiers
CAS number	953400-68-5 N
ATC code	None
UNII	U9JLP7V031 Y
KEGG	D09633 Y
Chemical data
Formula	?
N (what is this?)  (verify)

Lebrikizumab (INN) is a humanized monoclonal antibody and an experimental immunosuppresive drug for the treatment of asthma that cannot be adequately controlled with inhalable glucocorticoids. It has successfully completed a Phase II clinical trial.

Mechanism of action

Lebrikizumab blocks interleukin 13 (IL-13), a cytokine (cell-signalling protein) that is produced by Th2 cells, a type of white blood cells. IL-13 is thought to induce the expression of another signalling protein, periostin, by epithelial cells of the bronchi. Periostin in turn seems to partake in a number of asthma related problems, such as bronchial hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and activation and proliferation of airway fibroblasts, which are involved in airway remodelling.

This theory is supported by the fact that patients with high periostin levels responded significantly better to lebrikizumab in the Phase II study: the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 8.2% higher than under placebo in this group (measured from the respective baselines), while low-periostin patients had 1.6% higher FEV1, and the average value for all patients was 5.5%. The FEV1 increase in low-periostin patients was not statistically significant.

Side effects

In the study, musculoskeletal side effects were more common under lebrikizumab than under placebo (13.2% versus 5.4%). Other side effects were comparable in both groups: infections overall 48.1% versus 49.1%, upper airway infections 12.3% versus 14.3%, and severe side effects overall 3.8% (treatment) versus 5.4% (placebo).