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Lentinan

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Lentinan
Clinical data
Other names(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
ATC code
Identifiers
  • β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranose
CAS Number
PubChem CID
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC42H72O36
Molar mass1152.99948 g/mol g·mol−1
  (verify)

Lentinan is a beta-glucan with a glycosidic β-1,3:β-1,6 linkage.[1] It is an anti-tumor polysaccharide from the shiitake (Lentinula edodes) mushroom.[1] Lentinan is a polysaccharide that has a molecular weight of approximately 500,000 Da. The Japanese pharmaceutical company Ajinomoto developed Lentinan, which is an intravenously administered anti-cancer agent.[1]

Lentinan is one of the host-mediated anti-cancer drugs[2] which has been shown to affect host defense immune systems.[3]

Research into the effects of Lentinan

Lentinex is a formulation featuring lentinan and is approved for use in the EU. An in vitro experiment showed lentinan stimulated production of white blood cells in the human cell line U937.[4] A pharmacological blend (MC-S) of lentinan, PSK, Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus propinquus has also been shown to stimulate white blood cell production in vitro. [5]

An in vivo experiment on mice, revealed lentinan is orally active (since clinical use of the drug is administered through an IV). [6]

Limited clinical studies of cancer patients have associated lentinan with a higher survival rate, higher quality of life, and lower re-occurrence of cancer.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Cancer Guide Includes many abstracts
  2. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K (1999). "A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group". Hepatogastroenterology. 46 (28): 2662–8. PMID 10522061.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K (1999). "A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group". Hepatogastroenterology. 46 (28): 2662–8. PMID 10522061.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Sia GM, Candlish JK. (1999). "Effects of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on human neutrophils and the U937 monocytic cell line". Phytother Res. 13 (2): 133–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199903)13:2<133::AID-PTR398>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10190187. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ^ Clark D, Adams M. (2007). "Using commercial nutraceutical mixes as immune stimulants: an in vitro proliferation study using Metabolic Cell-Support on non-stimulated human lymphocytes". Austr. J. Med. Herbal. 19: 108–111.
  6. ^ Ng ML, Yap AT. (2002). "Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes)". J Altern Complement Med. 8 (5). National University of Singapore: 581–9. doi:10.1089/107555302320825093. PMID 12470439. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ^ Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B. (2008). "Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC". Adv Ther. 25 (8): 787–94. doi:10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x. PMID 18670743. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N, (2006). "[S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]". Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. 33 (1): 106–9. PMID 16897983. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K. (1999). "A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group". Hepatogastroenterology. 46 (28): 2662–8. PMID 10522061. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J (2009). "Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer". Anticancer Res. 29 (7): 2739–45. PMID 19596954. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M; et al. (2009). "Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer". Anticancer Res. 29 (7): 2611–7. PMID 19596936. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T; et al. (2009). "Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life". Hepatogastroenterology. 56 (90): 547–50. PMID 19579640. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H; et al. (2009). "Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma". Hepatogastroenterology. 56 (90): 437–41. PMID 19579616. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S; et al. (2009). "Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer". Hepatogastroenterology. 56 (89): 240–4. PMID 19453066. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Further reading



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