Second Lieutenant

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Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces.

In British English the rank is pronounced second /lɛf'tɛnənt/ (lef-tenent), while in American English it is pronounced second /lu'tɛnənt/ (loo-tenent).

Common military ranks
Officers
Navies Armies Air forces
Generalissimo
Admiral of
the Fleet		 Marshal / Field Marshal Marshal of
the Air Force
Admiral General Air Marshal
Commodore Brigadier Air Commodore
Captain Colonel Group Captain
Commander Lt. Colonel Wing Commander
Lt. Commander Major / Commandant Squadron Leader
Lieutenant Captain Flight Lieutenant
Sub-Lieutenant Lieutenant Flying Officer
Ensign 2nd Lieutenant Pilot Officer
Midshipman Officer Cadet Officer Cadet
Seamen, soldiers and airmen
Warrant Officer Sergeant Major Warrant Officer
Petty Officer Sergeant Sergeant
Leading Seaman Corporal Corporal
Seaman Private Aircraftman

Contents

[edit] United Kingdom and Commonwealth

The rank second lieutenant was introduced throughout the British Army in 1871 to replace the rank of ensign (cornet in the cavalry), although it had long been used in the Royal Artillery, Royal Engineers, Fusilier and Rifle regiments. At first the rank bore no distinct insignia. In 1902 a single bath star (now commonly referred to as a pip) was introduced; the ranks of lieutenant and captain had their number of stars increased by one to (respectively) two and three. The rank is also used by the Royal Marines.

In the Royal Air Force the comparable rank is pilot officer. The Royal Navy has no exactly equivalent rank, and a second lieutenant is senior to a Royal Navy midshipman but junior to a Sub-Lieutenant. The Royal New Zealand Navy – breaking with Royal Navy tradition – uses the ensign grade for this rank equivalent. The Royal Australian Navy also breaks tradition in the sense that it has the equivalent rank of Ensign, but it is titled "acting sub lieutenant."

The Canadian Forces adopted the rank with insignia of a single gold ring around the service dress uniform cuff for both army and air personnel upon unification in 1968. For a time, naval personnel used this rank but reverted to the Royal Canadian Navy rank of acting sub-lieutenant, though the CF Green uniform was retained until the mid-1980s.

v • d • e
Commissioned Officer ranks of the British Armed Forces
NATO Rank code Student Officer OF(D) OF-1 OF-2 OF-3 OF-4 OF-5 OF-6 OF-7 OF-8 OF-9 OF-10
Royal Navy OC Mid SLt Lt Lt Cdr Cdr Capt Cdre RAdm VAdm Adm Adm of the Fleet
Royal Marines 2Lt Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Maj-Gen Lt Gen Gen
Army O Cdt 2Lt Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Maj-Gen Lt Gen Gen FM
Royal Air Force OC APO / Plt Off Fg Off Flt Lt Sqn Ldr Wg Cdr Gp Capt Air Cdre AVM Air Mshl Air Chf Mshl MRAF


[edit] United States

Insignia of a United States Second Lieutenant
2nd Lieutenant rank insignia of the Confederate Army as used during the American Civil War

In the United States, second lieutenant is typically the entry-level rank for most commissioned officers.

In the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine Corps, a second lieutenant typically leads a platoon-size element (16 to 44 soldiers or marines). In the Army, the rank bore no insignia until December 1917, when a gold bar was introduced to contrast with the silver bar of a first lieutenant.

In the U.S. Air Force, a second lieutenant may supervise flights of varying sizes, depending upon the career field, as a flight commander or assistant flight commander or may work in a variety of administrative positions at the squadron, group, or wing level.

As a result of the gold color of the bars, second lieutenants are often colloquially referred to as Butterbars, Nuggets, Commissioned Privates, or 2nd Luey, or Brown Bars.

The corresponding United States Coast Guard and United States Navy rank is ensign.

In the Army Medical Corps, this is the entry-level rank for nurses.

v • d • e
United States commissioned officer and officer candidate ranks
Officer
candidate		 O-1 O-2 O-3 O-4 O-5 O-6 O-7 O-8 O-9 O-10 Special Special
Approximate
insignia:		 (no universal insignia) Second Lieutenant / Ensign First Lieutenant / Lieutenant (junior grade) Captain / Lieutenant Major / Lieutenant Commander Lieutenant Colonel / Commander Colonel / Captain Brigadier General / Rear Admiral (lower half) Major General / Rear Admiral Lieutenant General / Vice Admiral General / Admiral General of the Army / General of the Air Force / Fleet Admiral (no authorized insignia)
Air Force: CDT / OT 2d Lt 1st Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Gen Maj Gen Lt Gen Gen GAF[1][4]
 [2]
Army: CDT / OC 2LT 1LT CPT MAJ LTC COL BG MG LTG GEN GA[1][4]
 General of the
Armies[1][4]
Marine Corps: Midn / Cand 2ndLt 1stLt Capt Maj LtCol Col BGen MajGen LtGen Gen [2] [2]
Navy: MIDN / OC ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM ADM FADM[1][4]
 Admiral of the
Navy[1][4]
Coast Guard: CDT ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM ADM [2] [2]
Public Health Service: [2] ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RADM RADM VADM ADM [2] [2]
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric
Administration:		 [2] ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM[1][4]
 [3] [2] [2]
Grade inactive [1] Grade never created [2]
Grade is authorized for use by U.S. Code but has not been created [3] Grade requires Congressional approval for re-activation [4]
v • d • e
United States warrant officer ranks
W-1 W-2 W-3 W-4 W-5
Approximate insignia: (no universal insignia) (no universal insignia) (no universal insignia) (no universal insignia) (no universal insignia)
Air Force: WO-1[1] CWO-2[1] CWO-3[1] CWO-4[1] CWO-5[1]
Army: WO1 CW2 CW3 CW4 CW5
Marine Corps: WO-1 CWO-2 CWO-3 CWO-4 CWO-5
Navy: WO-1[1] CWO-2 CWO-3 CWO-4 CWO-5
Coast Guard: [3] CWO-2 CWO-3 CWO-4 [3]
Public Health Service: [3] [3] [3] [3] [2]
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: [2] [2] [2] [2] [2]
Grade inactive [1] Grade never created [2]
Grade is authorized for use by U.S. Code but has not been created [3]

[edit] Norway

UK-Navy-OF1.gif

An RNoN Fenrik Arm, shoulder or chest insignia (depending on uniform)
NOR-Army-OF1b.gif

A Norwegian Army and Heimevernet (Home Guard) Fenrik shoulder insignia.

The equivalent rank in Norway(O-1) is "fenrik", but the function of the rank differs drastically from other armies. Although it is an officer rank, it strongly resembles an NCO-rank in practice. The ranking system in Norway is quite different, while they don't have a professional army, Fenriks are usually former experienced sergeants but to become a sergeant one has to go through officer's training and education. Though they still fill such roles as squad leaders and platoon sergeants while at the rank Fenrik, in some cases Fenriks are XOs. Most Fenriks have finished the War Academy as well, and are fully trained officers. This is due to the lack of an NCO-corps in the Norwegian army.

NATO Code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student Officer
 Norway[1]
edit		 No Equiv Badge of rank of General of the Norwegian Army.svg
General		 Badge of rank of Generalløytnant of the Norwegian Army.svg
Generalløytnant		 Badge of rank of Generalmajor of the Norwegian Army.svg
Generalmajor		 Badge of rank of Brigader of the Norwegian Army.svg
Brigader		 Badge of rank of Oberst of the Norwegian Army.svg
Oberst		 Badge of rank of Oberstløytnant of the Norwegian Army.svg
Oberstløytnant		 Badge of rank of Major of the Norwegian Army.svg
Major		 Badge of rank of Kaptein of the Norwegian Army.svg
Kaptein / Rittmester		 Badge of rank of Løytnant of the Norwegian Army.svg
Løytnant		 Badge of rank of Fenrik of the Norwegian Army.svg
Fenrik		 No Equiv

[edit] Other countries

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ www.mil.no
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