Lijiang, Yunnan
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- For the river in Guangxi Province, see Lijiang River. Other uses see Lijiang and Old Town of Lijiang.
| Lijiang 丽江 |
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| — Prefecture-level city — | |
| 丽江市 | |
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 Lijiang
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| Coordinates: 26°53′N 100°14′E / 26.883°N 100.233°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Yunnan |
| Admin HQ | Gucheng |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 21,219 km2 (8,193 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,127 km2 (435 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,127 km2 (435 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2,400 m (7,900 ft) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 1,244,769 |
| • Density | 58.6629/km2 (151.936/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 155,540 |
| • Urban density | 138.01/km2 (357.45/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 155,540 |
| • Metro density | 138.01/km2 (357.45/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 674100 |
| Area code(s) | 0888 |
| Website | http://www.lijiang.gov.cn/ |
Lijiang (simplified Chinese: 丽江市; traditional Chinese: 麗江市; pinyin: Lìjiāng Shì) is a prefecture-level city in the northwest of Yunnan Province, China. It has an area of 21,219 square kilometres (8,193 sq mi) and a population of 1,244,7690 as of 2010 census.
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[edit] History
Lijiang City replaced former administrative region Lijiang Prefecture. Lijiang Prefecture no longer exists today. It was under the rule of the Mu family (木氏) local commanders (土司) during the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.[1]
[edit] Administrative divisions
The government of Lijiang City sits in Gucheng District.
Lijiang City comprises one district and four counties:
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| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Gucheng District | 古城区 | Gǔchéng Qū | 140,000 | 1,127 | 124 |
| 2 | Yongsheng County | 永胜县 | Yǒngshèng Xiàn | 380,000 | 5,099 | 75 |
| 3 | Huaping County | 华坪县 | Huápíng Xiàn | 150,000 | 2,266 | 66 |
| 4 | Yulong Nakhi Autonomous County | 玉龙纳西族自治县 | Yùlóng Nàxīzú Zìzhìxiàn | 210,000 | 6,521 | 32 |
| 5 | Ninglang Yi Autonomous County | 宁蒗彝族自治县 | Nínglàng Yízú Zìzhìxiàn | 240,000 | 6,206 | 39 |
[edit] Geography
Lijiang City is located in the northwestern portion of Yunnan and borders Sichuan. It is in a region where the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau converge.
[edit] Climate
Owing to its low latitude and high elevation, the city centre of Lijiang experiences a mild subtropical highland climate (Koppen Cwb). Winters feature mild days coupled with nights that may go below freezing, as well as the driest and sunniest conditions of the year; January averages 6.0 °C (42.8 °F). Summers are warm and damp, with a June average of 18.4 °C (65.1 °F), which is much cooler than lowland areas. The annual mean temperature is 12.7 °C (54.9 °F), while precipitation averages around 970 millimetres (38 in), focused heavily from June to September.
| Climate data for Lijiang, Yunnan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.7 (69.3) |
21.9 (71.4) |
25.0 (77.0) |
28.9 (84.0) |
30.6 (87.1) |
32.3 (90.1) |
31.4 (88.5) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.1 (79.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
22.8 (73.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 13.5 (56.3) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.1 (73.6) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
20.0 (68.0) |
16.8 (62.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
2.0 (35.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
7.8 (46.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
14.3 (57.7) |
14.5 (58.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
12.2 (54.0) |
8.7 (47.7) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
7.7 (45.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7 (19) |
−6 (21) |
−4 (25) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
3.5 (38.3) |
6.2 (43.2) |
6.9 (44.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
4.4 (39.9) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 2.3 (0.091) |
5.8 (0.228) |
16.7 (0.657) |
21.0 (0.827) |
55.8 (2.197) |
167.3 (6.587) |
242.2 (9.535) |
206.3 (8.122) |
160.8 (6.331) |
70.0 (2.756) |
16.0 (0.63) |
3.8 (0.15) |
968 (38.11) |
| % humidity | 46 | 46 | 49 | 54 | 59 | 73 | 81 | 83 | 83 | 73 | 62 | 53 | 63.5 |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.9 | 3.9 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 11.7 | 20.3 | 24.2 | 22.3 | 20.8 | 11.5 | 4.3 | 1.5 | 136.9 |
| Sunshine hours | 259.9 | 229.7 | 248.4 | 233.4 | 225.1 | 156.7 | 134.2 | 155.0 | 138.8 | 195.2 | 226.6 | 260.3 | 2,463.3 |
| Source no. 1: Weather China[2] | |||||||||||||
| Source no. 2: China Meteorological Administration (sunshine and humidity, 1971–2000) [3] | |||||||||||||
[edit] Transport
- Lijiang Airport (LJG); Lijiang Airport is located in the south of Lijiang city, 28 km away from downtown. There is an airport shuttle bus service in downtown Lijiang. The airport was opened in July 1995 and has flights to Kunming, Chengdu, Xishuangbanna, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen via Chongqing and Guiyang. It also offers chartered airplane service. There are flights from Kunming to Lijiang every day and is about 30 minutes flight time.
- There are bus services to, amongst others, Kunming City (8 hrs), Dali City (3 hrs), the Tiger Leaping Gorge and Shangri-La.
- There is a train service to Kunming with one overnight and two day trains, and one day train to Dali.
[edit] Nearby
Some tens of miles north of Lijiang is the Baishui Terrace Baishuitai (白水台, literally "White Water Terrace") is an area where spring water flows over a sinter terrace, leaving behind travertine.
The world famous Old Town of Lijiang is located in Lijiang City. It is a UNESCO Heritage Site.
The town has a history going back more than 800 years and was once a confluence for trade along the old tea horse road. The Lijiang old town is famous for its orderly system of waterways and bridges. The old town of Lijiang differs from other ancient Chinese cities in architecture, history and the culture of its traditional residents the Nakhi people, therefore people there are called 胖金哥 and 胖金妹 (pàng jīn gē, pàng jīn mèi, male and female respectively).
A few miles north of Lijiang is the village of Baisha, File:Famous for the Baisha Fresco and the Naxi Hand-made Embroidery Institute.The Fresco was made in the Ming Dynasty 600 years ago, the Naxi Hand-made Embroidery Institute was built 800 years ago, it is the head quarter of the Naxi embroideries and also ,it is like a school for the Naxi embroiderers. There are many Naxi embroidery masters, teachers, students and local farmers there. They are very nice and friendly, meanwhile,many gorgeous and unbelievable embroidery arts can be found there.It is a very special place.
The Baisha Old Town use to be the political, commercial and cultural center for the local Naxi people and other ethnic people for 400 years from the year 658 AD to 1107 AD. The Dabaoji Palace of the Baisha Fresco where is very close to the Baisha Naxi Hand-made Embroidery Institute was built in the year 658AD in the Tang Dynasty (618 AD to 960 AD).
The Baisha Old Town use to be the center of silk embroidery in the southwest of China and the most important place of the Ancient Southern Silk Road ,also called the Ancient Tea and Horse Road. The Ancient Southern Silk Road started from Myanmar, crossed Lijiang, Shangeri-la, Tibet, Iran, Israel after the Mediterranean Sea eventually got to France, Italy, Spain, Germany, England, Switzerland and other European countries and African countries.It Played an very important role for trade and cultural exchange between different regions and countries.
The Naxi women were well-known for their hand-made embroidery before the year 1972 during the Great Cultural Revolution.The most famous Naxi masters were arrested and put in the jail, some of them were died in the jail during the Cultural Revolution because they did hand-made embroidery only for the Naxi Emperors when they were young.
[edit] Sister Cities
- Kazan, Tatarstan,
Russia [4] - Roanoke, Virginia,
United States - New Westminster, British Columbia,
Canada - Takayama, Gifu,
Japan[citation needed]
[edit] See also
- Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles: a film by Zhang Yimou which takes place in the Lijiang area
[edit] References
- ^ 丽江木氏土司与滇川藏交角区域历史文化研讨会综述[dead link]
- ^ "丽江城市介绍" (in Simplified Chinese). Weather China. November 2011. http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101291401.shtml. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）" (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. May 2011. http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3. Retrieved 2010−06−04.
- ^ Successful use of heritage is the pledge of prosperous future of Euro-Asia Cities (DOC file). II International Conference of World Heritage Cities of Euro-Asia. Lijiang. 15–18 October 2006
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lijiang |
Coordinates: 26°53′N 100°14′E / 26.883°N 100.233°E
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