Linda Lingle

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Linda Lingle
Lingle at the 65th Anniversary of the Attack on Pearl Harbor.
Governor of Hawaii
In office
December 2, 2002 – December 6, 2010
Lieutenant James Aiona
Preceded by Ben Cayetano
Succeeded by Neil Abercrombie
Mayor of Maui
In office
January 2, 1991[1] – January 2, 1999
Preceded by Hannibal Tavares
Succeeded by James Apana
Personal details
Born Linda Cutter
June 4, 1953 (1953-06-04) (age 58)
St. Louis, Missouri
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Charles Lingle (1972–1975)
William Crockett (1986–1997)
Alma mater California State University, Northridge
Profession Newspaper publisher
Religion Judaism
Signature

Linda Lingle (born Linda Cutter; June 4, 1953) was the sixth Governor of Hawaii. Lingle holds a number of distinctions: first Republican elected governor of Hawaii since the departure of William F. Quinn in 1962, first county mayor elected governor of Hawaii, first female governor of Hawaii, first Jewish governor of Hawaii; the first governor of Hawaii not to have any children; she has been married and divorced twice. During the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City, Lingle served as chairwoman of the convention during the absence of permanent chairman Dennis Hastert from the convention floor. Prior to her gubernatorial administration, Lingle served as Maui County mayor, councilmember, and chair of the Hawaii Republican Party.

Lingle announced her candidacy for the United States Senate in October 2011 for the open seat vacated by retiring U.S. Senator Daniel Akaka.[2][3]

Contents

[edit] Early life, education, and early career

Born Linda Cutter in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1953, Lingle moved with her family to Southern California when she was 12. She graduated from Birmingham High School in Lake Balboa, California (at that time, part of Van Nuys), then received her bachelor's degree in journalism cum laude from California State University, Northridge, in 1975.

Soon after that, she followed her father to Hawaii, working first in Honolulu as a public information officer for the Teamsters and Hotel Workers Union. Later, she moved to Molokai, where she started the Molokai Free Press, a community newspaper.[4]

[edit] County politics

In 1980, Lingle was elected to the Maui County Council, where she served five two-year terms. Lingle served three of those terms representing Molokai and two terms as an at-large member. Upon the 1990 retirement of Hannibal Tavares as mayor of Maui County, Lingle decided to challenge former Maui mayor and Hawai'i State Speaker of the House of Representatives Elmer Cravalho for the seat. Despite polls showing Lingle trailing far behind her Democratic opponent, Lingle proved victorious. The Honolulu Advertiser and Honolulu Star-Bulletin newspapers declared the election one of the biggest upsets in Hawai'i political history. She became the youngest person elected to the office of Maui County Mayor, at the age of 37, as well as the first woman. She was sworn into office as Mayor of Maui on January 2, 1991.[1] In 1994, Lingle easily won re-election.

Under Lingle's leadership, Maui County implemented performance-based budgeting.[5] Its successful passage and execution earned for Lingle the Distinguished Budget Presentation Award from the Government Finance Officers Association for four years.[6] Mayor Lingle was also credited for attracting tourism and job growth to Maui County during a period when the state tourism industry was struggling.[7]

[edit] 1998 gubernatorial campaign

Main article: Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1998

Lingle would once again attempt an upset victory, this time in pursuit of the governor's office in 1998. Barred from seeking a third term as mayor of Maui, Lingle was nominated by the Hawaiʻi Republican Party to run against incumbent Governor Benjamin J. Cayetano. Republican party members believed that Lingle was the best shot at the office and that 1998 would probably be the only chance the party would have of ever winning. Lingle capitalized on the anger of Hawaiʻi residents over the stagnant economy and their dissatisfaction with the strategies employed by the Democrats in attempt to solve the problem. Cayetano trailed in the media polls heading into the November election but on the evening of the election, Cayetano and Lingle were separated by a single percentage point forcing a recount. Lingle was defeated in the closest election in Hawaiʻi history.[8]

The state Democratic Party was accused of launching a whisper campaign alleging that Lingle was a lesbian, and that she would abolish Christmas as a state holiday.[9] Previously, Governor Cayetano had given state workers all of Christmas Eve day off, and other local government leaders followed suit – except then-Maui County Mayor Lingle, who said it would be too costly.

[edit] State party chair

Linda Lingle smashes a bottle of champagne against the sail of the USS Hawaii (SSN-776) during the ship's christening ceremony.

After being defeated, Lingle was elected chair of the Hawaiʻi Republican Party. She served from 1999 to 2002. During her tenure as party chair, Lingle overhauled party policies and gave the party a lift she believed was needed to make the party competitive in a historically Democratic Party-dominated state. Internal reforms proved successful and Lingle succeeded in electing more Republicans to seats in both houses of the Hawaiʻi State Legislature. At the peak of Republican success, the party held 19 of the 51 seats in the state House of Representatives. Party membership grew as younger people joined. Republicans gained a more youthful appearance and had reinvented itself informally as the new GOP Hawaiʻi. Lingle is a member of The Wish List, America's largest fundraising and campaign political action committee for Pro-choice Republican Women and The Republican Majority for Choice.

[edit] Governor of Hawaii

[edit] 2002 gubernatorial campaign

Main article: Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2002

Barred from seeking a third term, Cayetano announced his retirement from political service in 2002. Having become even more popular among Hawaii residents, Lingle was nominated as the Republican candidate for the office of Governor of Hawaii. As Hawaii Democrats nominated incumbent Lieutenant Governor Mazie K. Hirono, it was one of the few gubernatorial races in which both major candidates were women.

Lingle ran on her "Agenda for New Beginnings," a campaign platform developed to promote Republican leadership and highlight their criticisms of the previous 40 years of Democratic administration of the state. It also cited differences between Lingle's message and the previous, more conservative platforms which Hawaii Republicans had advocated.

Focusing less on her mayoral accomplishments and more on the message of reform, Lingle won the election alongside former state judge James Aiona, who became Lingle's lieutenant governor.

Lingle was the first state Governor-elect not to be inaugurated at the Coronation Pavilion on the grounds of Iolani Palace. She was inaugurated in the rotunda of the Hawaii State Capitol. She took the oath of office upon a Tanakh.

[edit] First term

Lingle signed into law the Three Strikes Law and Sex Offender Registry Website Law.[10] She vetoed the civil union law that was passed by a majority of both legislative branches.[11] In May 2004 Lingle led a delegation to Israel, paid for by the Israeli Government.[12][13]

Lingle enjoyed high approval ratings, usually around the 70 percent range[14] and spent much of 2004 campaigning for state legislative candidates (the legislature has a Democratic supermajority and she wanted to have enough members to block them from overriding her vetoes) and campaigned for President George W. Bush on the "mainland" (the contiguous states). With some polling late in the election showed Bush tied or narrowly leading Democrat John Kerry, Lingle attempted to help Republicans carry her state for the first time since 1984. Vice President Dick Cheney also campaigned in the state. Ultimately, not only did Kerry win the state, but Republicans lost five seats in the state legislature, reducing their presence to near single-digits and causing the Democrats to consider Lingle more vulnerable than they initially expected. In spite of their new confidence, Lingle was re-elected after her 2006 re-election campaign.

In education, she attempted to divide the State Board of Education into seven local school boards, but failed. One of the more controversial issues Lingle has championed is the practice of sending prisoners to the mainland, as opposed to building a new prison in Hawaii.[15]

[edit] 2006 gubernatorial election

Main article: Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2006

In 2006, Lingle announced her candidacy for re-election as Governor of Hawaiʻi. In the Democratic Party, many people were speculated to run, but many of them declined, including State Senator Colleen Hanabusa, then Senate President Bobby Bunda, former Congressman Ed Case (who ran for U.S. Senate), U.S. Congressman Neil Abercrombie, and Hawaii County Mayor Harry Kim. Despite the difficulty of finding an opponent for Lingle, former State Senator Randy Iwase decided to run for Governor. In the primary election he easily defeated Waianae Harbormaster William Aila Jr., and ended up with former Big Island State Senator Malama Solomon as his running mate. Over the course of the campaign, Iwase was considered an underdog who had only spent $340,000, compared to Lingle's $6 million; in his ads, he attacked Lingle over her relationship with President Bush. Governor Lingle won by the largest margin in state history, 63 percent to 35 percent.

[edit] Second term

In August 2007, the Hawaii Supreme Court invalidated a Lingle appointee's exemption of the Hawaii Superferry from having to undertake an environmental assessment before operating in Hawaii waters. The Superferry was an $80 million high-speed ferry. Despite the Court's ruling, the ferry sailed to Kauai without an environmental assessment. It was met by protesters on surfboards who turned the ferry back to Oahu. Lingle summoned a massive police and Coast Guard response. She told Kauai protesters that they would be charged under Hawaii's anti-terrorism laws if they continued to interfere with the Superferry's operation.[16] Lingle sought a legislative exemption from environmental law on behalf of a Superferry (known as Act Two). Several Maui groups, including the Sierra Club, Maui Tomorrow and the Kahului Harbor Coalition challenged the law as unconstitutional, citing a violation of separation of powers, and favoritism towards a single company.[16]

2008 Republican Convention

Lingle received national exposure when she delivered a primetime address on the third night of the 2008 Republican National Convention praising John McCain's choice of Alaska Governor Sarah Palin as his vice-presidential running-mate.[17] Lingle and Palin, both Republican women governors of non-contiguous states, are friends who grew acquainted through the Republican Governors Association.[17] Lingle's speech filled the role of the traditional address formally nominating the vice-presidential candidate, though Palin was not officially nominated until the next night.

Health care policies targeting legal immigrants and Compact of Free Association residents

In July of 2009, the Lingle Administration ended the Hawaiʻi Immigrant Health Initiative, a state program providing medical coverage for legal immigrants present in the United States for fewer than five years. This move included the elimination of all residents present in Hawaiʻi under the Compact of Free Association from QUEST, the state’s Medicaid coverage plan that assists the low income population in Hawaiʻi with their health care needs. Noting that such a policy likely constituted unlawful discrimination in violation of the Equal Protection Clause, federal district court judge John Michael Seabright issued a preliminary injunction against the implementation of the substituted health care plan.[18] Subsequent Governor Neil Abercrombie indicated that he may continue the State's appeal of the injunction to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. [19]

School furlough sit-in

On April 13, 2010, two student protesters who were occupying her office were arrested and criminal trespassing citations were issued to eight others.[20][21] The demonstrators were part of a sit-in to protest a school furlough policy implemented due to budget shortages.[22] The following day, April 14, two more protesters were arrested and citations were issued to five other protesters.[21]

Civil union veto

Lingle on July 6, 2010 vetoed Hawaii House Bill 444, which would have allowed for civil unions for couples in Hawaii, arguing the issue should be decided by referendum.[23] Young v. Lingle was filed in response to that veto.[24]

[edit] 2012 U.S. Senate election

Main article: United States Senate election in Hawaii, 2012

In October 2011, Lingle said on KSSK radio show that she will run for the open seat vacated by retiring U.S. Senator Daniel Akaka (D-HI).[2][3]

[edit] Personal life

Lingle was married and divorced twice. She married her first husband, Charles Lingle, while in college, in 1972. Upon leaving California for Hawaii, she divorced him in 1975 but kept the Lingle name. During her term as mayor of Maui County, Lingle divorced her second husband, Maui attorney William Crockett, to whom she was married from 1986 to 1997. Lingle is currently single and does not have any children.

Her uncle founded the Cutter Ford car dealerships in Hawaiʻi.[25]

Lingle is active in the Republican Jewish Coalition, serving as a speaker at events and otherwise using her role as the only Jewish Republican US governor. President George W. Bush appointed her to serve on the Honorary Delegation to accompany him to Jerusalem for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the State of Israel in May 2008.[26]

[edit] Electoral history

Hawaii Gubernatorial Election 1998
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ben Cayetano (incumbent) 204,206 50.11
Republican Linda Lingle 198,952 48.82
Libertarian George Peabody 4,398 1.08
Hawaii Gubernatorial Election 2002
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Linda Lingle 194,338 51.6
Democratic Mazie Hirono 177,186 47.0
Hawaii Gubernatorial Election 2006
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Linda Lingle (incumbent) 215,313 62.5 +10.9
Democratic Randy Iwase 121,717 35.4

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b "Other Hawai'i mayors who died in office". Honolulu Advertiser. June 23, 2008. http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2008/Jun/23/br/hawaii80623070.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "The late Hannibal Tavares won the mayor's seat in a special election in October 1979 to complete Cravalho's term. He became Maui's longest serving mayor, serving until Jan. 2, 1991." 
  2. ^ a b Blake, Aaron (October 11, 2011). "Chris Cillizza's The Fix: Former governor Linda Lingle to run for Senate in Hawaii". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/post/former-governor-linda-lingle-to-run-for-senate-in-hawaii/2011/10/11/gIQARlVYcL_blog.html. Retrieved 2011-10-18. 
  3. ^ a b DePledge, Derrick (October 11, 2011). "Lingle joins U.S. Senate race". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. http://www.staradvertiser.com/news/breaking/131499778.html. Retrieved 2011-10-18. 
  4. ^ "Women's Political Communication Archive – Linda Lingle". Iowa State University Carrie Chapman Catt Center. http://www.womenspeecharchive.org/women/profile/index.cfm?ProfileID=29&printfriendly=1. Retrieved January 10, 2012. 
  5. ^ Sten, Michael (May-June 2008). "10 Most Intriguing People". Maui Magazine. http://www.mauimagazine.net/Maui-Magazine/May-June-2008/10-Most-Intriguing-People/index.php?cparticle=6&siarticle=5. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Her achievements on Maui, where she gained high marks for performance-based budgeting and stimulating job growth, helped propel her to higher office—as Hawai‘i’s first female governor." 
  6. ^ "Linda Lingle". Jewish Virtual Library / The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/linglelinda.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Thanks to her leadership, Maui County received the "Government Finance Officers Association Distinguished Budget Presentation Award" for four consecutive years...." 
  7. ^ Dayton, Kevin (October 27, 2002). "The Lingle Record: Taxes, spending, growth advanced on her watch". The Honolulu Advertiser. http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/special/election2002/2002/Oct/27/ln/ln03a.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Lingle points out that Maui County led the state in job creation during her time as mayor, with the average monthly wage and salary job count increasing by more than 15 percent from 1990 to 1998. Statewide, the job count increased by only two-tenth of 1 percent during the same years. The job growth in Maui was led by hotels, which increased their employment by more than 19 percent, as well as in retailing and government." 
  8. ^ Gordon, Mike (July 2, 2006). "Linda Lingle". The Honolulu Advertiser. http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/150/sesq5lingle. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Lingle lost by the slimmest margin in Hawai'i history — 1.3 percent — prompting a recount that confirmed the results." 
  9. ^ "Lingle smear charge shouldn’t be dismissed". Honolulu Star-Bulletin Editorials. March 2, 1999. http://starbulletin.com/1999/03/02/editorial/editorials.html. Retrieved November 12, 2011. 
  10. ^ Herrick, Mark (May 2010). "A Tale of Two Women". California Republican League. http://republicanleague.org/2010/05/. Retrieved January 10, 2012. 
  11. ^ Ruby-Sachs, Ruby (July 7, 2010). "Lingle Vetoes Hawaii Civil Unions, Threatens Tax Base And Equal Rights". http://www.huffingtonpost.com/emma-rubysachs/lingle-vetoes-hawaii-civi_b_637418.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "The bill, supported by more than the majority of state house and senate representatives, barely failed to gather the two-thirds vote necessary in the senate (alone) to override a veto." 
  12. ^ Reyes, B.J. (May 11, 2004). "Lingle, Hawai'i delegation to visit Israel next week". The Honolulu Advertiser. Associated Press. http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/May/11/ln/ln29a.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "The Israeli government is paying all expenses for Lingle, Aiona, the governor's communications adviser Lenny Klompus, and half the expenses for Kunimoto and Koller." 
  13. ^ Dunford, Bruce (May 25, 2004). "Lingle backs Bush on Iraq, Israel policies". The Honolulu Advertiser. Associated Press. http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/May/25/ln/ln46a.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Lingle returned to her office yesterday after a weeklong trip — along with a 27-member delegation — to Israel, where she met with top leaders and discussed agricultural cooperation." 
  14. ^ McKinley, Jesse (2006). "The Hawaii Governor’s Race". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/ref/washington/raceprofile_HAWAIIGOV.html. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Ms. Lingle — who has regularly enjoyed approval ratings over 70 percent — is one of the least nervous Republicans around." 
  15. ^ Borreca, Richard (July 14, 2006). "Lingle ends push for new prisons". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. http://starbulletin.com/2006/07/14/news/story01.html. Retrieved November 12, 2011. 
  16. ^ a b Manders, Jerry; Paik, Koohan (March 16, 2009). "Surfers vs. the Superferry". The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/article/surfers-vs-superferry. Retrieved January 10, 2012. "Her purpose was to instruct people that if they repeated their protests, they would be charged under new anti-terrorism laws that carry prison terms up to five years and/or a $10,000 fine." 
  17. ^ a b Honolulu Advertiser. Lingle lauds 'truly authentic' Palin. Sept. 4, 2008.
  18. ^ Korab v. Koller, 2010 WL 4688824 (D. Haw Dec. 10, 2010) (“Defendants fail to show any particular State interest that is advanced by their decision to exclude COFA residents from the Old Programs. . . . [W]hile the court recognizes that BHH was created in response to the State's budget crisis, when applying strict scrutiny, the 'justification of limiting expenses is particularly inappropriate and unreasonable when the discriminated class consists of aliens'”). ; see also Judge Dismisses Hawaii’s Request for Dismissal of Suit against Basic Health Hawaii("Micronesian community representatives reported that elimination of medical benefits has impacted many, including 27 who have died since Sept. 1, 2009")
  19. ^ Korab v. Koller, Civ. No. 10-c00483-JMS-KSC (Jan. 10, 2011)
  20. ^ "Protestors arrested at Governor Lingle's office". Hawaii News Now. April 14,2010. http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/global/story.asp?s=12307143. Retrieved November 12, 2011. 
  21. ^ a b "2 Hawaii protesters arrested, 8 others ticketed for school furlough sit-in". Honolulu Star Advertiser. April 13, 2010. http://www.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/20100413/BREAKING01/100413055/Two+arrested++8+others+cited+on+day+7+of+furlough+sit-in. Retrieved November 12, 2011. 
  22. ^ The Associated Press. Parents Issued Citations at Hawaii Furlough Sit-In. April 10, 2010.
  23. ^ Sample, Herbert A. (July 7, 2010). "Hawaii governor vetoes same-sex civil unions bill". Associated Press. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/hawaii-governor-vetoes-same-565383.html. Retrieved July 7, 2010. [dead link]
  24. ^ "Groups File Lawsuit Over Civil Unions Veto". KITV. July 29, 2010. http://www.kitv.com/news/24442795/detail.html. Retrieved 30 July 2010. 
  25. ^ Borreca, Richard (July 13, 1998). "In Their Words: Linda Lingle". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. http://starbulletin.com/98/07/13/news/story2.html. Retrieved November 12, 2011. 
  26. ^ Lake, Eli (May 13, 2008). "Bush Visit May Boost Olmert". The New York Sun. http://www.nysun.com/foreign/bush-visit-may-boost-olmert/76303/. Retrieved November 12, 2011. 

[edit] External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Ben Cayetano		 Governor of Hawaii
2002–2010		 Succeeded by
Neil Abercrombie
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