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Lisch nodules)
Lisch nodules on surface of iris.
A Lisch nodule is a pigmented hamartomatous nevus (a type of benign tumor) affecting the iris,[1] named after Austrian ophthalmologist Karl Lisch (1907-1999), who first recognized them in 1937.[2]
These nodules are found in neurofibromatosis type 1, and are present in greater than 94% of patients over the age of six.[1] They are clear, yellow-brown,[3] oval to round, dome-shaped papules that project from the surface of the iris. These nodules typically do not affect vision, but are very useful in diagnosis.[1] They are detected by slit lamp examination. [3] Immunohistochemistry stains positive against vimentin and S-100, and points to an ectodermal origin.[2] Their precise origin and structure, however, is still under debate.[3] They are not found in neurofibromatosis type 2.
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[edit] References
- ^ a b c Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Fausto, Nelso; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K.; Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier Saunders. p. 169. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
- ^ a b Lukacs, Andreas; Junk, Anna K.; Fritz, Stefani H.; Kampik, Anselm; Georg, Schirren Carl; Plewig, Gerd (1997), "Lisch nodules. Markers of neurofibromatosis 1 and immunohistochemical references for neuroectodermal differentiation", Hautarzt 48 (1): 38–41, doi:10.1007/s001050050544, PMID 9132386, http://www.springerlink.com/content/gl49atrh5lff517r/?p=76057c4c0e29493ca59de8093e27009e
- ^ a b c Richetta, A.; Giustini, A.; Recupero, S. M.; Pezza, M.; Carlomagno, C.; Amoruso, G.; Calvieri, S. (2004), "Lisch nodules of the iris in neurofibromatosis type 1", Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venerology 18 (3): 342–4, doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00915.x, PMID 15096151, http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/118788235/PDFSTART
