List of National Parks of Canada
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of National Parks of Canada. Canadian National Parks preserve both spectacular and representative areas of the country, located in every one of the nation's 13 provinces and territories. The goal of the national park service is to create a system of protected areas which represent all the distinct natural regions of the country.[1] Parks Canada – the governing and administration body for the system – has developed a plan identifying 39 different regions it aims to represent. As of 2005, Parks Canada reports that the system is more than 60% complete. Canada's parks are managed primarily to protect the ecological integrity of the park, and secondarily to allow the public to explore, learn about and enjoy Canada's natural spaces.[1] As of 2005, feasibility studies have been undertaken for establishing further national parks in four areas: Wolf Lake in Yukon, South Okanagan-Lower Similkameen in British Columbia, Manitoba Lowlands (north-western Lake Winnipeg) and Mealy Mountains in Labrador.[2]
As of 2008, there are 36 National Parks and six National Park Reserves. Not included among the total is Kluane National Park and Reserve, which is considered both a National Park and a Reserve. This list also includes the country's three National Marine Conservation Areas (NMCAs), the lone National Landmark, and two future parks.
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[edit] National Parks and National Park Reserves
A National Park Reserve is an area that has been set aside with the intention of becoming a national park, pending the settlement of native land claims. Until then, they are managed as national parks under the National Parks Act.[3]
World Heritage Site or part of a World Heritage Site
[edit] Future National Parks and National Park Reserves
| Name | Location | Area |
|---|---|---|
| Naats'ihch'oh National Park Reserve[4] | Northwest Territories | 7,600 km2 (2,934 sq mi) |
| Thaydene Nene National Park[5] | Northwest Territories | Approx. 33,000 km2 (12,741 sq mi)[6] |
[edit] Abolished National Parks
| Name | Location | Established | Abolished |
|---|---|---|---|
| Buffalo National Park[7] | Alberta | 1909 | 1947 |
| Menissawok National Park[8] | Saskatchewan | 1922 | 1930 |
| Nemiskam National Park[7] | Alberta | 1914 | 1947 |
| Wawaskesy National Park[9] | Alberta | 1922 | 1938 |
[edit] National Marine Conservation Areas
National Marine Conservation Areas (NMCAs) are a relatively new addition to the park system. These areas have a different mandate than their terrestrial counterparts. They are designed for sustainable use, although they usually also contain areas designed to protect ecological integrity.[10] The government has announced plans to add five more Marine parks to the system as part of the Marine Conservation Areas Act. The first to be officially announced was Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area, although a date of opening has not yet been revealed. Other areas under negotiation are the southern Strait of Georgia and Gwaii Haanas in British Columbia and there are discussions to study the feasibility of an area on the southern coast of Newfoundland.[11]
| Name | Location | Area | Established |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fathom Five National Marine Park | Ontario | 112 km2 (43 sq mi) | 1987 |
| Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area | Ontario | 10,000 km2 (3,861 sq mi)[12] | 2007 |
| Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park | Quebec | 1,246 km2 (481 sq mi)[13] | 1998 |
[edit] National Landmark
In addition to national parks, a National Landmarks program was established in 1978 but has not yet been expanded beyond a single property. Landmarks were intended to protect specific natural features considered "outstanding, exceptional, unique, or rare to this country. These natural features would typically be isolated entities and of scientific interest."[14]
| Name | Location | Area | Established |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pingo National Landmark | Northwest Territories | 16 km2 (6 sq mi) | 1984 |
[edit] See also
Provincial parks are administered and funded by the provincial governments, however some provincial parks are categorized as national parks (Category II) under the IUCN's Protected Area Management Categories.
- List of Canadian provincial parks
- List of Alberta provincial parks
- List of British Columbia provincial parks
- List of Ontario Parks (national and provincial)
- List of Quebec national parks (provincial parks in Quebec are called "national" parks by the provincial government)
- List of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in Canada
- List of national historic sites of Canada.
[edit] Notes
- ^ A. South Moresby National Park Reserve was created July 12, 1988, with the signing of the South Moresby Agreement; renamed Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site on February 28, 1996. Includes SGaang Gwaii (Anthony Island) World Heritage Site.[15]
- ^ B. Established as Northern Yukon National Park in 1984, renamed Ivvavik National Park in 1992.[16]
- ^ C. Kluane National Park Reserve was established in 1972. Subsequently, a large eastern portion of the Reserve became Kluane National Park.
- ^ D. In 2007, the government announced that 29,000 km2 (11,197 sq mi) of land would be added to Nahanni, making it 33,766 km2 (13,037 sq mi). However, these changes have not been fully implemented yet.[17]
- ^ E. Ellesmere Island National Park Reserve was established in 1988, renamed Quttinirpaaq in 1999 and became a national park in 2000.[18]
- ^ F. Riding Mountain National Park was designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1986.[19]
- ^ G. Glacier National Park is part of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, a World Heritage Site.
[edit] References
- General
- "National Parks of Canada". Parks Canada. http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/np-pn/recherche-search_e.asp?p=1. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- "National Marine Conservation Areas of Canada". Parks Canada. http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/amnc-nmca/recherche-search_e.asp?m=1. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- "Canada's National Parks and National Park Reserves". The Canadian Encyclopedia. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=a1ARTa0009259. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- "Great Canadian Parks Index". Canadian Online Explorer. http://www.greatcanadianparks.com/gc_parks/Canada/parks.html. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- Specific
- ^ a b "National Parks of Canada - Introduction". Parks Canada. http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/np-pn/intro/index_e.asp. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "National Parks of Canada - Creating New National Parks of Canada". Parks Canada. http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/np-pn/cnpn-cnnp/index_e.asp. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Backgrounder - Working toward the creation of Nááts’ihch’oh National Park Reserve". Parks Canada. 2008-04-07. http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/cp-nr/release_e.asp?bgid=972&andor1=bg. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Canada getting new national park in Northwest Territories". Canadian Press. 2008-04-07. http://canadianpress.google.com/article/ALeqM5hwjWL4jIjBRCXWy4v6yfhBE5VDpw. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Ottawa, Dene agree to create vast national park". CBC News. 2006-10-14. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/10/14/nwt-park.html. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Nature Canada Applauds Federal Government’s Renewed Commitment to National Park System". Nature Canada. 2006-10-16. http://www.naturecanada.ca/newsroom_oct_17_06_NPs.asp. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ a b Federation of Alberta Naturalists, Fish and Wildlife Historical Society (2005). Fish, Fur & Feathers: Fish and Wildlife Conservation in Alberta 1905-2005. Nature books of Alberta. p. 100. ISBN 0969613474.
- ^ "Significant events in the history of Parks Canada". Canadian Geographic. http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/MA03/Etcetera/parkstimeline.asp. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Project Update: Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands". University of Alberta. http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/bsc/news17_2/grasslands.htm. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "National Marine Conservation Areas of Canada". Parks Canada. http://www.pc.gc.ca/progs/amnc-nmca/intro/index_e.asp. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ Ditchburn, Jennifer (2007-10-24). "PM expected to unveil marine conservation area". Toronto Star. http://www.thestar.com/News/article/270200. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Harper announces creation of protected marine park". CBC News. 2007-10-25. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2007/10/25/harper-marine.html. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Registre des aires protégées du Québec" (PDF). Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs du Québec. http://www.mddep.gouv.qc.ca/biodiversite/aires_protegees/registre/reg-design/05Milieu-marin.pdf. Retrieved on 2008-04-27.
- ^ "Pingo Canadian Landmark - Park Management". Parks Canada. http://www.pc.gc.ca/docs/v-g/pingo/sec6/index_e.asp. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site". The Canadian Encyclopedia. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0010322. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Ivvavik National Park". The Canadian Encyclopedia. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0010121. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Tories' expansion of Nahanni park praised". CTV Television Network. 2007-08-08. http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070808/harper_arctic_070808/20070808?hub=Canada. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Quttinirpaaq National Park". The Canadian Encyclopedia. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0010119. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
- ^ "Biosphere Reserve Information - Canada - Riding Mountain". UNESCO. http://www.unesco.org/mabdb/br/brdir/directory/biores.asp?code=CAN+04&mode=all. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
[edit] External links
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