List of communist parties
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There are a number of Communist parties active in various countries across the world, and a number who used to be active. The formation of Communist parties in various countries was first initiated by the formation of the Communist Third International by the Russian Bolsheviks. Undoubtedly the most important of these parties were those of the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China.
Some Communist parties have names such as Workers World Party, Socialist Party, Progressive Party, etc. Most, but not all, of the parties on this list are those that were aligned with either Moscow or Beijing during the Cold War and their offshoots. Groups currently and exclusively participating in the Trotskyist tradition are not included in the listing.
See also: World Communist Movement, List of left-wing internationals, List of Trotskyist internationals, List of members of the Comintern, List of left communist internationals, List of political parties
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[edit] Ruling parties
In the following countries, the Communist parties either lead the ruling coalition or hold monopoly on state power.
China – Communist Party of China leads the United Front
Cyprus – Progressive Party of Working People – leads the ruling coalition
Cuba – Communist Party of Cuba
Laos – Lao People's Revolutionary Party
Nepal – Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) and Communist Party of Nepal (United) lead the governing coalition.
Vietnam – Communist Party of Vietnam – leads the Vietnamese Fatherland Front
[edit] Communist parties as part of other ruling coalition
In Cyprus, the ruling Communist party didn't come to power by fommenting a successful revolution, but ratherby being elected to power and thus operate according to the norms of a multi-party system. In Nepal, the ruling Communist parties participate in a multi-party coalition government, an alliance of 22 parties that holds 350 seats in the 601-member constituent assembly. There are also some parties that participate as junior partners in ruling coalitions, as listed below.
Brazil – Communist Party of Brazil – participates in the ruling coalition
Peru – Peruvian Communist Party – participates in the ruling coalition
South Africa – South African Communist Party – participates in the ruling coalition
Sri Lanka – Communist Party of Sri Lanka – participates in the ruling coalition
Syria – Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash), Syrian Communist Party (Faisal) – participates in the ruling coalition
Ukraine – Communist Party of Ukraine – participates in the ruling coalition
Uruguay – Communist Party of Uruguay – participates in the ruling coalition
[edit] Formerly ruling
Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of (1978–1992) -People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
Albania, People's Socialist Republic of (1944–1991) - Albanian Party of Labour
Angola, People's Republic of (1975–1992) - abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy - Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
Benin, People's Republic of (1975–1990) - People's Revolutionary Party of Benin
Bulgaria, People's Republic of (1944–1990) - Bulgarian Communist Party (known from 1938 to 1948 as the Bulgarian Workers Party)
Chile (1970–1973) - Communist Party of Chile – participated in the ruling coalition
Czechoslovak Republic (1948–1989) - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Ethiopia, People's Democratic Republic (1974–1991) - Workers' Party of Ethiopia
German Democratic Republic (East Germany) (1949–1990) - Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Hungarian Soviet Republic (1919) - Hungarian Communist Party
Hungarian People's Republic (1949–1990) - Hungarian Working People's Party, Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
Kampuchea, "Democratic" (1976–1979) (in coalition 1975-1976) - Khmer Rouge
Kampuchea, People's Republic (1979–1993) - Cambodian People's Party
Lithuanian-Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919) - Communist Party (bolsheviks) of Lithuania and Belorussia
Moldova, Republic of (2001–2009) – Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova – lead the ruling coalition
Mongolian People's Republic (1924–1992) - Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
Mozambique, People's Republic of (1975–1992) abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy - FRELIMO
Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1948–1992) – Korean Workers' Party – leads the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland – abandoned Marxism-Leninism for Juche
Poland, People's Republic of (1948–1952) - Polish United Workers Party
Romania, Socialist Republic of (1947–1989) - Romanian Communist Party
Republic of San Marino (1945–1957) - Sammarinese Communist Party
Soviet Union (1922–1991) - Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Ukrainian SSR (1918) - Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine, became part of the Russian Communist Party (bolshevik)
Yemen, People's Democratic Republic of (1969–1990) - Yemeni Socialist Party
Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of (1943–1990) - League of Communists of Yugoslavia
[edit] Modern (Non ruling)
Afghanistan - Democratic Party of Afghanistan, All Nation Movement for Democracy and Progress of Afghanistan
Albania - Communist Party of Albania
Algeria - Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism
Argentina - Communist Party of Argentina, Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina
Armenia - Armenian Communist Party, United Communist Party of Armenia
Australia - Communist Party of Australia, Communist Party of Australia (Marxist-Leninist)
Austria - Communist Party of Austria, Communist Initiative
Azerbaijan - Azerbaijan Communist Party, Reformist Communist Party of Azerbaijan, United Communist Party of Azerbaijan and Azerbaijan Communist Party (on Platform of Marxism-Leninism)
Bahrain - National Liberation Front of Bahrain
Bangladesh - Communist Party of Bangladesh, Workers Party of Bangladesh, Socialist Party of Bangladesh (BASOD)
Belarus - Communist Party of Belarus
Belgium - Kommunistische Partij, Parti Communiste, Workers Party of Belgium
Bhutan - Bhutan Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
Bosnia and Herzegovina - Workers' Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina- Brazil - Brazilian Communist Party
Bulgaria - Communist Party of Bulgaria
Burma - Communist Party of Burma (illegal)
Canada - Communist Party of Canada, Communist Party of Quebec, Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist)- Chile - Communist Party of Chile and Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)
Colombia - Colombian Communist Party, Clandestine Colombian Communist Party
Costa Rica - Popular Vanguard Party, Costa Rican People's Party
Croatia - Socialist Labour Party of Croatia (among other left movements, it represents Croatia's Eurocommunists and New left)
Czech Republic - Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia
Denmark - Enhedslisten
Dominican Republic - Force of the Revolution
Ecuador - Communist Party of Ecuador, Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador, Workers' Party of Ecuador
Egypt - Communist Party of Egypt
Finland - Communist Party of Finland, For Peace and Socialism - Communist Workers Party, League of Communists
France - French Communist Party, Pole of Communist Rebirth in France, Workers Communist Party of France
Georgia - Communist Party of Georgia, Georgian United Communist Party, New Communist Party of Georgia
Germany - German Communist Party, Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany, Communist Party of Germany, Communist Platform (Part of Left Party)
Greece - Communist Party of Greece (KKE)- Guadeloupe - Guadeloupe Communist Party
Hungary - Hungarian Communist Workers' Party
India - Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India (Maoist), Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist), Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Democracy, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Kanu Sanyal)
Iran - Tudeh Party of Iran
Iraq - Iraqi Communist Party, Iraqi Communist Party - Cadre, Iraqi Communist Party - Central Command[1]
Ireland - Communist Party of Ireland, Workers' Party of Ireland
Israel - Communist Party of Israel which dominates the Democratic Front for Peace and Equality (Hadash)
Italy - Communist Refoundation Party, Party of Italian Communists, Italian Marxist-Leninist Party
Japan - Japanese Communist Party
Jordan - Communist Party of Jordan, Jordanian Democratic People's Party, Communist Workers' Party of Jordan
Kazakhstan - Communist Party of Kazakhstan, People's Communist Party of Kazakhstan
Kurdistan (autonomous region) - Kurdistan Communist Party, Kurdistan Workers Party - illegal
Kyrgyzstan - Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan, Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan
Latvia – Socialist Party of Latvia
Lebanon - Lebanese Communist Party
Lesotho - Communist Party of Lesotho
Libya - Libyan Communist Party
Luxembourg - Communist Party of Luxemburg
Malta - Communist Party of Malta- Martinique - Communist Party of Martinique
Mexico - Popular Socialist Party, Party of Mexican Communists- Moldova – Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova
Mongolia - Mongolian Communist Party[2]
Montenegro - League of Communists of Yugoslavia - Communists of Montenegro, New Communist Party of Montenegro
Morocco - Annahj Addimocrati
Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognized country) - Communist Party of Nagorno Karabakh
Netherlands - New Communist Party of the Netherlands
New Zealand - Socialist Party of Aotearoa, Workers Party of New Zealand
Norway - Communist Party of Norway, Red
Palestine - Palestinian People's Party, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
Panama - People's Party of Panama
Paraguay - Paraguayan Communist Party
Pakistan - Communist Mazdoor Kisan Party, Communist Party of Pakistan- Peru - Communist Party of Peru (Red Fatherland), Communist Party of Peru, Shining Path
Philippines - Communist Party of the Philippines, Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930- Poland - Communist Party of Poland
Portugal - Portuguese Communist Party, Communist Party of the Portuguese Workers - Reorganizative Movement of the Party of the Proletariat- Réunion - Communist Party of Réunion
Romania - Asociatia Romania Muncitoare , Comitetul Central de Organizare al Partidului U.C.R (Uniunea Comunistilor Romani)
Russia - Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Communist Workers Party of Russia, All-Union Communist Party Bolsheviks- San Marino - San Marino Communist Refoundation
Serbia - New Communist Party of Yugoslavia, Party of Communists of Serbia, Party of Labour (Serbia)
Senegal - Party of Independence and Labour
Slovakia - Communist Party of Slovakia, Dawn
Spain - Communist Party of Spain, Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain
Sudan - Communist Party of the Sudan
Sweden - Communist Party of Sweden, Socialist Justice Party, Workers' Party (Sweden), Workers' Party (Sweden)
Switzerland - Swiss Party of Labour- Sri Lanka - Communist Party of Sri Lanka
Taiwan - Taiwan Communist Party, Communist Party of Republic of China
Tajikistan - Communist Party of Tajikistan
Transnistria (unrecognized country) - Pridnestrovie Communist Party, Communist Party of Pridnestrovie
Tunisia - Tunisian Workers' Communist Party (PCOT)
Turkey - Communist Party of Turkey (TKP), Marxist-Leninist Communist Party
Turkmenistan - Communist Party of Turkmenistan - illegal- Ukraine - Communist Party of Ukraine, Communist Party of Ukraine (renewed), Marxist-Leninist Party of Ukraine
United Kingdom - Communist Party of Britain, Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) Communist Party of Britain (Marxist-Leninist), Communist Party of Scotland, New Communist Party of Britain, Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist-Leninist), Communist League of Great Britain, Revolutionary Communist Group, Spartacist League of Britain
United States - Workers World Party, Freedom Road Socialist Organization, Progressive Labor Party, U.S. Marxist-Leninist Organization, Revolutionary Communist Party, Workers Party, Party for Socialism and Liberation, Communist Party USA, Socialist Workers Party (Trotskyist)
Uzbekistan - Communist Party of Uzbekistan - illegal[3]
Venezuela - Communist Party of Venezuela
[edit] Former
- Afghanistan - Parcham faction of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, became Democratic Watan Party of Afghanistan
- Albania - Party of Labour of Albania, became Socialist Party of Albania
- Brazil - Brazilian Communist Party, became Popular Socialist Party
- Bulgaria - Bulgarian Communist Party, became Bulgarian Socialist Party
- Cambodia - Cambodian People's Party
- Estonia - Communist Party of Estonia, Communist Party of Estonia (on CPSU platform)
- Ethiopia - All-Ethiopian Socialist Movement
- Germany (East) - Socialist Unity Party of Germany, became Party of Democratic Socialism, and is now known as "The Left".
- Hungary - Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, became Hungarian Socialist Party
- Iceland - Popular Alliance
- Italy - Italian Communist Party, became the Democratic Party of the Left, which later merged into the Democrats of the Left, which in turn merged into the Democratic Party
- Mongolia - Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
- Nicaragua - Socialist Party of Nicaragua
- Sweden - Left Party - Communists, became Left Party
- Palestine - Palestine Communist Party, became Palestinian People's Party
- Poland - Polish United Workers Party, became Alliance of the Democratic Left
- Romania - Communist Party of Romania, became National Salvation Front the descendants of which are Democratic Liberal Party and Social Democratic Party
- San Marino - Communist Party of San Marino, became Party of Democrats
- Tunisia - Tunisian Communist Party, became Movement for Renewal
- Yemen - Yemeni Socialist Party
[edit] Defunct (ruling)
- Czechoslovakia - Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic branch became Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia and Slovak branch became the Party of the Democratic Left
- Soviet Union - Communist Party of the Soviet Union, previously the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
- Yugoslavia - League of Communists of Yugoslavia
[edit] Defunct (non-ruling)
- Armenia - Armenian Workers Communist Party, Armenian Workers Union, Marxist Party of Armenia, Union of Communists of Armenia, Renewed Communist Party of Armenia
- Australia - Communist Party of Australia
- Britain - Communist Party of Great Britain
- Brazil - Revolutionary Brazilian Communist Party
- Canada - Labour-Progressive Party founded in 1943 when Communist Party of Canada was banned (resumed former name in 1959), Workers' Communist Party of Canada
- Channel Islands - Communist Party of Jersey
- Republic of China (Taiwan) - Taiwanese Communist Party
- Cuba - Popular Socialist Party, joined Cuban Communist Party
- El Salvador - Communist Party of El Salvador, merged into the FMLN
- Free Territory of Trieste - Communist Party of the Free Territory of Trieste, merged into the Italian Communist Party
- Georgia - Revived Communist Party of Georgia, Georgian Workers Communist Party
- Germany - Spartacist League formed in 1918 and became the Communist Party of Germany
- Germany (West) - Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin, Communist Party of Germany (banned 1956 in West Germany)
- Guatemala - Guatemalan Party of Labour, merged into the URNG
- Haiti - Unified Party of Haitian Communists, merged into the National Reconstruction Movement in 1990
- Honduras - Communist Party of Honduras, merged into the Partido Renovación Patriótica
- Iceland - Communist Party of Iceland
- Indonesia - Communist Party of Indonesia
- Ireland - Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist-Leninist)
- Israel - Maki (1948–1973) split in 1965 with formation of largely Arab Rakah which changed its name to Maki in 1989.
- Italy - Communist Party of Italy
- Lebanon - Lebanese People's Party
- Malaysia - Malayan Communist Party, North Kalimantan Communist Party
- Mexico - Mexican Communist Party, Marxist-Leninist Centre in Mexico
- Namibia - Communist Party of Namibia
- Netherlands - Communist Party of the Netherlands merged into GroenLinks in 1989
- New Zealand - Communist Party of New Zealand, Socialist Unity Party
- Nigeria - Socialist Workers and Farmers Party of Nigeria
- Norway - Workers' Communist Party merged into Rødt
- Palestine - Communist Party of Palestine (1921–1948)
- Poland - Communist Party of Poland
- Saudi Arabia - Communist Party in Saudi Arabia
- Tatarstan - Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
- Thailand - Communist Party of Thailand
- United States - Communist Party Marxist-Leninist, May 19th Communist Movement, Communist Workers Party, Black Panther Party, Communist Labor Party
[edit] See also
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