List of Hungarian Jews

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This is a list of Hungarian Jews. There has been a Jewish presence in today's Hungary since Roman times (bar a brief expulsion during the Black Death), long before the actual Hungarian nation. Jews fared particularly well under the Ottoman Empire, and after emancipation in 1867. At its height, the Jewish population of historical Hungary numbered more than 900,000, but the Holocaust and emigration, especially during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, has reduced that to around 100,000, most of whom live in Budapest and its suburbs.

This is a list of anyone who could be reliably described as "Hungarian" and is of significant Jewish heritage (ethnic or religious). See List of Hungarian Americans for descendents of Hungarian émigrés born in America, a significant number of whom are of Jewish ancestry.

Please note the names are presented in the Western European convention of the given name preceding the family name, whereas in Hungary, the reverse is true, as in most Asian cultres.

Contents

[edit] Historical figures

[edit] Religious Figures

See Hungarian-Jewish Religious Figures

[edit] Inventors, Scientists

[edit] Nobel Prize Winners

Seven out of the ten Nobel prize winners who were born in Hungary were Jewish. This number does not include Robert Bárány, who was born in Vienna, John Polanyi, who was born in Berlin, while Elie Wiesel was born in Sighet, belonging to Romania after the first world war. Avram Hershko was born in Karcag, Hungary, while the remaining six Nobel prize winners on the list were born in Budapest.

[edit] Olympic Gold Medalists at the Summer Games

Before the Holocaust.

Hungarian Jews, while comprising some 5% of the population of Hungary, won 8 individual gold medals for Hungary out of 26 (30.8%) in the Olympic sports events between 1896 and 1936. In each of the 7 gold winning teams, there were Hungarian Jews making up 35.8% of the teams (19 out of 53 team members).

After the Holocaust, 1948-1972.

After the Holocaust, less than 1% of the population of Hungary remained of Jewish heritage. In individual sports events, Hungary won 48 gold medals between 1948 and 1972. Sportsmen and mainly sportswomen of Jewish extraction won 10 gold medals (20.8%). Hungarian Jewish women won 7 gold medals out of the 15 individual gold medals won by Hungarian women. In the 19 gold medal winning teams for Hungary, 9 had Jewish members.

There are no known Hungarian Jewish gold medalist since 1976. Overall, Hungarian Jews won 15.4% of the 117 individual gold medals of Hungary, and had part in at least 16 out of the 42 gold medals in team events.

Period 1896-1912 1924-1936 1948-1956 1960-1972 1976-1992 (1984 excluded) 1996-2008
# of Olympics 5 4 3 4 4 4
Total Golds 442 482 440 684 903 1172
Hungarian Golds 11 22 35 32 33 26
Hungarian/total World 2.49% 4.56% 7.95% 4.68% 3.65% 2.22%
Hungarian Individual Gold 9 17 26 22 27 16
Hungarian Jewish Individual 5 3 6 4 0 0
Jewish/total individual Hungarian 55.56% 17.65% 23.08% 18.18% 0% 0%
Jews in Gold Teams 57.14% = 8/14 28.21%= 11/39
Jews in population 5.0 % (1910) 5.12% (1930) 1.45% (1949) 0.13% (2001)


1896

    Alfred Hajós-Guttman (2) swimming, 100-meter freestyle, 1,500-meter freestyle

1906

    Henrik Hajós-Guttman, swimming, 800-meter freestyle relay

1908

    Dezső Földes, fencing, team saber
    Dr.Jenő Fuchs (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber    
    Dr. Oszkár Gerde, fencing, team saber
    Lajos Werkner, fencing, team saber
    Richard Weisz, Greco-Roman wrestling, heavyweight

1912

    Dezső Földes, fencing, team saber
    Dr.Jenő Fuchs (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber    
    Dr. Oszkár Gerde, fencing, team saber
    Lajos Werkner, fencing, team saber

1924

    Alfred Hajós, Olympic art competition, architecture

1928

    János Garay, fencing, team saber
    Dr.Sándor Gombos, fencing, team saber
    Attila Petschauer, fencing, team saber
    Dr. Ferenc Mező, Olympic art competition, epic works

1932

    István Barta, water polo
    György Brody, water polo
    Miklós Sárkány, water polo
    Endre Kabos, fencing, team saber
    Attila Petschauer, fencing, team saber

1936

    György Bródy, water polo
    Miklos Sárkány, water polo
    Endre Kabos (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
    Ilona Elek, individual foil
    Károly Kárpáti, freestyle wrestling, lightweight

1948

    Ilona Elek, individual foil

1952

    Robert Antal, water polo
    György Kárpáti, water polo
    Dezső Gyarmati, water polo
    Sándor Gellér, soccer
    Ágnes Keleti, gymnastics, floor exercises
    Éva Székely, swimming, 200-meter breaststroke

1956

    Ágnes Keleti (4)
        gymnastics, asymmetrical bars, floor exercises, balance beam, 
        team exercise with portable apparatus
    Aliz Kertész, gymnastics, team exercise with portable apparatus
    György Kárpáti, water polo
    László Fábián, kayak pairs, 10,000-meters

1960

    Gyula Török, boxing, flyweight

1964

    Tamás Gábor, fencing, team epee
    György Kárpáti, water polo
    Ildikó Rejtő (2), fencing, individual and team foil  
    Árpád Orbán, soccer

1968

    Mihály Hesz,  kayak, K1 1000m

1972

    Sándor Erdős, fencing team epee
    Gyorgy Gedó, boxing, light flyweight

[edit] Mathematicians

[edit] Physicists

[edit] Chess Players

[edit] Psychoanalysts

[edit] Historians

[edit] Social scientists

[edit] Films and stage


[edit] Hungarian Actors

[edit] Conductors

[edit] Composers

[edit] Performers of Music

[edit] Musicians

[edit] Writers

[edit] Artists

[edit] Business

[edit] Industrialists and Bankers in Hungary

Lipót Aschner (Tungsram - incandescent lamps), Móricz Fischer (china-factory in Herend in 1839), Leó Goldberger (textile), Manfred Weisz, (heavy industry), Leó Lánczy, Jenő Vida, Ferenc Chorin, Wolfner. Mauthner,, Fülöp Weisz, Kornfeld, Kohner, Korányi, Ullman .

[edit] Families ennobled between 1874 and 1918 (mainly industrialists)

  • Biedermann 1902
  • Dirsztay 1905
  • Groedl 1900
  • Gutmann 1905
  • Harkányi 1904
  • Hatvany 1917
  • Hatvany-Deutsch 1895
  • Hazai 1912
  • Herczel 1912
  • Herzog 1904
  • Kohner 1904
  • Korányi 1912
  • Kornfeld 1908
  • Königswarter 1897
  • Kuffner 1904
  • Lévay 1897
  • Madarassy-Beck 1906
  • Nauman 1906
  • Ohrenstein 1913
  • Orosdy 1905
  • Schosberger 1890
  • Tornyai-Schosberger 1905
  • Ulmann 1918
  • Weiss 1918
  • Wodianer 1874
  • Wolfner 1918

[27]

[edit] Sports

[edit] Boxing

[edit] Canoeing

  • László Fábián, sprint canoer, Olympic champion (K-2 10,000 meter), 4x world champion (3x K-2 10,000 meter and 1x K-4 10,000 meter) and one silver (K-4 10,000 meter)[28]
  • Imre Farkas, sprint canoer, 2x Olympic bronze (C-2 1,000 and 10,000 meter)[29]
  • Klára Fried-Bánfalvi, sprint canoer, Olympic bronze (K-2 500 m), world champion (K-2 500 m)[30]
  • Anna Pfeffer, sprint canoer, Olympic 2x silver (K-2 500 m), bronze (K-1 500 m); world champion (K-2 500 m), silver (K-4 500 m), 2x bronze (K-2 500)[31]

[edit] Fencing

[edit] Figure Skating

[edit] Gymnastics

  • Samu Fóti, Olympic silver (team combined exercises)
  • Imre Gellért, Olympic silver (team combined exercises)
  • Ágnes Keleti, 5x Olympic champion (2x floor exercises, asymmetrical bars, floor exercises, balance beam, team exercise with portable apparatus), 3x silver (2x team combined exercises, individual combined exercises), 2x bronze (asymmetrical bars, team exercises with portable apparatus), International Gymnastics Hall of Fame[35]
  • Alice Kertész, Olympic champion (team, portable apparatus), silver (team); world silver (team)[36]

[edit] Soccer (Association Football)

[edit] Swimming

  • Andrea Gyarmati, Olympic silver (100-m backstroke) and bronze (100-m butterfly); world championships bronze (200-m backstroke), International Swimming Hall of Fame[39]
  • Alfréd Hajós (born "Arnold Guttmann"), 3x Olympic champion (100-m freestyle, 800-m freestyle relay, 1,500-m freestyle), International Swimming Hall of Fame[35]
  • Michael "Miki" Halika, Israel, 200-m butterfly, 200- and 400-m individual medley
  • József Munk, Olympic silver (4x200-m freestyle relay)
  • László Szabados, Olympic bronze (4x200-m freestyle relay)
  • András Székely, Olympic silver (200-m breaststroke) and bronze (4x200-m freestyle relay); died in a Nazi concentration camp
  • Éva Székely, Olympic champion & silver (200-m breaststroke); International Swimming Hall of Fame; mother of Andrea Gyarmati[39]
  • Judit Temes, Olympic champion (4×100-m freestyle), bronze (100-m freestyle)[40]
  • Imre Zachár, Olympic silver (4x200-m freestyle relay)

[edit] Table Tennis

[edit] Tennis

[edit] Track and Field

[edit] Water Polo

[edit] Wrestling

  • Károly Kárpáti (also "Károly Kellner"), Olympic champion (freestyle lightweight), silver

[edit] Other Sports

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "He was a devout Jew"
  2. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica
  3. ^ Jewish Biomedical Scientists Bot generated title
  4. ^ Views of a Physicist: selected papers of N.G. van Kampen - Page 233 - Parents were Lutheran by religion
  5. ^ http://www.math.technion.ac.il/hat/people/obits/grunwald.html
  6. ^ http://www.boku.ac.at/MATH/udt/vol03/no1/P-S-death08.pdf
  7. ^ Michael Balint (www.whonamedit.com)
  8. ^ (Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Historians)
  9. ^ roman catholic, mother jewish
  10. ^ born roman catholic, jewish background
  11. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "registered with the Jewish community of Pest"; Jewish Encyclopedia
  12. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia article on Adolf Neubauer
  13. ^ Religious Affiliation of Directors of AFI's Top 100 Movies
  14. ^ [1]
  15. ^ Kevin Bazzana (2007). Lost Genius. Canada: McClelland and Stewart. ISBN 978-0-7710-1100-9.
  16. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Balazs, Bela; (p100, footnote 171) "German on his mother's side and Jewish on his father's"
  17. ^ [2]
  18. ^ [3]
  19. ^ [4]
  20. ^ Andre Francois Photo Gallery by Christopher Wheeler at pbase.com
  21. ^ http://www.terminartors.com/artistprofile/Fenyes_Adolf
  22. ^ http://filmhiradok.nava.hu/watch.php?id=6665
  23. ^ http://www.terminartors.com/artistprofile/Ivanyi_Grunwald_Bela
  24. ^ http://www.terminartors.com/artistprofile/Perlmutter_Izsak
  25. ^ http://www.rothmuzeum.hu/htm/22.htm
  26. ^ Salon People | Leo Castelli
  27. ^ http://mek.niif.hu/04000/04093/html/tematikus2.html
  28. ^ [5]
  29. ^ [6]
  30. ^ [7]
  31. ^ [8]
  32. ^ Kinga Frojimovics, Géza Komoróczy (1999). Jewish Budapest: monuments, rites, history. Central European University Press. ISBN 9639116378. http://books.google.com/books?id=-wUg6rlWS2kC&pg=PA340&dq=jewish+fencing&hl=en&ei=VAn7S4brFcH_lgfXqJDqDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=fencing&f=false. Retrieved May 24, 2010. 
  33. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named google1; see Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text
  34. ^ Andrew Handler (1985). From the ghetto to the games: Jewish athletes in Hungary. East European Monographs. ISBN 0880330856. http://books.google.com/books?id=VJ1tAAAAMAAJ&q=Rejt%C5%91%22fencing%22+jewish&dq=Rejt%C5%91%22fencing%22+jewish&hl=en&ei=UnIHTOmrHIWBlAfu5eShDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBQ. Retrieved June 3, 2010. 
  35. ^ a b "Elected Members of the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame". Jewishsports.net. http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/Tables/LastNameSearch.htm. Retrieved May 25, 2010. 
  36. ^ [9]
  37. ^ Andrew Handler (1985). From the ghetto to the games: Jewish athletes in Hungary. East European Monographs. ISBN 0880330856. http://books.google.com/books?id=VJ1tAAAAMAAJ&q=%22gyula+biro%22+jewish&dq=%22gyula+biro%22+jewish&hl=en&ei=CU0PTYehF8Gclgf997SyDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA. Retrieved December 20, 2010. 
  38. ^ Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver (1965). Encyclopedia of Jews in sports. Bloch Pub. Co.. http://books.google.com/books?id=AgmDAAAAMAAJ&q=%22gyula+biro%22+jewish&dq=%22gyula+biro%22+jewish&hl=en&ei=CU0PTYehF8Gclgf997SyDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAQ. Retrieved December 20, 2010. 
  39. ^ a b c Jewish Olympic Medalists
  40. ^ Day by day in Jewish sports history. http://books.google.com/books?id=aOTWUl-9LQoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=day+by+day+jewish&hl=en&ei=ZvseTeLHGYSClAfLxpW5DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=freestyle%20-swimmer&f=false. Retrieved July 2, 2011. 
  41. ^ http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barna_Viktor
  42. ^ [10]
  43. ^ "The Nazi Olympics (Berlin 1936)—Jewish Athletes; Olympic Medalists". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/olympics/detail.php?content=jewish_athletes_medals&lang=en. Retrieved February 7, 2011. 
  44. ^ [11]
  45. ^ a b c http://www.aafla.org/SportsLibrary/Olympika/Olympika_1996/olympika0501k.pdf
  46. ^ [12]
  47. ^ Jewish sports legends: the .... http://books.google.com/books?id=1jBV8GvioMUC&pg=PA72&dq=jewish+fencing&hl=en&ei=VAn7S4brFcH_lgfXqJDqDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFQQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=fencing&f=false. Retrieved February 10, 2011. 
  48. ^ [13]
  49. ^ Ferenc Kemeny (Kauffmann)

[edit] External links

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