List of Indian monarchs

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The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents.[1]

Early mythical and later documented rulers and dynasties who are deemed to have ruled a portion of the Indian subcontinent and were based in South Asia are included in this list.

For more information, see History of South Asia.

Contents

[edit] Chandravanshi-Bharata-Puru-Kuru-Pandava-Kshemaka Dynasty (c. 1700 BC – 1026 AD)[citation needed]

Please note that these dates are debated among scholars of Indology.

[edit] Bharata Dynasty (c. 3300–1400 BC)[citation needed][1]

[edit] Puru Dynasty (c. 1400–1200 BC)[citation needed][1]

  • Puru-rava Aila (from c. 1400 BC)[citation needed], descendant of the Bharata dynasty
  • Ayu
  • Yayati Nahushya
  • Dauhshanti Saudyumni
  • Ajamidha
  • Riksha
  • Trasadasyu
  • Samavarana (until c. 1200 BC)[citation needed]

[edit] Kuru Dynasty (c. 1400–450 BC)[citation needed][1]

[edit] Pandava/Gadu/Sandrocotto Dynasty (c. 1200–1100 BC)[citation needed]

[edit] Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964–1026 AD)[1]

  • Jayapala (964–1001), son of Asatapala deva, descendant of the Pandava dynasty
  • Anandapala (c. 1001–1011), son of Jayapala
  • Trilochanpala (c. 1011–1022), son of Anandapala, assassinated in 1021–1022
  • Bhímapála (c. 1022–1026), son of Tirlochanpala

[edit] Magadha Kings (c. 1700 BC – 550 AD)[1]

[edit] Brihadratha Dynasty (c. 1700–799 BC)

  • Brihadratha
  • Jarasandha
  • Sahadeva
  • Somapi (1678–1618 BC)
  • Srutasravas (1618–1551 BC)
  • Ayutayus (1551–1515 BC)
  • Niramitra (1515–1415 BC)
  • Sukshatra (1415–1407 BC)
  • Brihatkarman (1407–1384 BC)
  • Senajit (1384–1361 BC)
  • Srutanjaya (1361–321 BC)
  • Vipra (1321–1296 BC)
  • Suchi (1296–1238 BC)
  • Kshemya (1238–1210 BC)
  • Subrata (1210–1150 BC)
  • Dharma (1150–1145 BC)
  • Susuma (1145–1107 BC)
  • Dridhasena (1107–1059 BC)
  • Sumati (1059–1026 BC)
  • Subhala (1026–1004 BC)
  • Sunita (1004–964 BC)
  • Satyajit (964–884 BC)
  • Biswajit (884–849 BC)
  • Ripunjaya (849–799 BC)

[edit] Pradyota dynasty (799–684 BC)

  • Pradyota
  • Palaka
  • Visakhayupa
  • Ajaka
  • Varttivarddhana

[edit] Haryanka/Shishunaga Dynasty (684–424 BC)

  • Bimbisara (544–491 BC), founder of the first Magadhan empire
  • Ajatashatru (491–461 BC)
  • Udayin
  • Anirudha
  • Mund
  • Darshaka (from 461 BC)
  • Nagdashak (last ruler of the Haryanka dynasty)
  • Shishunaga (412–344 BC), established the Magadha Kingdom
  • Kakavarna
  • Kshemadharman
  • Kshatraujas
  • Nandivardhana
  • Mahanandin (until 424 BC), his empire was inherited by his illegitimate son Mahapadma Nanda

[edit] Shakya Dynasty (c. 650–500 BC)

  • Sinahana
  • Suddhodana Gautama (c. 600–500 BC), king of the Shakyas, father of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
  • Maya (c. 600–500 BC), queen of the Shakyas, wife and cousin of Suddhodana, mother of Siddhartha
  • Suprahuddha (c. 600–500 BC), lord of Devadaha Castle, brother of Maya, father of princess Yashodhara (wife of Siddhartha (Buddha))

[edit] Nanda Dynasty (424–321 BC)

  • Mahapadma Nanda (from 424 BC), illegitimate son of Mahanandin, founded the Nanda Empire after inheriting Mahanandin's empire
  • Pandhuka
  • Panghupati
  • Bhutapala
  • Rashtrapala
  • Govishanaka
  • Dashasidkhaka
  • Kaivarta
  • Dhana (Agrammes, Xandrammes) (until 321 BC), lost his empire to Chandragupta Maurya after being defeated by him

[edit] Maurya Dynasty (324–184 BC)

[edit] Shunga Dynasty (185–73 BC)

  • Pusyamitra Shunga (185–149 BC), founded the dynasty after assassinating Brhadratha
  • Agnimitra (149–141 BC), son and successor of Pusyamitra
  • Vasujyeshtha (141–131 BC)
  • Vasumitra (131–124 BC)
  • Andhraka (124–122 BC)
  • Pulindaka (122–119 BC)
  • Ghosha
  • Vajramitra
  • Bhagabhadra (c. 110 BC), mentioned by the Puranas
  • Devabhuti (83–73 BC), the last Sunga king

[edit] Kanva Dynasty (73–26 BC)

  • Vasudeva (c. 75 – c. 66 BCE)
  • Bhumimitra (c. 66 – c. 52 BCE)
  • Narayana (c. 52 – c. 40 BCE)
  • Susarman (c. 40 – c. 26 BCE)

[edit] Western Kshatrapas (from 119 AD)

[edit] Gupta Dynasty (c. 240–550 AD)

[edit] Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC – 1345)

[edit] Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC – 1311 AD)

  • Kadunkoen (c. 550–450 BC)
  • Pandion (c. 50 BC – 50 AD), known as Pandion to Greeks and Romans

Early Pandyas

  • Nedunj Cheliyan I (Aariyap Padai Kadantha Nedunj Cheliyan )
  • Pudappandiyan
  • Mudukudumi Paruvaludhi
  • Nedunj Cheliyan II (Pasumpun Pandiyan)
  • Nan Maran
  • Nedunj Cheliyan III (Talaiyaalanganathu Seruvendra Nedunj Cheliyan )
  • Maran Valudi
  • Musiri Mutriya Cheliyan
  • Ukkirap Peruvaluthi

First Empire

  • Kadungon (c. 600–700 AD), revived the dynasty
  • Maravarman Avani Culamani (590–620 AD)
  • Cezhiyan Cendan (620–640 AD)
  • Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaaran (640–674 AD)
  • Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran (675–730 AD)
  • Arikesari Parankusa Maravarman Rajasinga (730–765 AD)
  • Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan (765–790 AD)
  • Rasasingan II (790–800 AD)
  • Varagunan I (800–830 AD)
  • Sirmara Srivallabha (830–862 AD)
  • Varaguna II (862–880 AD)
  • Parantaka Viranarayana (862–905 AD)
  • Rajasima Pandian II (905–920 AD)

Pandyan Revival

  • Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251–1268), revived Pandyan glory, considered one of the greatest conquerors of Southern India
  • Maravarman Sundara Pandyan
  • Maravarman Kulasekaran I (1268–1308)
  • Sundara Pandya (1308–1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother Vira Pandya over the throne
  • Vira Pandya (1308–1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother of Sundara Pandya over the throne, Madurai was conquered by the Khilji dynasty

[edit] Pandalam Dynasty (c. 1200)

[edit] Foreign Emperors in North-Western India (c. 538 BC – 750 AD)

These empires were vast, centered in Persia or the Mediterranean; their satrapies (provinces) in India were at their outskirts.

[edit] Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538–330 BC)

[edit] Argead Dynasty (326–323 BC)

[edit] Seleucid Diadochi (323–321 BC)

[edit] Arab Umayyad Caliphate (711–750 AD)

[edit] Chera dynasty (c. 400 BC – 1314 AD)

Note that years are still disputed among the scholars, the given is only a version.

[edit] Ancient Chera Kings (c. 400 BC – 397 AD)

  1. Udiyancheralatan
  2. Antuvancheral
  3. Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan (56–115 AD)
  4. Cheran Chenkutuvan (from 115)
  5. Palyanai Sel-Kelu Kuttuvan (115–130)
  6. Poraiyan Kadungo (from 115)
  7. Kalankai-Kanni Narmudi Cheral (115–140)
  8. Vel-Kelu Kuttuvan (130–185)
  9. Selvak-Kadungo (131–155)
  10. Adukotpattu Cheralatan (140–178)
  11. Kuttuvan Irumporai (178–185)
  12. Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral (185–201)
  13. Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral (201–241)
  14. Ilamcheral Irumporai (241–257)
  15. Perumkadungo (257–287)
  16. Ilamkadungo (287–317)
  17. Kanaikal Irumporai (367–397)

[edit] Kulashekhara Dynasty (1020–1314 AD)

  1. Kulashekhara Varman (800–820 AD), also called Kulashekhara Alwar
  2. Rajashekhara Varman (820–844 AD), also called Cheraman Perumal
  3. Sthanu ravi Varman (844–885 AD), contemporary of Aditya Chola
  4. Rama Varma Kulashekhara (885–917 AD)
  5. Goda Ravi Varma (917–944 AD)
  6. Indu Kotha Varma (944–962 AD)
  7. Bhaskara Ravi Varman I (962–1019 AD)
  8. Bhaskara Ravi Varman II (1019–1021 AD)
  9. Vira Kerala (1021–1028 AD)
  10. Rajasimha (1028–1043 AD)
  11. Bhaskara Ravi Varman III (1043–1082 AD)
  12. Rama Varma Kulashekhara (1090–1122 AD), also called Cheraman Perumal
  • Ravi Varma Kulashekhara (c. 1250–1314), last of the Cheras

[edit] Chola Dynasty (c. 301 BC – 1279 AD)

[edit] Sangam Cholas (c. 300 BC – 240 AD)

[edit] Chola Emperors (848–1279 AD)

[edit] Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC – 199 AD)

  • Simuka (c. 230–207 BC)
  • Kanha (or Krishna) (207–189 BC)
  • Satakarni I
  • Hala (20–24 AD)
  • Gautamiputra Satakarni (106–130)
  • Vashishtiputra Pulumayi (130–158)
  • Vashishtiputra Satakarni (c. 158–170)
  • Sri Yajna Satakarni (c. 170–199)

[edit] Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty (c. 221–85 BC)

Unlike the far larger empires of Alexander the Great and his Seleukid diadoch, centered in the region

[edit] Indo-Scythian Rulers (c. 90 BC – 45 AD)

[edit] North-western India (c. 90 BC – 10 AD)

[edit] Mathura area (c. 20 BC – 20 AD)

  • Hagamasha (satrap)
  • Hagana (satrap)
  • Rajuvula (Great Satrap) (c. 10 AD)
  • Sodasa, son of Rajuvula

[edit] Apracharaja Rulers (12 BC – 45 AD)

  • Vijayamitra (12 BC – 15 AD)
  • Itravasu (c. 20 AD)
  • Aspavarma (15–45 AD)

[edit] Minor local rulers

  • Bhadrayasha Niggas
  • Mamvadi
  • Arsakes

[edit] Indo-Parthian Rulers (c. 21–100 AD)

  • Gondophares I (c. 21–50)
  • Abdagases I (c. 50–65)
  • Satavastres (c. 60)
  • Sarpedones (c. 70)
  • Orthagnes (c. 70)
  • Ubouzanes (c. 77)
  • Sases or Gondophares II (c. 85)
  • Abdagases II (c. 90)
  • Pakores (c. 100)

[edit] Kushana Dynasty (80–225)

[edit] Pallava Dynasty (275–882)

[edit] Early Pallavas (275–355)

  • Simha Varman I (275–300 or 315–345)
  • Skanda Varman I (345–355)

[edit] Middle Pallavas (355–537)

  • Visnugopa (350–355)
  • Kumaravisnu I (355–370)
  • Skanda Varman II 370–385)
  • Vira Varman (385–400)
  • Skanda Varman III (400–438)
  • Simha Varman II (438–460)
  • Skanda Varman IV (460–480)
  • Nandi Varman I (480–500)
  • Kumaravisnu II (c. 500–510)
  • Buddha Varman (c. 510–520)
  • Kumaravisnu III (c. 520–530)
  • Simha Varman III (c. 530–537)

[edit] Later Pallavas (537–882)

[edit] Kadambas of Banavasi (345–525 AD)

  • Mayura Sharma (Varma) (345–365)
  • Kangavarma (365–390)
  • Bagitarha (390–415)
  • Raghu (415–435)
  • Kakusthavarma (435–455)
  • Santivarma (455–460)
  • Mrigeshavarma (460–480)
  • Shivamandhativarma (480–485)
  • Ravivarma (485–519)
  • Harivarma (519–525)

[edit] Western Ganga dynasty of Talakad (350–1024 AD)

  • Konganivarma Madhava (350–370)
  • Madhava II (370–390)
  • Harivarman (390–410)
  • Vishnugopa (410–430)
  • Tadangala Madhava (430–466)
  • Avinita (466–495)
  • Durvinita (495–535)
  • Mushkara (535–585)
  • Srivikrama (585–635
  • Bhuvikarma (635–679
  • Shivamara I (679–725
  • Sripurusha (725–788
  • Shivamara II (788–816
  • Rajamalla I (817–853
  • Nitimarga Ereganga (853–869
  • Rajamalla II (870–907)
  • Ereyappa Nitimarga II (907–919)
  • Narasimhadeva (919–925)
  • Rajamalla III (925–935)
  • Butuga II (935–960)
  • Takkolam in (949)
  • Maruladeva (960–963)
  • Marasimha III (963–974)
  • Rajamalla IV (974–985)
  • Rakkasa Ganga (985–1024)

[edit] Chalukya Dynasty (543–1156)

[edit] Chalukyas of Badami (543–757)

  • Pulakesi I (543–566)
  • Kirtivarman I (566–597)
  • Mangalesa (597–609)
  • Pulakesi II (609–642)
  • Vikramaditya I (655–680)
  • Vinayaditya (680–696)
  • Vijayaditya (696–733)
  • Vikramaditya II (733–746)
  • Kirtivarman II (746–757)

[edit] Chalukyas of Kalyani (973–1156)

  • Tailapa Ahavamalla (973–997)
  • Satyasraya Irivabedanga (997–1008)
  • Vikramaditya V (1008–1014)
  • Ayyana (1014–1015)
  • Jayasimha II (1015–1042)
  • Someshvara I (1042–1068)
  • Someshvara II (1068–1076)
  • Vikramaditya VI (1076–1127)
  • Someshvara III (1127–1138)
  • Jagadekamalla (1138–1151)
  • Tailapa (1151–1156)
  • Someshwara IV (1183–1189)

[edit] Shashanka dynasty (600–626)

  • Shashanka (600–625), first recorded independent king of Bengal, created the first unified political entity in Bengal
  • Manava (625–626), ruled for 8 months before being conquered by Harshavardana and Bhaskarvarmana

[edit] Harsha dynasty (606–647)

  • Harsha Vardhana (606–647), unified Northern India and ruled it for over 40 years, he was the last non-Muslim emperor to rule a unified Northern India

[edit] Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735–982)

[edit] Tomar's or Tuar's of Sthaneshwar and Indraprastha (736–1192 AD)

From Kshemak (last Tomar king of Indraprastha and direct descendant of Parikshit) to Anangpal I -

  1. Kshemak
  2. Shunkh (Kshemak's seat was usurped by his minister)
  3. Tunga (took refuge in Southern India established small kingdom - River Tungbhadra named after him)
  4. Abhanga
  5. Javal
  6. Gawal
  7. Lorepind
  8. Adangal
  9. Ganmel
  10. Nabhang
  11. Chukkar
  12. Tome
  13. Dravidan Tomar
  14. Drugya Tomar
  15. Manbha Tomar
  16. Karwal Tomar
  17. Kalang Tomar, he was a local chieftain in Kurudesh (modern Haryana)
  18. Anangpal I - re-established Tomar rule at what is now Delhi, the ancient capital of his ancestors. 736 AD – March- xx, ruled 18 years
  19. Vasudev - 754–March - xx, ruled 19Y-1M-18D
  20. Gangeya Tuar - 773–Apr.-18, ruled 21Y-3M-28D
  21. Prithvimal - 794–Aug.-16, ruled 19Y-6M-19D
  22. Jagdev or Jaydev - 814–Mar.-05, ruled 20Y-7M-28D
  23. Narpal - 834–Nov.-03, ruled 14Y-4M-09D
  24. Udaysangh - 849–Mar.-12, ruled 26Y-7M-11D
  25. Jaidas - 875–Oct.-23, ruled 21Y-2M-13D
  26. Vachhal/VrikshPal - 897–Jan.-01, ruled 22Y-3M-16D. There were many brothers / uncles of Vacchal Tuar[2]
    1. Bacchdev, founded Bagor near Narnol and Bachera and Baghera near Thoda Ajmer
    2. Nagdeo[2] s/o Karnpal Tuar and brother of Vachhal dev, founded Nagor and Nagda near Ajmer. Karndeo Tuar himself established Bahadurgarh near Alwar
    3. Krishnray[2] s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Kishangarh near Ajmer and Khas Ganj between Etah and Soron
    4. Nihal Ray[2] s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Narayanpur near Alwar
    5. Somasi[2] s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Ajabpur between present day Alwar and Jaipur
    6. Harpal[2] s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Harsola and Harsoli near Alwar
  27. Pavak - 919–Apr.-22, ruled 21Y-6M-05D
  28. Vihangpal - 940–Oct.-27, ruled 24Y-4M-04D
  29. Tolpal - 961–Mar.-01, ruled 18Y-3M-15D
    1. Gopal - either another name of Gopal or ruled on his behalf for a while
  30. Sulakshanpal - 979–Jun.-16, ruled 25Y-10M-10D
  31. Jaipal Tuar - 1005–Apr.-26, ruled 25Y-10M-10D. - Fought with Raja Rangatdhwaj Rathore and lost sovereignty of Kannauj
    1. His younger brother Jhetpal Tuar captured Paithan and his descendants are called Pathania Rajputs
  32. Kanvarpal/Kumara Pal Tuar - 1021–Aug.-29, ruled 29Y-9M-18D (Masud, grandson of Md. Gazni, captured Hansi briefly in 1038), ruled from Bari[3] in Awadh, which was 3 days south of Kannauj
    1. His Rajya Purohit, the chief priest, was Indrachandra whose descendant was Ramchandra 'Rammya', Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya Hemu's nephew and General in his army[4]
  33. Anangpal II or AnekPal or Anaypal - 1051–Jun.-17, ruled 29Y-6M-18D (1052 inscription on the Iron pillar at Mahrauli), populated Delhi and built Lalkot[5] or Old Fort of Delhi.[3][6] A few known sons of Anangpal are given here, which tell us the extent of his dominions. From Hansi in north to Agra in south and from Ajmer in west to the Ganges in east, beyond which were the Katheria Rajputs rulers[7]
    1. Bhumpal Tomar, younger son - 1081, Settled in Narwar area (Near Gwalior)
    2. Indrapal,[8] founded Indra Garh
    3. Rangraj,[8] founded two palaces by the name of Taragarh, one near Ajmer
    4. Achal Raj, founded Achner between Bharatpur and Agra
    5. Draupad, lived in Hansi
    6. Sisupal, founded Sirsa, Siswal (also called Sirsa Patan)
    7. Surajpal, Suraj Kund in Mehrauli Delhi was built by him
  34. Tejpal - 1081–Jan.-05, ruled 24Y-1M-06D, founded Tejora between Gurgaon and Alwar
  35. Mahipal/Junpal - 1105–Feb.-11, ruled 25Y-2M-23D
  36. Dakatpal (Arkpal or Anangpal III) - 1151–Jul.-19, ruled until 1192 AD until the Capture of Delhi by Md. Ghori, titular head only, lost to Someshwar dev Chauhan of Ajmer in 1152 AD and married daughter to Chauhan king and thus became a feudatory of his Chauhan son in law and later his grandson Rai Pithora of Ajmer. Prithviraj Chauhan was proclaimed the heir of Tomar Kingdom in 1170 AD and his rule was 22Y-2M-16D
    1. Govindraj Tanwar fought for Prithviraj Chauhan and was killed in battle with Md Ghori

[edit] Pāla Dynasty (c. 756–1174 AD)

[edit] Parmaras of Malwa (c. 800–c. 1305)

[edit] Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri (850–1334 AD)

  • Dridhaprahara
  • Seunachandra (850–874)
  • Dhadiyappa (874–900)
  • Bhillama I (900–925)
  • Vadugi (Vaddiga) (950–974)
  • Dhadiyappa II (974–975)
  • Bhillama II (975–1005)
  • Vesugi I (1005–1020)
  • Bhillama III (1020–1055)
  • Vesugi II (1055–1068)
  • Bhillama III (1068)
  • Seunachandra II (1068–1085)
  • Airamadeva (1085–1115)
  • Singhana I (1115–1145)
  • Mallugi I (1145–1150)
  • Amaragangeyya (1150–1160)
  • Govindaraja (1160)
  • Amara Mallugi II (1160–1165)
  • Kaliya Ballala (1165–1173)
  • Bhillama V (1173–1192), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
  • Jaitugi I (1192–1200)
  • Singhana II (1200–1247)
  • Kannara (1247–1261)
  • Mahadeva (1261–1271)
  • Amana (1271)
  • Ramachandra (1271–1312)
  • Singhana III (1312–1313)
  • Harapaladeva (1313–1318)
  • Mallugi III (1318–1334)

[edit] Roopak Dynasty (c. 890–895)

[edit] Brahmin Shahi Dynasty (c. 890–964)

  • Lalliya (c. 890–895)
  • Kamaluka (895–921)
  • Bhima (921–964), son of Kamaluka

[edit] Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964–1026 AD)

  • Jayapala (964–1001)
  • Anandapala (1001–1011)
  • Roopak (1011–1022)
  • Bhímapála (1022–1026)

[edit] Hoysala Dynasty (1000–1346)

  • Nripa Kama (1000–1045)
  • Vinayaditya I (1045–1098)
  • Ereyanga (1098–1100)
  • Ballala (1100–1108)
  • Vishnuvardhana (1108–1142)
  • Narasimha I (1142–1173), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
  • Ballala II (1173–1220)
  • Narasimha II (1220–1235)
  • Vira Someshwara (1235–1253)
  • Narasimha III and Ramanatha (1253–1295)
  • Ballala III (1295–1342)

[edit] Sena Empire Dynasty rule over Bengal (1070–1230 CE)

  • Hemanta Sen (1070–1096)
  • Vijay Sen (1096–1159)
  • Ballal Sen (1159–1179)
  • Lakshman Sen (1179–1206)
  • Vishwarup Sen (1206–1225)
  • Keshab Sen (1225–1230)

[edit] Kalachuri (Southern) Dynasty (1130–1184)

  • Bijjala II (1130–1167), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukyas in 1162 AD
  • Sovideva (1168–1176)
  • Mallugi --> overthrown by his brother Sankama
  • Sankama (1176–1180)
  • Ahavamalla (1180–83)
  • Singhana (1183–84)

[edit] Bana Dynasty rule over Magadaimandalam (c. 1190–1260 AD)

[edit] Kadava Dynasty (c. 1216–1279 AD)

  • Kopperunchinga I (c. 1216 – 1242)
  • Kopperunchinga II (c. 1243 – 1279)

[edit] The Muslim Rule (1206–1562)

[edit] Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)

Despite the name, the capital was repeatedly elsewhere than Delhi city, and not always near.

[edit] Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (1206–1290)

[edit] Khilji Dynasty (1290–1320)

[edit] Tughlaq Dynasty (1321–1398)

Invasion of Timur in 1398 and the end of the Tughluq Dynasty as known earlier.

[edit] Sayyid Dynasty (1414–1451)

  • Khizr (1414–1421)
  • Mubarik II (1421–1434)
  • Muhamed IV (1434–1445)
  • Alem I (1445–1451)

[edit] Lodi Dynasty (1451–1526)

[edit] Bahmani Sultanate (1347–1527)

  • Ala ud din Bahman Shah (1347–1358), established his capital at Gulbarga
  • Muhammad Shah I (1358–1375)
  • Ala ud din Mujahid Shah (1375–1378)
  • Daud Shah I (1378)
  • Muhammad Shah II (1378–1397)
  • Ghiyas ud din Tahmatan Shah (1397)
  • Shams ud din Daud Shah II (1397)
  • Taj ud din Feroz Shah (1397–1422)
  • Shahab ud din Ahmad Shah I (1422–1435) established his capital at Bidar
  • Ala ud din Ahmad Shah II (1436–1458)
  • Ala ud din Humayun Shah (1458–1461)
  • Nizam ud din Ahmad Shah III (1461–1463)
  • Shams ud din Muhammad Shah III (1463–1482)
  • Mahmud Shah (1482–1518)
  • Ahmad Shah IV (1518–1521)
  • Ala ud din Shah (1521–1522)
  • Waliullah Shah (1522–1524)
  • Kalimullah Shah (1524–1527)

[edit] Malwa Sultanate (1392–1562)

[edit] Ghoris (1390–1436)

[edit] Khiljis (1436–1535)

Under Gujarat (1530–1534)

[edit] Qadirid (1535–1555)

Under the Mughal Empire (1542–1555)

[edit] Shaja'atid (1555–1562)

[edit] Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1660)

[edit] Sangama Dynasty (1336–1487)

[edit] Saluva Dynasty (1490–1567)

  • Narasimha (1490–1503)
  • Narasa (Vira Narasimha) (1503–1509)
  • Krishnadevaraya (1509–1530)
  • Achyuta (1530–1542)
  • Sadasiva (1542–1567)

[edit] Tuluva Dynasty (1542–1614)

  • Rama (1542–1565)
  • Tirumala (1565–1567)
  • Tirumala (1567–1575)
  • Ranga II (1575–1586)
  • Venkata I (1586–1614)

[edit] Rulers of Mysore/Khudadad (1399–1950)

[edit] Wodeyar Dynasty (first rule, 1399–1761)

  • Yaduraya (1399–1423)
  • Hiriya Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar I (1423–1459)
  • Thimmaraja Wodeyar I (1459–1478)
  • Hiriya Chamaraja Wodeyar II (1478–1513)
  • Hiriya bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar III (1513–1553)
  • Thimmaraja Wodeyar II (1553–1572)
  • Bola Chamaraja Wodeyar IV (1572–1576)
  • Bettada Devaraja Wodeyar (1576–1578)
  • Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617)
  • Chamaraja Wodeyar V (1617–1637)
  • Raja Wodeyar II (1637–1638)
  • (Ranadhira) Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar I (1638–1659)
  • Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar (1659–1673)
  • Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704)
  • Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar II (1704–1714)
  • Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar I (1714–1732)
  • Chamaraja Wodeyar VI (1732–1734)
  • (Immadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar II (1734–1766), ruled under Hyder Ali from 1761
  • Nanajaraja Wodeyar (1766–1772), ruled under Hyder Ali
  • Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar VII (1772–1776), ruled under Hyder Ali
  • Khasa Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII (1776–1796), ruled under Hyder Ali until 1782, then under Tipu Sultan until his deposition in 1796

The reign of the Kings of Mysore (Wodeyar line) was interrupted from 1796 until 1799.

[edit] Muslim Rulers of Mysore (1761–1799)

[edit] Wodeyar Dynasty (second rule, 1799–1950)

[edit] Maharajas of Cochin (Perumpadapu Swaroopam, 1503–1964)

Veerakerala Varma, nephew of Cheraman Perumal, is supposed to have been the first king of Cochin around the 7th century AD. But the records we have start in 1503.

  1. Unniraman Koyikal I (?–1503)
  2. Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
  3. Veera Kerala Varma (1537–1565)
  4. Keshava Rama Varma (1565–1601)
  5. Veera Kerala Varma (1601–1615)
  6. Ravi Varma I (1615–1624)
  7. Veera Kerala Varma (1624–1637)
  8. Godavarma (1637–1645)
  9. Veerarayira Varma (1645–1646)
  10. Veera Kerala Varma (1646–1650)
  11. Rama Varma I (1650–1656)
  12. Rani Gangadharalakshmi (1656–1658)
  13. Rama Varma II (1658–1662)
  14. Goda Varma (1662–1663)
  15. Veera Kerala Varma (1663–1687)
  16. Rama Varma III (1687–1693)
  17. Ravi Varma II (1693–1697)
  18. Rama Varma IV (1697–1701)
  19. Rama Varma V (1701–1721)
  20. Ravi Varma III (1721–1731)
  21. Rama Varma VI (1731–1746)
  22. Veera Kerala Varma I (1746–1749)
  23. Rama Varma VII (1749–1760)
  24. Veera Kerala Varma II (1760–1775)
  25. Rama Varma VIII (1775–1790)
  26. Shaktan Thampuran (Rama Varma IX) (1790–1805)
  27. Rama Varma X (1805–1809) - Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali")
  28. Veera Kerala Varma III (1809–1828) - Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month (Malayalam Era))
  29. Rama Varma XI (1828–1837) - Thulam-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME))
  30. Rama Varma XII (1837–1844) - Edava-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME))
  31. Rama Varma XIII (1844–1851) - Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur)
  32. Veera Kerala Varma IV (1851–1853) - Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi)
  33. Ravi Varma IV (1853–1864) - Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME))
  34. Rama Varma XIV (1864–1888) - Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME))
  35. Kerala Varma V (1888–1895) - Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME))
  36. Rama Varma XV (1895–1914) - a.k.a. Rajarshi, abdicated (d. in 1932)
  37. Rama Varma XVI (1915–1932) - Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai)
  38. Rama Varma XVII (1932–1941) - Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara")
  39. Kerala Varma VI (1941–1943) - Midukkan (syn: Smart, expert, great) Thampuran
  40. Ravi Varma V (1943–1946) - Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran)
  41. Kerala Varma (1946–1948) - Ikya-Keralam (Unified Kerala) Thampuran
  42. Rama Varma (1948–1964) - Pareekshit Thampuran

[edit] Qutb Shahi Dynasty (1518–1687)

[edit] Mughal Empire (1526–1857)

[edit] Mughal Dynasty (first rule, 1526–1540)

[edit] Suri Dynasty (1540–1555)

  • Sher Shah (1540–1545), seized the Mughal Empire after defeating the second Mughal Emperor Humayun
  • Islam Shah Suri (1545–1553)
  • Adil Shah (1553), became insane and handed over rule to Hindu king Hemu

[edit] Hemu (1553–1556)

[edit] Mughal Dynasty (restored, 1556–1857)

[edit] Chogyal, monarchs of Sikkim and Ladakh (1642–1975)

Main article: Chogyal

[edit] Maratha Empire (1674–1818)

The Empire was divided between two branches of the family c. 1707–10; and the division was formalized in 1731.

[edit] Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur (1700–1947)

The state acceded unto the Dominion of India following the independence of India in 1947.

[edit] Chhatrapatis at Satara (1707–1839)

The state was annexed by the British in 1839.

[edit] The Peshwas (1713–1858)

Technically they were not monarchs, but hereditary prime ministers, though in fact they ruled instead of the Maharaja, and were hegemon of the Maratha confederation.

[edit] Maharajas of Thanjavur (?–1799)

Descended from a brother of Shivaji; ruled independently and had no formal relationship with the Maratha Empire.

The state was annexed by the British in 1799.

[edit] Holkar Maharajas Rulers of Indore (1731–1948)

  1. Malharrao Holkar (I) (r. 2 November 1731 – 19 May 1766)
  2. Malerao Khanderao Holkar (r. 23 August 1766 – 5 April 1767)
  3. Punyaslok Rajmata Ahilyadevi Holkar (as a regent) (r. 5 April 1767 – 13 August 1795)
  4. Tukojirao Holkar (I) (r. 13 August 1795 – 29 January 1797)
  5. Kashirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 29 January, 1797 – 1798)
  6. Yashwantrao Holkar (I) (r. 1798 – 27.11.1811)
  7. Malharrao Yashwantrao Holkar (III) (r. November 1811 – 27 October 1833)
  8. Martandrao Malharrao Holkar (r. 17 January 1834 – 2 February 1834)
  9. Harirao Vitthojirao Holkar (r. 17 April 1834 – 24 October 1843)
  10. Khanderao Harirao Holkar (r. 13 November 1843 – 17 February 1844)
  11. Tukojirao Gandharebhau Holkar (II) (r. 27 June 1844 – 17 June 1886)
  12. Shivajirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 17 June 1886 – 31 January 1903)
  13. Tukojirao Shivajirao Holkar (III) (r. 31 January 1903 – 26 February 1926)
  14. Yashwantrao Holkar (II) (r. 26 February, 1926 – 1961)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India. The monarchy was ended in 1948, but the title is still held by Usha Devi Maharaj Sahiba Holkar XV Bahadur, Maharani of Indore since 1961.

[edit] Scindia Rulers of Gwalior (?–1947)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India.

[edit] The major Muslim vassals of the Mughal/British Paramountcy (1707–1856)

[edit] Nawabs of Bengal (1707–1770)

[edit] Nawabs of Awadh/Oudh (1719–1858)

[edit] Nizams of Hyderabad (1720–1948)

[edit] Kingdom of Travancore (1729–1947)

[edit] Sikh Empire (1801–1849)

The British Empire annexed the Punjab c. 1845–49; after the First and Second Anglo-Sikh Wars

[edit] British Emperors of India (1877–1947)

[edit] Kings of India and Pakistan (1947–1956)

After independence, but before the declarations of the respective republics:

  • George VI, King of India (1947–1950) and King of Pakistan (1947–1952)
  • Elizabeth II, Queen of Pakistan (1952–1956)

[edit] See also

[edit] Sources and External links

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Dayanand Saraswati, Satyartha Prakash
  2. ^ a b c d e f Asiatic Society of Bengal, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Volume 33, Page xxi
  3. ^ a b Asiatic Society of Bengal, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Volume 33
  4. ^ M. L. Bhargava, Hemu and his time, page 3
  5. ^ Alexander Cunnigham, Four reports made during the years, 1862-63-64-65, Volume 1
  6. ^ Hickey, William (1874). The Tanjore Mahratta Principality in Southern India. Google books. ISBN 8120603028. http://books.google.com/?id=sGFFQgzGUYIC&pg=PR19&dq=Anangpal+Iron+pillar. Retrieved 2009-05-26. 
  7. ^ Sir Alexander Cunningham, Archaeological Survey of India, Four reports made during the years, 1862-63-64-65, Volume 2, page v
  8. ^ a b Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Volume 33, Asiatic Society of Bengal
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