List of Indian residential schools in Canada
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The following is a list of Canadian Indian residential schools[1] The first residential schools were set up in the 1840s with the last residential school closing in 1996.[2]
| Religious denomination | |
| (AN) | Anglican Church |
| (BP) | Baptist |
| (MD) | Methodist |
| (OO) | Other |
| (PB) | Presbyterian Church |
| (RC) | Roman Catholic Church |
| (UC) | United Church of Canada |
Contents |
[edit] Alberta, BC, Manitoba
| Name | Location | Province | Opened | Closed | Denomination |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assumption Indian Residential School (Hay Lakes Indian Residential School) | Hay Lakes | AB | 1951 | 1970 | RC |
| Blue Quill’s Indian Residential School (Lac la Biche Boarding School/ Hospice of St. Joseph) | Lac la Biche | AB | 1862 | 1898 (moved to Brocket) | RC |
| Blue Quill’s Indian Residential School (Sacred Heart Indian Residential School / Saddle Lake Boarding School) | Lac la Biche | AB | 1898 | 1931 | RC |
| Blue Quill’s Indian Residential School (St. Paul’s Residential School) | Lac la Biche | AB | 1931 | 1970 (became the first Native-administered school in Canada) | RC |
| Convent of Holy Angels Indian Residential School (Holy Angels Indian Residential School/ Our Lady of Victoria Indian Residential School) | Fort Chipewyan | AB | 1902 | 1974 | RC |
| Crowfoot Indian Residential School | Cluny | AB | 1909 | 1968 | RC |
| Dunbow Industrial School (St. Joseph’s Industrial School, High River Industrial School) | High River | AB | 1888 | 1939 | RC |
| Edmonton Industrial School | St. Albert | AB | 1919 | 1960 | MD |
| Ermineskin Indian Residential School | Hobbema | AB | 1916 | 1973 | RC |
| Fort Smith Indian Residential School (Breyant Hall) | Fort Smith | AB | 1955 | 1970 | RC |
| Immaculate Conception Indian Residential School (Immaculate Conception Boarding School / Blood Indian Residential School) | Stand-Off | AB | 1884 | 1926 | RC |
| Immaculate Conception Boarding School (Blood Indian Residential School / St. Mary’s Mission Boarding School) | Stand-Off | AB | 1911 | 1975 | RC |
| McDougall Orphanage and Residential School (Morley Indian Residential School) | Morley | AB | 1886 | 1949 | MD |
| Old Sun’s Boarding School (North Camp Residential School / White Eagle’s Boarding School / Short Robe Boarding School) | Gleichen | AB | 1894 | 1912 | AN |
| Old Sun’s Boarding School (North Camp School / White Eagle’s Boarding School / Short Robe Boarding School) | Gleichen | AB | 1929 | 1971 | AN |
| Peigan Indian Residential School (Victoria Jubilee Home) | Brocket | AB | 1892 | 1965 | AN |
| Red Deer Industrial School | Red Deer | AB | 1889 | 1944 | MD |
| Sarcee Indian Residential School | Calgary | AB | 1894 | 1930 | AN |
| St. Albert’s Indian Residential School | St. Albert | AB | 1941 | 1948 | RC |
| St. Andrew’s Indian Residential School | Whitefish Lake | AB | 1895 | 1950 | AN |
| St. Barnabas Indian Residential School | Sarcee | AB | 1899 (new school built in 1912) | 1922 | AN |
| St. Bernard Indian Residential School (Grouard Indian Residential School) | Grouard | AB | 1939 | 1962 | RC |
| St. Bruno Indian Residential School (Joussard Indian Residential School) | Joussard | AB | 1913 | 1969 | RC |
| St. Cyprian’s Indian Residential School | Brocket | AB | 1900 (new school built in 1926) | 1962 | AN |
| St. Francis Xavier Indian Residential School | Calais | AB | 1890 | 1961 | RC |
| St. Henri Indian Residential School (Fort Vermilion Indian Residential School) | Fort Vermilion | AB | 1900 | 1968 | RC |
| St. John’s Indian Residential School (Wabasca Residential School) | Wabasca | AB | 1895 (new school built in 1949) | 1966 | AN |
| St. Martin Boarding School | Wabasca | AB | 1901 | 1973 | RC |
| St. Paul Des Métis Indian Residential School | St. Paul | AB | 1898 | 1905 | RC |
| St. Paul’s Indian Residential School | Cardston | AB | 1900 | 1972 | AN |
| St. Peter’s Indian Residential School (Lesser Slave Lake Indian Residential School) | Lesser Slave Lake | AB | 1900 | 1932 | AN |
| Sturgeon Lake Indian Residential School | Sturgeon Lake | AB | 1907 | 1957 | RC |
| Youville Indian Residential School | Edmonton | AB | 1892 | 1948 | RC |
| Alberni Indian Residential School | Port Alberni | BC | 1920 | 1973 | PB |
| Ahousaht Indian Residential School | Ahousaht | BC | 1901 | 1950 | PB |
| Christie Indian Residential School (Kakawis Indian Residential School) | Tofino (Meares Island) | BC | 1900 | 1973 | RC |
| Christie Indian Residential School (New Christie Indian Residential School / Kakawis Indian Residential School) | Tofino, British Columbia (Meares Island) | BC | 1974 | 1983 | RC |
| Cowichan Catholic Convent School | Cowichan | BC | 1863 | unknown | RC |
| Friendly Cove Day School | Yuquot | BC | 1930 | 1964 | RC |
| Greenville Mission Boy’s Boarding School | Nass River | BC | 1863 | unknown | MD |
| Kamloops Indian Residential School (St. Ann’s Academy) | Kamloops | BC | 1890 | 1978 | RC |
| Kamloops Indian Residential School (St. Louis Mission Indian Residential School) | Kamloops | BC | 1890 | 1978 | RC |
| Kitimaat Indian Residential School (Elizabeth Long Memorial School for Girls) | Kitimaat | BC | 1883 | unknown | MD |
| Kootenay Indian Residential School (St. Eugene’s Indian Residential School, St. Mary’s Indian Residential School) | Cranbrook | BC | 1898 | 1970 | RC |
| Kuper Island Indian Residential School | Chemainus | BC | 1890 | 1975 | RC |
| Lejac Indian Residential School | Fraser Lake | BC | 1910 (new building in 1922) | 1976 | RC |
| Lower Post Indian Residential School | Lower Post | BC | 1940 | 1975 | RC |
| Methodist Coqualeetza Institute | Chilliwack | BC | 1886 | 1937 (later became the Coqualeetza Hospital and is now the Coqualeetza Cultural Education Centre | MD |
| Metlakatla Indian Residential School (Metlakatla Indian Girl’s School) | Metlakatla | BC | 1891 | 1962 | OO |
| Port Simpson Methodist Girl’s School | Port Simpson | BC | 1863 | 1950 | MD |
| Presbyterian Coqualeetza Indian Residential School | Chilliwack | BC | 1861 | 1940 | PB |
| Roman Catholic Coqualeetza Indian Residential School | Chilliwack | BC | 1890 | 1941 | RC |
| Sechelt Indian Residential School | Sechelt | BC | 1912 | 1975 | RC |
| Squamish Indian Residential School (St. Francis Indian Residential School / St. Paul’s Indian Residential School) | North Vancouver | BC | 1898 | 1959 | RC |
| St. George’s Indian Residential School (Lytton Indian Residential School) | Lytton | BC | 1901 (new school built in 1928) | 1979 | AN |
| St. Mary’s Mission Indian Residential School | Mission (Pekw'Xe:yles) | BC | 1861 | 1984 | RC |
| St. Michael’s Indian Residential School (Alert Bay Indian Residential School) | Alert Bay | BC | 1929 | 1975 | AN |
| Thomas Crosby Indian Residential School (Thomas Crosby Girls Home Indian Residential School) | Port Simpson | BC | 1879 | 1950 | MD |
| Thomas Crosby Indian Residential School (Thomas Crosby Home for Boys Indian residential School) | Port Simpson | BC | 1879 | 1950 | MD |
| Victoria Catholic Convent School | Victoria | BC | 1863 | unknown | RC |
| Williams Lake Indian Residential School (Williams Lake Industrial School) | Cariboo | BC | 1890 | 1981 | RC |
| Yale Indian Residential School | Yale | BC | 1900 | unknown | AN |
| Yuquot Indian Residential School | Yuquot | BC | 1901 | 1913 | RC |
| Assiniboia Indian Residential School (Assiniboia Hostel) | Winnipeg | MB | 1958 (September 2) | 1973 (June 30) | RC |
| Birtle Indian Residential School | Birtle | MB | 1888 (December 3) | 1970 | PB |
| Brandon Indian Residential School (Brandon Industrial School) | Brandon | MB | 1895 (May 23) | 1972 (June 30) | MD |
| Cross Lake Indian Residential School (Norway House Roman Catholic Indian Residential School) | Cross Lake | MB | 1915(March 9) | 1969(July 30) | RC |
| Elkhorn Indian Residential School (Elkhorn Industrial School / Washakada Indian Residential School) | Elkhorn | MB | 1888 | 1919 (as CP Railway purchased land on which school was built) | AN |
| Elkhorn Indian Residential School (Washakada Indian Residential School) | Elkhorn | MB | 1925 | 1949 | AN |
| Fort Alexander Indian Residential School | Pine Falls | MB | 1905 | 1970 (June) | RC |
| Guy Hill Indian Residential School | Sturgeon Landing | MB | 1926 (On Sept 4, 1952, the school burned down and the students were relocated to a temporary school in The Pas until a newly built schoolin Clearwater Lake in 1958) | 1979 (June 30) | RC |
| Lake St. Martin Indian Residential School | Fisher River | MB | 1874 (new school built in 1948) | 1963 | AN |
| MacKay Indian Residential School | The Pas | MB | 1915 | 1933 | AN |
| MacKay Indian Residential School | Dauphin | MB | 1955 | 1980 | AN |
| Norway House Methodist Indian Residential School | Norway House | MB | 1900 | 1967(June 30) | MD |
| Pine Creek Indian Residential School (Camperville Indian Residential School) | Camperville | MB | 1890 | 1969 (August 31) | RC |
| Portage la Prairie Methodist Indian Residential School | Portage la Prairie | MB | 1891 | 1975 (June 30) | MD |
| Portage la Prairie Presbyterian Indian Residential | Portage la Prairie | MB | 1895 | 1950 | PB |
| Sandy Bay Indian Residential School | Sandy Bay Reserve | MB | 1905 | 1970 (June 30) | RC |
| St. Boniface Industrial School | St. Boniface | MB | 1891 | 1909 | RC |
| St. Paul’s Industrial School (St. Rupert’s Land Industrial School) | Selkirk | MB | 1886 | 1906 | AN |
| Waterhen Indian Residential School | Waterhen | MB | 1890 | 1900 | RC |
, I
[edit] Northwest Territories
- Aklavik Anglican Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School); Shingle Point; opened 1927; moved to Aklavik 1934 due to overcrowding; closed 1959 (AN)
- Aklavik Catholic Indian Residential School (later Inuvik Indian Residential School); Aklavik; opened 1925; relocated to Inuvik in 1959; Stringer Hall was Anglican Residence and Grollier Hall the RC residence (name of residences) (RC)
- Fort McPherson Indian Residential School; Fort McPherson; opened 1898; closed 1970; Fleming Hall (name of residence); nondenominational (OO)
- Fort Providence Indian Residential School (Providence Mission Indian Residential School); Fort Providence; opened 1867; closed 1953 (RC)
- Fort Resolution Indian Residential School; Fort Resolution; opened 1867; closing date unknown (RC)
- Fort Simpson Indian Residential School (Fort Simpson Boarding School); Fort Simpson; opened 1920; closed 1950; Bompas Hall, Lapointe Hall, St. Margaret’s Hall (names of residences) (RC)
- Fort Simpson Indian Residential School; Fort Simpson; opened 1950; closed 1970; Bompas Hall, Lapointe Hall, St. Margaret’s Hall (names of residences) (OO)
- Hay River Indian Residential School (St. Peter’s Mission Indian Residential School); Hay River; opened 1898; closed 1949 (AN)
- Yellowknife Indian Residential School (Rocher River Day School); Yellowknife; opened 1948; closed 1970; Akaitcho Hall (name of residence) (RC)
[edit] Nova Scotia
- Shubenacadie Indian Residential School; Shubenacadie; opened 1922; closed 1968; (RC)
[edit]
- Chesterfield Inlet Indian Residential School; Chesterfield Inlet; opened 1929; closed 1970; Turquetil (name of residence) (RC)
- Frobisher Bay Indian Residential School; Frobisher Bay; opened 1965; closing date unknown (RC)
[edit] Ontario
- Albany Mission Indian Residential School (Fort Albany Residential School); Fort Albany; opened 1912; closed 1963 (RC)
- Alexandra Industrial School for Girls; Toronto; opened 1897; closing date unknown (OO)
- Alnwick Industrial School; Alderville; opened 1838; closed 1966; worked in partnership with Mount Elgin Indian Residential School (MD)
- Bishop Horden Memorial School (Moose Factory Indian Residential School; Moose Fort Indian Residential School); Moose Factory; opened 1907; closed 1963 (AN)
- Cecilia Jeffrey Indian Residential School; Kenora; opened 1900; closed 1966 (PB)
- Chapleau Indian Residential School (Saint John’s Indian Residential School); Chapleau; opened 1907; closed 1950 (AN)
- Fort Frances Indian Residential School (St. Margaret’s Indian Residential School); Fort Frances; opened 1902; closed 1974 (RC)
- Kenora Indian Residential School; Kenora;no records found;opened 1949; closed 1963 (RC)
- McIntosh Indian Residential School;no records found; Kenora; opened 1924; closed 1969 (RC)
- Mohawk Institute Residential School (Mohawk Manual Labour School; Mush Hole Indian Residential School); Brantford; opened 1828; closed 1969 (AN)
- Mount Elgin Indian Residential School; Muncey Town; opened 1848; closed 1948; worked in partnership with Alnwick (MD)
- Shingwauk Indian Residential School; Garden River; opened 1873; burned down six days after opening (AN)
- Shingwauk Indian Residential School; Sault Ste. Marie; opened 1873; merged with Wawanosh to form a larger school in 1934 (AN)
- Shingwauk Indian Residential School;no records found; (Wawanosh School for Girls); Sarnia; opened 1877; merged with Singwauk in 1934 (AN)
- Shingwauk Indian Residential School ;no records found;(Wawanosh School for Girls; Singwauk Hall); Sault Ste. Marie; opened 1934; closed 1971; (AN) currently houses Algoma University
- Sioux Lookout Indian Residential School ;no records found;(Pelican Lake Day School); Sioux Lookout; opened 1911; closed 1973 (AN)
- Spanish Indian Residential School; Spanish; opened 1883; closed 1965 (RC)
- St. Anne’s Indian Residential School; Fort Albany; opened 1936; closed 1964 (RC)
- St. Joseph’s Indian Boarding School (Fort William Indian Residential School); Fort William; opened 1936; closed 1964 (RC)
- St. Mary’s Indian Residential School; Kenora; opened 1894; closed 1962 (RC)
- Wikwemikong Indian Residential School (Wikwemikong Day School); Manitowaning;yet no records found; opened 1840; closed 1879 (RC)
- Wikwemikong Indian Residential School (Wikwemikong Day School; Wikwemikong Manual Labour School); Manitowaning; residential school opened 1879; closed 1963 (RC)
- Armstrong Indian residential school (armstrong residential school; armstrong home and school) ;yet no records found; armstrong ; residential school and home opened 1880; closed 1891 (RC)
[edit] Quebec
- Amos Indian Residential School (St. Marc's Indian Residential School) Amos, QC; opened 1948; closed 1965 (RC)
- Federal Hostel at George River
- Federal Hostel at Great Whale River (Poste-de-la-Baleine, Kuujjaraapik)
- Federal Hostel at Payne Bay (Bellin)
- Federal Hostel at Port Harrison (Inoucdjouac, Innoucdouac)
- Fort George Hostels (Quebec) for the period of September 1, 1975, to June 30, 1978
- Fort George (St. Phillip's); opened 1934; closed 1979 (AN)
- Fort George (St. Joseph's Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l’Énfant- Jésus); opened 1936; closed 1952 (RC)
- La Tuque Indian Residential School; opened September 1963; closed June 30, 1978 (AN)
- Pointe Bleue Indian Residential School; opened 1956; closed 1965 (RC)
- Sept-Îles (Seven Islands,Notre Dame, Maliotenam); opened 1952; closed 1967 (RC)
[edit] Saskatchewan
- Battleford Industrial School; Battleford, opened 1883; closed 1943 (RC)
- Beauval Indian Residential School; Beauval; opened 1895; closed 1983 (RC) (became Meadow Lake Tribal Council’s Beauval Indian Education Centre which closed in 1995)
- Cowesses Indian Residential School (Marieval Indian Residential School); Marieval; opened 1936; closed 1975 (RC)
- Crowstand Indian Residential School; Kamsack; opened 1888; closed 1913 (PB)
- St. Michael’s Indian Residential School (Duck Lake Indian Residential School); Duck Lake; opened 1892; closed 1996 (RC)
- Emmanuel College; Prince Albert; opened 1865; closed 1923 (AN)
- File Hills Indian Residential School (File Hills Colony School); Okanese Reserve; opened 1889; closed 1949 (MD)
- Gordon Indian Residential School; Punnichy; opened 1889; new school built in 1911, burned down in 1929; closed 1975 (AN)
- Guy Hill Indian Residential School; Sturgeon Landing; opened 1926; the school burned down on September 4, 1952, and the students were relocated to a temporary school in The Pas until a newly built school opened in Clearwater Lake in 1958; closed June 30, 1979 (RC)
- Île-à-la-Crosse Indian Residential School; Île-à-la-Crosse; opened 1878; closing date unknown (RC)
- Lake La Ronge Mission Indian Residential School; La Ronge; opened 1914; new school built in 1920; closed 1947 (AN)
- Muscowequan Indian Residential School; Lestock; opened 1932; closed 1981 (RC)
- Prince Albert Indian Residential School (St. Albans Indian Residential School); Prince Albert; opening date unknown; closed 1951 (AN)
- Prince Albert Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School); Prince Albert; opened in 1865; amalgamated with St. Albans in 1951 to become Prince Albert Indian Residential School in 1951 (AN)
- Prince Albert Indian Residential School; Prince Albert; opened in 1951; closed 1964 (AN)
- Qu’Appelle Indian Residential School (Fort Qu’Appelle Indian Residential School; Lebret Indian Residential School) Lebret; opened 1884; school burned down in 1908; closed 1969 (RC) (Re-opened under the operations of the reserve in 1973, and renamed White Calf Collegiate, but closed in August 1998)[3]
- Regina Indian Residential School; Regina; opened 1890; closing date unknown (PB)
- Round Lake Indian Residential School; Whitewood; opened 1886; closed 1950 (MD)
- St. Anthony’s Indian Residential School (Onion Lake Catholic Indian Residential School); Onion Lake; opened 1891; closed 1968 (RC)
- St. Barnabas Indian Residential School (Onion Lake Indian Residential School); Onion Lake; opened 1893; school burned down in 1943; closed 1951 (AN)
- St. Phillips Indian Residential School (Keeseekoose Day School); Kamsack; opened 1899; closed 1965 (RC)
- Thunderchild Indian Residential School (Delmas Indian Residential School); Delmas; opened 1933; school was burned down by students in 1948 (RC)
[edit] Yukon
- Aklavik Anglican Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School); Shingle Point; opened 1927; moved to Aklavik 1934 due to overcrowding (AN)
- Baptist Indian Residential School (Yukon Indian Residential School); Whitehorse; BP; opened 1900; closed 1968 (BP)
- Carcross Indian Residential School (Forty Mile Boarding School); Fortymile; opened 1891; moved to Carcross in 1910 (AN)
- Carcross Indian Residential School (Chooutla Indian Residential School; Caribou Crossing Indian Residential School); Carcross; opened 1910; closed 1969 (AN)
- St. Paul’s Indian Residential School (St. Paul’s Hall); Dawson; opened 1920; closed 1943 (AN)
- Yukon Hall; Whitehorse; opened 1956; closed 1965; residences for local day school students (AN)
- Lower Post, British Columbia was home to the closest Catholic school, and Yukon's Catholic children were sent there.
[edit] See also
- Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission
- Kamloops Indian Residential School
- Lejac Residential School
- New Zealand Native schools
- Where the Spirit Lives - 1989 film about residential schools
[edit] References
- ^ "List of residential schools". Indian Residential Schools Settlement - Official Court Website. http://residentialschoolsettlement.ca/schools.html. Retrieved 2009-12-02.
- ^ Residential Schools Assembly of First Nations. Retrieved 2009-12-02.
- ^ Lebret - Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Retrieved 2009-12-02.
