List of Mongol Khans

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8 of 15 Khagans of the Mongol Empire.
Mongol Empire and its fragmentation
White paper with vertical lines of red Mongolian text
Seal from Güyük Khan's letter to Pope Innocent IV, 1246. (The Imperial seal of the Mongol Empire)

This is the list of Mongol Khans and Khagans.

Contents

Great Khans of the Mongol Empire [edit]

Mongol Yuan Dynasty [edit]

With the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the Kublaids became emperors of the Yuan Dynasty, who were considered as Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi (Chinese emperor) for native Chinese:

  • Kublai Khan (1260–1294) - Khagan title: Setsen; Temple name: Shizu 1271–1294 Era name: Zhiyuan (至元) 1264-1294
  • Temür Khan - Khagan title: Öljeitu; Temple name: Chengzong - 1294–1307; Era names: Yuanzhen (元貞) 1295-1297; Dade (大德) 1297-1307
  • Khayisan - Khagan title: Khülük; Temple name: Wuzong - 1308-1311; Era name: Zhida (至大) 1308-1311
  • Ayurbarwada - Temple name: Renzong - 1311-1320; Era names: Huangqing (皇慶) 1312-1313; Yanyou (延祐) 1314-1320
  • Shidebala - Khagan title: Gegeen; Temple name: Yingzong - 1321-1323; Era name: Zhizhi (至治) 1321-1323
  • Yesün-Temür - Temple name: Taiding Di - 1323-1328; Era names: Taiding (泰定) 1321-1328; Zhihe (致和) 1328
  • Ragibagh - Temple name: Tianshun Di; Era name: Tianshun (天順) 1328
  • Tugh Temür - Khagan title: Jayaaatu; Temple name: Wenzong - 1328–1329 and 1329–1332; Era names: Tianli (天歷) 1328-1330; Zhishun (至順) 1330-1332
  • Kuśala - Khagan title: Khutughtu; Temple name: Mingzong; Era name: Tianli (天歷) 1329
  • Rinchinbal - Temple name: Ningzong; Era name: Zhishun (至順) 1332
  • Toghun Temür - Khagan title: Ukhaantu; Temple name: Huizong] ; Shundi - 1333-1370; Era names: Zhishun (至順) 1333; Yuantong (元統) 1333-1335; Zhiyuan (至元) 1335-1340; Zhizheng (至正) 1341-1368; Zhiyuan (至元) 1368-1370

Khans of Northern Yuan [edit]

The following Khans are successors of Dayan Khan and directly ruled the Chahar. They had suzerainty over other Mongol tümens, but were unable to exercise their authority over them.

Bogd Khanate [edit]

Khans of Golden Horde [edit]

Left wing (White Horde) [edit]

This Horde was annexed by Abu'l-Khayr Khan of the Shaybanids in 1446.

Right wing (Blue Horde) [edit]

Actual rulers of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus, Kipchak Khanate) were members of the House of Batu until 1361.

Ilkhans of Il Khanate [edit]

After the murder of Arpa, the regional states established during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate raised their own candidates as claimants.

Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):

  • Togha Temür (c. 1338-1353) (recognized by the Kartids 1338-1349; by the Jalayirids 1338-1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338-1341, 1344, 1353)
  • Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür)

Khans of Chagatai Khanate [edit]

The Chagatai Khanate is split into two parts, western and eastern (Moghulistan). For the eastern khans, see Khans of Moghulistan, below.

From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur.

Rulers of Zunghar Khanate [edit]

Upper Mongol Khoshud Khans of Tibet [edit]

  • Güshi Khan Toro-Baikhu (1642–1655)
  • Dayan Ochir Khan (1655–1669)
  • Gonchug Dalai Khan (1669–1698)
  • Lhazang Chingis Khan (1698–1717)

Torghud Khans of the Kalmyks [edit]

  • Khoo-Orlog (d.1644)
  • Shikir-Daichung (1644–1661)
  • Puntsog (1661–1669)
  • Ayuukhi (1669–1724)
  • Tseren-Dondog (1724–1735)
  • Dondug-Ombo (1735–1741)
  • Dondug-Dashi (1741–1761)
  • Ubashi (1762–1771)

References [edit]

  • Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross - The Tarikh-i-rashidi
  • Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
  • Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907-1368
  • William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
  • Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov - Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system

See also [edit]

Mongol Empire (1206–1368)
Politics,
organization
and daily life
Notable cities
Campaigns
and battles
Asia
Middle East
Prominent
people
Great Khans
Khans
Military
Terms
Political and military
Northern Yuan Dynasty (1368–1635)
Political organization Emperors Terms and prominent people
Six Tumen Mongols Four Tumen Oirats Notable cities

Three Eastern Tumens
Khalkha
Chakhar
Uriankhai
Three Western Tumens
Ordos
Tümed
Yungshiyebu

Ukhaantu Khan Toghun-Temur (1333–1370)
Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara (1370–1378)
Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür (1378–1388)
Jorightu Khan Yesüder (1388–1392)?
Engke Khan (?–1392)
Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan (1392–1399)
Gün Temür Khan (1400–1402)
Örüg Temür Khan Gulichi (1402–1408)
Öljei Temür Khan Bunyashiri (1403–1412)
Delbeg Khan (1415)
Oyiradai Khan (1415–1425)
Adai Khan (1425–1438)
Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (1433–1452)
Agbarjin (1453)
Esen Tayisi (1453–1454)
Markörgis Khan (Ükegtü) (1454–1465)
Mulan Khan (1465–1466)
Manduulun Khan (1475–1478)
Dayan Khan (1478–1516)
Bars Bolud Jinong (deputy)
Bodi Alagh Khan (1516–1547)
Darayisung Gödeng Khan (1547–1557)
Tümen Jasaghtu Khan (1557–1592)
Buyan Sechen Khan (1592–1603)
Ligden Khan (1604–1634)
Ejei Khan (1634–1635)
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