List of NASA missions

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This is a list of NASA missions, both manned and unmanned, since its establishment in 1958.

Contents 1 Human spaceflight 1.1 Future 2 Uncrewed missions 2.1 Lunar missions 2.2 Planetary missions 2.2.1 Mercury missions 2.2.2 Venus missions 2.2.3 Mars missions 2.2.4 Jupiter missions 2.2.5 Saturn missions 2.2.6 Uranus missions 2.2.7 Neptune missions 2.2.8 Pluto missions 2.2.9 Multi-planet missions 2.3 Asteroidal/cometary missions 2.4 Interplanetary missions 2.5 Sun observing missions 2.6 Earth satellites 2.6.1 Earth Observing 2.6.2 Space telescopes 2.6.2.1 Great Observatories program 3 Proposed missions 3.1 Other 4 Canceled missions 4.1 Canceled planetary-asteroid missions 5 Discovery Channel program 6 See also 7 References

[edit] Human spaceflight

NASA has successfully launched over 100 manned flights. Three have ended in failure, causing the death of the crew, such as Apollo 1 in 1967, STS-51-L (the Challenger disaster) in 1986, and STS-107 (the Columbia disaster) in 2003:

Program	Start Date	End Date	No. of launched crewed missions	Notes
Mercury program	1959	1963	6	First U.S. crewed program
Gemini program	1963	1966	10	Program used to practice space rendezvous and EVAs
Apollo program	1961	1972	11[1]	Brought first human to the Moon
Skylab	1973	1974	3	The crewed missions only took place in 1973 and 1974; first American space station
Apollo-Soyuz	1975	1975	1	Joint with Soviet Union, only one mission
Space Shuttle	1981	On-going	123	Currently active, first missions in which a spacecraft was reused; planned to end in 2010
Shuttle-Mir Program	1995	1998	9[2]	Russian partnership
International Space Station	1998	On-going	19[3]	Joint with Russia, Canada, ESA, and JAXA along with co-operators, ASI and Brazil
Project Constellation	Future	Future	0	Future program to once again bring humans to the Moon, Mars and beyond

• ^  - Apollo 1 was unlaunched due to a fire during testing that killed the astronauts, and is not counted here
• ^  - The Shuttle-Mir missions were all Space Shuttle missions, and are also counted under the Space Shuttle program missions in the table.
• ^  - The missions (International Space Station) counted here are only the NASA Space Shuttle missions, and are also counted under the Space Shuttle program missions in the table.

[edit] Future

On May 7, 2009 the Obama Administration announced the launch of an independent review of planned U.S. human space flight activities with the goal of ensuring that the nation is on a vigorous and sustainable path to achieving its boldest aspirations in space. The review will be conducted by a blue-ribbon panel of experts led by Norman Augustine, the former CEO of Lockheed Martin, who served on the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology under Democratic and Republican presidents.

The "Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans" is to examine ongoing and planned National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) development activities, as well as potential alternatives, and present options for advancing a safe, innovative, affordable, and sustainable human space flight program in the years following Space Shuttle retirement. The panel will work closely with NASA and will seek input from the United States Congress, the White House, the public, industry, and international partners as it develops its options. It is to present its results in time to support an Administration decision on the way forward by August 2009.^[1]

[edit] Uncrewed missions

[edit] Lunar missions

• Ranger
• Surveyor
• Lunar Orbiter
• Clementine
• Lunar Prospector
• Moon Mineralogy Mapper (NASA instrument for ISRO's Chandraayan-1 spacecraft)
• Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
• GRAIL (Planned for 2011)

[edit] Planetary missions

[edit] Mercury missions

• Mariner 10
• MESSENGER

[edit] Venus missions

• Mariner 2, 5 and 10
• Pioneer Venus (Pioneer 12 & Pioneer 13)
• Magellan

[edit] Mars missions

• Mariner 4, 6, 7 and 9
• Viking 1 and 2
• Mars Observer
• Mars Pathfinder
• Mars Climate Orbiter
• Mars Polar Lander
• Mars Global Surveyor
• 2001 Mars Odyssey
• Mars Exploration Rovers
• Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
• Phoenix Lander
• Mars Science Laboratory (Planned for 2011)
• MAVEN (Planned for 2013)
• Astrobiology Field Laboratory (Planned for 2016)
• Mars Scout 3 Mission (Planned for 2018) [4]
• Mars Planetary Evolution and Meteorology Network (Planned for 2020) [5]
• Mars Sample Return Mission (ESA partnership) (Planned for 2016-2024)^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Jupiter missions

• Pioneer 10
• Pioneer 11
• Voyager 1
• Voyager 2
• Galileo
• New Horizons
• Juno (Planned for 2011)
• Europa Jupiter System Mission together with ESA (planned for 2020)

[edit] Saturn missions

• Pioneer 11

• Voyager 1

• Voyager 2

• Cassini-Huygens together with ESA

• Titan Saturn System Mission together with ESA (planned launch after 2020)

[edit] Uranus missions

• Voyager 2

[edit] Neptune missions

• Voyager 2

[edit] Pluto missions

• New Horizons

[edit] Multi-planet missions

• Pioneer 11 – Jupiter and Saturn
• Mariner 10 – Venus and Mercury
• Voyager 1 – Jupiter and Saturn
• Voyager 2 – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
• New Horizons – Jupiter, Pluto

[edit] Asteroidal/cometary missions

• NEAR Shoemaker
• Deep Space 1
• Stardust
• Deep Impact
• Dawn

[edit] Interplanetary missions

• Pioneer 6, 7, 8 and 9 – Solar wind, solar magnetic field and cosmic rays

[edit] Sun observing missions

• Solar Maximum Mission
• SOHO – ESA partnership
• Ulysses – ESA partnership
• STEREO
• Solar Dynamics Observatory (Planned for 2010)

[edit] Earth satellites

[edit] Earth Observing

• Explorer I^{[citation needed]}
• Complete list of Earth Observing System (EOS) missions: http://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/eos_homepage/mission_profiles/index.php
• Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)
• Landsat http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/
• MODIS http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/
• MISR http://www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/
• Orbiting Carbon Observatory http://oco.jpl.nasa.gov/
• SeaWiFS Ocean color http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/SeaWiFS/
• Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
• THEMIS
• TIMED (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics)

[edit] Space telescopes

[edit] Great Observatories program

• Hubble Space Telescope – ESA partnership
• Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
• Chandra X-ray Observatory
• Spitzer Space Telescope (formerly known as the Space Infrared Telescope Facility, SIRTF)

[edit] Proposed missions

• Glory (proposed)

[edit] Other

• Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)
• Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)
• Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS)
• Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)
• Uhuru
• 1st High Energy Astrophysics Observatory (HEAO 1)
• Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2)
• James Webb Space Telescope – ESA partnership (Planned for 2013)

[edit] Canceled missions

[edit] Canceled planetary-asteroid missions

• Mars Telecommunications Orbiter (cancelled)
• JIMO (cancelled)
• CRAF (cancelled)
• Pluto Kuiper Express (cancelled; New Horizons is replacement)

[edit] Discovery Channel program

In 2008, Discovery Channel aired a six-part documentary on the NASA missions, entitled "When We Left Earth: The NASA Missions." Narrated by award-winning actor Gary Sinise, the mini-series uses never before seen footage exclusively from NASA's film vault.

[edit] See also

v • d • e Spaceflight lists and timelines General spaceflight All spaceflights (records) · Space exploration (milestones 1957–1969) · Rocket and missile technology Human spaceflight General Crewed spacecraft (timeline) · Spaceflights (by program) · Soviet/Russian · Mercury · Gemini · Apollo · Shenzhou Salyut Expeditions · Spaceflights (manned · unmanned) · Visitors · Spacewalks Mir Expeditions · Spaceflights (manned · unmanned) · Visitors · Spacewalks ISS Expeditions · Spaceflights (manned · unmanned) · Visitors · Spacewalks Shuttle Missions (timeline) · Crews · Rollbacks People By name · By nationality (timeline) · Astronauts (by name · by selection · Apollo) EVA Spacewalks and moonwalks 1965-1999 · 2000 to present · Cumulative spacewalk records · Spacewalkers Solar System exploration Timeline · Probes (by status · timeline · escaping) · Interplanetary flights · Landings on other planets (objects left) · Objects at Lagrangian points Earth-orbiting satellites Earth observation satellites (timeline) · Communications satellite firsts · Cubesats · Geosynchronous · GOES · Kosmos · Magnetospheric · NRO · TDRS · USA Vehicles Spacecraft (uncrewed · crewed) · Launch systems · Small lift launch systems · Medium lift launch systems · Heavy lift launch systems · Super-heavy lift launch systems · Sounding rockets · Upper stages Launches by rocket type Ariane · Atlas · Black Brant · Long March · Proton · R-7 · Thor & Delta · Titan · V-2 tests Agencies, companies, facilities Space agencies · Space tourism companies · Largest fixed satellite operators · Spacecraft manufacturers · Spaceports · Rocket launch sites Other mission lists and timelines Constellation missions · First orbital launches · NASA missions · Space Race

v • d • e National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Policy & History NACA (1915) · National Aeronautics and Space Act (1958) · Paine (1986) · Rogers (1986) · Ride (1987) · Space Exploration Initiative (1989) · Augustine (1990) · U.S. National Space Policy (1996) · CFUSAI (2002) · CAIB (2003) · Vision for Space Exploration (2004) · Aldridge (2004) · Augustine (2009) General: Space Race · Administrators · Chief Scientist · NASA Budget · NASA spin-off · NASA TV Robotic Programs Past New Millennium · Hitchhiker · Pioneer · Mariner · Lunar Orbiter · Ranger · Surveyor · Viking · Planetary Observer · Mariner Mark II · MESUR · Mars Surveyor '98 Current Living With a Star · Lunar Precursor Robotic Program · Earth Observing System · Great Observatories program · Explorer · Small explorer · Voyager · Discovery · New Frontiers · Mars Exploration Rover · Project Prometheus · Mars Scout Human spaceflight Programs Past X-15 (suborbital) · Mercury · Gemini · Apollo · Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (with USSR) · Skylab · Shuttle–Mir (with Russia) Current Space Shuttle program · International Space Station program Future/Planned Constellation program Individual Featured Missions (Human and robotic) Past COBE · Magellan · Pioneer 10/11 · Voyager 1/2 · Galileo Currently Operating WISE · MRO · Mars Odyssey · Dawn · New Horizons · Kepler · Space Shuttle · International Space Station · Hubble Space Telescope · Spitzer · RHESSI · WMAP · SWIFT · GALEX · THEMIS · Mars Exploration Rover · Cassini · GOES 14 · Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Future SDO · GOES-P  · Aquarius · Glory · NuSTAR · GRAIL · NPP  · James Webb Space Telescope · Juno · MAVEN · EJSM · JDEM · RBSP · MSL · Constellation program: Ares I · Ares V · Orion · Altair · LISA · IXO Space Comm and Nav (SCaN) Space Network · Near Earth Network · Deep Space Network (Goldstone · Madrid · Canberra) NASA Categories and Lists NASA personnel · NASA programs · NASA probes · NASA images · NASA NASA Astronaut Groups · List of astronauts by selection · List of NASA contractors

[edit] References