List of common Chinese surnames

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This is a list of the top 100 most common Chinese surnames according to a study published in 2006.[1] Their ranks in 1990[2] are shown by the side. Mandarin, Cantonese, Minnan and Gan transliterations are displayed. Other transliterations, used before the formalization and popularization of existing Romanizations, still can be found in the names of some overseas Chinese. Transliterations in other Chinese languages used by some overseas Chinese whose ancestral mother tongue is neither Mandarin, Cantonese or Minnan also exist, as well as pronunciations in other languages, particularly Korean and Vietnamese, in which these surnames are commonly used. Certain surnames transliterated into other Asian languages are unique only to the particular group of people; for example, many ethnic Chinese living in Vietnam bear modified versions of their original surnames, but only a few are used by ethnic Vietnamese. Similarly, Japanese transliterations are very rarely carried by ethnic Japanese in Japan, instead they are used by ethnic Chinese and Koreans.

Contents


[edit] Popularity Rankings [3]

Rank Char. Mandarin Cantonese Min Nan (Hokkien, Taiwanese, Teochew) Gan Vietnamese Korean
(%RR)		 Japanese Other
Ranking Uncited 1990 ranking T. S. Pinyin W-G1 Other Jyutping HK Gov't2 Other Pe̍h-ōe-jī Other
1 3 李 Lǐ Li Lee Lei5 Lee
Li		 Le
Lei4		 Lí Lee
Lie
Dee		 Lî Lý
Rank 14
 Lee/Yi/Ri/Rhee (이/리)
Rank 2		 Ri Ley (Latin America); Dy, Sy (Philippines)
2 1 王 Wáng Wang   Wong4 Wong Vong4 Ông Ong
Heng (of Teochew descent)		 Uōng Vương
Rank 19		 Wang (왕) Ō Ong (Philippines)
3 4 張 张 Zhāng Chang   Zoeng1 Cheung Cheong4
Chong5		 Tiuⁿ Teo
Teoh
Tio
Thio
Tiew		 Chong
Tong		 Trương Jang (장)
Rank 9		 Chō Chang, Tiu, Tiong, Teo(Philippines, Malaysia), Singapore), Sutiono / Tjong (Indonesia)
4 5 劉 刘 Liú Liu Liou Lau4 Lau Lao4
Lou		 Lâu Lau
Low
Lao
Lauw		 Līu Lưu
Rank 27		 Yu/Ryu (유/류) Ryū Lao (Philippines)
5 2 陳 陈 Chén Ch'en (Chen) Chern Can4 Chan Chun Tân Tan
Chan
Ting		 Chhín
Thín		 Trần/ Chein
Rank 2		 Jin (진) Chin Ding;
Chan, Tan (Philippines, Indonesia)
6 6 楊 杨 Yáng Yang   Joeng4 Yeung Yeong
Ieong4		 Iûⁿ Eaw
Yeo
Yeoh
Yong		 Iōng Dương/ Huan (Wang)
Rank 13		 Yang (양) Yō ()
7 7 黃 黄 Huáng Huang Hwang Wong4 Wong Wang
Vong4		 Ng Ng
Eng
Wee
Oei
Ooi
Bong
Uy
Ung		 Uōng Hoàng (皇)
Huỳnh
Rank 5
 Hwang (황)
Rank 16		 Kō  
8 12 趙 赵 Zhào Chao   Ziu6 Chiu Chio4
Jiu		 Tiō Teo
Teoh
Chew		 Chhèu
Thèu		 Triệu
Rank 23		 Jo (조)
Rank 7		 Chō Chu
(Hawaiian)
9 10 周 Zhōu Chou Joe Zau1 Chow Jao4
Chau		 Chiu Chew
Chiew
Jew		 Chiu
Tiu		 Chu
Châu		 Ju (주) Shū  
10 8 吳 吴 Wú Wu Woo Ng4 Ng Ung4
Eng		 Gô·
Ngô·		 Goh
Gouw		 Ng Ngô
Rank 12
 Oh (오)
Rank 11		 Go (of Chinese descent)
Kure (of Japanese descent)		  
11 14 徐 Xú Hsü (Hsu)   Ceoi4 Tsui Choi4
Chui
Tsua		 Chhî Chee
Swee
Shui
Djie
Tjhie		 Chhí
Thí		 Từ Seo (서)
Rank 13		 Jo Dharmadjie/Christiadjie (Indonesia)  
12 15 孫 孙 Sūn Sun Suen Syun1 Suen Sun Sun
Soon		 Sng Sun
Thun		 Tôn
Rank 26		 Son (손)
Rank 15		 Son Suan (Philippines)
13 16 朱 Zhū Chu Choo Zyu1 Chu Chue Chu
Chee		 Choo Chu
Tu		 Châu
Rank 22		 Ju (주) Shu Gee, Ju
14 18 馬 马 Mǎ Ma   Maa5 Ma Mah
Mar		 Má
Bé		 Baey Má Mã Ma (마) Ba  
15 23 胡 Hú Hu   Wu4 Wu Woo
Vu4		 Hoo
Ô·
Aw
Auw		 Oon Ū
Fū		 Hồ
Rank 11		 Ho (호) Ko  
16 20 郭 Guō Kuo   Gwok3 Kwok Kuok4 Koeh Koay
Kwik
Quek
Quay
Kwek		 Kuok
Kok		 Quách Gwak (곽)(37th most common Korean Surname) Kaku (かく)(of Japanese descent & rank 51st most common Japanese surname) Ker, Kho, Kwok (Philippines), Kwik (Indonesia)  
17 9 林 Lín Lin   Lam4 Lam Lum Lîm Lim
Liem		 Līm Lâm
Rank 15		 Im/Rim
(임/림)
Rank 10		 Rin (of Chinese descent)
Hayashi (of Japanese descent)
Rank 19		 Lim (Philippines)  
18 21 何 Hé Hê, Ho   Ho4 Ho Hô Hoe Hoh Hó Hà Ha (하) Ka Ho
19 17 高 Gāo Kao   Gou1 Ko Kou4
Go		 Koh   Kau Cao Go (고) Kō
20 19 梁 Liáng Liang   Loeng4 Leung Leong
Lang
Leng		 Niû Neo
New
Nio
Njoo		 Liōng Lương Yang, Ryang
(양, 량)		 Ryō  
21 22 鄭 郑 Zhèng Cheng Jehng Zeng6 Cheng Cheang4
Chiang4		 Tēⁿ
Tīⁿ		 Chung
Tay
Teh
The
They
Teay		 Chhìn
Thìn		 Trịnh
Rank 20		 Jeong (정)
Rank 5		 Tei Ching (Philippines)
22 32 羅 罗 Luó Lo   Lo4 Lo Law
Loh
Lowe
Lor		 Lô   Lō La Na/Ra
(나/라)		 Ra Lo (Philippines)
23 35 宋 Sòng Sung Soong Sung3 Sung   Sòng   Sūng
Thūng		 Tống Song (송)
Rank 17		 Sō  
24 29 謝 谢 Xiè Hsieh Shieh Ze6 Tse Che4 Chiā, Siā Cheah
Tjhia
Tjia
Chay
Seah
Shea		 Sià
Chhià
Hà		 Tạ Sa (사)3 Sha Saa, Sese, Sia (Philippines)
25 30 唐 Táng T'ang (Tang)   Tong4 Tong   Tn̂g Tng Thóng Đường Dang (당) Tō Tang (Philippines)
Rank Char. Mandarin Cantonese Min Nan (Hokkien/Taiwanese/Teochew) Gan Vietnamese Korean Japanese Other
2006 1990 T. S. Pinyin W-G1 Other Jyutping HK Gov't2 Other Pe̍h-ōe-jī Other
26 42 韓 韩 Hán Han   Hon4 Hon   Hân Han Hón Hàn Han (한) Rank 11 Kan Hang  
27 37 曹 Cáo Ts'ao (Tsao)(Cao)   Cou4 Tso Chaw Chou4 Chô Chháu
Tháu		 Tào Jo (조)3 Sō  
28 31 許 许 Xǔ Hsü (Hsu)   Heoi2 Hui
Hooi		 Hoi4 Khó· Koh
Kho
Khor
Co
Khaw
Khouw		 Hí
Hé		 Hứa Heo (허) (about 300,000) Kyo; Co, Ko (Philippines)  
29 27 鄧 邓 Dèng Teng Dang6 Tang Theng Dung Tēng   Thèn Đặng
Rank 8		 Deung (등)3 Tō Deang (Philippines)
30 55 蕭 萧 肖 Xiāo Hsiao Siu1 Siu Sio4 Siau Siow Seow Sieu
Thieu		 Tiêu So (소) Shō Siao
31 34 馮 冯 Féng Feng Ferng Fung4 Fung Fong Pâng Pang
Phang
Fong		 Fūng Phùng
Rank 21		 Pung (풍) Fū  
32 25 曾 Zēng Tseng Tzeng Zang1 Tsang Chang4
Dong		 Chan   Chin
Tin		 Tăng
Tang		 Jeung (증)3 Sō Tjan
(Indonesia)
33 60 程 Chéng Ch'eng (Cheng)   Cing4 Ching Cheng4 Thiâⁿ   Chháng
Tháng		 Trình Jeong (정) Tei  
34 24 蔡 Cài Ts'ai (Tsai) Chai, Tsay Coi3 Choi Choy
Tsoi
Toy		 Chhoà Chua
Choa
Tjoa		 Chhói
Thói		 Thái
Sái		 Chae (채) Sai Chua (Philippines)
35 79 彭 Péng P'eng (Peng)   Paang4 Pang   Phêⁿ, Phîⁿ   Pháng Bành Paeng (팽) Hō Phang
(Jamaican), Pay
(Cambodian/Khmer), Pang (Philippines)
36 51 潘 Pān P'an (Pan)   Pun1 Poon Pun4 Phoaⁿ Phua Phon Phan
Rank 6		 Ban (반) Han  
37 33 袁 Yuán Yüan (Yuan)   Jyun4 Yuen Wan Un4 Oân Iōn
Iēn		 Nguyen
Viên		 Won (원) En Yan (Philippines)
38 41 于 Yú Yü (Yu)   Jyu1 Yue U4 Î, Û   Ī Vu U (우) U Yu (Philippines)
39 40 董 Dǒng Tung   Dung2 Tung Tong4 Táng   Tûng Đổng Dong (동) Tō  
40 61 余 Yú Yü (Yu)   Jyu4 Yu, Yue U4
Yee		 Î, Û Ee Ī Dư Yeo (여) Yo Eu, Ya, Oe (Indonesia)
41 36 蘇 苏 Sū Su   Sou1 So Sou4 Soh Souw Su
Thu		 Tô So (소) So Soo
42 11 葉 叶 Yè Yeh Yee
Ee		 Jip6 Yip Ip
Yeap		 Ia̍p Yap Iep Diệp Yeop (엽) Yō Yap (Philippines)
43 13 呂 吕 Lǚ Lü (Lu)   Leoi5 Lui Loi4 Loy Lee
Lī
Lū		 Lî Lữ
Lã		 Yeo/Ryeo
(여/려)		 Ryo Loy (Tausug)
44 62 魏 Wèi Wei   Ngai6 Ngai   Gūi Wee Ngùi Nguỵ
Ngụy		 Wi (위) Gi  
45 44 蔣 蒋 Jiǎng Chiang Chung Zoeng2 Tseung Cheung Cheong4
Chiang		 Chiúⁿ Chiông
Tiông		 Tưởng Jang (장) Shō Chiong (Philippines)
46 58 田 Tián T'ien (Tien)   Tin4 Tin Chan   Tiân Thién Điền Jeon (밭) Den  
47 48 杜 Dù Tu   Dou6 To Do
Tou4		 Tō· Toh Thù Đỗ
Rank 10		 Du (두) To  
48 49 丁 Dīng Ting   Ding1 Ting Ding
Teng4		 Teng   Tiang Đinh
Rank 16		 Jeong (정) Tei  
49 28 沈 Shěn Shen   Sam2 Sum Sam4
Shum		 Sím Shim Sím
Thím		 Thẩm
Trầm		 Shim (심) Shin  
50 52 姜 Jiāng Chiang Kiang Goeng1 Keung Geung
Keong4		 Kiang
Kiuⁿ		   Kiong Khương Kang (강)
Rank 6		 Kyō  
Rank Char. Mandarin Cantonese Min Nan (Hokkien/Taiwanese/Teochew) Gan Vietnamese Korean Japanese Other
2006 1990 T. S. Pinyin W-G1 Other Jyutping HK Gov't2 Other Pe̍h-ōe-jī Other
51 65 范 Fàn Fan   Faan6 Fan   Hum Hoān
Huan
Wan		 Fàn
Phạm
Rank 4		 Beom (범) Han  
52 87 江 Jiāng Chiang Kiang Gong1 Kong   Kang   Kong Giang Gang (강) Kō Kong
(Hakka)
53 106 傅 Fù Fu   Fu6 Fu, Foo   Poh
Pha		   Fù Phó Bu
(부)		 Fu Po (Philippines)
54 46 鍾 钟 Zhōng Chung   Zung1 Chung Chong4 Chiong
Cheng		   Chung
Tung		 Chung Jong (종) Shō  
55 66 盧 卢 Lú Lu   Lou4 Lo Lou4 Lô· Loh
Loo		 Lū Lư
Lô		 No/Ro
(노, 로)		 Ryo  
56 75 汪 Wāng Wang   Wong1 Wong   Ong
Ang		   Uong Uông Wang (왕) Ō  
57 64 戴 Dài Tai   Daai3 Tai   Tè   Thài Đái
Đới		 Dae (대) Tai Ty, Tee (Philippines)
58 59 崔 Cuī Ts'ui (Tsui) Tsuei Ceoi1 Chui Choi4 Chui
Sam		   Chhoi
Thoi		 Thôi Choi (최)
Rank 4		 Sai  
59 43 任 Rén Jen   Jam6 Yam Iam4
Yum		 Jîm   Nìm Nhiệm
Nhậm		 Im (임) Jin  
60 38 陸 陆 Lù Lu   Luk6 Luk Lok4 Lio̍k Loke Liuk Lục Ryuk (륙)
Yuk (육)
3		 Riku  
61 82 廖 Liào Liao   Liu6 Liu Lew/ Leow/Liew
Lio4		 Liow Liāu
Liauw
Liaw
Liow		 Lièu Liêu
Liệu		 Ryo (료) Ryō  
62 50 姚 Yáo Yao   Jiu4 Yiu Yeow
Io4
Iu4		 Yow Iâu Iēu Diêu Yo (요) Yō  
63 47 方 Fāng Fang   Fong1 Fong   Png, Hong   Fong Phương Bang (방) Hō Pō
64 56 金 Jīn Chin Kim Gam1 Kam Gum Kim   Kim Kim Kim (김)
Rank 1		 Kin  
65 54 邱 Qiū Ch'iu (Chiu) Chiou Jau1 Yau Iao<4
Iau4		 Khu, Cu Khoo
Koo		 Khiu Khưu Koo (구) Kyū Hew, Hiew, Chiew (Malaysia)
66 69 夏 Xià Hsia   Haa6 Ha   Hā Hah Hà Hạ Ha (하) Ka  
67 53 譚 谭 Tán T'an (Tan)   Taam4 Tam Tom
Ham
Hom		 Thâm Tham Thóm Đàm Dam (담) Tan  
68 120 韋 韦 Wéi Wei   Wai4 Wai Vai4     Uī Vi Wi (위) I  
69 57 賈 贾 Jiǎ Chia   Gaa2 Ga   Ká   Ká Giả Ga (가), Go (고) Ka  
70 74 鄒 邹 Zōu Tsou   Zau1 Chow Jao4
Chau		 Cho·   Chiu
Tiu		 Trâu Chu (추) Sū  
71 78 石 Shí Shih   Sek6 Sek, Shek Seac<4
Seak4		 Chioh Chew Sak
Thak		 Thạch Dol (돌) Seki  
72 133 熊 Xióng Hsiung   Hung4 Hung Hong4     Hiōng Hùng Ung (웅) Yū  
73 99 孟 Mèng Meng   Maang6 Mang   Bēng   Mèn Mạnh Maeng (맹, Mang (망) Mō  
74 81 秦 Qín Ch'in (Chin)   Ceon4 Tseun
Tseon
Chun		 Chon4 Chîn   Chhín
Thín		 Tần Jin (진) Shin  
75 92 閻 阎 Yán Yen   Jim4 Yim Im4 Giâm   Iēm Diêm Yeom (염) En  
Rank Char. Mandarin Cantonese Min Nan (Hokkien (Fujian)/Teochew) Gan Vietnamese Korean Japanese Other
2006 1990 T. S. Pinyin W-G1 Other Jyutping HK Gov't2 Other Pe̍h-ōe-jī Other
76 63 薛 Xuē Hsüeh (Hsueh)   Sit3 Sit   See
Seet
 Sih Siot
Siet
Thiet		 Tiết Seol (설) Setsu  
77 68 侯 Hóu Hou   Hau4 Hau Hao4 Hâu
Jao		   Héu Hầu Hu (후,혜) Kō  
78 102 雷 Léi Lei   Leoi4 Lui Loi4     Lūi Lôi Roe (뢰) , Noe (뇌) Rai Louie or Louis
(Hoisan)
79 70 白 Bái Pai Bo, Po Baak6 Pak   Pe̍h, Pe̍k Peh Phak Bạch Baek (백) Haku  
80 108 龍 龙 Lóng Lung   Lung4 Lung
Loong		 Long4 Lêng   Lūng Long Ryong (룡), Yong (용)
Rong (롱), Nong (농)

Bang (방)
 Ryū  
81 118 段 Duàn Tuan   Dyun6 Tuen Tun4 Tōaⁿ
Tōan
Tn̂g
Then̄g		   Thòn Đoàn Dan (단) Dan  
82 110 郝 Hǎo Hao   Kok3 Kok       Hok Hác Hak (학) Kaku  
83 128 孔 Kǒng K'ung (Kung)   Hung2 Hung Hong4     Khúng Khổng Kong (공) Kō  
84 88 邵 Shào Shao Shaw Siu6 Shiu Sio4 Siō   Sèu
Thèu		 Thiệu So (소) Shō  
85 76 史 Shǐ Shih   Si2 Sze Si4 See
Seet
Sú		   Sí
Thí		 Sử Sa (사) Shi  
86 89 毛 Máo Mao   Mou4 Mo Mou4 Mô·   Māu Mao Mo (털) Mō  
87 94 常 Cháng Ch'ang (Chang)   Soeng4 Sheung Seong4 Siông   Sōng
Thōng		 Thường Sang (상) Jō  
88 97 萬 万 Wàn Wan   Maan6 Man   Bān   Màn Vạn Man (만) Ban  
89 45 顧 顾 Gù Ku   Gu3 Gu Goo
Ku		 Kò·   Kū Cố Go (고) Ko  
90 86 賴 赖 Lài Lai Lay   Laai6 Lai Lay   Lài Lōa Roe (뢰) , Noe (뇌) Rai Lại
91 130 武 Wǔ Wu   Mou5 Mo Mou4     Mú Vũ
Võ
Rank 7		 Mu (무) Bu  
92 95 康 Kāng Kang   Hong1 Hong   Khng   Khong Khang Gang (강) Kō  
93 71 賀 贺 Hè Hê, Ho   Ho6 Ho   Hō   Hò Hạ Ha (하) Ga  
94 93 嚴 严 Yán Yen   Jim4 Yim Im4 Giâm   Nghiēm Nghiêm Eom (엄) Gen  
95 101 尹 Yǐn Yin Yiin Wan5 Wan       Ín Doãn Yun (윤)
Rank 8		 In  
96 72 錢 钱 Qián Ch'ien (Chien)   Cin4 Chin Chee   Chîⁿ Chhién
Thién		 Tiền Jeon (전) Sen  
97 84 施 Shī Shih   Si1 Sze Si Si See Si
Thi		 Thi Si (시), I (이) Shi Schultz, See, Sy (Philippines)
98 96 牛 Niú Niu   Ngau4 Ngau Ngao4 Gû   Ngiēu Ngưu U (우) Gyū  
99 67 洪 Hóng Hung   Hung4 Hung Hong4 Âng Ang Fūng Hồng Hong (홍)
Rank 20		 Kō  
100 80 龔 龚 Gōng Kung   Gung2 Kung Kwong Kong4 Kióng Kung Cung Gong (공) Kyū  
Rank Char. Mandarin Cantonese Min Nan (Hokkien (Fujian)/Teochew) Gan Vietnamese Korean Japanese Other
2006 1990 T. S. Pinyin W-G1 Other Jyutping HK Gov't2 Other Pe̍h-ōe-jī Other
The following from the 1990 list are no longer within the 2006 top 100.
  26 佘 Shé She   Se4 Sheh Se4
Shai		 Sia   Sa
Tha		 Xà Sa (사)3 Sha  
  39 麥 麦 Mài Mai   Mak6 Mak Muk Be̍h Beh
Mark		 Mak Mạch Maek (맥)3 Baku  
  73 莊 庄 Zhuāng Chuang   Zong1 Chong   Chng Ching/Ch'ng Chong
Tong		 Trang Jang (장) Shō  
  77 路 Lù Lu   Lou6 Lo Lou4 Lō·   Lù Lộ Ro (로), No (노) Ro  
  83 黎 Lí Li   Lai4 Lai   Lê Loy Lī Lê
Rank 3
 Ryeo (려), Yeo (여) Rei  
  85 符 Fú Fu   Fu6 Foo Fu Pò·   Fū Phó Bu (부) Fu  
  90 邢 Xíng Hsing   Jing4 Ying Ieng4 Hêng   Hīn Hình Hyeong (형) Kei  
  91 倪 Ní Ni   Ngai4 Ngai   Gê   Ngī Nghê Ye (예) Gei  
  98 陶 Táo T'ao (Tao)   Tou4 Tou Tow Tô   Tháu Đào Do (도) Tō  
  100 葛 Gě Kê, Ko   Got3 Kot   Kat   Kot Cát Gal (갈) Katsu  
  1. Unofficial versions of Wade-Giles transliterations, (with diacritics removed) appear in parentheses. Currently, Wade-Giles is used primarily to romanize Taiwanese names, and often appears (erroneously) without the diacritics.
  2. This is the romanization used most often by the Hong Kong Government in transliterating names for birth certificates and identity cards. It is an unsystematic method based on the Meyer-Wempe system, without any of the aspiration marks and diacritics.
  3. None or very few in South Korean 2000 census (foreigners' households not included). Only indicated for Chinese 40 most common surnames, not checked for Chinese 41–100. Names 1–40 whose Korean rank or number is not indicated have more than 1.000 bearers according to the census, but are not among the most common 16 names.
  4. Portuguese transliteration only used in Macau
  5. Common Americanised spelling

[edit] History

  • 2006 – Ranking based on a multi-year survey and study conducted by Yuan Yida, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, using a sample size of 296 million, spread across 1,110 counties and cities. A total of 4,100 surnames recorded.
  • November 2004 – China issued its first set of postage stamps, for each of the top 100 Chinese family names (based on a 1982 government survey).[4]
  • 1990 – Sample size of 174,900.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "Newest 100 Surnames". 2006-01-10. http://culture.163.com/06/0110/09/273JO40F00280003.html. Retrieved 2006-12-30. 
  2. ^ "Zhongwen.com: Top 200 Chinese Family Names". 1990. http://zhongwen.com/xingshi.htm. Retrieved 2006-12-30. 
  3. ^ 2006 study by Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, conducted by Yuan Yida. Sampling of 296,000,000 (of 1,300,000,000) Chinese, covering 1100 (of 2862) counties and cities across China, and adjusted according to population proportion
  4. ^ "China issues first set of stamps of Chinese family names". People's Daily Online. 2004-11-19. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200411/19/eng20041119_164456.html. Retrieved 2006-12-30. 

[edit] External links

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