List of criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates

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This is a listing of criminal groups and associations, the primary purpose of which is to generate income through illegal means. It does not cover groups that primarily engage in such activity for funding political and/or military objectives (such as terrorist organizations), or groups which have been accused (or have had members accused) of such activity but are not inherently criminal in their nature (such as motorcycle clubs or Chinese-American Tongs).

Contents

[edit] Drug cartels

In several drug-producing or transit countries, drug traffickers have taken advantage of local corruption and lack of law enforcement to establish cartels turning in millions if not billions of dollars each year. Sometimes if government enforcement is particularly poor, the cartels become quasi-paramilitary organizations.

[edit] Latin America

[edit] Asia

[edit] Italian organized crime

Organized crime in Italy, especially the south, has existed for hundreds of years and has given rise to a number of notorious organizations with their own traditions and subculture which have managed to infiltrate almost every part of Italian society.[16] The Italian mafia is often thought of as being the archetype for organized crime worldwide.

[edit] American Mafia

Italian immigrants to the United States in the early 20th century formed various small-time gangs which gradually evolved into sophisticated crime syndicates which dominated organized crime in America for several decades. Although government crackdowns and a less-tightly knit Italian-American community have largely reduced their power, they remain an active force in the underworld.

[edit] Active crime families

[edit] Defunct mafia families

[edit] Canadian mafia families

[edit] Non-Italian, American crime syndicates

The United States is built on immigration, and as such criminal gangs of all backgrounds have developed a power base there.

[edit] Jewish mafia

[edit] African-American organized crime

[edit] Irish Mob

[edit] Post-Soviet organized crime

Although organized crime existed in the Soviet era, the gangs really gained in power and international reach during the transition to capitalism. The term Russian Mafia, 'mafiya' or mob is a blanket (and somewhat inaccurate) term for the various organized crime groups that emerged in this period from the 15 former republics of the USSR and unlike their Italian counterparts does not mean members are necessarily of Russian ethnicity or uphold any ancient criminal traditions, although this is the case for some members.

[edit] Balkan organized crime

Balkan organized crime gained prominence in the chaos following the communist era, notably the transition to capitalism and the wars in former Yugoslavia.

[edit] British crime 'firms'

[edit] Other European crime syndicates

[edit] Yakuza organizations

The yakuza of Japan are similar to the Italian mafias in they originated centuries ago and follow a rigid set of traditions, but have several aspects that make them unique, such as their full-body tattoos and their fairly open place in Japanese society. Many yakuza groups are umbrella organizations, smaller gangs reporting to a larger crime syndicate.

[edit] Active yakuza groups

[edit] Defunct yakuza groups

[edit] Triads and other Chinese criminal organizations

The Triads is a popular name for a number of Chinese criminal secret societies, which have existed in various forms over the centuries (see for example Tiandihui). However not all Chinese gangs fall into line with these traditional groups, as many non-traditional criminal organizations have formed, both in China and the Chinese diaspora.

Triads

[edit] Other Asian organized crime

[edit] South Asian criminal organizations

[edit] Middle Eastern organized crime

[edit] Other crime syndicates

[edit] Cybercrime networks

As society enters the Information Age, certain individuals take advantage of easy flow of information over the Internet to commit online fraud or similar activities. Often the hackers will form a network to better facilitate their activities. On occasion the hackers will be a part of a criminal gang involved in more 'blue collar crime', but this is unusual.

[edit] Drug and smuggling rings

Smuggling is a behavior that has occurred ever since there were laws or a moral code that forbade access to a specific person or object. At the core of any smuggling organization is the economic relationship between supply and demand. From the organization's point of view, the issues are what the consumer wants, and how much the consumer is willing to pay the smuggler or smuggling organization to obtain it.

[edit] Prison gangs

Prisons are a natural meeting place for criminals, and for the purposes of protection from other inmates and business prisoners join gangs. These gangs often develop a large influence outside the prison walls through their networks. Most prison gangs do more than offer simple protection for their members. Most often, prison gangs are responsible for any drug, tobacco or alcohol handling inside correctional facilities. Furthermore, many prison gangs involve themselves in prostitution, assaults, kidnappings and murders. Prison gangs often seek to intimidate the other inmates, pressuring them to relinquish their food and other resources. In addition, prison gangs often exercise a large degree of influence over organized crime in the "free world", larger than their isolation in prison might lead one to expect.

[edit] Non American

[edit] American

[edit] Street gangs

Youth gangs have often served as a recruiting ground for more organized crime syndicates, where juvenile delinquents grow up to be full-fledged mobsters, as well as providing muscle and other low-key work. Increasingly, especially in the United States and other western countries, street gangs are becoming much more organized in their own right with a hierarchical structure and are fulfilling the role previously taken by traditional organized crime.

[edit] Non American

[edit] American

[edit] African-American

[edit] Asian American

[edit] Hispanic

[edit] Historical

[edit] Miscellaneous

[edit] Historical

[edit] See also

[edit] References

 This article uses bare URLs for citations. Please consider adding full citations so that the article remains verifiable. Several templates and the Reflinks tool are available to assist in formatting. (Reflinks documentation) (February 2012)
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  115. ^ "SAN FRANCISCO / Youths Plead Guilty In Extortion Attempt". Sfgate.com. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/03/25/MNR6BA2.DTL. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  116. ^ "Man in Blast Linked to Fireworks Gang / He was involved in illegal sales in '80s and '90s, S.F. cops say". Sfgate.com. 1998-05-20. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1998/05/20/MN79431.DTL. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  117. ^ "A MEMOIR" By Bill Lee". "Chinese Playground. http://www.chineseplayground.com/sample.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  118. ^ "五花八門大雜燴_黑幫". Cybertranslator.idv.tw. http://www.cybertranslator.idv.tw/misc_gang.htm. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  119. ^ "Bemboo Tigers". Brockmorris.com. http://www.brockmorris.com/btigers/btigers04-6.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  120. ^ a b "The Presence". Brockmorris.com. http://www.brockmorris.com/btigers/btigers06-3.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
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  122. ^ a b "New York City Chinatown > Newspaper Articles". Nychinatown.org. http://www.nychinatown.org/articles/nytimes030511.html?20065. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
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  125. ^ "A MEMOIR" By Bill Lee". "Chinese Playground. http://www.chineseplayground.com/sample.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  126. ^ "Handbook of organized crime in the United States - Robert J. Kelly, Ko-lin Chin, Rufus Schatzberg - Google Boeken". Books.google.com. http://books.google.com/books?id=CWg1Efv5C5UC&printsec=frontcover&dq=#PPA219,M1. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  127. ^ "This Boy's Life - NAM". News.ncmonline.com. http://news.ncmonline.com/news/view_article.html?article_id=753&section_id=2. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
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  129. ^ "Fireworks". Brockmorris.com. http://www.brockmorris.com/btigers/btigers07-2.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
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  132. ^ "SAN FRANCISCO / Man Who Was Mistakenly Freed Is Rearrested". Sfgate.com. 1999-08-04. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/08/04/MNR3BA15.DTL. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  133. ^ "Fifth Chinese restaurant attacked". smh.com.au. 2002-06-20. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/06/19/1023864457120.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  134. ^ Melissa Lane (2005-04-27). "Gang Today, Hair Tomorrow - Page 1 - News - San Francisco". SF Weekly. http://www.sfweekly.com/2005-04-27/news/gang-today-hair-tomorrow/. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  135. ^ "Tong Leader In Chinatown Is Convicted - New York Times". Nytimes.com. 1995-01-18. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/18/nyregion/tong-leader-in-chinatown-is-convicted.html. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  136. ^ Leo, John (1985-07-08). "Law: Parasites on Their Own People". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,959570,00.html?iid=digg_share. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
  137. ^ "LA Times - L.A., Glendale unite to fight gang". Articles.latimes.com. 2008-11-18. http://articles.latimes.com/2008/nov/18/local/me-injunction18. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
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  141. ^ Vincent, Isabel (2007) Bodies and Souls: The Tragic Plight of Three Jewish Women Forced Into Prostitution in the Americas Random House of Canada, ISBN 0679311637
  142. ^ "Cops shoot dead four Mamak Gang members". The Star. http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/9/2/nation/20080902195317&sec=nation. Retrieved 2012-02-19. 
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  146. ^ Smith, Jeff (2009). Alias Soapy Smith: The Life and Death of a Scoundrel, Klondike Research. ISBN 0-9819743-0-9
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