List of culinary vegetables
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of plants that have a culinary role as vegetables. "Vegetable" can be used in several senses, including culinary, botanical and legal. This list includes botanical fruits such as pumpkins, and does not include herbs, spices, cereals and most culinary fruits and culinary nuts. Currently, edible fungi are not included on this list. Legal vegetables are defined for regulatory, tax and other purposes. Examples include tomatoes, which are a botanical berry, but a culinary vegetable for US tax purposes, and even tomato sauce as found on pizza, which is considered a vegetable for use in school lunches in the US.[1]
Some culinary vegetables (like laver) are not even members of the plant kingdom, although mushrooms and other fungi are kept off the list for this reason.
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[edit] Leafy and salad vegetables
Main article: List of leaf vegetables
- Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus)
- Arugula (Eruca sativa)
- Beet greens (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)
- Bitterleaf (Vernonia calvoana)
- Bok choy (Brassica rapa Chinensis group)
- Broccoli Rabe (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa)
- Brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea Gemmifera group)
- Cabbage (Brassica oleracea Capitata group)
- Catsear (Hypochaeris radicata)
- Celery (Apium graveolens)
- Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. asparagina)
- Ceylon spinach (Basella alba)
- Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla)
- Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius subsp. aconitifolius)
- Chickweed (Stellaria)
- Chicory (Cichorium intybus)
- Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa Pekinensis and Chinensis groups)
- Chinese Mallow (Malva verticillata)
- Chrysanthemum leaves (Chrysanthemum coronarium)
- Collard greens (Brassica oleracea)
- Corn salad (Valerianella locusta)
- Cress (Lepidium sativum)
- Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
- Endive (Cichorium endivia)
- Epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides)
- Fat hen (Chenopodium album)
- Fiddlehead (Pteridium aquilinum, Athyrium esculentum)
- Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis)
- Garden Rocket (Eruca sativa)
- Golden samphire (Inula crithmoides)
- Good King Henry (Chenopodium bonus-henricus)
- Greater Plantain (Plantago major)
- Kai-lan (Brassica rapa Alboglabra group)
- Kale (Brassica oleracea Acephala group)
- Komatsuna (Brassica rapa Pervidis or Komatsuna group)
- Kuka (Adansonia spp.)
- Lagos bologi (Talinum fruticosum)
- Lamb's lettuce (Valerianella locusta)
- Land cress (Barbarea verna)
- Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
- Lizard's tail (Houttuynia cordata)
- Melokhia (Corchorus olitorius, Corchorus capsularis)
- Miner's Lettuce
- Mizuna greens (Brassica rapa Nipposinica group)
- Mustard (Sinapis alba)
- Napa cabbage (Brassica rapa Pekinensis group)
- New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides)
- Orache (Atriplex hortensis)
- Pak choy (Brassica rapa Chinensis group)
- Paracress (Acmella oleracea)
- Pea sprouts/leaves (Pisum sativum)
- Poke (Phytolacca americana)
- Radicchio (Cichorium intybus)
- Samphire (Crithmum maritimum)
- Sea beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima)
- Sea kale (Crambe maritima)
- Sierra Leone bologi (Crassocephalum spp.)
- Soko (Celosia argentea)
- Sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
- Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)
- Summer purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
- Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla var. flavescens)
- Tatsoi (Brassica rapa Rosularis group)
- Turnip greens (Brassica rapa Rapifera group)
- Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)
- Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)
- Winter purslane (Claytonia perfoliata)
- Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)
[edit] Fruits
See also: List of gourds and squashes
- Avocado (Persea americana)
- Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum)
- Bitter melon/Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)
- Courgette (Cucurbita pepo)
- Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
- Ivy Gourd (Coccinia grandis)
- Eggplant/Aubergine/Brinjal (Solanum melongena)
- Pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.)
- Squash (Cucurbita spp.)
- Sweet corn aka corn; aka maize (Zea mays)
- Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum Grossum group)
- Tinda (Praecitrullus fistulosus)
- Tomatillo (Physalis philadelphica)
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var)
- Winter melon (Benincasa hispida)
- West Indian gherkin (Cucumis anguria)
- Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo)
[edit] Flowers and flower buds
Main article: Edible flowers
- Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus, C. scolymus)
- Broccoli (Brassica oleracea)
- Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea)
- Courgette flowers (Cucurbita spp.)
- Squash blossoms (Cucurbita spp.)
[edit] Podded vegetables (Legumes)
See also: Types of beans
- American groundnut (Apios americana)
- Azuki bean (Vigna angularis)
- Black-eyed pea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata)
- Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
- Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
- Drumstick (Moringa oleifera)
- Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus)
- Fava bean (Vicia faba)
- Garbanzo (Cicer arietinum)
- Green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
- Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)
- Gumbo (Abelmoschus esculentus)
- Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)
- Indian pea (Lathyrus sativus)
- Lentil (Lens culinaris)
- Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus)
- Moth bean (Vigna acontifolia)
- Mung bean (Vigna radiata)
- Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
- Pea (Pisum sativum)
- Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
- Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan)
- Ricebean (Vigna umbellata)
- Runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus)
- Snap pea (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon)
- Snow pea (Pisum sativum var. saccharatum)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Tarwi (tarhui, chocho; Lupinus mutabilis)
- Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)
- Urad bean (Vigna mungo)
- Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens)
- Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
- Yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)
[edit] Bulb and stem vegetables
- Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
- Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus)
- Celeriac (Apium graveolens var. rapaceum)
- Celery (Apium graveolens)
- Elephant Garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum)
- Florence fennel (Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce)
- Garlic (Allium sativum)
- Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Gongylodes group)
- Kurrat (Allium ampeloprasum var. kurrat)
- Leek (Allium porrum)
- Lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera)
- Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica)
- Onion (Allium cepa)
- Spring Onion/Scallion (Allium wakegi)
- Prussian asparagus (Ornithogalum pyrenaicum)
- Shallot (Allium cepa Aggregatum group)
- Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum)
- Wild leek (Allium tricoccum)
[edit] Root and tuberous vegetables
Main article: List of root vegetables
- Ahipa (Pachyrhizus ahipa)
- Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza)
- Bamboo shoot (Bambusa vulgaris and Phyllostachys edulis)
- Beetroot (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)
- Burdock (Arctium lappa)
- Broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia)
- Camas (Camassia)
- Canna (Canna spp.)
- Carrot (Daucus carota)
- Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
- Chinese artichoke (Stachys affinis)
- Daikon (Raphanus sativus Longipinnatus group)
- Earthnut pea (Lathyrus tuberosus)
- Elephant Foot yam (Amorphophallus_paeoniifolius)
- Ensete (Ensete ventricosum)
- Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
- Gobo (Arctium lappa)
- Hamburg parsley (Petroselinum crispum var. tuberosum)
- Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)
- Jícama (Pachyrhizus erosus)
- Manioc (Manihot esculenta)
- Mooli (Raphanus sativus Longipinnatus group)
- Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
- Pignut (Conopodium majus)
- Plectranthus (Plectranthus spp.)
- Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
- Prairie turnip (Psoralea esculenta)
- Radish (Raphanus sativus)
- Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
- Rutabaga (Brassica napus Napobrassica group)
- Salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius)
- Scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica)
- Skirret (Sium sisarum)
- Swede (Brassica napus Napobrassica group)
- Sweet Potato or Kumara (Ipomoea batatas)
- Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
- Ti (Cordyline fruticosa)
- Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus)
- Turnip (Brassica rapa Rapifera group)
- Ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus)
- Water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis)
- Yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius)
- Yam (Dioscorea spp.)
[edit] Sea vegetables
- Aonori (Monostroma spp., Enteromorpha spp.)
- Carola (Callophyllis variegata)
- Dabberlocks or badderlocks (Alaria esculenta)
- Dulse or dillisk (Palmaria palmata)
- Hijiki (Hizikia fusiformis)
- Kombu (Laminaria japonica)
- Laver (or gim) (Porphyra spp.)
- Mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus)
- Nori (Porphyra spp.)
- Ogonori (Gracilaria spp.)
- Sea grape (Caulerpa spp.)
- Sea kale (Crambe maritima)
- Sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca)
- Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida)
[edit] References
- ^ "Tomato sauce on pizza is a vegetable, says Congress; GOP says healthier school lunches are too expensive". New York Daily News. November 16, 2011. http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/tomato-sauce-pizza-a-vegetable-congress-gop-healthier-school-lunches-expensive-article-1.978339. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
