List of device bit rates

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  (Redirected from List of device bandwidths)
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2011)

This is a list of device bit rates, or physical layer information rates, net bit rates, useful bit rates, peak bit rates or digital bandwidth capacity, at which digital interfaces of computer peripheral equipment and network devices can communicate over various kinds of buses and networks.

The distinction can be arbitrary between a bus, (which is inside a box and usually relies on many parallel wires), and a communications network cable, (which is external, between boxes and rarely relies on more than four wires). Many device interfaces or protocols (e.g., SATA, USB, SCSI, PCI and a few variants of Ethernet) are used both inside many-device boxes, such as a PC, and one-device-boxes, such as a hard drive enclosure. Accordingly, this page lists both the internal ribbon and external communications cable standards together in one sortable table.

Contents

Factors limiting actual performance, criteria for real decisions [edit]

Most of the listed rates are theoretical maximum throughput measures; in practice, the actual effective throughput is almost inevitably lower in proportion to the load from other devices (network/bus contention), interframe gap, and other overhead in data link layer protocols etc. The maximum goodput (for example, the file transfer rate) may be even lower due to higher layer protocol overhead and data packet retransmissions caused by line noise or interference such as crosstalk, or lost packets in congested intermediate network nodes. All protocols lose something, and the more robust ones that deal resiliently with very many failure situations tend to lose more maximum throughput to get higher total long term rates.

Device interfaces where one bus transfers data via another will be limited to the throughput of the slowest interface, at best. For instance, SATA 6G controllers on one PCIe 5G channel will be limited to the 5G rate and have to employ more channels to get around this problem. Early implementations of new protocols very often have this kind of problem. The physical phenomena on which the device relies (such as spinning platters in a hard drive) will also impose limits; for instance, no spinning platter shipping in 2009 saturates SATA II (3 Gbit/s), so moving from this 3 Gbit/s interface to USB3 at 4.8 Gbit/s for one spinning drive will result in no increase in realized transfer rate.

Contention in a wireless or noisy spectrum, where the physical medium is entirely out of the control of those who specify the protocol, requires measures that also use up throughput. Wireless devices, BPL, and modems may produce a higher line rate or gross bit rate, due to error-correcting codes and other physical layer overhead. It is extremely common for throughput to be far less than half of theoretical maximum, though the more recent technologies (notably BPL) employ preemptive spectrum analysis to avoid this and so have much more potential to reach actual gigabit rates in practice than prior modems.

Another factor reducing throughput is deliberate policy decisions made by Internet service providers that are made for contractual, risk management, aggregation saturation, or marketing reasons. Examples are rate limiting, bandwidth throttling, and the assignment of IP addresses to groups. These practices tend to minimize the throughput available to every user, but maximize the number of users that can be supported on one backbone.

Furthermore, chips are often not available in order to implement the fastest rates. AMD, for instance, does not support the 32-bit HyperTransport interface on any CPU it has shipped as of the end of 2009. Additionally, WiMax service providers in the US typically support only up to 4 Mbit/s as of the end of 2009.

Choosing service providers or interfaces based on theoretical maxima is unwise, especially for commercial needs. A good example is large scale data centers, which should be more concerned with price per port to support the interface, wattage and heat considerations, and total cost of the solution. Because some protocols such as SCSI and Ethernet now operate many orders of magnitude faster than when originally deployed, scalability of the interface is one major factor, as it prevents costly shifts to technologies that are not backward compatible. Underscoring this is the fact that these shifts often happen involuntarily or by surprise, especially when a vendor abandons support for a proprietary system.

Conventions [edit]

By convention, bus and network data rates are denoted either in bit/s (bits per second) or byte/s (bytes per second). In general, parallel interfaces are quoted in byte/s and serial in bit/s. The more commonly used is shown below in bold type.

On devices like modems, bytes may be more than 8 bits long because they may be individually padded out with additional start and stop bits; the figures below will reflect this. Where channels use line codes (such as Ethernet, Serial ATA and PCI Express), quoted rates are for the decoded signal.

The figures below are simplex data rates, which may conflict with the duplex rates vendors sometimes use in promotional materials. Where two values are listed, the first value is the downstream rate and the second value is the upstream rate.

All quoted figures are in metric decimal units, where:

  • 1 byte (B) = 8 bit
  • 1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s
  • 1 Mbit/s = 1,000,000 bit/s
  • 1 Gbit/s = 1,000,000,000 bit/s
  • 1 kB/s = 1,000 byte/s
  • 1 MB/s = 1,000,000 byte/s
  • 1 GB/s = 1,000,000,000 byte/s
  • 1 TB/s = 1,000,000,000,000 byte/s

Note that this goes against the traditional use of binary prefixes for memory size. These decimal prefixes have long been established in data communications. This occurred before 1998 when IEC and other organizations introduced new binary prefixes and attempted to standardize their use across all computing applications.

Bandwidths [edit]

The figures below are grouped by network or bus type, then sorted within each group from lowest to highest bandwidth; gray shading indicates a lack of known implementations.

TTY/Teletypewriter or telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) [edit]

Technology Max. rate (bit/s) Max. rate (characters/s) Year
TTY (V.18) 45.4545 bit/s 6 characters/s[1]
TTY (V.18) 50 bit/s 6.6 characters/s
NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning 1 kbit/s ~100 characters/s

Modems—narrow and broadband [edit]

The bytes column of this particular table shows a net data transfer rate after the protocol overhead has been removed. (The other device tables show bit rate equivalents.)

Technology Rate (kbit/s) Rate (kbyte/s) Year
Narrowband (POTS: 3.1 kHz channel) — — —
Morse code (skilled operator) 70015600000000000000.056 kbit/s 4 cps (~40 wpm)[2] 1844
Modem 110 baud (symbols / second) (Bell 101) 70021100000000000000.11 kbit/s 70018000000000000000.010 kB/s (~10 cps)[3] 1959
Modem 300 (300 baud) (Bell 103 or V.21) 70023000000000000000.3 kbit/s 70022400000000000000.03 kB/s (~30 cps)[3] 1962[4]
Modem 1200 (600 baud) (Bell 212A or V.22) 70031200000000000001.2 kbit/s 70029600000000000000.12 kB/s (~120 cps)[3] 1976
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud) (V.23) 70031200000000000001.2/0.075 kbit/s 70031200000000000000.12/0.0075 kB/s (~120 cps)[3]
Modem 2400 (600 baud) (V.22bis) 70032400000000000002.4 kbit/s 70031920000000000000.24 kB/s[3]
Modem 4800 (1600 baud) (V.27ter) 70034800000000000004.8 kbit/s 70033840000000000000.48 kB/s[3]
Modem 9600 (2400 baud) (V.32) 70039600000000000009.6 kbit/s 70037680000000000000.96 kB/s[3] 1989[4]
Modem 14.4 (2400 baud) (V.32bis) 700414400000000000014.4 kbit/s 70041440000000000001.8 kB/s[3] 1991[4]
Modem 28.8 (3200 baud) (V.34-1994) 700428800000000000028.8 kbit/s 70042320000000000002.9 kB/s[3] 1994
Modem 33.6 (3429 baud) (V.34-1996/98) 700433600000000000033.6 kbit/s 70042640000000000003.3 kB/s[3] 1996[5]
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud) (V.90) 700456000000000000056.0/33.6 kbit/s[6] 70045600000000000005.6/3.3 kB/s 1998
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud) (V.92) 700456001000000000056.0/48.0 kbit/s[6] 70045600100000000005.6/4.8 kB/s 2001
Modem data compression (variable) (V.92/V.44) 700456003000000000056.0–320.0 kbit/s[6] 70045600300000000005.6–32 kB/s
ISP-side text/image compression (variable) 700456003000000000056.0–1000.0 kbit/s 70045600300000000005.6–100 kB/s
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel) 700464000000000000064/128 kbit/s[7] 70046400000000000008/16 kB/s 1986[8]
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels) 7005144000000000000144 kbit/s 700514400000000000018 kB/s 2000[9]
Broadband (hundreds of kHz wide) — — —
HDSL ITU G.991.1 aka DS1 70061544000000000001,544 kbit/s 7006154400000000000193 kB/s 1998[10]
MSDSL 70062000000000000002,000 kbit/s 7006200000000000000250 kB/s
SDSL 70062320000000000002,320 kbit/s 7006232000000000000290 kB/s
SHDSL ITU G.991.2 70065690000000000005,690 kbit/s 7006568800000000000711 kB/s 2001
ADSL (G.Lite) 70061536000000000001,536/512 kbit/s 7005192000000000000192/64 kB/s 1998
ADSL (G.DMT) 70068192000000000008,192/1,024 kbit/s 70068192000000000001,024/128 kB/s 1999
ADSL2 700712288000000000012,288/1,440 kbit/s 70071228800100000001,536/180 kB/s 2002
ADSL2+ 700724576000000000024,576/3,584 kbit/s 70072457600000000003,072/448 kB/s 2003
DOCSIS v1.0[11] (Cable modem) 700738000000000000038,000/9,000 kbit/s 70073800000000000004,750/1,125 kB/s 1997
DOCSIS v2.0[12] (Cable modem) 700738000001000000038,000/27,000 kbit/s 70073800000100000004,750/3,375 kB/s 2001
DOCSIS v3.0[13] (Cable modem) 7008160000000000000160,000/120,000 kbit/s 700816000000000000020,000/15,000 kB/s (~200,000,000 wpm) 2006
Uni-DSL 7008200000000000000200,000 kbit/s 700820000000000000025,000 kB/s
VDSL ITU G.993.1 700752000000000000052,000 kbit/s 70075600000000000007,000 kB/s 2001
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 7008100000000000000100,000 kbit/s 700810400000000000013,000 kB/s 2006
BPON (G.983) fiber optic service 7008622000000000000622,000/155,000 kbit/s 700862200000000000077,700/19,300 kB/s 2005[14]
GPON (G.984) fiber optic service 70092488000000000002,488,000/1,244,000 kbit/s 7009248800000000000311,000/155,500 kB/s (~3 billion+ wpm) 2008[15]

Mobile telephone interfaces [edit]

Technology Download rate (bit/s) Upload rate (bit/s) Download rate (byte/s) Upload rate (byte/s) Year
GSM CSD (2G) 700414400000000000014.4 kbit/s[16] 700414400000000000014.4 kbit/s 70041440000000000001.8 kB/s 70041440000000000001.8 kB/s
HSCSD 700457600000000000057.6 kbit/s 14.4 kbit/s 70045760000000000005.4 kB/s 1.8 kB/s
GPRS (2.5G) 700457601000000000057.6 kbit/s 28.8 kbit/s 70045760100000000007.2 kB/s 3.6 kB/s
WiDEN 7005100000000000000100 kbit/s 7005100000000000000100 kbit/s 700510000000000000012.5 kB/s 700510000000000000012.5 kB/s
CDMA2000 1×RTT 7005153000000000000153 kbit/s 7005153000000000000153 kbit/s 700514400000000000018 kB/s 700514400000000000018 kB/s
EDGE (2.75G) (type 1 MS) 7005236800000000000236.8 kbit/s 7005236800000000000236.8 kbit/s 700523680000000000029.6 kB/s 700523680000000000029.6 kB/s
UMTS 3G 7005384000000000000384 kbit/s 7005384000000000000384 kbit/s 700538400000000000048 kB/s 700538400000000000048 kB/s
EDGE (type 2 MS) 7005473600000000000473.6 kbit/s 7005473600000000000473.6 kbit/s 700547360000000000059.2 kB/s 700547360000000000059.2 kB/s
EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS) 70061184000000000001,184 kbit/s 474 kbit/s 7006118400000000000148 kB/s 59 kB/s
EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS) 70061894000000000001,894 kbit/s 947 kbit/s 7006189400000000000237 kB/s 118 kB/s
1×EV-DO rev. 0 70062457000000000002,457 kbit/s 153 kbit/s 7006245700000000000307.2 kB/s 19 kB/s
1×EV-DO rev. A 70063100000000000003.1 Mbit/s 1.8 Mbit/s 7006310000000000000397 kB/s 230 kB/s
1×EV-DO rev. B 700714700000000000014.7 Mbit/s 5.4 Mbit/s 70061470000000000001,837 kB/s 675 kB/s
HSPA (3.5G) 700713976000000000013.98 Mbit/s 5.760 Mbit/s 70072109600000000001,706 kB/s 720 kB/s
4×EV-DO Enhancements (2×2 MIMO) 700734400000000000034.4 Mbit/s 12.4 Mbit/s 70073440000000000004.3 MB/s 1.55 MB/s
HSPA+ (2×2 MIMO) 700742000000000000042 Mbit/s 11.5 Mbit/s 70074200000000000005.25 MB/s 1.437 MB/s
15×EV-DO rev. B 700773500000000000073.5 Mbit/s 27 Mbit/s 70077350000000000009.2 MB/s 3.375 MB/s
UMB (2×2 MIMO) 7008140000000000000140 Mbit/s 34 Mbit/s 700814000000000000017.5 MB/s 4.250 MB/s
LTE (2×2 MIMO) 7008173000000000000173 Mbit/s 58 Mbit/s 700817300000000000021.625 MB/s 7.25 MB/s
UMB (4×4 MIMO) 7008280000000000000280 Mbit/s 68 Mbit/s 700828000000000000035 MB/s 8.5 MB/s
EV-DO rev. C 7008280000001000000280 Mbit/s 75 Mbit/s 700828000000100000035 MB/s 9 MB/s
LTE (4×4 MIMO) 7008326000000000000326 Mbit/s 86 Mbit/s 700832600000000000040.750 MB/s 10.750 MB/s

Wide area networks [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
DS0 70046400000000000000.064 Mbit/s 70046400000000000000.008 MB/s
G.Lite (aka ADSL Lite) 70031536000000000001.536/0.512 Mbit/s 70031536000000000000.192/0.064 MB/s
DS1/T1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface) 70061544000000000001.544 Mbit/s 70061536000000000000.192 MB/s
E1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface) 70062048000000000002.048 Mbit/s 70062048000000000000.256 MB/s
G.SHDSL 70062304000000000002.304 Mbit/s 70062304000000000000.288 MB/s
LR-VDSL2 (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional) 70064000000000000004 Mbit/s 70064096000000000000.512 MB/s
SDSL[17] 70062320000000000002.32 Mbit/s 70062320000000000000.29 MB/s
T2 70066312000000000006.312 Mbit/s 70066312000000000000.789 MB/s
ADSL[18] 70038000000000000008.0/1.024 Mbit/s 70038000000000000001.0/0.128 MB/s
E2 70068448000000000008.448 Mbit/s 70068448000000000001.056 MB/s
ADSL2 700412000000000000012/3.5 Mbit/s 70041200000000000001.5/0.448 MB/s
Satellite Internet[19] 700416000000000000016/1 Mbit/s 70041600000000000002.0/0.128 MB/s
ADSL2+ 700424000000000000024/3.5 Mbit/s 70042400000000000003.0/0.448 MB/s
E3 700734368000000000034.368 Mbit/s 70073436800000000004.296 MB/s
DOCSIS v1.0 (Cable modem)[11] 700755620000000000055.62/42.88 Mbit/s 700710240000000000010.24 Mbit/s
DOCSIS v2.0 (Cable modem)[12] 700755620000000000055.62/42.88 Mbit/s 700730720000000000030.72 Mbit/s
DS3/T3 ('45 Meg') 700744736000000000044.736 Mbit/s 70074474000000000005.5925 MB/s
STS-1/EC-1/OC-1/STM-0 700751840000000000051.84 Mbit/s 70075184000000000006.48 MB/s
VDSL (symmetry optional) 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
DOCSIS v3.0 (Cable modem)[13] 7008222480000000000222.48/171.52 Mbit/s 7008122880000000000122.88 Mbit/s
OC-3/STM-1 7008155520000000000155.52 Mbit/s 700815552000000000019.44 MB/s
VDSL2 (symmetry optional) 7008250000000000000250 Mbit/s 700825000000000000031.25 MB/s
T4 7008274176000000000274.176 Mbit/s 700827417600000000034.272 MB/s
T5 7008400352000000000400.352 Mbit/s 700840035200000000050.044 MB/s
OC-9 7008466560000000000466.56 Mbit/s 700846656000000000058.32 MB/s
OC-12/STM-4 7008622080000000000622.08 Mbit/s 700862208000000000077.76 MB/s
OC-18 7008933120000000000933.12 Mbit/s 7008933120000000000116.64 MB/s
OC-24 70091244000000000001.244 Gbit/s 7009124400000000000155.5 MB/s
OC-36 70091900000000000001.900 Gbit/s 7009190000000000000237.5 MB/s
OC-48/STM-16 70092488000000000002.488 Gbit/s 7009248832000000000311.04 MB/s
OC-96 70094976000000000004.976 Gbit/s 7009497664000000000622.08 MB/s
OC-192/STM-64 70099953000000000009.953 Gbit/s 70099952000000000001.244 GB/s
10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY 70099953000000000009.953 Gbit/s 70099952000000000001.244 GB/s
10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN PHY 701010000000000000010.000 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
OC-256 701013271000000000013.271 Gbit/s 70101327200000000001.659 GB/s
OC-768/STM-256 701039813000000000039.813 Gbit/s 70103980800000000004.976 GB/s
OC-1536/STM-512 701079626000000000079.626 Gbit/s 70107962400000000009.953 GB/s
OC-3072/STM-1024 7011159252000000000159.252 Gbit/s 701115925600000000019.907 GB/s

Local area networks [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
LocalTalk 7005230000000000000230 kbit/s 700523040000000000028.8 kB/s
Econet 7005800000000000000800 kbit/s 7005800000000000000100 kB/s 1981
Omninet 70061000000000000001 Mbit/s 7006100000000000000125 kB/s
IBM PC Network 70062000000000000002 Mbit/s 7006200000000000000250 kB/s 1985
ARCNET (Standard) 70062500000000000002.5 Mbit/s 7006250000000000000312.5 kB/s 1977
Token Ring (Original) 70064000000000000004 Mbit/s 7006400000000000000500 kB/s 1985
Ethernet (10BASE-T) 700710000000000000010 Mbit/s 70071000000000000001.25 MB/s 1980 (1985 IEEE Standard)
Token Ring (Later) 700716000000000000016 Mbit/s 70071600000000000002 MB/s 1989
ARCnet Plus 700720000000000000020 Mbit/s 70072000000000000002.5 MB/s 1992
Token Ring IEEE 802.5t 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
Fast Ethernet (100BASE-TX) 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s 1995
FDDI 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
MoCA 1.0[20] 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
MoCA 1.1[20] 7008175000000000000175 Mbit/s 700817500000000000021.875 MB/s
HomePlug AV 7008200000000000000200 Mbit/s 700820000000000000025 MB/s 2005
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400[21][22] 7008400000000000000400 Mbit/s 700840000000000000050 MB/s 1995
HIPPI 7008800000000000000800 Mbit/s 7008800000000000000100 MB/s
IEEE 1901 70091000000000000001,000 Mbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s 2010
Token Ring IEEE 802.5v 70091000000000000001 Gbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s 2001
Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T) 70091000000000000001 Gbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s 1998
Reflective Memory or RFM2 (1.25 µs latency) 70092000000000000002 Gbit/s 7009188000000000000235 MB/s 1970
Myrinet 2000 70092000000000000002 Gbit/s 7009200000000000000250 MB/s
Infiniband SDR 1×[23] 70092000000000000002 Gbit/s 7009200000000000000250 MB/s
RapidIO Gen1 1x 70092500000000000002.5 Gbit/s 7009250000000000000312.5 MB/s
Quadrics QsNetI 70093600000000000003.6 Gbit/s 7009360000000000000450 MB/s
Infiniband DDR 1×[23] 70094000000000000004 Gbit/s 7009400000000000000500 MB/s
RapidIO Gen2 1x 70095000000000000005 Gbit/s 7009500000000000000625 MB/s
Infiniband QDR 1×[23] 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s
Infiniband SDR 4×[23] 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s
Quadrics QsNetII 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s
RapidIO Gen1 4x 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 2x 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-X) 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
Myri 10G 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
Infiniband DDR 4×[23] 701016000000000000016 Gbit/s 70101600000000000002 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 4x 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70102000000000000002.5 GB/s
Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70102000000000000002.5 GB/s
Infiniband SDR 12×[23] 701024000000000000024 Gbit/s 70102400000000000003 GB/s
Infiniband EDR 1×[23] 701025000000000000025 Gbit/s 70102500000000000003.125 GB/s
Infiniband QDR 4×[23] 701032000000000000032 Gbit/s 70103200000000000004 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 8x 701040000000000000040 Gbit/s 70104000000000000005 GB/s
40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GBASE-X) 701040000000000000040 Gbit/s 70104000000000000005 GB/s
Infiniband DDR 12×[23] 701048000000000000048 Gbit/s 70104800000000000006 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 16x 701080000000000000080 Gbit/s 701080000000000000010 GB/s
Infiniband QDR 12×[23] 701096000000000000096 Gbit/s 701096000000000000012 GB/s
Infiniband EDR 4×[23] 7011100000000000000100 Gbit/s 701110000000000000012.5 GB/s
100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GBASE-X) 7011100000000000000100 Gbit/s 701110000000000000012.5 GB/s
Infiniband EDR 12×[23] 7011300000000000000300 Gbit/s 701130000000000000037.5 GB/s

Wireless networks [edit]

802.11 networks in infrastructure mode are half-duplex; all stations share the medium. In access point (infrastructure) mode, all traffic has to pass through the AP (Access Point). Thus, two stations on the same AP which are communicating with each other must have each and every frame transmitted twice: from the sender to the access point, then from the access point to the receiver. This approximately halves the effective bandwidth. In ad hoc mode devices communicate directly (like with a crossover cable) rather than to the network (like through a hub).

Standard Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
Classic WaveLAN 70062000000000000002 Mbit/s 7006200000000000000250 kB/s 1988
IEEE 802.11 70062000000000000002 Mbit/s 7006200000000000000250 kB/s 1997
RONJA 700710000000000000010 Mbit/s 70071000000000000001.25 MB/s
IEEE 802.11a 700754000000000000054 Mbit/s 70075400000000000006.75 MB/s 1999
IEEE 802.11b 700711000000000000011 Mbit/s 70071100000000000001.375 MB/s 1999
IEEE 802.11g 700754000000000000054 Mbit/s 70075400000000000006.75 MB/s 2003
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) 700770000000000000070 Mbit/s 70077000000000000008.75 MB/s 2004
IEEE 802.11g with Super G by Atheros 7008108000000000000108 Mbit/s 700810800000000000013.5 MB/s 2003
IEEE 802.11g with 125 High Speed Mode by Broadcom 7008125000000000000125 Mbit/s 700812500000000000015.625 MB/s 2003
IEEE 802.11g with Nitro by Conexant 7008140000000000000140 Mbit/s 700814000000000000017.5 MB/s 2003
IEEE 802.11n 7008600000000000000600 Mbit/s 700860000000000000075 MB/s 2009
IEEE 802.11ac (maximum theoretical speed) 70096930000000000006.93 Gbit/s 7009680000000000000850 MB/s 2012
IEEE 802.11ad (maximum theoretical speed) 70097138000000000007.138 Gbit/s 7009680000000000000850 MB/s 2011

Wireless personal area networks [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
ANT 700420000000000000020 kbit/s 70042000000000000002.5 kB/s
IrDA-Control 700472000000000000072 kbit/s 70047200000000000009 kB/s
IrDA-SIR 7005115200000000000115.2 kbit/s 700511200000000000014 kB/s
802.15.4 (2.4 GHz) 7005250000000000000250 kbit/s 700525000000000000031.25 kB/s
Bluetooth 1.1 70061000000000000001 Mbit/s 7006100000000000000125 kB/s 2002
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR 70063000000000000003 Mbit/s 7006300000000000000375 kB/s 2004
IrDA-FIR 70064000000000000004 Mbit/s 7006400000000000000500 kB/s
IrDA-VFIR 700716000000000000016 Mbit/s 70071600000000000002 MB/s
Bluetooth 3.0 700724000000000000024 Mbit/s 70072400000000000003 MB/s 2009
Bluetooth 4.0 700724000000000000024 Mbit/s 70072400000000000003 MB/s 2010
IrDA-UFIR 700796000000000000096 Mbit/s 700796000000000000012 MB/s
WUSB-UWB 7008480000000000000480 Mbit/s 700848000000000000060 MB/s
IrDA-Giga-IR 70091024000000000001,024 Mbit/s 7009102400000000000128 MB/s

Computer buses [edit]

Main buses [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
I²C 70063400000000000003.4 Mbit/s 7006340000000000000425 kB/s
Apple II series (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz 70068000000000000008 Mbit/s 70068000000000000001 MB/s,[24][25]
SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1(?) MHz 70068000000000000008 Mbit/s 70068000000000000001 MB/s
ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz 700719100000000000019.1 Mbit/s 70071912000000000002.39 MB/s 1981 (created)
ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz 700766700000000000066.7 Mbit/s 70076664000000000008.33 MB/s 1984 (created)
STD80 8-bit/8 MHz 700716000000000000016 Mbit/s 70071600000000000002 MB/s
STD80 16-bit/8 MHz 700732000000000000032 Mbit/s 70073200000000000004 MB/s
Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz[26] 700742400000000000042.4 Mbit/s 70074240000000000005.3 MB/s 1986
S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz 700780000000000000080 Mbit/s 700780000000000000010 MB/s
Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (Up to 100 MHz) 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
Low Pin Count 7008133330000000000133.33 Mbit/s 700813336000000000016.67 MB/s
C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz 7008160000000000000160 Mbit/s 700816000000000000020 MB/s[27]
HP Precision Bus 7008184000000000000184 Mbit/s 700818400000000000023 MB/s
EISA 8-16-32bit/8.33 MHz 7008266560000000000266.56 Mbit/s 700826656000000000033.32 MB/s 1988
STD 32 32-bit/8 MHz 7008256000000000000256 Mbit/s 700825600000000000032 MB/s[28]
NESA 32-bit/8 MHz 7008256000000000000256 Mbit/s 700825600000000000032 MB/s[29]
VME64 32-64bit 7008400000000000000400 Mbit/s 700832000000000000040 MB/s
NuBus 10 MHz 7008400000000000000400 Mbit/s 700832000000000000040 MB/s
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz 7008400000000000000400 Mbit/s 700840000000000000050 MB/s
MCA 16-32bit/10 MHz 7008660000000000000660 Mbit/s 700852800000000000066 MB/s 1987
NuBus90 20 MHz 7008800000000000000800 Mbit/s 700864000000000000080 MB/s
APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz 7008800000000000000800 Mbit/s 7008800000000000000100 MB/s[30]
Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz 7008800000000000000800 Mbit/s 7008800000000000000100 MB/s 1989
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz 7008800000000000000800 Mbit/s 7008800000000000000100 MB/s
Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz 70091056000000000001,056 Mbit/s 7009105600000000000132 MB/s[31]
VESA Local Bus - VLB 32-bit/33 MHz 70091067000000000001,067 Mbit/s 7009106664000000000133.33 MB/s 1992
PCI 32-bit/33 MHz 70091067000000000001,067 Mbit/s 7009106664000000000133.33 MB/s 1993
HP GSC-1X 70091136000000000001,136 Mbit/s 7009113600000000000142 MB/s
Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz)[32][33] 70091200000000000001,200 Mbit/s 7009120000000000000150 MB/s[34] 1990
VESA Local Bus - VLB 32-bit/40 MHz 70091280000000000001,280 Mbit/s 7009128000000000000160 MB/s 1992
Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz 70091600000000000001.6 Gbit/s 7009160000000000000200 MB/s
PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)[35] 70092500000000000002.5 Gbit/s 7009200000000000000250 MB/s z 2004
HP GSC-2X 70092048000000000002.048 Gbit/s 7009204800000000000256 MB/s
PCI 64-bit/33 MHz 70092133000000000002.133 Gbit/s 7009213360000000000266.7 MB/s 1993
PCI 32-bit/66 MHz 70092133000000000002.133 Gbit/s 7009213360000000000266.7 MB/s 1995
AGP 1× 70092133000000000002.133 Gbit/s 7009213360000000000266.7 MB/s 1997
RapidIO Gen1 1x 70092500000000000002.5 Gbit/s 7009250000000000000312.5 MB/s
HIO bus 70092560000000000002.560 Gbit/s 7009256000000000000320 MB/s
GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz 70092560000000000002.560 Gbit/s 7009256000000000000320 MB/s
PCI Express 1.0 (×2 link)[35] 70095000000000000005 Gbit/s 7009400000000000000500 MB/s z 2011
PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)[36] 70095000000000000005 Gbit/s 7009400000000000000500 MB/s z 2007
AGP 2× 70094266000000000004.266 Gbit/s 7009426640000000000533.3 MB/s
PCI 64-bit/66 MHz 70094266000000000004.266 Gbit/s 7009426640000000000533.3 MB/s
PCI-X DDR 16-bit 70094266000000000004.266 Gbit/s 7009426640000000000533.3 MB/s
RapidIO Gen2 1x 70095000000000000005 Gbit/s 7009500000000000000625 MB/s
PCI 64-bit/100 MHz 70096399000000000006.399 Gbit/s 7009640000000000000800 MB/s
PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)[37] 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 7009787680000000000984.6 MB/s y 2011
Unified Media Interface (UMI) (×4 link) 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s z 2011
Direct Media Interface (DMI) (×4 link) 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s z 2004
Enterprise Southbridge Interface (ESI) 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s
PCI Express 1.0 (×4 link)[35] 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s z 2004
AGP 4× 70098533000000000008.533 Gbit/s 70098536000000000001.067 GB/s
PCI-X 133 70098533000000000008.533 Gbit/s 70098536000000000001.067 GB/s
PCI-X QDR 16-bit 70098533000000000008.533 Gbit/s 70098536000000000001.067 GB/s
InfiniBand single 4×[23] 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001 GB/s
RapidIO Gen1 4x 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 2x 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
UPA 701015360000000000015.360 Gbit/s 70101536000000000001.920 GB/s
Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0) (×4 link) 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70101600000000000002 GB/s z 2012
Direct Media Interface 2.0 (DMI 2.0) (×4 link) 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70101600000000000002 GB/s z 2011
PCI Express 1.0 (×8 link)[35] 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70101600000000000002 GB/s z 2004
PCI Express 2.0 (×4 link)[36] 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70101600000000000002 GB/s z 2007
AGP 8x 701017066000000000017.066 Gbit/s 70101706400000000002.133 GB/s
PCI-X DDR 701017066000000000017.066 Gbit/s 70101706400000000002.133 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 4x 701020000000000000020 Gbit/s 70102000000000000002.5 GB/s
HyperTransport (800 MHz, 16-pair) 701025600000000000025.6 Gbit/s 70102560000000000003.2 GB/s 2001
PCI Express 3.0 (×4 link)[37] 701032000000000000032 Gbit/s 70103147200000000003.934 GB/s 2011 y
HyperTransport (1 GHz, 16-pair) 701032000000000000032 Gbit/s 70103200000000000004 GB/s
PCI Express 1.0 (×16 link)[35] 701040000000000000040 Gbit/s 70103200000000000004 GB/s z 2004
PCI Express 2.0 (×8 link)[36] 701040000000000000040 Gbit/s 70103200000000000004 GB/s z 2007
PCI-X QDR 701034133000000000034.133 Gbit/s 70103412800000000004.266 GB/s
AGP 8× 64-bit 701034133000000000034.133 Gbit/s 70103412800000000004.266 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 8x 701040000000000000040 Gbit/s 70104000000000000005 GB/s
PCI Express 3.0 (×8 link)[37] 701064000000000000064 Gbit/s 70106304000000000007.88 GB/s 2011 y
PCI Express 1.0 (×32 link)[35] 701080000000000000080 Gbit/s 70106400000000000008 GB/s z 2001
PCI Express 2.0 (×16 link)[36] 701080000000000000080 Gbit/s 70106400000000000008 GB/s z 2007
RapidIO Gen2 16x 701080000000000000080 Gbit/s 701080000000000000010 GB/s
PCI Express 3.0 (×16 link)[37] 7011128000000000000128 Gbit/s 701112600000000000015.75 GB/s 2011 y
PCI Express 2.0 (×32 link)[36] 7011160000000000000160 Gbit/s 701112800000000000016 GB/s z 2007
QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz) 7011153600000000000153.6 Gbit/s 701115360000000000019.2 GB/s
HyperTransport 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair) 7011179200000000000179.2 Gbit/s 701117920000000000022.4 GB/s 2004
QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz) 7011187520000000000187.52 Gbit/s 701118752000000000023.44 GB/s
QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz) 7011204800000000000204.8 Gbit/s 701120480000000000025.6 GB/s
QPI (7.2GT/s, 3.6 GHz) 7011230400000000000230.4 Gbit/s 701123040000000000028.8 GB/s 2012
PCI Express 3.0 (×32 link)[36] 7011256000000000000256 Gbit/s 701125200000000000031.5 GB/s 2011 [y]
QPI (8.0GT/s, 4.0 GHz) 7011256000000000000256.0 Gbit/s 701125600000000000032.0 GB/s 2012
HyperTransport 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair) 7011332800000000000332.8 Gbit/s 701133280000000000041.6 GB/s 2006
HyperTransport 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair) 7011409600000000000409.6 Gbit/s 701140960000000000051.2 GB/s 2008

z Uses 8B/10B encoding, meaning that 20% of each transfer is used by the interface instead of carrying data from between the hardware components at each end of the interface. For example, a single link PCIe 1.0 has a 2.5 Gbit/s transfer rate, yet its usable bandwidth is only 2 Gbit/s (250 MB/s).

y Uses 128B/130B encoding, meaning that about 1.54% of each transfer is used by the interface instead of carrying data between the hardware components at each end of the interface. For example, a single link PCIe 3.0 interface has an 8 Gbit/s transfer rate, yet its usable bandwidth is only about 7.88 Gbit/s.

Portable [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode 700731360000000000031.36 Mbit/s 70073136000000000003.92 MB/s
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode 700762720000000000062.72 Mbit/s 70076272000000000007.84 MB/s
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode 700780000000000000080 Mbit/s 700780000000000000010 MB/s
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode 7008160000000000000160 Mbit/s 700816000000000000020 MB/s
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode 7008267000000000000267 Mbit/s 700826664000000000033.33 MB/s
ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode 7008480000000000000480 Mbit/s 700848000000000000060 MB/s
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode 7008533000000000000533 Mbit/s 700853328000000000066.66 MB/s
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode 70091067000000000001,067 Mbit/s 7009106664000000000133.33 MB/s
ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode 70092500000000000002,500 Mbit/s 7009200000000000000250 MB/s
ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode 70094800000000000004,800 Mbit/s 7009384000000000000480 MB/s
ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode 70095000000000000005,000 Mbit/s 7009500000000000000625 MB/s

Storage [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
ASR 33 Teletype paper tape (70 bits/s, 10 ASCII characters per second) 70017000000000000000.000070 Mbit/s 70018000000000000000.000010 MB/s 1963
TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface (250 bits/s) 70022500000000000000.00025 Mbit/s 70022560000000000000.000032 MB/s 1977
Apple 2 cassette tape interface (1500 bits/s) 70031500000000000000.0015 Mbit/s 70031600000000000000.0002 MB/s 1977
Single Density 8" FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB) 70052500000000000000.250 Mbit/s 70052480000000000000.031 MB/s 1973
Double Density 5.25" MFM Floppy Disk Controller (360 KB) 70055000000000000000.500 Mbit/s 70054960000000000000.062 MB/s 1978
High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB) 70061000000000000001.0 Mbit/s 70059920000000000000.124 MB/s 1984
CD Controller (1×) 70061171000000000001.171 Mbit/s 70061168000000000000.146 MB/s
MFM hard disk 70065000000000000005 Mbit/s 70065000000000000000.625 MB/s
RLL hard disk 70067500000000000007.5 Mbit/s 70067496000000000000.937 MB/s
DVD Controller (1×) 700711100000000000011.1 Mbit/s 70071056000000000001.32 MB/s
ESDI 700724000000000000024 Mbit/s 70072400000000000003 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 0 700726400000000000026.4 Mbit/s 70072640000000000003.3 MB/s
HD DVD Controller (1×) 700736000000000000036 Mbit/s 70073600000000000004.5 MB/s
Blu-ray Controller (1×) 700736000000000000036 Mbit/s 70073600000000000004.5 MB/s
SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz)[38] 700740000000000000040 Mbit/s 70074000000000000005 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 1 700741600000000000041.6 Mbit/s 70074160000000000005.2 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 2 700766400000000000066.4 Mbit/s 70076640000000000008.3 MB/s
Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz) 700780000000000000080 Mbit/s 700780000000000000010 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 3 700788800000000000088.8 Mbit/s 700788800000000000011.1 MB/s
AoE over Fast Ethernet, per path 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
iSCSI over Fast Ethernet 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 4 7008133300000000000133.3 Mbit/s 700813360000000000016.7 MB/s
Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz) 7008160000000000000160 Mbit/s 700816000000000000020 MB/s
Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz) 7008160000000000000160 Mbit/s 700816000000000000020 MB/s
Ultra DMA ATA 33 7008264000000000000264 Mbit/s 700826400000000000033 MB/s
Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz) 7008320000000000000320 Mbit/s 700832000000000000040 MB/s
Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz) 7008320000000000000320 Mbit/s 700832000000000000040 MB/s
Ultra DMA ATA 66 7008533600000000000533.6 Mbit/s 700853360000000000066.7 MB/s
Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz) 7008640000000000000640 Mbit/s 700864000000000000080 MB/s
Serial Storage Architecture SSA 7008640000000000000640 Mbit/s 700864000000000000080 MB/s
Ultra DMA ATA 100 7008800000000000000800 Mbit/s 7008800000000000000100 MB/s
Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz)[39] 7008850000000000000850 Mbit/s 7008850000000000000106.25 MB/s
AoE over Gigabit Ethernet, per path 70091000000000000001,000 Mbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s
iSCSI over Gigabit Ethernet 70091000000000000001,000 Mbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s
Ultra DMA ATA 133 70091064000000000001,064 Mbit/s 7009106400000000000133 MB/s
Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR) 70091280000000000001,280 Mbit/s 7009128000000000000160 MB/s
Serial ATA (SATA-150)[40] 70091500000000000001,500 Mbit/s 7009120000000000000150 MB/s
Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz)[39] 70091700000000000001,700 Mbit/s 7009170000000000000212.5 MB/s
Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR) 70092560000000000002,560 Mbit/s 7009256000000000000320 MB/s
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)[40] 70093000000000000003,000 Mbit/s 7009240000000000000300 MB/s
Serial ATA 2 (SATA-300)[40] 70093000000000000003,000 Mbit/s 7009240000000000000300 MB/s
Fibre Channel 4GFC (4.25 GHz)[39] 70093400000000000003,400 Mbit/s 7009340000000000000425 MB/s
Ultra-640 SCSI (16 bits/160 MHz DDR) 70095120000000000005,120 Mbit/s 7009512000000000000640 MB/s
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 2[40] 70096000000000000006,000 Mbit/s 7009480000000000000600 MB/s
Serial ATA 3 (SATA-600)[40] 70096000000000000006,000 Mbit/s 7009480000000000000600 MB/s
Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.50 GHz)[39] 70096800000000000006,800 Mbit/s 7009680000000000000850 MB/s
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 3[40] 70099600000000000009,600 Mbit/s 70099600000000000001,200 MB/s
AoE over 10GbE, per path 701010000000000000010,000 Mbit/s 70101000000000000001,250 MB/s
iSCSI over 10GbE 701010000000000000010,000 Mbit/s 70101000000000000001,250 MB/s
FCoE over 10GbE 701010000000000000010,000 Mbit/s 70101000000000000001,250 MB/s
iSCSI over InfiniBand 4× 701032000000000000032,000 Mbit/s 70103200000000000004,000 MB/s
iSCSI over 100G Ethernet (hypothetical) 7011100000000000000100,000 Mbit/s 701110000000000000012,500 MB/s
FCoE over 100G Ethernet (hypothetical) 7011100000000000000100,000 Mbit/s
SATA revision 3.2 - SATA Express 701016000000000000016,000 Mbit/s

Peripheral [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
CBM Bus[41][42] 70032700000000000002.7 kbit/s 70032720000000000000.34 kB/s 1981
Apple Desktop Bus 700410000000000000010.0 kbit/s 70041000000000000001.25 kB/s
Serial MIDI 700431250000000000031.25 kbit/s 70043120000000000003.9 kB/s
Serial EIA-232 max. 7005230400000000000230.4 kbit/s 700523040000000000028.8 kB/s
Serial DMX512A 7005250000000000000250.0 kbit/s 700525000000000000031.25 kB/s
Parallel (Centronics) 70061000000000000001 Mbit/s 7006100000000000000125 kB/s
Serial 16550 UART max. 70061500000000000001.5 Mbit/s 7006150000000000000187.5 kB/s
USB low speed 70061536000000000001.536 Mbit/s 7006153600000000000192 kB/s 1996
Serial UART max 70062764800000000002.7648 Mbit/s 7006276480000000000345.6 kB/s
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max. 70068000000000000008 Mbit/s 70068000000000000001 MB/s
Serial EIA-422 max. 700710000000000000010 Mbit/s 70071000000000000001.25 MB/s
USB full speed 700712000000000000012 Mbit/s 70071200000000000001.5 MB/s 1996
Parallel (Centronics) EPP 2 MHz 700716000000000000016 Mbit/s 70071600000000000002 MB/s
Serial EIA-485 max. 700735000000000000035 Mbit/s 70072800000000000003.5 MB/s
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max. 700764000000000000064 Mbit/s 70076400000000000008 MB/s
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100 700798304000000000098.304 Mbit/s 700798304000000000012.288 MB/s 1995
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200 7008196608000000000196.608 Mbit/s 700819660800000000024.576 MB/s 1995
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 7008393216000000000393.216 Mbit/s 700839321600000000049.152 MB/s 1995
USB Hi-Speed (USB 2.0) 7008480000000000000480 Mbit/s 700848000000000000060 MB/s 2000
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800[43] 7008786432000000000786.432 Mbit/s 700878643200000000098.304 MB/s 2002
Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI 70091062500000000001,062.5 Mbit/s 7008800000000000000100 MB/s
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600[43] 70091573000000000001.573 Gbit/s 7009157280000000000196.6 MB/s 2007
Camera Link Base (single) 24-bit 85 MHz 70092040000000000002,040 Mbit/s 7009204000000000000255 MB/s
Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI 70092125000000000002,125 Mbit/s 7009160000000000000200 MB/s
eSATA (SATA 300) 70093000000000000003 Gbit/s 7009240000000000000300 MB/s 2004
CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link) 70093125000000000003.125 Gbit/s + 700720833000000000020.833 Mbit/s 7009312000000000000390 MB/s 2009
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200[43] 70093145700000000003,145.7 Mbit/s 7009314572800000000393.216 MB/s 2007
External PCI Express 2.0 ×1 70094000000000000004 Gbit/s 7009400000000000000500 MB/s
Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI 70094250000000000004.25 Gbit/s 7009425000000000000531.25 MB/s
USB super speed (USB 3.0) 70095000000000000005 Gbit/s 7009500000000000000625 MB/s 2010
Camera Link full (dual) 64-bit 85 MHz 70095440000000000005.44 Gbit/s 7009544000000000000680 MB/s
eSATA (SATA 600) 70096000000000000006 Gbit/s 7009480000000000000600 MB/s 2011
CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link) 70096250000000000006.25 Gbit/s + 700720833000000000020.833 Mbit/s 7009624800000000000781 MB/s 2009
External PCI Express 2.0 ×2 70098000000000000008 Gbit/s 70098000000000000001,000 MB/s
Thunderbolt 701010000000000000010 Gbit/s × 2 70101000000000000001,250 MB/s × 2 2011
External PCI Express 2.0 ×4 701016000000000000016 Gbit/s 70101600000000000002,000 MB/s
External PCI Express 2.0 ×8 701032000000000000032 Gbit/s 70103200000000000004,000 MB/s
External PCI Express 2.0 ×16 701064000000000000064 Gbit/s 70106400000000000008,000 MB/s

MAC to PHY [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
MII (4 lanes) 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
RMII (2 lanes) 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
SMII (1 lane) 7008100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700810000000000000012.5 MB/s
GMII (8 lanes) 70091000000000000001.0 Gbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s
RGMII (4 lanes) 70091000000000000001.0 Gbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s
SGMII (2 lanes) 70091000000000000001.0 Gbit/s 7009100000000000000125 MB/s
XGMII (32 lanes) 701010000000000000010.0 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
XAUI (4 lanes) 701010000000000000010.0 Gbit/s 70101000000000000001.25 GB/s
XLGMII 701040000000000000040.0 Gbit/s 70104000000000000005 GB/s
CGMII 7011100000000000000100.0 Gbit/s 701110000000000000012.5 GB/s 2008

PHY to XPDR [edit]

Technology Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s) Year
XSBI (16 lanes) 70089950000000000000.995 Gbit/s 70089920000000000000.124 GB/s

Dynamic Random access memory [edit]

The table below shows values for PC memory module types. These modules usually combine multiple chips on one circuit board. SIMM modules connect to the computer via an 8 bit or 32 bit wide interface. DIMM modules connect to the computer via a 64 bit wide interface. Some other computer architectures use different modules with a different bus width.

FPM, EDO, SDR, and RDRAM memories were not commonly installed in a dual-channel configuration. DDR and DDR2 memory are usually installed in single or dual-channel configuration. DDR3 memory are installed in single, dual, tri, and quad-channel configurations. Bit rates of multi-channel configuration are slightly increased.

Module type Chip Type Memory clock Bus speed Transfer rate (bit/s) Transfer rate (byte/s)
FPM DRAM 45 ns 700122000000000000022 MHz 69991770000000000000.177 GT/s 70091416000000000001.416 Gbit/s 7009141600000000000177 MB/s
EDO DRAM 30 ns 700133000000000000033 MHz 69992660000000000000.266 GT/s 70092128000000000002.128 Gbit/s 7009212800000000000266 MB/s
PC-66 SDR SDRAM 10/15 ns 700166000000000000066 MHz 69986600000000000000.066 GT/s 70094264000000000004.264 Gbit/s 7009426400000000000533 MB/s
PC-100 SDR SDRAM 8 ns 7002100000000000000100 MHz 69991000000000000000.100 GT/s 70096400000000000006.4 Gbit/s 7009640000000000000800 MB/s
PC-133 SDR SDRAM 7/7.5 ns 7002133000000000000133 MHz 69991330000000000000.133 GT/s 70098528000000000008.528 Gbit/s 70098528000000000001.066 GB/s
RIMM-1200 RDRAM PC-600 7002300000000000000300 MHz 69996000000000000000.600 GT/s 70099600000000000009.6 Gbit/s 70099600000000000001.2 GB/s
RIMM-1400 RDRAM PC-700 7002350000000000000350 MHz 69997000000000000000.700 GT/s 701011200000000000011.2 Gbit/s 70101120000000000001.4 GB/s
RIMM-1600 RDRAM PC-800 7002400000000000000400 MHz 69998000000000000000.800 GT/s 701012800000000000012.8 Gbit/s 70101280000000000001.6 GB/s
PC-1600 DDR SDRAM DDR-200 7002100000000000000100 MHz 69992000000000000000.200 GT/s 701012800000000000012.8 Gbit/s 70101280000000000001.6 GB/s
RIMM-2100 RDRAM PC-700 7002533000000000000533 MHz 70001066000000000001.066 GT/s 701017034000000000017.034 Gbit/s 70101706400000000002.133 GB/s
PC-2100 DDR SDRAM DDR-266 7002133000000000000133 MHz 69992660000000000000.266 GT/s 701017034000000000017.034 Gbit/s 70101706400000000002.133 GB/s
PC-2700 DDR SDRAM DDR-333 7002166000000000000166 MHz 69993330000000000000.333 GT/s 701021336000000000021.336 Gbit/s 70102133600000000002.667 GB/s
PC-3200 DDR SDRAM DDR-400 7002200000000000000200 MHz 69994000000000000000.400 GT/s 701025600000000000025.6 Gbit/s 70102560000000000003.2 GB/s
PC2-3200 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-400 7002100000000000000100 MHz 69994000000000000000.400 GT/s 701025600000000000025.6 Gbit/s 70102560000000000003.2 GB/s
PC-3500 DDR SDRAM DDR-433 7002216000000000000216 MHz 69994330000000000000.433 GT/s 701027728000000000027.728 Gbit/s 70102772800000000003.466 GB/s
PC-3700 DDR SDRAM DDR-466 7002233000000000000233 MHz 69994660000000000000.466 GT/s 701029864000000000029.864 Gbit/s 70102986400000000003.733 GB/s
PC-4000 DDR SDRAM DDR-500 7002250000000000000250 MHz 69995000000000000000.500 GT/s 701032000000000000032 Gbit/s 70103200000000000004 GB/s
PC-4200 DDR SDRAM DDR-533 7002266000000000000266 MHz 69995330000000000000.533 GT/s 701034128000000000034.128 Gbit/s 70103412800000000004.266 GB/s
PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-533 7002133000000000000133 MHz 69995330000000000000.533 GT/s 701034128000000000034.128 Gbit/s 70103412800000000004.266 GB/s
PC-4400 DDR SDRAM DDR-550 7002275000000000000275 MHz 69995500000000000000.550 GT/s 701035200000000000035.2 Gbit/s 70103520000000000004.4 GB/s
PC-4800 DDR SDRAM DDR-600 7002300000000000000300 MHz 69996000000000000000.600 GT/s 701038400000000000038.4 Gbit/s 70103840000000000004.8 GB/s
PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-667 7002167000000000000167 MHz 69996670000000000000.667 GT/s 701042664000000000042.664 Gbit/s 70104266400000000005.333 GB/s
PC2-6000 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-750 7002188000000000000188 MHz 69997500000000000000.750 GT/s 701048000000000000048 Gbit/s 70104800000000000006 GB/s
PC2-6400 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-800 7002200000000000000200 MHz 69998000000000000000.800 GT/s 701051200000000000051.2 Gbit/s 70105120000000000006.4 GB/s
PC3-6400 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-800 7002100000000000000100 MHz 69998000000000000000.800 GT/s 701051200000000000051.2 Gbit/s 70105120000000000006.4 GB/s
PC2-7200 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-900 7002225000000000000225 MHz 69999000000000000000.900 GT/s 701057600000000000057.6 Gbit/s 70105760000000000007.2 GB/s
PC2-8000 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1000 7002250000000000000250 MHz 70001000000000000001 GT/s 701057600000000000057.6 Gbit/s 70105760000000000007.2 GB/s
PC2-8500 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1066 7002267000000000000267 MHz 70001066000000000001.066 GT/s 701064000000000000064 Gbit/s 70106400000000000008 GB/s
PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1066 7002133000000000000133 MHz 70001066000000000001.066 GT/s 701064000000000000064 Gbit/s 70106400000000000008 GB/s
PC2-8800 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1100 7002275000000000000275 MHz 70001100000000000001.1 GT/s 701070400000000000070.4 Gbit/s 70107040000000000008.8 GB/s
PC2-8888 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1100 7002278000000000000278 MHz 70001111000000000001.111 GT/s 701071104000000000071.104 Gbit/s 70107110400000000008.888 GB/s
PC2-9136 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1142 7002286000000000000286 MHz 70001141900000999991.142 GT/s 701073088000000000073.088 Gbit/s 70107308800000000009.136 GB/s
PC2-9200 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1150 7002288000000000000288 MHz 70001150000000999991.15 GT/s 701073600000000000073.6 Gbit/s 70107360000000000009.2 GB/s
PC2-9600 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1200 7002300000000000000300 MHz 70001200000000000001.2 GT/s 701076800000000000076.8 Gbit/s 70107680000000000009.6 GB/s
PC2-10000 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2-1250 7002313000000000000313 MHz 70001250000000000001.25 GT/s 701080000000000000080 Gbit/s 701080000000000000010 GB/s
PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1333 7002167000000000000167 MHz 70001333000000000001.333 GT/s 701085336000000000085.336 Gbit/s 701085336000000000010.667 GB/s
PC3-11000 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1375 7002172000000000000172 MHz 70001375000000000001.375 GT/s 701088000000000000088 Gbit/s 701088000000000000011 GB/s
PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1600 7002200000000000000200 MHz 70001600000000000001.6 GT/s 7011102400000000000102.4 Gbit/s 701110240000000000012.8 GB/s
PC3-13000 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1625 7002203000000000000203 MHz 70001625000000000001.625 GT/s 7011104000000000000104 Gbit/s 701110400000000000013 GB/s
PC3-14400 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1800 7002225000000000000225 MHz 70001800000000000001.8 GT/s 7011115200000000000115.2 Gbit/s 701111520000000000014.4 GB/s
PC3-14900 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1866 7002233000000000000233 MHz 70001866000000000001.866 GT/s 7011119464000000000119.464 Gbit/s 701111946400000000014.933 GB/s
PC3-15000 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-1866 7002233000000000000233 MHz 70001866000000000001.866 GT/s 7011119464000000000119.464 Gbit/s 701111946400000000014.933 GB/s
PC3-16000 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-2000 7002250000000000000250 MHz 70002000000000000002 GT/s 7011128000000000000128 Gbit/s 701112800000000000016 GB/s
PC3-17000 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-2133 7002266000000000000266 MHz 70002133000000000002.133 GT/s 7011136528000000000136.528 Gbit/s 701113652800000000017.066 GB/s
PC3-17600 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-2200 7002275000000000000275 MHz 70002200000000000002.2 GT/s 7011140800000000000140.8 Gbit/s 701114080000000000017.6 GB/s
PC3-19200 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-2400 7002300000000000000300 MHz 70002400000000000002.4 GT/s 7011153600000000000153.6 Gbit/s 701115360000000000019.2 GB/s
PC3-21300 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-2666 7002333000000000000333 MHz 70002666000000000002.666 GT/s 7011170400000000000170.4 Gbit/s 701117040000000000021.3 GB/s
PC3-24000 DDR3 SDRAM DDR3-3000 7002375000000000000375 MHz 70003000000000000003.0 GT/s 7011192000000000000192 Gbit/s 701119200000000000024 GB/s

Video RAM [edit]

RAM memory modules are also utilised by graphics processing units, however, video memory differs some-what particularly with lower power requirements, and are specialised to serve GPUs, for example, the introduction of GDDR3 which was fundamentally based on DDR2. Every video memory chip is directly connected to the GPU (point-to-point). The total GPU memory bus width varies with the number of memory chips and the number of lanes per chip. For example, GDDR5 specifies either 16 or 32 lanes per "device" (chip). Over the years, bus widths ranged from 64 bit to 512 bit.[44] Because of this variability, graphics memory speeds are sometimes compared per pin. For direct comparison to the values for 64-bit modules shown above, video RAM is compared here in 64-lane lots, corresponding to two chips. In 2012, high-end GPUs use 8 or even 12 chips with 32 lanes each, for a total memory bus width of 256 or 384 bits. Combined with a transfer rate per pin of 5 GHz or more, such cards can reach 240 GB/s or more.

Video RAM frequencies vary greatly. The values given below are examples for high-end cards.[45] Since many cards have more than one pair of chips, the total bandwidth is correspondingly higher. For example, high-end cards often have eight chips, so that the total bandwidth is four times the value given below.

Module type Chip Type Memory clock Transfers/s Transfer rate (bit/s) Transfer rate (byte/s)
64 lanes DDR 350 MHz 0.7 GT/s 44.8 Gbit/s 5.6 GB/s
64 lanes DDR2 250 MHz 1 GT/s 64 Gbit/s 8 GB/s
64 lanes GDDR3 1250 MHz 2.5 GT/s 159 Gbit/s 19.9 GB/s
64 lanes GDDR4 1100 MHz 2.2 GT/s 140.8 Gbit/s 17.6 GB/s
64 lanes GDDR5 1500 MHz 6 GT/s 384 Gbit/s 48 GB/s

Digital audio [edit]

Device Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s)
CD Audio (16-bit PCM) 70001411000000000001.411 Mbit/s 7002176400000000000176.4 KB/s
S/PDIF 70003072000000000003.072 Mbit/s 69993840000000000000.384 MB/s
I²S 70002250000000000002.250 Mbit/s @ 24bit/48 kHz 69992810000000000000.281 MB/s
AC'97 700112288000000000012.288 Mbit/s 70001536000000000001.536 MB/s
McASP Unknown Unknown
Intel High Definition Audio rev. 1.0[46] 700148000000000000048 (outbound) & 24 (inbound) Mbit/s 70006000000000000006 & 3 MB/s (outbound & inbound)
ADAT Lightpipe (Type I) 70009216000000999999.216 Mbit/s 70002304000000999992.304 MB/s
AES/EBU 70002625000000000002.625 Mbit/s @ 24-bit/48 kHz 69993280000000000000.328 MB/s
HDMI 700136860000000000036.86 Mbit/s 70004606000000000004.606 MB/s
MADI 7002100000000000000100 Mbit/s 700112500000000000012.5 MB/s

Digital video interconnects [edit]

Data rates given are from the video source (e.g., video card) to receiving device (e.g., monitor) only. Out of band and reverse signaling channels are not included.

Device Rate (bit/s) Rate (byte/s)
HD-SDI (SMPTE 292M) 70091485000000000001.485 Gbit/s 70091488000000000000.186 GB/s
LVDS Display Interface[47] 70092800000000000002.8 Gbit/s 70092800000000000000.35 GB/s
3G-SDI (SMPTE 424M) 70092970000000000002.97 Gbit/s 70092968000000000000.371 GB/s
Single link DVI 70094950000000000004.95 Gbit/s 70094952000000000000.619 GB/s [a]
HDMI v. 1.0[48] 70094950000000000004.95 Gbit/s 70094952000000000000.619 GB/s [a]
DisplayPort v. 1.0 (4-lane reduced rate)[49] 70096480000000000006.48 Gbit/s 70096480000000000000.810 GB/s [a]
Dual link DVI 70098030000000000008.03 Gbit/s 70099904000000000001.238 GB/s [a]
HDMI v. 1.3[50] 701010200000000000010.2 Gbit/s 70101020000000000001.275 GB/s [a]
Dual High-Speed LVDS Display Interface 701010500000000000010.5 Gbit/s 70101049600000000001.312 GB/s
DisplayPort v. 1.0 (4-lane full rate)[49] 701010800000000000010.8 Gbit/s 70101080000000000001.35 GB/s [a]
DisplayPort v. 1.2 (4-lane)[49] 701021600000000000021.6 Gbit/s 70102160000000000002.7 GB/s [a]

a Uses 8B/10B encoding for video data—effective data rate is 80% of the symbol rate

See also [edit]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ TTY uses a Baudot code, not ASCII. This uses 5 bits per character instead of 8, plus one start and approx. 1.5 stop bits (7.5 total bits per character sent).
  2. ^ WPM, or Words Per Minute, is the number of times the word "PARIS" is transferred per minute. Strictly speaking the code is quinary, accounting inter-element, inter-letter, and inter-word gaps, yielding 50 binary elements (bits) per one word. Therefore 40 wpm is 2000 bits/min or 55.6 bits/s. Counting characters, including inter-word gaps, gives six characters per word or 240 characters per minute, and finally four characters per second.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j All modems are wrongly assumed to be in serial operation with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (2 stop bits for 110-baud modems). Therefore, currently modems are wrongly calculated with transmission of 10 bits per 8-bit byte (11 bits for 110-baud modems). Although the serial port is nearly always used to connect a modem and has equivalent data rates, the protocols, modulations and error correction differ completely.
  4. ^ a b c Modem Types and Timeline, Daxal Communications, 2003-12-16, retrieved 2009-04-16 
  5. ^ ITU.int
  6. ^ a b c 56K modems: V.90 and V.92 have just 5% overhead for the protocol signaling. The maximum capacity can only be achieved when the upstream (service provider) end of the connection is digital, i.e. a DS0 channel.
  7. ^ Note that effective aggregate bandwidth for an ISDN installation is typically higher than the rates shown for a single channel due to the use of multiple channels. A basic rate interface (BRI) provides two "B" channels and one "D" channel. Each B channel provides 64 kbit/s bandwidth and the "D" channel carries signaling (call setup) information. B channels can be bonded to provide a 128 kbit/s data rate. Primary rate interfaces (PRI) vary depending on whether the region uses E1 (Europe, world) or T1 (North America) bearers. In E1 regions, the PRI carries 30 B-channels and one D-channel; in T1 regions the PRI carries 23 B-channels and one D-channel. The D-channel has different bandwidth on the two interfaces.
  8. ^ Massey, David (2006-07-04), "Timeline of Telecommunications", Telephone Tribute, retrieved 2009-04-16 
  9. ^ Adam.com.au
  10. ^ Itu.int
  11. ^ a b DOCSIS 1.0 includes technology which first became available around 1995–1996, and has since become very widely deployed. DOCSIS 1.1 introduces some security improvements and Quality of Service (QoS).
  12. ^ a b DOCSIS 2.0 specifications provide increased upstream throughput for symmetric services.
  13. ^ a b DOCSIS 3.0 is currently in development by the CableLabs consortium and is slated to include support for channel bonding and IPv6.
  14. ^ ITU.int
  15. ^ ITU.int
  16. ^ Most operators only support up to 9600bit/s
  17. ^ SDSL is available in various speeds.
  18. ^ ADSL connections will vary in throughput from 64 kbit/s to several Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly below 2 Mbit/s. Some ADSL and SDSL connections have a higher digital bandwidth than T1 but their rate is not guaranteed, and will drop when the system gets overloaded, whereas the T1 type connections are usually guaranteed and have no contention ratios.
  19. ^ Satellite internet may have a high bandwidth but also has a high latency due to the distance between the modem, satellite and hub. One-way satellite connections exist where all the downstream traffic is handled by satellite and the upstream traffic by land-based connections such as 56K modems and ISDN.
  20. ^ a b "MoCA 1.1 improves throughput" over coaxial cable to 175 Mbits/s versus the 100 Mbits/s provided by the MoCA 1.0 specification.
  21. ^ FireWire natively supports TCP/IP, and is often used at an alternative to Ethernet when connecting 2 nodes. Tweaktown.com
  22. ^ Data rate comparison between FW and Giganet shows that FW's lower overhead has nearly the same throughput as Giganet. Unibrain.com
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m InfiniBand uses an 8B/10B encoding scheme.
  24. ^ Mac History
  25. ^ VAW: Apple IIgs Specs
  26. ^ The Zorro II bus use 4 clocks per 16-Bit of data transferred. See the Zorro III technical specification for more information.
  27. ^ Japan wikipedia article, Bus used in early NEC PC-9800 series and compatible systems
  28. ^ STD 32 Bus Specification and Designer's Guide
  29. ^ Japan wikipedia article, Bus used in later NEC PC-9800 series and compatible systems
  30. ^ Local Area Networks Newsletter by Paul Polishuk, September 1992, Page 7 (APbus used in Sony NeWS and NEC UP4800 workstations and NEC EWS4800 servers after VMEbus and before switch to PCI)
  31. ^ Japan wikipedia article, Bus used in NEC PC-9821 series
  32. ^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this posting that the theoretical max of the Zorro III bus can be derived by the timing information given in ‘’chapter 5’’ of the Zorro III technical specification.
  33. ^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, states in this posting that Zorro III is an asynchronous bus and therefore does not have a classical MHz rating. A maximum theoretical MHz value may be derived by examining timing constraints detailed in the Zorro III technical specification, which should yield about 37.5 MHz. No existing implementation performs to this level.
  34. ^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this posting that Zorro III has a max burst rate of 150 MB/s.
  35. ^ a b c d e f Note that PCI Express 1.0/2.0 lanes use an 8B/10B encoding scheme.
  36. ^ a b c d e f PCIe 2.0 effectively doubles the bus standard's bandwidth from 2.5 GT/s to 5 GT/s
  37. ^ a b c d PCIe 3.0 increases the bandwidth from 5 GT/s to 8 GT/s and switches to 128b-130b encoding
  38. ^ SCSI-1, SCSI-2 and SCSI-3 are signaling protocols and do not explicitly refer to a specific rate. Narrow SCSI exists using SCSI-1 and SCSI-2. Higher rates use SCSI-2 or later.
  39. ^ a b c d Fibre Channel 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC use an 8B/10B encoding scheme. Fibre Channel 10GFC, which uses a 64B/66B encoding scheme, is not compatible with 1GFC, 2GFC and 4GFC, and is used only to interconnect switches.
  40. ^ a b c d e f SATA and SAS use an 8B/10B encoding scheme.
  41. ^ proprietary serial version of IEEE-488 by Commodore International
  42. ^ http://cbmmuseum.kuto.de/floppy.html
  43. ^ a b c FireWire (IEEE 1394b) uses an 8B/10B coding scheme.
  44. ^ Comparison of AMD graphics processing units
  45. ^ Comparison of Nvidia graphics processing units
  46. ^ High Definition Audio Specification[dead link], Revision 1.0, 2004
  47. ^ Videsignline.com, Panel display interfaces and bandwidth: From TTL, LVDS, TDMS to DisplayPort
  48. ^ Octavainc.com
  49. ^ a b c Displayport Technical Overview, May 2010
  50. ^ HDMI.org

External links [edit]
General
Standards
Portable
Embedded
Storage
Peripheral
Note: interfaces are listed in speed ascending order (roughly), the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest
Category Category
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_device_bit_rates&oldid=555094425"