List of anti-capitalist and communist parties with national parliamentary representation

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The following is a list of communist and anti-capitalist parties with representation in national parliaments. This list does not contain communist and anti-capitalist parties previously represented in parliament. This list includes only those parties who officially call themselves communist or anti-capitalist (or socialist parties who are declared anti-capitalist) ideologically. 66 communist and anti-capitalist parties have been elected worldwide to parliament in 44 different countries in both recognised and non-recognised states. Of the 39 states listed here, four of them are official socialist states ruled by a communist party espousing Marxism–Leninism (China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam). North Korea however, has removed all references to Communism and Marxism in its constitution and replaced its state ideology with Juche, and the ideology of the Workers' Party of Korea being Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism.[1]

List[edit]

State Party Election Lower house Upper house Leader Official ideology Ref(s)
 Algeria Workers' Party 2012 election
24 / 462
 — Louisa Hanoune Trotskyism [2]
 Bangladesh Workers Party of Bangladesh 2008 election
2 / 300
 — Anisur Rahman Mallik Marxism–Leninism
 Belarus Communist Party of Belarus 2012 election
3 / 110
17 / 64
 Tatsyana Holubeva Marxism–Leninism
 Brazil Communist Party of Brazil 2010 election
15 / 513
2 / 81
 José Renato Rabelo Marxism–Leninism [3]
 Bulgaria Communist Party of Bulgaria 2009 election
1 / 240
 — Aleksandar Paunov Marxism–Leninism
 Burkina Faso Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba 2012 election
2 / 111
 — Philippe Ouédraogo Marxism–Leninism
 Burma National Unity Party 2010 election
12 / 330
5 / 224
 Tun Yi Burmese Way to Socialism [4]
 Chile Communist Party of Chile 2009 election
3 / 120
0 / 38
 Guillermo Teillier Marxism–Leninism [5]
 China Communist Party of China 2007–2008 election
2,099 / 2,987
 — Xi Jinping Socialism with Chinese characteristics [6]
 Cuba Communist Party of Cuba 2013 election
612 / 612
 — Raúl Castro Marxism–Leninism [7]
 Cyprus Progressive Party of Working People 2011 election
19 / 56
 — Andros Kyprianou Marxism–Leninism [8]
 Czech Republic Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia 2010 election
26 / 200
2 / 81
 Vojtěch Filip Marxism–Leninism [9]
 Denmark Red-Green Alliance 2011 election
12 / 179
 — Collective Leadership Anti-capitalism [10]
 Ecuador Plurinational Unity of the Lefts 2013 election
6 / 132
 — Collective leadership Anti-capitalism
 Finland Left Alliance 2011 election
12 / 200
 — Paavo Arhinmäki Democratic socialism
 France French Communist Party 2012 election
7 / 577
20 / 348
 Pierre Laurent Eurocommunism [11]
 Germany The Left 2009 election
76 / 620
 — Gesine Lötzsch,
Klaus Ernst		 Democratic socialism [12]
 Greece Communist Party of Greece 2012 election
12 / 300
 — Aleka Papariga Marxism–Leninism [13]
Coalition of the Radical Left
71 / 300
 — Alexis Tsipras Anti-capitalism,
Eurocommunism
 Guatemala Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity 2011 election
3 / 158
 — Collective Leadership Revolutionary socialism [14]
 India Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2009 election
16 / 543
13 / 245
 Prakash Karat Marxism–Leninism [15]
Communist Party of India
4 / 543
5 / 245
 Ardhendu Bardhan Marxism–Leninism
Revolutionary Socialist Party
2 / 543
0 / 245
 T. J. Chandrachoodan Revolutionary socialism
All India Forward Bloc
2 / 543
1 / 245
 Debabrata Biswas Scientific socialism
 Ireland Socialist Party 2011 election
2 / 166
0 / 60
 Collective Leadership Trotskyism [16]
People Before Profit Alliance
2 / 166
0 / 60
 None Democratic socialism
Workers and Unemployed Action Group
1 / 166
0 / 60
 Séamus Healy Socialism
 Israel Hadash 2013 election
4 / 120
 — Mohammad Barakeh Revolutionary socialism [17]
 Italy Left Ecology Freedom 2013 election
37 / 630
7 / 315
 Nichi Vendola Democratic socialism [18]
 Japan Japanese Communist Party 2010—2012 elections
8 / 480
6 / 242
 Kazuo Shii Scientific socialism [19]
 Kazakhstan Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan 2012 elections
7 / 108
 — Vladislav Kossarev Marxism–Leninism [20]
 North Korea Workers' Party of Korea 2009 elections
601 / 687
 — Kim Jong-un Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism [21]
 Laos Lao People's Revolutionary Party 2011 elections
128 / 132
 — Choummaly Sayasone Marxism–Leninism [22]
 Latvia Socialist Party of Latvia 2011 elections
3 / 100
 — Alfrēds Rubiks Marxism–Leninism [23]
 Luxembourg The Left 2009 elections
1 / 60
 — Central Committee Democratic socialism
 Moldova Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova 2010 elections
42 / 101
 — Vladimir Voronin Marxism–Leninism [24]
Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova
3 / 101
 — Igor Dodon Democratic socialism
  Nepal Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) 2008 election
229 / 601
 — Prachanda Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path [25]
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)
108 / 601
 — Jhala Nath Khanal People's Multi–Party Democracy
Marxism–Leninism
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002)
9 / 601
 — Chandra Mainali Marxism–Leninism
Janamorcha Nepal
8 / 601
 — Lila Mani Pokhrel Marxism–Leninism
Communist Party of Nepal (United)
5 / 601
 — Chandra Dev Joshi Marxism–Leninism
Rastriya Janamorcha
4 / 601
 — Chitra Bahadur K.C. Marxism–Leninism
Nepal Workers Peasants Party
5 / 601
 — Narayan Man Bijukchhe Maoism
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified)
2 / 601
 — Raj Singh Shris Maoism
 Netherlands Socialist Party 2012 election
15 / 150
 — Emile Roemer Democratic Socialism [26]
 Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front 2011 election
63 / 92
 — Daniel Ortega Sandinismo [27]
 Palestine Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 2006 election
3 / 132
 — Ahmad Sa'adat Marxism–Leninism
Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
1 / 132
 — Nayef Hawatmeh Sousa Maoism
Palestinian People's Party
1 / 132
 — Bassam as-Salhi Marxism
 Portugal Democratic Unity Coalition 2011 election
16 / 230
 — Jerónimo de Sousa Marxism–Leninism [28]
Left Bloc
8 / 230
 — Francisco Louçã Anti-capitalism
 Russia Communist Party of the Russian Federation 2011 election
92 / 450
 — Gennady Zyuganov Marxism–Leninism [29]
 San Marino United Left 2012 election
5 / 60
 — Gaston Pasolini Eurocommunism [30]
 South Ossetia Communist Party of South Ossetia 2009 election
8 / 34
 — Stanislav Kochiev Marxism–Leninism [31]
 Spain United Left 2011 election
11 / 350
1 / 266
 Cayo Lara Eurocommunism [32]
 Sri Lanka Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 2010 election
4 / 225
 — Somawansa Amarasinghe Marxism–Leninism
Communist Party of Sri Lanka
2 / 225
 — D. E. W. Gunasekera Marxism–Leninism
Lanka Sama Samaja Party
2 / 225
 — Collective Leadership Trotskyism
 Syria Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash) 2012 election
8 / 250
 — Ammar Bagdache Marxism–Leninism [33]
Syrian Communist Party (Unified)
3 / 250
 — Hanin Nimir Marxism–Leninism
 Tajikistan Communist Party of Tajikistan 2010 election
2 / 63
 — Shodi Shabdolov Marxism–Leninism [34]
 Transnistria Pridnestrovie Communist Party 2010 election
1 / 43
 — Oleg Khorzhan Marxism–Leninism [35]
 Tunisia Workers' Party 2011 election
3 / 217
 — Hamma Hammami Marxism–Leninism [36]
Democratic Patriots' Movement
1 / 217
 — Zied Lakhdhar Marxism–Leninism [37]
Progressive Struggle Party
1 / 217
 — Unknown Marxism–Leninism [38]
 Ukraine Communist Party of Ukraine 2012 election
32 / 450
 — Petro Symonenko Marxism–Leninism [39]
 Uruguay Communist Party of Uruguay (Broad Front) 2009 election
50 / 99
16 / 30
 Eduardo Lorier Marxism–Leninism
Movement of Popular Participation (Broad Front) Lucía Topolansky Marxism–Leninism
 Venezuela Communist Party of Venezuela 2010 election
3 / 165
 — Oscar Figuera Marxism–Leninism [40]
United Socialist Party of Venezuela
97 / 165
 — Nicolas Maduro Chavismo,
Socialism of the 21st century
 Vietnam Communist Party of Vietnam 2011 election
458 / 500
 — Nguyen Phu Trong Marxism–Leninism,
Ho Chi Minh Thought		 [41]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Kim Jong-un, Let Us Brilliantly Accomplish the Revolutionary Cause of Juche, Holding the Great Comrade Kim Jong Il in High Esteem as the Eternal General Secretary of Our Party, 6 April 2012.
  2. ^ http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/algeria/algeria2012.txt
  3. ^ The first reference is for the lower house, the second for the upper house.
  4. ^ "Burmese general election, 2010". altsean.org. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  5. ^ "South America: Chile – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  6. ^ "East & Southeast Asia: China – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  7. ^ "Central America and Caribbean: Cuba – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  8. ^ "Europe: Cyprus – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  9. ^ "Europe: Czech Republic – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  10. ^ "Europe: Denmark – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  11. ^ "Europe: France – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  12. ^ "Europe: Germany – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 15 January 2012. 
  13. ^ "Europe: Greece – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  14. ^ "Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 – Resultados oficiales" (in Spanish). elecciones2011.tse.org.gt. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  15. ^ The first two references are about seats in parliament.
  16. ^ "National Summary". Raidió Teilifís Éireann. RTÉ.ie. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  17. ^ "Middle East: Israel – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  18. ^ "Vendola: Refoundation? Restoration, we remove the communism out of mothballs". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 5 June 2009. 
  19. ^ "East & Southeast Asia: Japan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  20. ^ "Two more Kazakh parties wins parliamentary seats". British Broadcasting Corporation. BBC Online. Retrieved 16 January 2012. 
  21. ^ "Democratic People's Republic of Korea". Inter-parliamentary Union. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  22. ^ "East & Southeast Asia: Laos – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  23. ^ Wilson, Andrew (31 October 2011). "Latvia – the Good Guys, the Bad Guys and the Russians". New Eastern Europe. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  24. ^ "Europe: Moldova – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  25. ^ The first reference is for the first two parties (and its leaders), and the second reference is for the other parties
  26. ^ "Statuten van de SP. Artikel 3: Doelen en Middelen". Socialistische Partij. Retrieved 3rd june 2012. 
  27. ^ "Central America and Caribbean: Nicaragua – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  28. ^
  29. ^
  30. ^ "Europe: San Marino – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  31. ^ "Подсчитано 100 процентов бюллетеней по выборам депутатов Парламента РЮО" [Estimated 100 percent of the ballots for election of deputies of the Parliament of South Ossetia] (in Russian). Electoral Commission of South Ossetia. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  32. ^ "Europe: Spain – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  33. ^ http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2012/waziruddin180612.html
  34. ^ "Central Asia: Tajikistan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  35. ^ "Khorzan, Oleg Olegovich". Supreme Soviet of Transnistria. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  36. ^
  37. ^ "Africa: Tunisia – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  38. ^ "Africa: Tunisia – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  39. ^
  40. ^ "Communist Party of Venezuela" [PCV – Partido Comunista de Venezuela]. Communist Party of Venezuela. Retrieved 15 January 2012. 
  41. ^
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