Jump to content

List of generic and genericized trademarks

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following three lists of generic and genericized trademarks are:

  • marks which were originally legally protected trademarks, but have been genericized and have lost their legal status due to becoming generic terms,
  • marks which have been abandoned and are now generic terms
  • marks which are still legally protected as trademarks, at least in some jurisdictions

List of former trademarks that have been genericized

[edit]

The following partial list contains marks which were originally legally protected trademarks, but which have subsequently lost legal protection as trademarks by becoming the common name of the relevant product or service, as used both by the consuming public and commercial competitors. These marks were determined in court to have become generic. Some marks retain trademark protection in certain countries despite being declared generic in others.

Ani-Manga
Originally as a trademark of Viz Media which became an umbrella term for anime and manga after its trademark expired on October 28, 2016.[1]
Airfryer
Trademark owned by Philips in the European Union and various other jurisdictions, but invalidated in the United States due to it being merely a descriptive term.[2][3][4]
Aspirin
Still a Bayer trademark name for acetylsalicylic acid in about 80 countries, including Canada and many countries in Europe, but declared generic in the U.S.[5]
Catseye
Originally a trademark for a specific type of retroreflective road safety installation.[6] The IP belong to Reflecting Roadstuds Ltd. and was registered by Percy Shaw.[7]
Cellophane
Still a registered trademark of Innovia Films Ltd in Europe and many other jurisdictions. Genericized in the U.S. Originally a trademark of DuPont.[8][9] A thin, transparent sheet made of regenerated cellulose.
Circline
Originally a trademark of General Electric of ring shaped fluorescent lamps. Became generic in the United States and Canada.[10]
Dry ice
Trademarked by the Dry Ice Corporation of America in 1925.[11][12] A solid form of carbon dioxide.
Escalator
Originally a trademark of Otis Elevator Company and it was a registered trademark until 1950.[13][14]
Flip phone
Originally a trademark of Motorola.[15]
Flit gun
Originally trademarked as a dispenser for Flit, a brand of insecticide manufactured by the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (later Exxon).
Heroin
Trademarked by Friedrich Bayer & Co in 1898.[16][17] Trademark lost in some nations in the Treaty of Versailles, in 1919.[18]
Hovercraft
Trademarked by Saunders-Roe.
Kerosene
First used around 1852.[19]
Lanolin
Trademarked as the term for a preparation of water and the wax from sheep's wool.[20]
Launderette
Coin laundry shop.[21] Telecoin-Bendix trademark, for coin laundries of Telecoin-adapted Bendix machines.
Laundromat
Coin laundry shop.[22] Westinghouse trademark, registered in the U.S. in the 1940s (automatic washing machine) and 1950s (coin laundry) but now expired.
Linoleum
Floor covering,[23] originally coined by Frederick Walton in 1864, and ruled as generic following a lawsuit for trademark infringement in 1878; probably the first product name to become a generic term.[24]
Lyocell
Originally a brand name owned by Lenzing, an austrian based company, for a viscose-type fiber fabricated via the NMMO process. In the meantime Lyocell is a generic name used by various manufacturers.
Mimeograph
Originally trademarked by Albert Dick.[25] A low-cost printing press that works by forcing ink through a stencil onto paper.
Quonset
A trademark of the Great Lakes Steel Corporation for a brand of hemicylindrical prefabricated structures, first deployed at Quonset Point, Rhode Island
Sellotape
Sellotape is a British brand of transparent, cellulose-based, pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, and is the leading brand in the United Kingdom. Sellotape is generally used for joining, sealing, attaching and mending. The term has become a genericised trademark in the UK, Ireland, Australia, Nigeria, Ghana, New Zealand, Israel, India, Serbia, Japan, Croatia, Greece, Turkey, Malaysia, Macedonia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa, and is used much in the same way that Scotch tape came to be used in Canada, France, Italy and the United States, in referring to any brand of clear adhesive tape.
Spidola
A brand created by the Latvian manufacturer VEF, but widely used in the Soviet Union to refer to all transistor radios.[26]
Teleprompter
The word TelePrompTer, with internal capitalization, originated in the 1950s as a trade name used by the TelePrompTer Corporation, for their television prompting apparatus.[27]
Thermos
Originally a trademark of Thermos GmbH (Germany), thermos has referred generically to vacuum-insulated containers[28] in the U.S. since 1963.[29] It remains a trademark in much of the rest of the world.
Trampoline
Originally a trademark of the Griswold-Nissen Trampoline & Tumbling Company.[30]
Videotape
Originally trademarked by Ampex Corporation,[31] an early manufacturer of audio and video tape recorders.

List of former trademarks that have since become generic terms due to reasons other than genericization

[edit]

The following partial list contains marks which were originally legally protected trademarks, but which have subsequently lost legal protection as trademarks due to abandonment, non-renewal or improper issuance (the generic term predated the registration). Some marks retain trademark protection in certain countries despite being generic in others.

App Store
Trademark claimed by Apple Inc. for their digital distribution platform. Apple filed a lawsuit against Amazon.com over Appstore for Amazon, but abandoned the lawsuit after an early rejection of Apple's false advertising claim in the lawsuit.[32] As part of the settlement, Apple gave Amazon a covenant not to sue, so that Amazon would drop its counterclaim to have the registration cancelled.[32] As of February 2019, the trademark, reg. no. 4,829,304, remains "Issued and Active" at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.[33]
Dumpster
Trademark was cancelled in 2015.[34][35] Trademarked by Dempster Brothers, Inc. in 1963, dumpster is originally a portmanteau of the word dump and the last name Dempster. It originally appeared in the 1951 product name Dempster Dumpster,[36] while related patents date back to 1937.[37][38]
Multiball
Used to refer to a state on a pinball machine where two or more balls are present on the playfield simultaneously and can be accessed by the flippers. Trademarked by WMS Industries in 1981 as "Multi-ball" and by Templar Studios in 2000 as "Multiball." "Multiball" was abandoned as a trademark in 2001, and "Multi-ball" was canceled in 2002.[39][40]
Super glue
Formerly trademarked by Loctite Corporation, but the trademark was canceled by a court ruling in 1981,[41][42][43] which found that the term had always been generic. The term "The Original Super Glue" is still trademarked by Pacer Technology.[44][45]
Super Hero
Formally held jointly by Marvel Comics and DC Comics, the trademark was challenged by a comic book artist that argued the term had become generic. The USPTO cancelled the marks in September 2024.[46][47]
Taco Tuesday
A social/family event or sales promotion relating to consuming tacos on a Tuesday; held by Gregory’s Restaurant and Bar in New Jersey and Taco John's in the other 49 states until 2023, when the companies abandoned their trademark registrations after Taco Bell filed petitions with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to cancel the marks.[48][49]
Touch-tone
Dual tone multi-frequency telephone signaling; AT&T states "formerly a trademark of AT&T".[50]
Webster's Dictionary
The publishers with the strongest link to the original are Merriam-Webster, but they have a trademark only on "Merriam-Webster", and other dictionaries are legally published as "Webster's Dictionary".[51]
Yo-Yo
Still a Papa's Toy Co. Ltd. trademark name for a spinning toy in Canada, but was determined that the trademark was improperly issued.[52]
ZIP Code
Originally registered as a United States Postal Service service mark but has since expired.[53]
Zipper
Originally a trademark of B.F. Goodrich for use in rubber boots.[54]

List of protected trademarks frequently used as generic terms

[edit]

Marks in this partial list are still legally protected as trademarks, at least in some jurisdictions, but are sometimes used by consumers in a generic sense. Unlike the names in the list above, these names are still widely known by the public as brand names, and are not used by competitors. Scholars disagree as to whether the use of a recognized trademark name for similar products can truly be called "generic", or if it is instead a form of synecdoche.[55]

The previous list contains trademarks that have completely lost their legal status in some countries, while the following list contains marks which have been registered as trademarks, continue in use, and are actively enforced by their trademark owners. Writing guides such as the AP Stylebook advise writers to "use a generic equivalent unless the trademark is essential to the story".

Trademarked name Generic name Trademark owner Notes
Adidas Sport shoes Adidas AG In Polish language "adidas" has become synonymous to a sport shoe.[56]
Adrenaline Epinephrine Endo (previously Parke-Davis)[57] Widely referred to, in both technical and non-technical contexts, as "adrenaline", and in the BAN and EP systems.[58][59]
Airfix Plastic injection-moulded scale model kits Hornby Railways Still used widely in the UK to describe a scale model[60] as it was the dominant brand at that time.[61]
Allen wrench Hex key Apex Tool Group Also known as an "Allen key" or "hex head wrench", and outside the USA by such brand names as "Inbus", "Unbrako", and "Brugola".[62]
Aqua [id] Mineral water Danone Common in Indonesia as a genericized mark for any mineral water.[citation needed]
Aqua-lung Open-circuit underwater breathing set with demand valve See Aqua-lung#Trademark issues Or nowadays often merely "scuba", or "air scuba", when there is a need to distinguish from rebreathers[citation needed]
AstroTurf Artificial turf Monsanto Company (formerly),
AstroTurf, LLC 		Also gave use to the term astroturfing.[63]
Armco Crash barrier Cleveland-Cliffs Armco barriers made from corrugated steel have long been the standard for crash barrier protection in the UK[64]
Band-Aid Adhesive bandage, plaster Johnson & Johnson (formerly), Kenvue Often used as though generic by consumers in Canada, the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand, though still legally trademarked.[55]
Biro Ballpoint pen Société Bic Used generically in colloquial British, Irish and Australian English, particularly for cheaper disposable pens, but remains a registered trademark. Derived from the name of the inventor, László Bíró.[65]
Bobcat Skid-steer loader Bobcat Company This usage is especially common in Australia. The Clark Equipment Company has successfully defended the trademark against dilution and genericization at least in two cases relating to domain names with the World Intellectual Property Organization.[66][67]
Bubble Wrap Inflated cushioning Sealed Air [68]
Burqini Swimsuit compatible with Islamic modesty requirements Aheda Zanetti Alternatively spelled "burkini", which is also trademarked.[69]
Bush Hog Rotary mower Bush Hog, Inc. [70]
Canon Photocopier or to make a photocopy Canon Inc. Like Xerox became a generic name for a photocopier in some countries, Canon became a generic name for it in Mongolia. As Japanese company was the main exporter of photocopiers to this country, they are widely known as Mongolian: канон[71]
Cashpoint Automated teller machine, cash machine Lloyds Bank Commonly used in the UK to refer to any ATM or cash dispensing machine, regardless of which bank or company it is operated by.[citation needed]
Chain gun Motor operated machine gun Northrop Grumman [72] Also appears as a definition in the Oxford English Dictionary, describing it as "a machine gun that uses a motor-driven chain to power all moving parts"[73]
ChapStick Lip balm Suave Brands Company Used as a shorthand to refer to any brand of lip balm.[74]
Christmas Seals Christmas seal American Lung Association [75] A Charity label or fundraising seal issued at Christmas time to fight tuberculosis or other lung disease. Trademark was taken in 1987 by ALA, who has issued National Christmas Seals in the US continuously since 1907, to prevent other US National charities from competing.
Chyron On-Screen Graphics or Character Generator(CG) ChyronHego Corporation Hardware and software used in broadcasting for making lower thirds and other on screen graphics. Often used to refer to any kind of on screen graphics regardless of playout equipment.[76] [failed verification]
Cigarette boat Go-fast boat Cigarette Racing The nickname derived from fast powerboats that were designed to smuggle cigarettes fast and outrun law enforcement personnel. Trademark was taken following a founding of a company named after the nickname.[77][78]
Clorox Bleach Clorox Company [79]
Coke Cola, soft drink, pop, soda Coca-Cola Company Predominantly used in some parts of the US to refer to any cola (even that of another trademark). Still a trademark.[80]
Colt Revolver Colt's Manufacturing Company, part of Colt CZ Group A common choice of gun during the Wild West, it was used to describe any revolvers during the 19th century, regardless of brand.[81]
Comic-Con Comic book convention San Diego Comic-Con In 2014, San Diego Comic-Con sued the producers of a similarly named convention, contending infringement of its trademark. The case was decided by jury in December 2017, upholding "Comic-Con" as a trademark of SDCC.[82]
Connollising As a verb, to restore automobile leather interior Connolly Leather Often used by automobile enthusiasts and medias, when to describe restoring leather interiors, thanks to the high international reputation of the company.[83][84]
Crock-Pot Slow cooker Sunbeam Products, part of Newell Brands "Crock pot" and "crockpot" are common synonyms used by cooks to describe any slow cooker.[85]
Cuisinart Food processor Conair Sometimes used in the U.S. to refer to any food processor, but still a trademark.[86]
Cutex Nail polish Revlon Mostly used in the Philippines to refer to nail polish, regardless of brand. Often spelled as "Kyutix", "Kutex", or "Kutix."[87] The Shanghainese term of nail polish, "蔻丹", is derived from "Cutex", because Cutex is a well-known brand of nail polish in pre-1949 China,[88] although it's not commonly seen in post-1980s China.
Decora Rocker light switch Leviton Frequently used in the United States to refer to any rocker light switch regardless of manufacturer,[89][90] but still trademarked.[91]
Dictaphone Dictation machine Nuance Communications, part of Microsoft Used to describe devices that are used to record speech such as handheld voice recorders. [citation needed]
Dobro Resonator guitar Gibson Brands Used to describe any Resonator Guitar, especially the single cone "spider-bridge" design originally by the Dobro company.[92]
Doll Instant Noodle [zh] Instant noodles Winner Food Products [zh] "Doll Instant Noodle" (公仔麵) is commonly referred in Hong Kong for instant noodles.[93] Winner Food Products (永南食品) was acquired by its former arch-competitor Nissin Foods in 1989.[94]
Dormobile Motorhome Bedford Vehicles,
then Dormobile (Folkestone) Ltd 		Widely used in the United Kingdom to describe any motorhomes.[95] This article by the BBC is an example of the term being used generically.
Doshirak Instant noodles Paldo Co. Ltd., previously Korea Yakult Used in Russia to refer to any kind of instant noodles.[96]
Dremel Rotary Tool Robert Bosch GmbH Small handheld rotary tools are often called dremels or dremel clones.[citation needed]
Durex Adhesive tape (Australia, Brazil) 3M
LRC Products Ltd (in Australia, for condoms)[97] 		Used in Brazil ("fita durex")[98] and some areas of Australia[65][99][100] as a generic name for adhesive tape.
Elastoplast Adhesive bandage Beiersdorf Much like "Band-Aid" in North America, the name has become a genericized trademark in some Commonwealth countries including the United Kingdom[where? — see talk page] and Australia[failed verification].[101]
EpiPen Epinephrine autoinjector Viatris (formerly Mylan) Commonly used in the United States and Canada as a catch-all term for epinephrine autoinjectors.[102][103]
Esky Cooler Coleman Australian usage[104]
Filofax Personal organizer FLB Group Ltd, formerly Letts Filofax Group [105][106]
Fix-A-Flat Canned tire inflator Illinois Tool Works [107]
Formica Wood or plastic laminate Formica Corporation, part of Broadview Holdings Widely used for the generic product. An attempt to have the trademark quashed failed in 1977.[108]
Freon Refrigerant DuPont (formerly), Chemours Frequently used to refer to any type of refrigerant,[109] though Freon is specifically Dichlorodifluoromethane, or R-12.
Frisbee Flying disc Wham-O [110] Frequently used to describe the flying disc toy, as well as sports such as Ultimate Frisbee (Ultimate)[111] and Frisbee Golf (Disc Golf).[112]
Gib board Drywall Winstone Wallboards Widely used term within New Zealand to refer to plasterboard, after the name of the country's market-leading product of its type (still trademarked).[113]
Gillette Safety razor Procter & Gamble Used in Portugal, Brazil and Turkey as a generic for any safety or cartridge razor.
Glad Wrap Cling-film Glad (company) [114] Used in Australia, New Zealand.
Glock Semi-automatic pistol Glock (company) Commonly used in the United States as a synonym for a semi-automatic pistol, especially within hiphop music.
Google Internet search engine Google LLC [115][116] See Google (verb)
Hacky Sack Footbag Wham-O [117][118]
Hardie Board, HardiePlank Fibre cement products, for cement board and fiber cement siding specifically James Hardie [119][120]
Hills Hoist Rotary clothes line Hills Industries Australian usage[121]
Hoover Vacuum cleaner Hoover Company Widely used as a noun and verb.[108] De facto loss of trademark in the UK.[122]
Hula hoop Toy hoop Wham-O [123]
Indomie Instant noodle Indofood Common in Indonesia and Nigeria as a genericized mark for any instant noodle.
Jacuzzi Hot tub or whirlpool bath Jacuzzi [124]
Jandals Flip-flops ACTSTA The ordinary term for flip-flops in New Zealand but the trademark is still registered and occasionally enforced.[125]
Javex Bleach Clorox Company Used primarily in Canada, where bleach is "eau de javel" as a French-language generic. Acquired from Colgate-Palmolive in late 2006.[126]
JCB Backhoe loader J. C. Bamford Has become a generic term for an excavator mounted with both a front loader and a backhoe in British English, as recognized by the Oxford English Dictionary.[127] Invented by J C Bamford Excavators Ltd., which is still the largest supplier of backhoe loaders.[128]
Jeep Compact sport utility vehicle Chrysler, part of Stellantis Chrysler recently used "trademark awareness" advertisements to prevent the brand from becoming a generic noun or verb, including such statements as They invented 'SUV' because they can't call them Jeep[129] In Ireland all SUVs are colloquially called jeeps, whereas in the UK they are 'four-wheel drives'.
Jell-O Gelatin dessert, jelly Kraft Heinz The name is commonly used in the US to refer to any gelatin-like dessert.[130]
Jetway Passenger boarding bridge JBT AeroTech The name commonly used to describe any brand of enclosed, movable connector which most commonly extends from an airport terminal gate to an airplane, and in some instances from a port to a boat or ship, allowing passengers to board and disembark without going outside or being exposed to the elements.[131]
Jet Ski Stand-up personal watercraft Kawasaki Used universally to refer to any type of personal watercraft. This news article is one example of usage.
Jiffy bag padded mailing envelopes Sealed Air [132][133]
JumboTron Large-screen television Sony Still used, although Sony exited the market for this product in 2001.[134]
Kleenex Facial tissue Kimberly-Clark Often used by consumers as if it were generic in the U.S., France and Canada, but still a legally recognized trademark.[55]
Kool-Aid Drink mix Kraft Heinz Often used in the phrase "Drinking the Kool-Aid," referring to the adoption of a dangerous idea because of peer pressure.[135]
Koozie Can cooler Scribe OpCo, Inc. (dba The Koozie Group) "Koozie" is commonly used as a generic term for all foam or neoprene insulators that cover a container, usually a can or a bottle, in order to keep the beverage cold.[136][137]
Kraft Dinner Macaroni & cheese Kraft Heinz Often used by consumers in Canada[citation needed], but still a legally recognized trademark.
Lava lamp Liquid motion lamp Mathmos [138][139]
Learjet Business jet Bombardier Aerospace Has been used to describe any business jet regardless of builder, due to Bill Lear's skill in public relations.[140][141] Production of Learjet-branded aircraft ended in 2021 due to steadily declining sales versus larger and more comfortable competitors.[142]
Legos Interlocking bricks The Lego Group "Lego" is commonly used as a mass noun ("some Lego") or, in American English, as a countable noun with plural "Legos", to refer to the bricks themselves.[143]
Lexan Polycarbonate resin thermoplastic glass SABIC [144]
Liquid Paper Correction fluid Newell Brands A white liquid applied with a brush used to hide mistakes, written or typed, with ink so they can be overwritten. (Australia, see also Wite-Out in the US Tipp-Ex in the UK and Ireland)[145]
Mace Pepper spray Mace Security International [146][147]
Maclean Toothpaste Haleon Common in Nigeria as a genericized term for toothpaste.[citation needed]
Maggi Bouillon cube,
Instant noodle 		Nestlé A widely recognized genericized term for Bouillon cube and other food seasoning in Nigeria.[citation needed] It is synonymous with instant noodle in Malaysia.[citation needed]
Matchbox Die cast toy Mattel Used at its height of popularity to describe die cast cars.[148][citation needed]
Memory Stick Flash memory storage device Sony Typically used to refer to USB flash drives, as opposed to other brands of memory cards akin to Sony's products.[149][150]
Mickey Mouse comic books and cartoons The Walt Disney Company Typically used to refer to comic books and cartoons in Greece.[citation needed]
Miojo instant noodles Myojo Foods (as of 2007, subsidiary of Nissin foods) Commonly used in Brazil to describe any instant noodles, first commercialized in said country by Myojo Foods in 1965.[151][152][153]
Muzak Elevator music, background music Muzak Holdings An often derogatory term frequently used to describe any form of Easy Listening, smooth jazz, or Middle of the road music, or to the type of recordings once commonly heard on "beautiful music" radio stations.[154][155]
NOS (Nitrous Oxide Systems) Nitrous Holley Performance Products Widely used generically to describe nitrous systems used in motor vehicles.[156] One example of this was when it was used prominently in the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious
Nestlé Chocolate bar Nestlé Commonly used term for chocolate bars in Iraq, pronounced [nastala] [157]
Onesies Infant/Adult bodysuit (babygro) Gerber Childrenswear Often used by consumers in the U.S. as if it were generic; "Onesies" is still a legally trademarked brand name of Gerber Childrenswear, which objects to its usage in the singular form as "Onesie" or as a generic product name.[158] Recently used to describe an adult bodysuit.[159]
Pampers Diapers Procter & Gamble Pampers are frequently used as a synonym for diapers in Russia and other CIS countries irrespective of actual brand.[160]
Photoshop Photo manipulation Adobe Inc. Commonly used as a verb to generically describe digital manipulation or compositing of photographs.[161] See Photoshop (verb).
Ping Pong Table tennis Parker Brothers Originally trademarked by Jaques and Son, was later passed to Parker Bros. A number of U.S. organizations nowadays are required to refer its sport as table tennis as means of trademark protection.[162][163]
Plasticine Modelling clay Flair Leisure Products plc Often applied as a name for a putty-like modelling material made from calcium salts, petroleum jelly and aliphatic acids. It is often used as modelling medium for art such as claymation.[164]
Play-Doh Modelling clay Hasbro In 2011, the United Kingdom High Court determined "Play Dough" to be trademarked by Hasbro after a German toy maker labelled its Yummy Dough edible modelling clay with the strapline "THE EDIBLE PLAY DOUGH!".[165][166][167]
Plexiglas, Plexiglass Acrylic glass Altuglas International,
Rohm & Haas (formerly) 		Often misspelled with a double "s", which appears to have become generic, possibly providing partial protection for the tradename "Plexiglas"[168][169]
Pogo Corn dog ConAgra Foods The generic, but still trademarked, term for corn dogs in Canada, derived from the popular brand.[170][171]
Popsicle Ice pop; ice lolly (UK); icy pole (Australia) Good Humor-Breyers, part of Unilever [172][173]
Portakabin Portable building Portakabin Ltd., owned by Shepherd Building Group Widely used term for a portable modular building in the UK.[174][175] Portakabin is among the brands poked fun at by the satirical magazine Private Eye over its attempts to protect the term against genericization.[176]
Positraction Limited-slip differential General Motors Marketing term for clutch-type limited-slip differentials on vehicles sold by General Motors' Chevrolet division; now commonly used to refer to any limited-slip differential, regardless of automaker or type.[177]
Post-it Sticky note 3M Often used by consumers as if it were generic in the UK, U.S. and Canada, but still a legally recognized trademark.[178]
PostShop post office NZ Post Widely use to refer to post offices in New Zealand, although the CamelCase form is the only one on the registered trademark.[179]
Pot Noodle Instant noodles Unilever Used widely in the United Kingdom as it is the dominant brand.[174]
PowerPoint Slide show presentation program Microsoft [180]
Pritt Stick Glue stick Henkel A newspaper article by the Daily Mirror (on 27 March 2010) treated the brand as a generic name,[181] another example of use is by The Guardian on its 16 June 2007 article.[182]
Putt-Putt golf Miniature golf Putt-Putt Fun Center [183]
Pyrex Borosilicate glass Instant Brands [citation needed]
Q-tips Cotton swabs; cotton buds (UK and Ireland); cotton tip (Australia) Unilever Often used by consumers as if it were generic in the U.S. and Canada, but still a legally recognized trademark.[184]
Razor scooter compact folding scooter Micro Mobility Systems [citation needed]
Realtor Real estate agent National Association of Realtors Often used by the public, the media, and even real estate agents to refer generally to any real estate agent, but the term is a legally recognized trademark of the National Association of Realtors. The terms "Realtor" and "Realtors" refer to members of this association, and not to real estate agents generally. The National Association of Realtors is engaged in ongoing efforts to prevent the mark from becoming generic. These efforts include, among other things, writing to members of the media to complain of improper usage, distribution of information and guidelines on correct usage, and the development of an educational video on the subject.[185]
Rizla Rolling paper Imperial Tobacco Often used to describe rolling papers which are used to contain rolled tobacco or cannabis.[186]
Rollerblade Inline skates Nordica, owned by Tecnica Group Commonly used name by consumers in the U.S. and Canada, but the name is still a trademark.[187]
Romex Non-metallic sheathed cable, Thermoplastic-sheathed cable Southwire (company).[188] Commonly used name by consumers in the U.S., but the name is still a trademark.[citation needed]
Roomba Robotic vacuum cleaner iRobot Corporation Commonly used to refer to robotic vacuum cleaners, regardless of brand.[citation needed]
Rugby Rubber cement Bostik Philippines, Inc. Being the first rubber cement brand in the Philippines, eventually used to refer to any brand of rubber contact cement.[189] See also Rugby boy, a collective term for destitute youths known for their use of rubber cement as an inhalant.
Saran wrap Cling-film S. C. Johnson & Son Commonly used in the United States as a synonym for clingfilm or plastic wrap.
Sawzall Reciprocating saw Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Commonly used to refer to a reciprocating saw, regardless of brand.[citation needed]
Scalextric Slot car Hornby Railways Used commonly in the United Kingdom to describe slot cars and the hobbies itself.[190]
Scotch tape Clear adhesive tape (US) 3M Appears in dictionaries as both generic and trademarked.[191] "Trademark Law" advises that proper usage is "Scotch brand cellophane tape" to combat "generic tendencies".[192]
Ski-Doo Snowmobile Bombardier Recreational Products Usage in Canada, especially Quebec and British Columbia.[193]
Sea-Doo Sit-down personal watercraft Bombardier Recreational Products Used regionally in the U.S. (where the company holds 50.3% of the market share) to refer to any type of sit-down PWC. Usage is strongest in Canada, especially in Quebec, where the manufacturer is based.[194]
Sellotape Clear adhesive tape (UK and Ireland) Sellotape Company, owned by Henkel Consumer Adhesives Often used generically as a verb and noun.[195][196][197] Appears in dictionaries as both generic and trademarked.[198]
Sharpie Permanent marker Sanford L.P., owned by Newell Brands James Faulkner, Sanford's marketing manager, has said "In America the Sharpie name is used as the generic for a permanent marker".[199]
Skilsaw Circular saw NANJING CHERVON INDUSTRY CO. Commonly used instead of saying circular saw.[citation needed]
Softail Motorcycle suspension Harley-Davidson Registered trademark[200] for a line of Harley-Davidson motorcycles with a suspension that mimics the appearance of a rigid frame, and has since been used to refer to motorcycles of other makes with hidden rear suspensions as well as bicycles incorporating a rear suspension.[201]
Speedo Swim briefs Speedo [202]
Stetson Cowboy hat John B. Stetson Company Although John B. Stetson Company manufactures other types of brimmed hats, the word Stetson has been long used[203] for a generic cowboy hat which features a high crown and wide brim.
Stanley knife Utility knife Stanley Works In Great Britain, the press and law enforcement officers have referred to it as Stanley knife during incidents, regardless if said weapon is actually a utility knife. The trademark has since become a dictionary term.[204]
Stelvin closure Screw cap Rio Tinto Alcan Often used generically.[205]
Styrofoam Polystyrene foam Dow Chemical Company (formerly), DuPont In the United States and Canada, "styrofoam" is often used as a generic term for disposable foam cups, plates, coolers and packing material, although these are made from a different polystyrene product than true Styrofoam Brand Foam,[206] which is made for thermal insulation and craft applications.[207]
Tannoy Public-address (PA) system Tannoy Ltd. UK usage[208]
Targa top Semi-convertible hard roof panel Porsche Although first used in the 1960s, trademark was not claimed until the 1970s, when its popularity grew; hence, the name is treated as a generic trademark by the general public and the motoring press to describe a detachable hard roof panel for cars.[209]
Tarmac Asphalt road surface Tarmac Often used by consumers as if it were generic in the UK and Canada, but still a legally recognized trademark.[210]
Taser Electroshock weapon, stun gun Taser Systems,
Taser International 		Originally TASER, an acronym for a fictional weapon: Thomas A. Swift's Electric Rifle.[211] Taser is a registered tradename, prompting a backformed verb "to tase" which means "to use a Taser on", although "to taser" is also commonly used.
Tayto Crisps (Ireland) Intersnack Very common in Ireland to refer to all crisps and potato or corn based snacks as Taytos[212]
Tesafilm Clear adhesive tape Tesa SE Very common in Germany to adhesive tapes[citation needed]
Transformer Mecha Hasbro/Tomy Became used largely due to the success of the film franchise, regardless of its need for human pilots or lack of transforming capabilities, most commonly a Gundam.

Example: During the 2020 Summer Olympics, the BBC was called out on Twitter by the anime press and its fanbase for mistaking a monument of RX-0 Unicorn Gundam (from Mobile Suit Gundam Unicorn), installed outside Odaiba's DiverCity Tokyo Plaza for a Transformer.[213][214][215]

Tipp-Ex Correction fluid Tipp-Ex GmbH & Co. KG Common throughout Europe[216]
Tivoli Amusement park Tivoli A/S The Danish Tivoli Gardens amusement park has registered its colloquial name "Tivoli" as company name and trademark. In Danish language, the word "tivoli" has however been a generic term for "amusement park" from before the Tivoli Gardens opened in 1843[217] and is still used as such, for instance in the name of many other amusement parks all over Denmark[218] and other Scandinavian countries. This is currently the focal point of several legal disagreements,[219] with the first (Tivoli A/S vs Innocent Pictures ApS) leading to a win for Tivoli A/S in Denmark's Supreme Court in September 2010.[220]
Tupperware Plastic storage containers Earl Tupper Preparation, storage, containment, and serving products for the kitchen and home, which were first introduced to the public in 1946.[221]
Uber Ridesharing company Uber Frequently used as a verb.[222]
Vaseline Petroleum jelly, petrolatum Unilever Often used by consumers as if it were generic, but still a legally recognized trademark.[184]
Velcro Hook-and-loop fastener Velcro Companies Used as generic, but still trademarked.[223] Often used as a verb.[224]
Vetsin Monosodium glutamate Tien Chun Ve-Tsin Philippine term for monosodium glutamate, from the formerly most popular brand. Ajinomoto leads the monosodium glutamate market presently, but people still refer to it as Vetsin/Bitsin.[225] In China, the term "Vetsin" (味精, Weijing) has never been a trade mark.
Walkman Personal stereo Sony Was often used generically for any portable stereo player (usually cassette players), and in 2002 an Austrian court ruled that it had passed into common usage,[226] but still a legally recognized trademark.[227]
WaveRunner Personal water craft Yamaha Motor Company Often used, along with Jet Ski, to refer to any type of personal watercraft.[228]
Winnebago Recreational vehicle Winnebago Industries Used in the United Kingdom to describe a coach sized American motorhome. The term is also used generically in the United States describe pretty much any motorhome, but not to the same extent.[229]
Wite-Out Correction fluid Société Bic A white liquid applied with a brush used to hide mistakes, written or typed, with ink so they can be overwritten. (US, see also Tipp-Ex in the UK and Ireland)[145]
Xerox Photocopier or to make a photocopy Xerox Xerox has used "trademark awareness" advertisements to prevent the brand from becoming a generic noun or verb, including such statements as "You can't make a Xerox."[230] However, it is used in the Philippines,[231] India, Russia, and Brazil as a generic word for 'photocopy'.
Zamboni Ice resurfacer Zamboni Company Frank J. Zamboni & Co., Inc. has taken a strong stance against its trademark dilution, the Zamboni name being used as a genericized trademark for ice resurfacers;[232] the company holds a registered trademark on the design and configuration of the Zamboni Ice Resurfacer by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.[233]
Zeppelin Rigid airship Luftschiffbau Zeppelin [234][235]
Zimmer frame Walking frame Zimmer Holdings [citation needed]
Ziploc Zipper storage bag SC Johnson [citation needed]
Zodiac Inflatable boat Zodiac Milpro [citation needed]
Zoom Videoconferencing Zoom Video Communications Frequently used as a verb.[236]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "ANI-MANGA". OpenCorporates. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
  2. ^ "1149913- Airfryer". wipo.int. World Intellectual Property Organization. Archived from the original on 27 January 2024. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
  3. ^ "Trademark Status & Document Retrieval". tsdr.uspto.gov. United States Patent and Trademark Office. Archived from the original on 13 July 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
  4. ^ https://madrid.wipo.int/documentaccess/documentAccess?docid=1550867101 Archived 2024-01-27 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL]
  5. ^ Bayer Co. v. United Drug Co., 272 F. 505 (S.D.N.Y. 1921) Archived 2011-09-08 at the Wayback Machine, Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University, accessed March 25th, 2011
  6. ^ The History of British Roadsigns, Dept. for Transport, 2nd Edition, 1999
  7. ^ "Catseye firm responds to Highways England's loose way with words". www.theconstructionindex.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2023-11-24. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  8. ^ "Trademarks". Mills, Turansky, & Griffith. Archived from the original on 2008-05-14.
  9. ^ "Cellophane | Define Cellophane at Dictionary.com". dictionary.reference.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  10. ^ "GE Fluorescent Circline FC16T10-CW". www.lamptech.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2023-09-02. Retrieved 2023-07-07.
  11. ^ "The History and Discovery of Dry Ice". inventors.about.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-15. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  12. ^ "61/51/D0405100 dry ice. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". bartleby.com. Archived from the original on 2009-01-31. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  13. ^ Quirk, Mary Beth (8 March 2018). "15 Product Trademarks That Have Become Victims Of Genericization". Consumer Reports. Archived from the original on 2023-07-25. Retrieved 2020-10-08.
  14. ^ "About Escalators" (PDF). OTIS. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 14, 2006.
  15. ^ US trademark #2157939, cancelled February 26, 2005
  16. ^ "Online Etymology Dictionary". etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 2011-05-15. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  17. ^ "Heroin | Define Heroin at Dictionary.com". dictionary.reference.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  18. ^ "'Genericide': Brands destroyed by their own success – BBC News". bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2017-05-06. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  19. ^ "Kerosene | Define Kerosene at Dictionary.com". dictionary.reference.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  20. ^ Jaffe v. Evans & Sons, Ltd., U.S. (New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department March 21, 1902).
  21. ^ Stanley S. Bloom (1988). The Launderette: A History. Duckworth. ISBN 0715625098.
  22. ^ Livermore, Beth (1999). "The Way We Are – time capsules – Brief Article". Natural History. Archived from the original on 2008-09-25. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  23. ^ "61/88/L0188800 linoleum. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000". bartleby.com. Archived from the original on 2005-04-15. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  24. ^ Powell, Jane; Linda Svendsen (2003). Linoleum. Gibbs Smith. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-58685-303-7.
  25. ^ mimeograph. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000 Archived September 8, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ ""Спидолу" писали с маленькой буквы...//Телеграф, № 56 (294) от 22 марта 2004". radiopagajiba.lv. Archived from the original on 2016-05-07. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  27. ^ "17 years of progress .. and still going strong" (PDF). AmericanRadioHistory.com. April 27, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-11-27. Retrieved 2017-04-27.
  28. ^ "Definition of THERMOS". www.merriam-webster.com. 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
  29. ^ King-Seeley Thermos Co. v. Aladdin Industries, 321 F.2d 577, 401 (2d Cir. 1963), archived from the original.
  30. ^ Eskenazi, G. (2003). A Sportswriter's Life: From the Desk of a New York Times Reporter. University of Missouri Press. p. 125. ISBN 9780826262608. Retrieved 2017-04-09 – via Internet Archive.
  31. ^ "Ampex Corporation". Engineering and Technology History Wiki. 14 September 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-12-05. Retrieved 2021-12-04.
  32. ^ a b Mullin, Joe (July 7, 2013). "Apple gives up on failing App Store v. Appstore trademark lawsuit". Ars Technica. Condé Nast Publications.
  33. ^ APP. Reg. no. 4,829,304 Archived 2013-04-04 at the Wayback Machine (registered October 15, 2015). U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Trademark Status & Document Retrieval system. Accessed February 25, 2020.
  34. ^ "USPTO Trademark #72137327". USPTO. Archived from the original on 2011-08-30. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
  35. ^ "USPTO Trademark #72196260". USPTO. Archived from the original on 2011-08-30. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
  36. ^ "USPTO Trademark #71662015". USPTO. Archived from the original on 2010-03-03. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
  37. ^ Dempster, George R. "US Patent #2150821". Google Patents. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
  38. ^ "Beginnings: The Dempster Dumpster". Classic Refuse Trucks Dempster. 6 January 2006. Archived from the original on 2011-02-20. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
  39. ^ "Trademark Status & Document Retrieval – Multiball". United States Patent and Trademark Office. Archived from the original on 2013-04-04. Retrieved 2014-04-25.
  40. ^ "Trademark Status & Document Retrieval – Multi-ball". United States Patent and Trademark Office. Archived from the original on 2013-04-04. Retrieved 2014-04-25.
  41. ^ "Trademark Status & Document Retrieval - Super Glue". Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  42. ^ "Trademark Graveyard - Super Glue". Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  43. ^ "Loctite Corp. v. National Starch & Chemical, 516 F. Supp. 190 (S.D.N.Y. 1981)". Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  44. ^ "Trademark Status & Document Retrieval - The Original Super Glue". Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  45. ^ "27 Trademarked Names That Have Become Commonly Used Terms". Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  46. ^ Britton, Blake (September 29, 2024). "US Trademark Office cancels Marvel, DC's 'Super Hero' marks". Reuters. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  47. ^ Superbabies Ltd v. Marvel Characters Inc, Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, Cancellation No. 92085201.
  48. ^ Jordan Valinsky (2023-07-18). "The battle for the 'Taco Tuesday' trademark is over". WISH-TV. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
  49. ^ Valinsky, Jordan (2023-10-24). "Taco Bell's battle to free the 'Taco Tuesday' trademark is officially over | CNN Business". CNN. Archived from the original on 2023-10-24. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  50. ^ "Centrex Service". Archived from the original on 2006-04-22. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
  51. ^ "Merriam-Webster FAQ". Archived from the original on 2009-12-30. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
  52. ^ "343 F.2d 655: Donald F. Duncan, Inc., Plaintiff-appellee, v. Royal Tops Manufacturing Company, Inc., and Randy Brown, Defendants-appellants". Justia US Law. Archived from the original on 2014-05-25. Retrieved 2014-05-23.
  53. ^ "Latest Status Info". United States Patent and Trademark Office. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30. Retrieved 2009-07-10.
  54. ^ "Zipper | Define Zipper at Dictionary.com". dictionary.reference.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  55. ^ a b c Butters, Ronald R.; Westerhaus, Jennifer (2004). "Linguistic change in words one owns: How trademarks become 'generic'". In Curzan, Anne; Emmons, Kimberly (eds.). Studies in the History of the English Language II. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110180978. Archived from the original on September 10, 2024. Retrieved August 21, 2008 – via Google Books.
  56. ^ Słownik języka polskiego, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN S.A., archived from the original on 2024-09-10, retrieved 2024-08-30
  57. ^ "Adrenalin", Trademark Status & Document Retrieval, United States Patent and Trademark Office, 2016-08-03, archived from the original on 2020-02-18, retrieved 2024-09-25
  58. ^ Aronson, J. K. (2000). ""Where name and image meet"--the argument for "adrenaline"". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 320 (7233): 506–509. doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7233.506. PMC 1127537. PMID 10678871.
  59. ^ "Medic Guide: What's the difference between adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine)?". Medicguide.blogspot.com. 2008-07-19. Archived from the original on 2012-03-01. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  60. ^ "Part 1 – The Top 50 Brand Names People use as Generic Terms". londonip.co.uk. 21 October 2014. Archived from the original on 11 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  61. ^ Caddick-Adams, Peter (2006-09-01). "Airfix made me the man I am". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
  62. ^ Moore, Elise. "The History of the Allen wrench". Garden Guides. Archived from the original on 2019-12-04. Retrieved 2019-12-04.
  63. ^ "Copyrights & Campaigns: 'AstroTurf' vs. 'astroturf': can a trademark owner control uses of its mark in a news article?". Copyrightsandcampaigns.blogspot.com. 2009-04-13. Archived from the original on 2011-08-26. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  64. ^ "Armco Barriers Designed & Manufactured in the UK – CT Safety Barriers". Edge45.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2018-07-02. Retrieved 2018-07-02.
  65. ^ a b Room, Adrian (1983). Dictionary of Trade Name Origins. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7102-0174-4.
  66. ^ "Administrative Panel Decision: Clark Equipment Company v. AllJap Machinery Pty Ltd Case No. DAU2011-0042". World Intellectual Property Organization. 5 March 2012. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2013-01-31.
  67. ^ "Administrative Panel Decision: Clark Equipment Company v. R & R Equipment Pty Ltd Case No. DAU2012-0011". World Intellectual Property Organization. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2013-01-31.
  68. ^ "Examples of generic usage of Bubble Wrap in newspapers worldwide". 12 January 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-04-12. Retrieved 2021-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  69. ^ "Examples of generic usage of Burqini in newspapers worldwide". 7 September 2019. Archived from the original on 2021-01-26. Retrieved 2020-10-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  70. ^ "Examples of generic usage of Bush Hog in newspapers worldwide". 11 January 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-03-07. Retrieved 2021-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  71. ^ "Вещь с именем" (in Russian). Men's Health Россия. 7 March 2017. Archived from the original on 6 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  72. ^ "USPTO Assignments on the Web | "Chain Gun" USPTO Registered Trademark". assignments.uspto.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-05-07. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  73. ^ "Definition of chain gun – Oxford Dictionaries (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on July 15, 2011. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  74. ^ "Truth about ChapStick® vs. Lip Balm". Chapstick SBC. Archived from the original on 2024-09-18. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  75. ^ "American Lung Association Christmas Seals – Over 100 Years". Christmasseals.org. Archived from the original on 2012-08-09. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  76. ^ "LI company goes private; delisted in $120M deal". Newsday. Archived from the original on 2017-07-08. Retrieved 2017-09-25.
  77. ^ "About Cigarette Boats – Boat Safe Kids!". Boatsafe.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  78. ^ "George Bush: The Unauthorized Biography". Tarpley.net. Archived from the original on 2012-07-28. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  79. ^ "Absorbing Clorox?". Businessweek. Archived from the original on February 5, 2001. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  80. ^ "In the South, a 'coke' could be a Pepsi" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-12-06. Retrieved 2008-08-18.
  81. ^ A New Dictionary of Eponyms – Morton S. Freeman – Google Books. 1997-12-18. ISBN 9780195093544. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  82. ^ Weisberg, Lori. "Comic-Con wins legal fight over rights to its name". sandiegouniontribune.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  83. ^ "Connollising". Leatherbys. Archived from the original on 2012-03-05. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  84. ^ "technical/seats". porsche964.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  85. ^ "Is Slow Cooker Synonymous with Crock-Pot?". Food News Service. Archived from the original on 2008-02-08. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
  86. ^ "Intro to Trademarks Kelly". Canosoarus.com. 1989-11-16. Archived from the original on 2012-05-13. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  87. ^ "This is where my wallet comes to cry: OPI Glitzerland + China Glaze Crushed Candy". Blogspot. 20 August 2011. Archived from the original on 2015-02-06. Retrieved 2015-02-06.
  88. ^ "金拱门再尬 也比不上可口可乐当年"蝌蚪啃蜡"这个名字". Sina Blog. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 2019-03-05.
  89. ^ "White Decora Rocker Switch Plates". Kyle Switch Plates. Archived from the original on 2014-09-16. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
  90. ^ "Did you do decora or regular light switches?". GardenWeb Forums. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
  91. ^ "Introducing the Mobile Device Station". Leviton. Archived from the original on 2013-09-18. Retrieved 2013-09-18.
  92. ^ Forquer, Ty (11 October 2017). "What do Dobro and Kleenex have in common?". All Strings Considered. Retrieved 8 April 2019.
  93. ^ [1] [permanent dead link‍]
  94. ^ "DOLL". DOLL. Archived from the original on 2020-10-26. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
  95. ^ "Used car search". Archived from the original on 2012-09-01. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
  96. ^ Исянов К. Р. Коммерческие названия как промежуточные категории между именами собственными и нарицательными на примере немецкого и русского языков Archived 2024-04-08 at the Wayback Machine. // Вестник Башкирск. ун-та. 2012. № 2.
  97. ^ "Australian Trade Mark Search". Archived from the original on 2023-04-18. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
  98. ^ "3M Brasil: Informações Corporativas". 3m.com. Archived from the original on 2006-03-14. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  99. ^ Riezebos, Rik; H. J. Riezebos; Bas Kist; Gert Kootstra (2003). Brand management: a theoretical and practical approach. Pearson Education. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-273-65505-3.
  100. ^ Hicks, Wynford (2004). Quite Literally: Problem Words and How to Use Them. Routledge. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-415-32019-1.
  101. ^ "Entry at Miriam-Webster.com". Archived from the original on 2019-01-11. Retrieved 2019-01-10.
  102. ^ Jones, Velena (June 29, 2016). "Prices of EpiPens on the rise due to lack of competition, experts say". Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  103. ^ Moore, Jill D. (2014). "Emergency Epinephrine Auto-Injectors for Schools - S.L. 2014-100 (S 744), Sec. 8.23". UNC School of Government. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Archived from the original on 2021-01-13. Retrieved 2021-01-11. The term 'EpiPen' is used colloquially as if it were a generic term
  104. ^ Mountney, Jason (2011). "History of the Esky - a cool Aussie icon". Handyman. Reader's Digest Australia. Archived from the original on 30 March 2012.
  105. ^ "History of the Personal Data Assistant (PDA)". h2g2. 6 January 2012. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2021.[unreliable source?]
  106. ^ "Learning the Filofax of life – The Scotsman". business.scotsman.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-14. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  107. ^ "Fix-A-Flat: The Debate Over Its Use". thecarconnection.com. Archived from the original on 2017-04-10. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  108. ^ a b Low, John; Blois, Keith (August 2002). "The evolution of generic brands in industrial markets: the challenges to owners of brand equity". Industrial Marketing Management. 31 (5): 385–392. doi:10.1016/S0019-8501(00)00131-0.
  109. ^ Maeve Maddox (14 January 2009). "Are You Guilty of Genericide?". DailyWritingTips. Archived from the original on 2013-09-04. Retrieved 2013-09-27.
  110. ^ "FRISBEE Trademark of WHAM-O HOLDING, LTD. - Registration Number 0679186 - Serial Number 72056220 :: Justia Trademarks". trademarks.justia.com. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  111. ^ "History of Ultimate". www.wfdf.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-18. Retrieved 2020-06-25.
  112. ^ Williamson, Alex (September 26, 2022). "Frisbee Golf: The Same Thing as Disc Golf, Just Not in the U.S." ReleasePoint. UDisc.
  113. ^ "Decision of the Advertising Standards Complaints Board, Complainant: Winstone Wallboards Limited; Advertisement: James Hardie Archived October 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", retrieved 4 April 2013. A section of the statement by the Television Commercial Approvals Bureau states: "Winstone's may be correct in claiming most people think of plaster board as gib board. But it is standard plaster board they think of as gib – not Gibraltar Specialty Boards or the entire Gibraltar Board range. Even a handyman recognizes the difference between gib board (the generic standard plaster board term) and Gibraltar Board specialty products."
  114. ^ "doc/1G1-110462360 Glad Wrap[R] trade mark advice. – NZ Business". Archived from the original on 2012-11-02. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  115. ^ "Google calls in the 'language police'" Archived 2024-09-10 at the Wayback Machine, BBC, June 20, 2003
  116. ^ "Google". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 2012-01-12. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
  117. ^ "Footbag FAQ: Footbag In General". footbag.org. Archived from the original on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  118. ^ "Kick in the Rear: Whatever happened to Hacky Sack around here? – Washington City Paper". washingtoncitypaper.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-21. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  119. ^ "Siding Replacement Wars: James Hardie vs. LP SmartSide in a Battle for Contractors, Builders, and You". 17 June 2014. Archived from the original on 10 September 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  120. ^ "Fiber Cement Siding 101: What to Know About Cost, Maintenance, and More". 24 May 2013. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
  121. ^ "Hill's Hoist". kidcyber.com.au. Archived from the original on 2014-03-11. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  122. ^ Duffy, Jonathan (20 June 2003). "Google calls in the 'language police'". BBC News. BBC. Archived from the original on 2008-07-26. Retrieved 2008-08-23.
  123. ^ Caliendo, Heather (2008). "Hula Hoop adaptation proves to be a ringer for a Tulsa exercise". The Journal Record. Archived from the original on 2009-10-10.
  124. ^ "Examples of generic usage of Jacuzzi in newspapers worldwide". 11 January 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-03-06. Retrieved 2021-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  125. ^ "Jandals - trademarked name or generic term?". 28 January 2014. Archived from the original on 2021-06-12. Retrieved 2021-03-22.
  126. ^ Clorox press release Archived 2007-12-05 at the Wayback Machine, December 20, 2006
  127. ^ "JCB's History". CAMEC JCB. Corp. (Philippines). Archived from the original on 2010-03-27. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
  128. ^ "JCB: World Class Products". JCB. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2010-10-26.
  129. ^ "Chrysler's Ad Tells Consumers Its JEEP SUVs Are Special, Not Generic". uslaw.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-19. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  130. ^ Kane, Colleen (2011-02-18). "Surprising Generic Terms That Were Once Trademarks". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2023-12-26. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
  131. ^ Perlman, Merrill (June 14, 2010). "On Your Mark". Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved May 16, 2017.
  132. ^ "Packaging, Jiffy Bags, Bubble Wrap, Envelopes, Smart Packaging Store, Supplier". smartpackagingstore.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2022-01-29. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  133. ^ "Examples of generic usage of Jiffy Bag in newspapers worldwide". 23 March 2020. Retrieved 2021-01-07.[permanent dead link‍]
  134. ^ "Jumbotron FAQ – Big Beef and Beer". bigbeefandbeer.com. Archived from the original on 2016-06-04. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  135. ^ "How Jim Jones led massacre victims to 'drink the Kool-Aid'". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-03.
  136. ^ "To Have and to Hold: Why Texans Love Their Koozies". Texas Monthly. Archived from the original on 2024-01-14. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
  137. ^ "Foam vs. Neoprene". Uncommon Covers. Archived from the original on 2024-04-18. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
  138. ^ "How Liquid Motion Lamps Work | HowStuffWorks". howstuffworks.com. 13 October 2000. Archived from the original on 2012-05-12. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  139. ^ "Lava Lamp Lava Lite". jetcityorange.com. Archived from the original on 2011-09-03. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  140. ^ "If you're thinking about buying a 'Learjet', make sure it's a Learjet you're thinking about". Flying. 104 (3): 46–49. March 1979. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2021-08-28.
  141. ^ Butcher, R. (2013). Not Brave Enough: My Leap into the Stratosphere. AuthorHouse. p. 81. ISBN 9781491821800. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  142. ^ Harper, Justin (March 12, 2021). "Goodbye to the original celebrity private jet". Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  143. ^ "Lego". Wiktionary. Wikimedia. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  144. ^ "Targa Miata". targamiata.com. Archived from the original on 2016-04-29. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  145. ^ a b "Genericized Trademark". nowsell.com. Archived from the original on 27 December 2013. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  146. ^ "Are You Guilty of Genericide?". dailywritingtips.com. 14 January 2009. Archived from the original on 2013-09-04. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  147. ^ "Has mace become a generic trademark?". genericides.org. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-02-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  148. ^ "articles/m/a/Matchbox". bambooweb.com. Archived from the original on 2011-09-26. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  149. ^ "USB Flash Drives". 22 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2015-05-29. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  150. ^ "Has memory stick become a generic trademark?". genericides.org. 11 January 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-03-07. Retrieved 2021-02-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  151. ^ "Macarrão instantâneo, o famoso miojo, comemora 60 anos". Ombrelo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-09-11. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  152. ^ "15 Marcas que se tornaram sinônimo de nomes de produtos". Incrível — Inspiração. Criatividade. Admiração. (in Portuguese). 2021-09-17. Archived from the original on 2024-05-24. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  153. ^ "Como surgiu o miojo no Brasil?". BringTek Curiosity (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-11-26. Archived from the original on 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  154. ^ "Our Company". Muzak Limited Liability Company (wfrecruiter.com). Archived from the original on 2012-02-09. Retrieved 2007-11-08.
  155. ^ "Annals of Culture: The Soundtrack of Your Life", The New Yorker Archived 2009-06-26 at the Wayback Machine by David Owen (04/10/2006).
  156. ^ Hartman, Jeff (2004). How to Tune and Modify Engine Management Systems. Motorbooks. ISBN 978-0-7603-1582-8.[page needed]
  157. ^ "Bitter backlash for Iraq's 'no chocolate' cleric". Al Arabiya English. 2016-02-23. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
  158. ^ "Gerber Childrenswear Brand Usage". Gerber Childrenswear official website. Archived from the original on 2009-04-25. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
  159. ^ "Is it ever OK to wear a onesie? | Fashion | The Guardian". theguardian.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  160. ^ "Genericized trademarks | Trademarks| Bonamark". bonamark.com. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
  161. ^ "The Photoshopping Of The President". archive.salon.com. Archived from the original on 2009-09-25. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  162. ^ "USA Table Tennis – Features, Events, Results & Team USA | Introduction: Table Tennis Or Ping-Pong?". usatt.org. Archived from the original on 2012-08-15. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  163. ^ "Are There Any Trademark Rights Left In The Term Ping-Pong? – Fredrikson & Byron P.A." archive.is. Archived from the original on 2010-10-29. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  164. ^ "ColourClay StaySoft Modelling Clay – Modroc". modroc.com. Archived from the original on 2017-04-10. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  165. ^ "Hasbro Wins Lawsuit Over Play-Doh Trademark". CBS News. 15 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
  166. ^ "Has Play-Doh become a generic trademark?". genericides.org. 2020-01-11. Archived from the original on 2021-02-13. Retrieved 2021-02-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  167. ^ "Hasbro Inc v 123 Nahrmittel GMBH: Acquired distinctiveness versus descriptiveness". 31 March 2011. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  168. ^ Merriam-Webster. "Plexiglas – Definition". Archived from the original on 2011-10-17. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
  169. ^ Merriam-Webster. "plexiglass – Definition". Archived from the original on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
  170. ^ "Pogo or Corn Dog? – Off-Topic – Giant Bomb". giantbomb.com. 28 June 2010. Archived from the original on 2015-07-01. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  171. ^ "What's Different in Canada | Pogo Sticks". whatsdifferentincanada.tumblr.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-26. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  172. ^ "Patent US1505592 – Frozen confectionery – Google Patents". Archived from the original on 2021-07-05. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  173. ^ "Popsicle". 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-10-10. Retrieved 2020-10-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  174. ^ a b itma.org.uk[permanent dead link‍]
  175. ^ "Case details for Trade Mark 851268". UK Intellectual Property Office. 18 July 2008. Archived from the original on 7 June 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  176. ^ "DIARY: One in the Private Eye for Portakabin". www.planningresource.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
  177. ^ O'Connor, Michael (May 4, 2022). "What is Positraction?". Autolist. CarGurus, Inc. Archived from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
  178. ^ www.imagemakergraphics.com. "3 x 4 Custom Post it Note Pads – Desktop Post It Note Pad Printing". imagemakergraphics.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  179. ^ "Manage IP". Intellectual Property Office of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 2021-09-26. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
  180. ^ "41 Brand Names People Use as Generic Terms | Mental Floss". mentalfloss.com. 9 May 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-03-22. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  181. ^ "Teacher to go on trial for hitting pupil's thumb with Pritt Stick – Mirror Online". mirror.co.uk. 27 March 2010. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  182. ^ Pemberton, Daniel (2007-06-16). "Tuning in". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2016-12-12.
  183. ^ Baird, Steve (15 April 2013). "Putt-Putt Has No Miniature Trademark Rights". DuetsBlog.com. Retrieved 2017-04-09.[permanent dead link‍]
  184. ^ a b List of Unilever products Archived 2024-09-10 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 2008-08-26.
  185. ^ "National Association of Realtors' trademark protection video". realtor.org. 12 January 2012. Archived from the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  186. ^ Wright, R. (1999). Marketing: Origins, Concepts, Environment. Business Press. p. 153. ISBN 9781861525260. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  187. ^ "Trademark Applications and Registrations Retrieval". U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. n.d. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
  188. ^ "Southwire Company, one of the world's leading wire and cable manufacturers | We Deliver Power". Archived from the original on 2000-03-03.
  189. ^ "Bostik Philippines Inc". bostik.com.ph. Archived from the original on 2016-04-17. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  190. ^ "PR Newswire UK: Scalextric Celebrates 50 Years of Slot Car Racing Action – LONDON, January 24". prnewswire.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2012-05-15. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  191. ^ Barnhart, Clarence Lewis (1974). The World Book Dictionary. Field Enterprises Educational Corp. p. 1850. ISBN 978-0-7166-0275-0. Scotch tape: 1. a transparent, cellophane, adhesive tape for mending, patching, sealing, etc.
  192. ^ Kane, Siegrun D. (2002). Trademark law: a practitioner's guide. Practising Law Institute. pp. 5–15. ISBN 978-1-4024-0227-2.
  193. ^ "Losing distinctiveness a big deal in trade-mark law ... and in the market". lawyersweekly.ca. Archived from the original on 2012-04-01. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  194. ^ "Boating Industry Canada". boatingindustrycanada.com. Retrieved 2017-04-09.[permanent dead link‍]
  195. ^ "Sellotape looks to television to strengthen diluted brand name". Campaign. 25 April 2003. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2008-08-25.
  196. ^ Dick, Matthew (2004). "Why you must never Sellotape a Xerox into your Filofax". The Journal of Brand Management. 11 (6): 509–513. doi:10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540195. S2CID 167801019.
  197. ^ "A brief history of sticky tape". BBC News. BBC. 7 July 2003. Archived from the original on 2008-10-28. Retrieved 2008-08-25.
  198. ^ Schwarz, C.M. (1994). The Chambers dictionary. London: W & R Chambers Ltd. ISBN 978-0-550-10255-3.
  199. ^ Smith, Jane. "Mark Our Words!" (PDF). USP Magazine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-01-05.
  200. ^ "Harley-Davidson Motorcycle Softail Trademark". Archived from the original on 2017-03-26. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
  201. ^ Darlow, Jamie (2 October 2015). "Are softail mountain bikes making a comeback?". Mountain Bike Rider. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  202. ^ Gillespie, Patrick (2015-03-30). "5 travel spots that just got cheaper for Americans". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
  203. ^ Reynolds, William; Rand, Ritch (2003). "Stetson Hats". The Cowboy Hat Book. Layton, Utah, USA: Gibbs Smith. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-87905-656-8. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
  204. ^ "Stanley knife Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary". dictionary.cambridge.org. Archived from the original on 2005-09-01. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  205. ^ "Closures". fosters.com.au. Archived from the original on April 29, 2010. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  206. ^ Dow Craft Site, "Professional Craft Designers Design Purchase Programs/FAQs", accessed Nov. 24, 2008. http://craft.dow.com/profcr/faq.htm Archived 2005-12-01 at the Wayback Machine
  207. ^ Dow Craft Site, "Responsible Living and Styrofoam Brand Foam", accessed Nov. 24, 2008. http://craft.dow.com/about/environ.htm Archived 2005-05-23 at the Wayback Machine
  208. ^ "Tannoy – About Us". tannoy.com. Archived from the original on 2014-07-03. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  209. ^ "Team – Channel 4 News 4Insider". channel4.com. Archived from the original on 2009-02-14. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  210. ^ "Welcome to the new". Mad.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
  211. ^ "Company Trivia". TASER International, Inc. Archived from the original on 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
  212. ^ O'Connell, Brian (20 June 2009). "Two packets of Tayto and a bottle of TK . . ". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  213. ^ "The BBC Mistakenly Thought This Gundam Was a Transformer". Otaku USA Magazine. 2021-08-06. Archived from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
  214. ^ "People Aren't Happy That the BBC Called Gundam a Transformer at the Olympics". HYPEBEAST. 2021-08-09. Archived from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
  215. ^ "Fans Turn on BBC After Gundam Identified as 'Transformer'". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 2021-08-27. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
  216. ^ "Tipp-ex". 18 May 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-10-09. Retrieved 2020-10-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  217. ^ "Ordbog over det danske sprog". ordnet.dk. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  218. ^ "Danmarks Tivoli Forening members list". danmarks-tivoliforening.dk. Archived from the original on 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  219. ^ pvanke.dk Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine; Tivoli A/S versus Thomas Tivoli
  220. ^ "domstol.dk – "Tivoli Night"". domstol.dk. Archived from the original on 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  221. ^ "Tupperware". Tupperware Brands Corporation. Archived from the original on 2013-06-30. Retrieved 2013-07-05.
  222. ^ "Uber Is a Verb". Fast Company. 9 September 2015. Archived from the original on 10 September 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  223. ^ Freeman, Allyn; Bob Golden (September 1997). Why Didn't I Think of That: Bizarre Origins of Ingenious Inventions We Couldn't Live Without. Wiley. pp. 99–104. ISBN 978-0-471-16511-8. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
  224. ^ "Velcro." The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989.
  225. ^ Marvz (17 June 2013). "Why Do We Call it Betsin/Vetsin?". FoodRecap.com. Retrieved 2015-02-04.
  226. ^ Danit, Lidor (7 June 2002). "Sony Trademark Takes a Walk, Man". Wired. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  227. ^ "Walkman Central FAQ". walkmancentral.com. Archived from the original on 2017-04-29. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  228. ^ "Personal Watercraft Laws". ohiodnr.com. Archived from the original on 2012-06-11. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  229. ^ "Deciding Whether To Hire A Winnebago In England". streetdirectory.com. Archived from the original on 2017-04-10. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
  230. ^ Ginsburg, Jane C.; Litman, Jessica; Kevlin, Mary L. (2001). "Trademark and Unfair Competition Law" (3rd ed.). New York: Foundation Press: 317–318, 322. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  231. ^ Madarang, Catalina (20 September 2019). "Xerox Corp. warns Filipinos: 'Xerox' is a trademarked brand, not a verb". InterAksyon. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
  232. ^ Branch, John (May 23, 2009). "As Economy Stumbles, the Zamboni Glides On". New York Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on April 22, 2023. Retrieved January 22, 2013.
  233. ^ United States Trademark Registration No. 2,376,266
  234. ^ "Examples of generic usage of zeppelin in newspapers worldwide". 11 January 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-04-10. Retrieved 2021-05-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  235. ^ Marketing Crafts and Visual Arts: The Role of Intellectual Property. World Intellectual Property Organization. 2003. p. 80. ISBN 9789291372645.
  236. ^ "Is Zoom On The Verge Of Becoming A Generic Mark?". The National Law Review. Archived from the original on 2020-07-16. Retrieved 2020-07-27.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_generic_and_genericized_trademarks&oldid=1261610621"