List of hoards in Britain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The list of hoards in Britain comprises significant archaeological hoards of coins, jewellery, precious and scrap metal objects and other valuable items discovered in Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and the Isle of Man. It includes both hoards that were buried with the intention of retrieval at a later date (personal hoards, founder's hoards, merchant's hoards, and hoards of loot), and also hoards of votive offerings which were not intended to be recovered at a later date, but excludes grave goods and single items found in isolation. The list is subdivided into sections according to archaeological and historical periods.
Contents |
[edit] Neolithic hoards
The table below lists hoards that are dated to the Neolithic period, approximately 4000 to 2000 BC.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ayton East Field Hoard | 30th to 25th century BC | East Ayton North Yorkshire 54°15′18″N 0°28′26″W / 54.255°N 0.474°W |
1848 | British Museum, London | 3 flint axes 1 flint adze 5 arrowheads 1 polished flint knife 2 flint flakes 1 antler macehead 2 boar-tusk blades[1] |
|
| York Hoard | 30th century BC | York North Yorkshire 53°57′29″N 1°04′48″W / 53.958°N 1.080°W |
1868 | Yorkshire Museum | ~70 flint tools and weapons[2] |
[edit] Bronze Age hoards
The table below list hoards that are associated with the British Bronze Age, approximately 2700 BC to 8th century BC.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Auchnacree Hoard | 23rd to 21st century BC | Auchnacree Angus 56°45′N 2°53′W / 56.75°N 2.88°W |
1921 | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | 2 bronze knives 3 bronze axeheads 1 bronze armlet[3] |
|
| Boughton Malherbe Hoard | 9th century BC | Boughton Malherbe Kent 51°13′N 0°41′E / 51.21°N 0.69°E |
2011 | Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery | 352 bronze objects of types commonly found in northern France, comprising 75 bronze weapon fragments, 136 bronze tools and tool fragments, 42 bronze ornaments, and about 71 bronze ingots, moulds and miscellaneous objects.[4][5] | |
| Burnham-on-Crouch Hoard |  |
Bronze Age | Burnham-on-Crouch Essex 51°37′41″N 0°48′54″E / 51.628°N 0.815°E |
2010 | Colchester and Ipswich Museums | Pottery vessel filled with bronze axes and other metalwork[6] |
| Burton Hoard |  |
13th to mid 12th century BC | Burton, Wrexham Clwyd 53°06′18″N 2°57′54″W / 53.105°N 2.965°W |
2004 | National Museum Cardiff | 2 bronze palstaves 1 bronze chisel 1 gold torc 1 gold twisted-wire bracelet 1 gold necklace pendant 4 gold beads 3 gold rings 1 pottery vessel[7] |
| Collette Hoard[note 1] | 10th to 9th century BC | Berwick upon Tweed Northumberland 55°46′16″N 2°00′25″W / 55.771°N 2.007°W |
2005 | Great North Museum, Newcastle upon Tyne | 6 socketed axes, 6 gold lock rings, and various bracelets, rings and pins[9] | |
| Corbridge Hoard (1835) | Middle Bronze Age | Corbridge Northumberland 54°57′43″N 1°59′46″W / 54.962°N 1.996°W |
1835 | Blackgate Museum Bailiffgate Museum |
fragments of two spearheads pieces of dagger blades a flanged axe[10] |
|
| Crundale Hoard | 8th to 9th century BC | Crundale Kent 51°12′07″N 0°58′26″E / 51.202°N 0.974°E |
2003 | 188 fragments (including axe, chisel, palstave, hammer, gouge, knife, sickle, sword, bracelet, ring, and ingots)[11] | ||
| Hollingbourne Hoard |  |
10th to 9th century BC | Hollingbourne Kent 51°16′01″N 0°38′28″E / 51.267°N 0.641°E |
2003 | Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery | 12 bronze axes and axe fragments 2 bronze sword hilt fragments 6 bronze sword blade fragments 2 bronze spearhead fragments 14 bronze ingots[12] |
| Husband's Bosworth Hoard | Late Bronze Age | Husbands Bosworth Leicestershire 52°27′11″N 1°03′22″W / 52.453°N 1.056°W |
1801 | unknown | 4 looped and socketed celts 2 socketed celts 3 socketed gouges 2 spearheads 1 flat ferrule[13] |
|
| Isleham Hoard | 8th century BC | Isleham Cambridgeshire 52°20′35″N 0°26′28″E / 52.343°N 0.441°E |
1959 | West Stow Anglo-Saxon Village Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge |
6,500 pieces of worked and unworked bronze[14] | |
| Lambourn Hoard |  |
14th to 12th century BC | Lambourn Berkshire 51°30′32″N 1°31′52″W / 51.509°N 1.531°W |
2004 | West Berkshire Museum | 2 gold armlets 3 gold bracelets[15] |
| Langdon Bay Hoard | 13th century BC | In the English Channel at Langdon Bay Kent 51°07′48″N 1°21′04″E / 51.13°N 1.351°E |
1974 | British Museum, London[note 2] | 360 items of scrap metal, including bronze axes of a French type[17] | |
| Langton Matravers Hoard | 7th century BC | Langton Matravers, near Swanage Dorset 50°36′32″N 2°00′22″W / 50.609°N 2.006°W |
2008 | Dorset County Museum, Dorchester | 276 complete socketed bronze axes, 107 halves of socketed bronze axes and 117 fragments of socketed bronze axes in three adjacent pits and one pit further away[18] | |
| Lockington Hoard | 21st to 20th century BC | Lockington Leicestershire 52°50′53″N 1°18′29″W / 52.848°N 1.308°W |
1994 | British Museum, London | Fragments of two Beaker style pots 1 copper alloy dagger 2 embossed gold-sheet armlets[19] |
|
| Manorbier Hoard | 10th to 9th century BC | Manorbier Dyfed 51°39′N 4°48′W / 51.65°N 4.80°W |
2010 | 19 bronze and copper artefacts, including socketed axes, a gouge, a piece of a sword blade, a circular dish-headed pin, ingots and bronze casting bi-products[20] | ||
| Mickleham Hoard | 10th to 11th century BC | Mickleham Surrey 51°16′05″N 0°19′16″W / 51.268°N 0.321°W |
2003 | 2 socketed axes 1 chape[21] |
||
| Migdale Hoard | 23rd to 20th century BC | Bonar Bridge Sutherland 57°54′14″N 4°19′37″W / 57.904°N 4.327°W |
1990 | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | 1 bronze axe head sets of bronze bangles and anklets a set of jet and cannel coal buttons bronze hair ornaments fragments of a bronze headdress[22] |
|
| Milton Keynes Hoard |  |
mid 12th to late 9th century BC | Monkston, Milton Keynes Buckinghamshire 52°02′10″N 0°42′00″W / 52.036°N 0.700°W |
2000 | British Museum, London | 2 gold torcs 3 gold bracelets 1 bronze fragment 1 pottery vessel[23] |
| Moor Sand Hoard | 13th century BC | Off Prawle Point, near Salcombe Devon 50°12′00″N 3°43′30″W / 50.200°N 3.725°W |
1977 | British Museum, London | six bronze swords or sword fragments and two bronze palstaves[17] | |
| New Bradwell (or Wolverton) Hoard | mid 12th to late 9th century BC | New Bradwell, Milton Keynes Buckinghamshire 52°03′54″N 0°47′53″W / 52.065°N 0.798°W |
1879 | Buckinghamshire County Museum | 9 socketed axes 3 broken axes 1 palstave 2 spearheads a leaf-shaped sword (broken into 4 pieces)[24] |
|
| Parc-y-Meirch Hoard | 9th century BC | Dinorben hillfort, near Abergele Conwy 53°16′05″N 3°32′56″W / 53.268°N 3.549°W |
pre-1868 | National Museum Cardiff | over 100 items items of bronze horse harness fittings[25] | |
| Rossett Hoard |  |
10th to 9th century BC | Rossett Wrexham 53°06′32″N 2°56′42″W / 53.109°N 2.945°W |
2002 | National Museum Wales | 1 faceted axe 1 tanged knife 4 pieces of gold bracelet stored inside the axe[26] |
| St Erth hoards |  |
8th to 9th century BC | St Erth Cornwall 50°09′58″N 5°26′13″W / 50.166°N 5.437°W |
2002–2003 | Royal Cornwall Museum | 2 gold ornament fragments Bronze/copper hoard 1: 5 sword pieces, 3 socketed axe pieces, 1 socketed gouge piece, 1 knife fragment, 1 plate-like fragment, 16 ingot fragments or amorphous lumps Bronze/copper hoard 2: 1 winged axe, 1 plate-like spill, 15 ingot fragments[27] |
| St Mellons Hoard | Late Bronze Age | St Mellons, Cardiff Glamorgan 51°31′08″N 3°06′50″W / 51.519°N 3.114°W |
1983 | National Museum Cardiff | 25 bronze socketed axes and one casting jet[28] | |
| Stogursey Hoard (1870) | 8th century BC | Wick Farm, Stogursey Somerset 51°11′20″N 3°06′40″W / 51.189°N 3.111°W |
1870 | Museum of Somerset | 20 sword fragments 29 socketed axes 37 socketed axe fragments 2 palstaves 2 gouges 2 knives or daggers 1 chape 20 spearheads 34 other bronze fragments[29] |
|
| Towednack Hoard | 10th century BC | Towednack Cornwall 50°11′28″N 5°31′12″W / 50.191°N 5.520°W |
1931 | British Museum, London | 2 twisted gold neckrings 4 gold bracelets 3 lengths of gold rod[30] |
[edit] Iron Age hoards
The table below list hoards that are associated with the British Iron Age, approximately 8th century BC to the 1st century AD.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alton hoards |  |
mid 1st century AD | Alton Hampshire 51°08′56″N 0°58′37″W / 51.149°N 0.977°W |
1996 | British Museum, London | 50 gold staters of Commios, Tincomarus and Epillus (A hoard) 206 gold staters of Tincomarus and Verica (B hoard) 1 Roman gold ring 1 Roman gold bracelet[31] |
| Aylesbury Hoard | mid 1st century BC | near Aylesbury Buckinghamshire 51°48′58″N 0°49′01″W / 51.816°N 0.817°W |
1998–1999 | Buckinghamshire County Museum | 40 gold staters[32] | |
| Beaminster Hoard | early 1st century | Beaminster Dorset 50°48′32″N 2°44′24″W / 50.809°N 2.740°W |
2003 | Dorset County Museum | 160 silver staters[33] | |
| Beverley Hoard (1999) |  |
mid 1st century BC | Beverley East Yorkshire 53°50′42″N 0°25′37″W / 53.845°N 0.427°W |
1999–2007 | Hull Museums Collections British Museum, London |
110 gold staters[34][35] |
| Climping Hoard | mid 1st century BC | Climping West Sussex 50°48′47″N 0°34′41″W / 50.813°N 0.578°W |
2000 | British Museum (8) | 18 gold staters[note 3][37] | |
| Farmborough Hoard |  |
early 1st century | Farmborough Somerset 51°20′35″N 2°29′02″W / 51.343°N 2.484°W |
1984 | British Museum, London | 61 gold staters[38] |
| Great Leighs Hoard | mid 1st century BC | Great Leighs Essex 51°49′37″N 0°30′22″E / 51.827°N 0.506°E |
1998–1999 | Chelmsford Museums | 40 gold staters[39] | |
| Hallaton Treasure | 1st century AD | Hallaton Leicestershire 52°33′00″N 0°50′00″W / 52.550°N 0.8333°W |
2000 | Harborough Museum | 5,000 silver and gold coins a silver gilt Roman parade helmet jewellery[40] |
|
| Honingham Hoard | mid 1st century AD | Honingham Norfolk 52°39′47″N 1°06′29″E / 52.663°N 1.108°E |
1954 | Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery | 341 Iceni silver coins[41] | |
| Ipswich Hoard (1968-1969) |  |
1st century BC | Ipswich Suffolk 52°03′32″N 1°09′22″E / 52.059°N 1.156°E |
1968–1969 | British Museum | 6 torcs |
| Kimbolton Hoard | mid 1st century BC | Kimbolton Cambridgeshire 52°18′29″N 0°24′25″W / 52.308°N 0.407°W |
2010 | 67 gold staters and one gold quarter-stater[42] | ||
| Little Horwood Hoard | 1st century BC | Little Horwood, Aylesbury Vale Buckinghamshire 51°58′05″N 0°51′00″W / 51.968°N 0.850°W |
2006–2007 | Buckinghamshire County Museum | 75 staters found over an 11 month period which are said to be part of the Whaddon Chase Hoard[43][44][45] | |
| Llyn Cerrig Bach Hoard | 4th century BC to 1st century AD | Llyn Cerrig Bach, near Valley Anglesey 53°15′32″N 4°32′24″W / 53.259°N 4.540°W |
1942 | National Museum Cardiff | Votive objects deposited over a period of several hundred years, comprising over 150 items of bronze and iron, including 7 swords, 6 spearheads, fragments of a shield, part of a bronze trumpet, 2 gang chains, fragments of iron wagon tyres and horse gear, blacksmith's tools, fragments of two cauldrons, and iron bars[46] | |
| Llyn Fawr Hoard | 8th to 7th century BC | Llyn Fawr Lake, Rhigos Mid Glamorgan 51°43′12″N 3°34′05″W / 51.720°N 3.568°W |
1909–1913 | National Museum Cardiff | Bronze cauldron, a number of chisels, sickles and socketed axes, a sword, a spearhead, a razor, and horse harness equipment[47] | |
| North Foreland Hoard | early 1st century BC | North Foreland Kent 51°22′30″N 1°26′42″E / 51.375°N 1.445°E |
1999 | Quex Park Museum, Birchington-on-Sea | 63 potin (a bronze alloy with high tin content) coins[48] | |
| Salisbury Hoard | 3rd century BC[note 4] | Netherhampton, near Salisbury Wiltshire 51°04′26″N 1°47′38″W / 51.074°N 1.794°W |
1988 | British Museum, London | over 600 objects, mostly miniature bronze versions of shields, tools, daggers and spearheads[49] | |
| Scole Hoard | mid 1st century BC | Scole Norfolk 52°21′50″N 1°09′22″E / 52.364°N 1.156°E |
1982–1983 | 202 Iceni silver coins and 87 Roman coins[50] | ||
| Silsden Hoard | mid 1st century AD | Silsden West Yorkshire 53°54′50″N 1°56′13″W / 53.914°N 1.937°W |
1998 | Cliffe Castle Museum, Keighley | 27 gold coins and a finger ring[51] | |
| Snettisham Hoard |  |
mid 1st century BC | Ken Hill, near Snettisham Norfolk 52°53′06″N 0°29′20″E / 52.885°N 0.489°E |
1948–1973 | British Museum, London Norwich Castle Museum |
over 150 gold torc fragments (over 70 of which form complete torcs), and various objects made of metal and jet[52] |
| Stirling Hoard |  |
3rd to 1st century BC | Near Blair Drummond Stirlingshire 56°10′01″N 4°02′38″W / 56.167°N 4.044°W |
2009 | National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | 4 gold torcs[53] |
| Syngenta Hoard[note 5] | mid 1st century BC | Jealott's Hill, near Bracknell Berkshire 51°27′22″N 0°44′53″W / 51.456°N 0.748°W |
1998 | Reading Museum | 58 gold coins[54] | |
| Tal-y-Llyn Hoard | 1st century AD | near Tal-y-llyn Lake, Cadair Idris Gwynedd 52°40′19″N 3°53′49″W / 52.672°N 3.897°W |
1963 | National Museum Cardiff | 1 brass plaque, fragments from two brass shields, several decorated brass plates (possibly from a ceremonial cart), and part of a Roman lock[55] | |
| Whaddon Chase Hoard | 1st century BC | near Whaddon, Aylesbury Vale Buckinghamshire 52°00′00″N 0°49′41″W / 52.000°N 0.828°W |
1849 | between 450[56] and 800[57] and 2,000 gold staters[43] — see also Little Horwood Hoard | ||
| Wickham Market Hoard (2008) |  |
late 1st century BC to early 1st century AD | Wickham Market Suffolk 52°09′00″N 1°22′01″E / 52.150°N 1.367°E |
2008 | Ipswich Museum | 840 gold staters[58][59] |
| Winchester Hoard |  |
1st century BC | near Winchester Hampshire 51°03′47″N 1°18′29″W / 51.063°N 1.308°W |
2000 | British Museum | 4 gold brooches 1 gold chain 1 gold bracelet (complete) 2 gold bracelet halves 2 gold torcs[60] |
[edit] Romano-British hoards
The table below list hoards that are associated with the period of Romano-British culture when Britain was under the control of the Roman Empire, from AD 43 until about 410, as well as the subsequent Sub-Roman period up to the establishment of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. Most Roman hoards are comprised mostly or entirely of coins, and are relatively common in Britain, with over 1,200 known examples.[61]
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agden Hoard | late 3rd century | Woolstencroft Farm, Agden Cheshire 53°22′52″N 2°25′12″W / 53.381°N 2.420°W |
1957 | Grosvenor Museum, Chester | ~2,500 antoniniani and the lower half of jar[62] | |
| Aldbury Hoard | late 3rd century | near Aldbury Hertfordshire 51°48′29″N 0°35′38″W / 51.808°N 0.594°W |
1870 | 116 brass coins fragments of brass plate half a brass ring silver wire ring 2 brooches[63] |
||
| Alton Barnes Hoard | late 3rd century | Alton Barnes Wiltshire 51°21′32″N 1°50′46″W / 51.359°N 1.846°W |
2005 | Wiltshire Heritage Museum, Devizes | 3,854 silver and bronze Roman coins[64] | |
| Backworth Hoard | late 2nd century | Backworth Tyne and Wear 55°02′13″N 1°31′26″W / 55.037°N 1.524°W |
1811 | British Museum | silver skillet covered by silver mirror 5 gold rings 1 silver serpent ring 2 gold chains with wheel and crescent pendants 2 silver-gilt brooches 1 gold bracelet 3 silver spoons 280 denarii 2 brass coins 1 silver dish[65] |
|
| Baldock Hoard |  |
3rd to 4th century | near Baldock Hertfordshire 51°59′24″N 0°11′20″W / 51.990°N 0.189°W |
2002 | British Museum, London | 26 gold and silver objects including gold jewellery, 7 gold votive plaques, 12 silver votive plaques, two silver model arms, and a silver figurine[66] |
| Barkway Hoard |  |
early 3rd century | near Barkway Hertfordshire 52°00′14″N 0°00′04″E / 52.004°N 0.001°E |
1743 | British Museum, London | 5 silver and bronze objects, including one silver-gilt votive plaque dedicated to Mars, and two silver votive plaques dedicated to Vulcan[67] |
| Beckfoot Hoard | unknown | Beckfoot, near Silloth Cumbria 54°49′12″N 3°24′36″W / 54.820°N 3.410°W |
2010 | 308 Roman coins in a pot[68] | ||
| Beech Bottom Dyke Hoard | early 2nd century | Beech Bottom Dyke, St Albans Hertfordshire 51°46′08″N 0°19′34″W / 51.769°N 0.326°W |
1932 | dispersed | ~100 silver denarii[69] | |
| Bishopswood Hoard | mid 4th century | Bishopswood, near Walford, Ross-on-Wye Herefordshire 51°52′12″N 2°35′06″W / 51.870°N 2.585°W |
1895 | Hereford Museum and Art Gallery | 17,548 coins[70] | |
| Boothstown Hoard | late 3rd century | Boothstown Greater Manchester 53°30′07″N 2°25′12″W / 53.502°N 2.420°W |
1947 | British Museum, London Manchester Museum |
550 bronze coins dated between 259 and 278 AD found in two pottery urns[71] | |
| Braithwell Hoard | late 3rd century | Braithwell South Yorkshire 53°26′38″N 1°12′11″W / 53.444°N 1.203°W |
2002 | British Museum (4) Doncaster Museum (1) |
1,331 base silver radiates 1 base metal denarius 13 sherds of greyware jar[72][73] |
|
| Breamore hoards | late 3rd century | Breamore Hampshire 50°58′N 1°46′W / 50.96°N 1.77°W |
1998 (B) | returned to finder (B) | Hoard A: 1,782 base silver radiates Hoard B:398 base silver radiates and pot[74] |
|
| Bredon Hill Hoard |  |
mid 4th century | Bredon Hill Worcestershire 52°03′36″N 2°03′47″W / 52.060°N 2.063°W |
2011 | 3,784 debased silver coins in a clay pot[75] | |
| Capheaton Treasure |  |
2nd or 3rd century | Capheaton Northumberland 55°07′26″N 1°56′49″W / 55.124°N 1.947°W |
1747 | British Museum, London | 5 silver vessel handles, and 1 fragment of a silver trulla base[76] |
| Chaddesley Corbett Hoard | early 4th century | Chaddesley Corbett Worcestershire 52°21′36″N 2°09′32″W / 52.360°N 2.159°W |
1999 and 2003 | Worcs County Museum, Hartlebury Castle | 434 base silver nummi 38 sherds of pottery[77][78] |
|
| Chalgrove hoards |  |
late 3rd century | Chalgrove Oxfordshire 51°39′50″N 1°04′59″W / 51.664°N 1.083°W |
1989 (I) 2003 (II) |
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (2003) | I: 4,145 coins ([79] II: 4,957 base silver coins[80] |
| Chells Manor Hoard | late 3rd century | Chells Manor Estate, Stevenage Hertfordshire 51°55′05″N 0°09′36″W / 51.918°N 0.160°W |
1986 | 2,579 coins[81] | ||
| Chorleywood Hoard | mid 4th century | Chorleywood Hertfordshire 51°38′42″N 0°31′05″W / 51.645°N 0.518°W |
1977 | British Museum (244) Verulamium Museum, St Albans (446) |
4,358 coins[82] | |
| Clapton Hoard | late 3rd century | Clapton in Gordano | 1922-1924 | Museum of Somerset (59) and Nicholson Museum, Australia (over 3400) | 3500 Roman bronze coins, (mainly Gallienus to Claudius II)[83] | |
| Corbridge Hoard (1964) | mid 2nd century | Corbridge Northumberland 54°58′41″N 2°01′59″W / 54.978°N 2.033°W |
1964 | Corbridge Roman Site Museum Great North Museum, Newcastle upon Tyne |
various finished and unfinished iron products, including pieces of armour, a sword scabbard, javelinheads, spearheads, arrowheads, artillery bolts, and various knives, nails, spikes and cramps[84] | |
| Corbridge Treasure |  |
4th century | Corbridge Northumberland 54°58′16″N 2°00′58″W / 54.971°N 2.016°W |
1731–1760 | British Museum, London | 5 pieces of silverware, including a lanx[85] (serving platter), a bowl and a vase[86][87] |
| Cunetio Hoard | late 3rd century | Cunetio Roman town, Mildenhall Wiltshire 51°25′23″N 1°41′24″W / 51.423°N 1.690°W |
1978 | 54,951 coins[88] | ||
| Curridge Hoard | early 3rd century | Curridge Berkshire 51°26′38″N 1°17′31″W / 51.444°N 1.292°W |
1998–1999 | West Berkshire Heritage | 425 bronze sestertius or dupondii/asses[89] | |
| Didcot Hoard | late 2nd century | Didcot Oxfordshire 51°36′22″N 1°14′24″W / 51.606°N 1.240°W |
1995 | British Museum, London | 126 gold coins[61] | |
| Edge Hill Hoard (also known as the South Warwickshire Roman Hoard) | mid 1st century | Edge Hill Warwickshire 52°07′12″N 1°28′30″W / 52.120°N 1.475°W |
2008 | Warwickshire Museum, Market Hall, Warwick | 1,146 silver denarii in a small pot, coins dating between 190 BC and AD 63–64[90] | |
| Ethy Hoard | late 3rd century | Ethy, near Lerryn Cornwall 50°23′06″N 4°37′37″W / 50.385°N 4.627°W |
2000 | Royal Cornwall Museum | 1,095 base silver radiates coarseware jar[91] |
|
| Eye Hoard | late 4th century | Near Eye, Suffolk Suffolk 52°17′56″N 1°08′24″E / 52.299°N 1.140°E |
1781 | Largest number (600) of Roman gold coins[92] | ||
| Frampton Hoard | late 3rd century | Frampton Dorset 50°45′14″N 2°31′55″W / 50.754°N 2.532°W |
1998 | returned to finder | 511 base silver radiates and pot[93] | |
| Frome Hoard |  |
early 4th century | Near Frome Somerset 51°13′41″N 2°16′48″W / 51.228°N 2.280°W |
2010 | British Museum, London | 52,503 coins (5 silver, the rest debased silver and bronze)[94] |
| Grassmoor Hoard | 4th century | Grassmoor Derbyshire 53°12′04″N 1°23′49″W / 53.201°N 1.397°W |
2001 | Chesterfield Museum and British Museum | 1,421 silver coins[95] | |
| Hickleton Hoard | late 2nd century | Hickleton South Yorkshire 53°31′59″N 1°16′59″W / 53.533°N 1.283°W |
2001 | Doncaster Museum | 350 silver coins 36 copper-alloy coins[96] |
|
| High Green Hoard | late 3rd century | High Green South Yorkshire 53°28′23″N 1°29′38″W / 53.473°N 1.494°W |
2001 | 738 base silver radiates[97] | ||
| Hockwold Hoard (1962) |  |
late 1st century | Hockwold cum Wilton Norfolk 52°27′54″N 0°32′31″E / 52.465°N 0.542°E |
1962 | British Museum, London | 4 silver cups 4 silver handles 1 silver pedestal[98] |
| Hockwold Hoard (1999) | mid 4th century | Hockwold cum Wilton Norfolk 52°27′54″N 0°32′31″E / 52.465°N 0.542°E |
1999 | British Museum | 816 copper alloy coins[99][100] | |
| Howe Hoard | late 1st century | Howe Norfolk 52°33′04″N 1°21′22″E / 52.551°N 1.356°E |
1981–2002 | British Museum | 15 gold aurei 131 silver denarii[101] |
|
| Hoxne Hoard |  |
early 5th century | Hoxne Suffolk 52°19′48″N 1°10′59″E / 52.330°N 1.183°E |
1992 | British Museum, London | 14,865 coins (569 gold, 14,272 silver, 24 bronze) 29 items of gold jewellery 98 silver spoons and ladles 1 silver tigress 4 silver bowls 1 small dish 1 silver beaker 1 silver vase or juglet 4 pepper pots[102] |
| Hyderabad and Meeanee Barracks Hoard | late 3rd century | Hyderabad and Meeanee Barracks, Colchester Essex 51°52′59″N 0°54′14″E / 51.883°N 0.904°E |
2011 | Colchester Museum (to be donated to) | two pots, one empty and one containing 1,247 coins[103] | |
| Itteringham Hoard | late 2nd century | Itteringham Norfolk 52°49′52″N 1°10′59″E / 52.831°N 1.183°E |
2000 | British Museum | 3 silver finger rings 2 copper-alloy cosmetic sets 1 bronze key 62 silver denarii 42 copper-alloy coins pot fragments[104] |
|
| Kingston Deverill Hoard |  |
late 1st century | Kingston Deverill Wiltshire 51°07′59″N 2°13′12″W / 51.133°N 2.220°W |
2005 | Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum | 3 bronze trullei or patera (shallow handled bowls) 2 bronze wine strainers[105] |
| Kirton in Lindsey hoards | late 3rd century | Kirton in Lindsey Lincolnshire 53°28′34″N 0°35′20″W / 53.476°N 0.589°W |
1999 (1) 2001, 2004 (2) |
6 coins at British Museum | Hoard 1: 875 base silver radiates[106] Hoard 2: 111 base silver radiates (2001);[107] 85 base silver radiates (2004)[108] |
|
| Langley with Hardley Hoard | late 3rd century | Langley with Hardley Norfolk 52°33′43″N 1°29′06″E / 52.562°N 1.485°E |
1997, 1999, 2001, 2004 | returned to finder | 2,044 base silver radiates[109][110][111][112] | |
| Langtoft hoards | early 4th century | Langtoft East Yorkshire 54°05′13″N 0°27′25″W / 54.087°N 0.457°W |
2000 | Yorkshire Museum British Museum |
Hoard A: 976 base silver coins and 21 sherds of a jar Hoard B: 924 base silver nummi and 9 sherds of a pot[113] |
|
| Lightwood Hoard | late 3rd century | Lightwood Road, Longton, Stoke-on-Trent Staffordshire 52°59′17″N 2°07′59″W / 52.988°N 2.133°W |
1960 | Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke-on-Trent | 2,461 coins and two silver bracelets in an earthenware pot[114] | |
| Little Brickhill hoards (1962–1964) | 4th century | Little Brickhill, Milton Keynes (borough) Buckinghamshire 51°59′46″N 0°42′36″W / 51.996°N 0.710°W |
1962–1964 | Bletchley Archaeological Society | 1962 251 loose coins ~400 corroded mass of coins 1964 4th c. pottery and sherds 13th century jug (part) 11th–12th c. sherds 2nd c. Samian ware fragments glass and jet beads 43 coins[115] |
|
| Little Brickhill hoards (1967 & 1987) | late 2nd century | Little Brickhill, Milton Keynes (borough) Buckinghamshire 51°59′31″N 0°42′00″W / 51.992°N 0.700°W |
1967 1987 |
British Museum Buckinghamshire County Museum |
1967 296 silver denarii hearth tools pottery bronze brooch and terret ring 3rd to 4th c. sherds 1987 627 silver denarii[116] |
|
| Little Orme Hoard (1981) | late 3rd or early 4th century | Little Orme, near Llandudno Conwy 53°19′26″N 3°46′41″W / 53.324°N 3.778°W |
1981 | National Museum Cardiff | 5 ox-head bucket-mounts 1 razor handle 1 knife or chisel handle 2 brooches 1 harness ring 68 coins[117] |
|
| Llanvaches Hoard |  |
mid 2nd century | Llanvaches Monmouthshire 51°37′01″N 2°49′01″W / 51.617°N 2.817°W |
2006 | National Roman Legion Museum, Caerleon | 599 silver denarii[118] |
| M1 Motorway Hoard | late 3rd century | M1 motorway Leicestershire (see note) |
1980 (see note) | 207 silver denarii 228 base-silver radiates 2 grey ware pottery fragments[note 6][119] |
||
| Maundown Hoard | late 3rd century | Maundown, near Wiveliscombe Somerset 51°03′14″N 3°20′10″W / 51.054°N 3.336°W |
2006 | Museum of Somerset, Taunton | 2,118 bronze coins[120] | |
| Mildenhall Treasure |  |
mid 4th century | Mildenhall Suffolk 52°22′01″N 0°26′02″E / 52.367°N 0.434°E |
1942 | British Museum, London | 34 items of silver tableware[121] |
| Monknash Hoard | mid 2nd century | Monknash South Glamorgan 51°25′30″N 3°33′07″W / 51.425°N 3.552°W |
2000 | National Museum Wales | 103 silver denarii grey ware pot[122] |
|
| Nether Compton Hoard | mid 4th century | Nether Compton Dorset 50°57′14″N 2°34′26″W / 50.954°N 2.574°W |
1989 | 22,670 coins[123] | ||
| Newport Pagnell Hoard | mid 4th century | near Newport Pagnell Buckinghamshire 52°05′13″N 0°43′19″W / 52.087°N 0.722°W |
2006 | over 1,400 bronze coins pottery[124] |
||
| Osgodby Hoard | 2nd century | Osgodby Lincolnshire 53°25′01″N 0°22′59″W / 53.417°N 0.383°W |
1999 | British Museum | 44 silver denarii finger ring bronze brooch coarseware pottery vessel[125] |
|
| Patching Hoard | mid 5th century | Patching West Sussex 50°50′49″N 0°27′25″W / 50.847°N 0.457°W |
1997 | Worthing Museum and Art Gallery | 13 Roman and 10 Visigothic gold solidi 21 Roman, 3 Visigothic, and 3 unidentified silver coins 2 gold rings 54 pieces of scrap silver, including a scabbard fitting[126] |
|
| Prestwood hoards | early 3rd to early 4th century | Prestwood Buckinghamshire 51°41′35″N 0°43′55″W / 51.693°N 0.732°W |
1999 and 2005 | Buckinghamshire County Museum | Hoard A: 112 silver denarii and 1 radiate Hoard B: 735 base silver nummi and pot fragment[127][128] |
|
| Rhayader Treasure | 2nd to 3rd century | Rhayader Powys 52°17′N 3°30′W / 52.29°N 3.50°W |
1899 | 1 gold ring with onyx stone; 11 pieces of gold necklet with 8 stones, 1 piece of scroll and a small embossed section; 4 pieces of gold armlet[129] | ||
| Ribchester Hoard |  |
late 1st to early 2nd century | Ribchester Lancashire 53°49′N 2°32′W / 53.81°N 2.53°W |
1796 | British Museum, London | Bronze cavalry helmet, a number of patera, pieces of a vase, a bust of Minerva, fragments of two basins, and several plates.[130] |
| Rogiet Hoard | late 3rd century | Rogiet Monmouthshire 51°35′N 2°47′W / 51.58°N 2.79°W |
1998 | National Museum of Wales, Cardiff | 3,778 silver coins[131] | |
| Shapwick hoards (1936–1938) | early 4th to mid 5th century | Shapwick Somerset 51°08′N 2°50′W / 51.14°N 2.83°W |
1936–1938 | Museum of Somerset, Taunton British Museum |
pewter cup, saucer, platter, jug, canister, bowl with pedestal pottery beaker 245 silver siliquae 1,170 bronze coins bronze cased wooden stave tankard bronze bowl[132] |
|
| Shapwick Hoard (1978) | 4th century | Shapwick Somerset 51°08′N 2°50′W / 51.14°N 2.83°W |
1978 | over 1,000 copper coins pewter vessel[133] |
||
| Shapwick Hoard (1998) | mid 3rd century | Shapwick Somerset 51°08′N 2°50′W / 51.14°N 2.83°W |
1998 | Somerset County Museum, Taunton | 9,262 coins[134][135] | |
| Shillington Hoard | late 1st century | Shillington Bedfordshire 51°58′12″N 0°21′47″W / 51.970°N 0.363°W |
1998–1999 | Luton Museum | Hoard A: 127 gold aurei Hoard B: 18 silver denarii[136] |
|
| Shiptonthorpe Hoard | early 4th century | Shiptonthorpe East Yorkshire 53°52′44″N 0°42′18″W / 53.879°N 0.705°W |
2000 | Hull and East Riding Museum | 503 base silver coins pot fragments[137] |
|
| Shoreham Hoard | late 3rd century | Shoreham-by-Sea West Sussex 50°49′59″N 0°16′05″W / 50.833°N 0.268°W |
1999 | 4,105 base silver denarii and radiates pottery vessel[106] |
||
| Shrewsbury Hoard | .jpg) |
mid 4th century | near Shrewsbury Shropshire 52°43′N 2°45′W / 52.71°N 2.75°W |
2009 | 9,315 bronze coins[138] | |
| Silchester Hoard (1893) | late 2nd century | Silchester Hampshire 51°21′N 1°05′W / 51.35°N 1.09°W |
1893 | British Museum, London | 253 silver coins[139] | |
| Silchester Hoard (1985–1987) | early 5th century | Silchester Hampshire 51°21′N 1°05′W / 51.35°N 1.09°W |
1985–1987 | Reading Museum | about 39 silver and bronze coins 3 gold rings[140] |
|
| Snettisham Jeweller's Hoard |  |
mid 2nd century | Snettisham Norfolk 52°52′34″N 0°29′49″E / 52.876°N 0.497°E |
1985 | British Museum, London | 83 silver coins, 27 bronze coins, and quantities of gems, jewellery and scrap metal[141] |
| Snodland Hoard |  |
mid 4th century | Snodland Kent 51°19′41″N 0°26′49″E / 51.328°N 0.447°E |
2006 | more than 3,600 bronze coins[142] | |
| Stanchester Hoard | early 5th century | Wilcot, Vale of Pewsey Wiltshire 51°21′N 1°47′W / 51.35°N 1.79°W |
2000 | Wiltshire Heritage Museum, Devizes | 1,166 coins (3 gold, 1,162 silver, 1 bronze)[143] | |
| Stogursey Hoard (1999) | late 3rd century | Stogursey Somerset 51°11′N 3°08′W / 51.18°N 3.14°W |
1999 and 2002 | 3 coins at British Museum some others at Somerset |
1,097 base silver radiates pottery vessel remains[109][note 7] 50 copper alloy coins[145] |
|
| Stony Stratford Hoard | 3rd century | Stony Stratford, Milton Keynes Buckinghamshire 52°03′22″N 0°51′54″W / 52.056°N 0.865°W |
1789 | British Museum | 2 chain headresses, 3 fibulae, various fragments of silver plaques with figures of, or inscriptions to, Roman gods, in an urn[146] | |
| Sully Hoard (1899) | late 3rd century | Sully, Vale of Glamorgan South Glamorgan 51°25′N 3°13′W / 51.41°N 3.21°W |
1899 | British Museum, London | 322 coins (7 gold, some silver, and rest bronze) 4 gold rings[147] |
|
| Sully Hoard (2008) | mid 4th century | Sully, Vale of Glamorgan South Glamorgan 51°25′N 3°13′W / 51.41°N 3.21°W |
2008 | National Museum Wales | 2,366 bronze coins in one pot 3,547 bronze coins in another pot[148] |
|
| Thetford Hoard |  |
mid 4th century | near Thetford Norfolk 52°25′N 0°44′E / 52.41°N 0.74°E |
1979 | British Museum, London | 33 silver spoons 22 gold finger rings 4 pendants several necklaces a gold buckle[149] |
| Thornbury Hoard |  |
mid 4th century | Thornbury Gloucestershire 51°36′32″N 2°31′12″W / 51.609°N 2.520°W |
2004 | Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery Thornbury Museum |
11,460 coins[150] |
| Tinwell Hoard | late 3rd century | Tinwell Rutland 52°39′43″N 0°31′59″W / 52.662°N 0.533°W |
1999 | Rutland County Museum | 2,831 base-silver coins[151] | |
| Traprain Treasure | early 5th century | Traprain Law, near Haddington East Lothian 55°57′36″N 2°40′26″W / 55.960°N 2.674°W |
1919 | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | 53 pounds of sliced up silver tableware some Christian items a Roman officer's uniform 4 coins[152] |
|
| Upchurch Hoard |  |
early 4th century | Upchurch Kent 51°23′06″N 0°39′47″E / 51.385°N 0.663°E |
1950 | private collection | 37 bronze coins[153] |
| Walton (Milton Keynes) Hoard | early 4th century | Walton, Milton Keynes Buckinghamshire 52°01′12″N 0°42′43″W / 52.020°N 0.712°W |
1987 | 97 bronze coins[154] | ||
| Water Newton Treasure |  |
4th century | Water Newton Cambridgeshire 52°33′N 0°20′W / 52.55°N 0.34°W |
1975 | British Museum, London | 27 silver items, including jugs, hanging-bowls, bowls and votive plaques 1 gold votive plaque[155] |
| Welbourn Hoard | mid 4th century | Welbourn Lincolnshire 53°04′N 0°33′W / 53.06°N 0.55°W |
1998 | 8 coins at British Museum | 436 base silver nummi Shelly Ware container[156] |
|
| West Bagborough Hoard | mid 4th century | West Bagborough Somerset 51°05′N 3°11′W / 51.09°N 3.18°W |
2001 | Somerset County Museum, Taunton | 669 Roman coins and 64 pieces of hacksilver[157] | |
| Westhall Hoard | mid 2nd century[note 8] | Westhall Suffolk 52°24′36″N 1°32′46″E / 52.410°N 1.546°E |
British Museum, London Norwich Castle Museum |
9 bronze terrets and some Roman coins in a bronze bowl[158] | ||
| Weston Underwood Hoard | 1st and 2nd century | Weston Underwood, Milton Keynes (borough) Buckinghamshire 52°09′36″N 0°45′18″W / 52.160°N 0.755°W |
1858 | Buckinghamshire County Museum | 166 silver denarii 10 other coins earthenware vessel Samian bowl various sherds and other pottery[159] |
|
| Wickham Market Hoard (1984) | late 3rd century | Wickham Market Suffolk 52°09′29″N 1°21′47″E / 52.158°N 1.363°E |
1984 | pot containing 1,587 coins[160] |
[edit] Anglo-Saxon hoards
The table below lists hoards that are associated with the Anglo-Saxon culture, from the 6th century to 1066.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appledore Hoard | mid 11th century | Appledore Kent 51°01′52″N 0°47′24″E / 51.031°N 0.790°E |
1997–1998 | British Museum | 490 pennies (1997) 12 silver pennies of Edward the Confessor (1998)[161] |
|
| Bamburgh Hoard | mid 9th century | Bamburgh Northumberland 55°36′14″N 1°43′19″W / 55.604°N 1.722°W |
1999 and 2004 | Museum of Antiquities | 384 base metal stycas copper alloy fragments bronze folding balance[162][163] |
|
| Brantham Hoard |  |
10th century | Brantham Suffolk 51°58′08″N 1°03′47″E / 51.969°N 1.063°E |
2003 | Fitzwilliam Museum | 90 silver pennies[164] |
| Canterbury-St Martin's hoard |  |
late 6th or early 7th century | Canterbury Kent 51°16′41″N 1°05′38″E / 51.278°N 1.094°E |
1840s | World Museum Liverpool, Liverpool | 8 items, including 3 gold coins, and two pieces of jewellery[165] |
| Crondall Hoard | mid 7th century | Crondall Hampshire 51°13′48″N 0°51′43″W / 51.230°N 0.862°W |
1828 | Ashmolean Museum, Oxford | 100 small gold coins and 2 cloisonné pins[166] | |
| Harkirke (or Harkirk) Hoard | early 10th century | Sefton Borough Merseyside 53°30′07″N 3°01′12″W / 53.502°N 3.020°W |
1611 | unknown[note 9] | ~300 Viking and Kufic coins[167] | |
| Ipswich Hoard (1863) | 10th century | Ipswich Suffolk 52°03′32″N 1°09′22″E / 52.059°N 1.156°E |
1863 | 150 coins (75 now known)[168] | ||
| Pentney Treasure |  |
early 9th century | Pentney Norfolk 52°41′42″N 0°32′42″E / 52.695°N 0.545°E |
1978 | British Museum, London | 6 silver disc brooches[169] |
| Staffordshire Hoard |  |
7th or 8th century | Hammerwich Staffordshire 52°39′18″N 1°54′25″W / 52.655°N 1.907°W |
2009 | Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke-on-Trent |
more than 1,500 items (about 5 kg (11 lb) of gold and 1.3 kg (2.9 lb) of silver), mostly sword fittings and decorative parts of weaponry, but also two gold crosses and an inscribed gold strip[170] |
| Trewhiddle Hoard |  |
late 9th century | Trewhiddle Cornwall 50°19′44″N 4°48′14″W / 50.329°N 4.804°W |
1774 | British Museum, London | 114 Anglo-Saxon coins, and various items of silverware, including a scourge, a chalice and a Celtic penannular brooch[171] |
| West Yorkshire Hoard | 11th century | Leeds West Yorkshire 53°48′N 1°33′W / 53.8°N 1.55°W |
2008–2009 | 5 items of 7th to 11th century gold jewellery (a cabachon ring, a filigree ring, a niello finger ring, a filigree and granular ring, and a piece of a cloisonné bracelet), an ingot of gold, and a lead spindle whorl.[172] |
[edit] Pictish hoards
The table below lists hoards that are associated with Pictish culture in eastern and northern Scotland, from the end of Roman occupation in the 5th century until about the 10th century.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broch of Burgar Hoard | late 8th century | Broch of Burgar, near Evie Orkney 59°07′52″N 3°08′02″W / 59.131°N 3.134°W |
1840 | unknown | 8 silver vessels several silver combs 5 or 6 silver hair pins 2 or 3 silver brooches several fragments of silver chains a large number of amber beads[173] |
|
| Gaulcross Hoard | 6th or early 7th century | Gaulcross, near Fordyce Aberdeenshire 57°39′47″N 2°46′44″W / 57.663°N 2.779°W |
late 1830s | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | several silver hand pins (only one extant) 1 silver bracelet 1 silver chain several silver brooches (all lost)[174] |
|
| Norrie's Law Hoard |  |
late 7th century | Norrie's Law, Largo Fife 56°15′18″N 2°57′11″W / 56.255°N 2.953°W |
1819 | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | nearly 12.5 kg of silver objects, of which all but 750 g were melted down. The 153 surviving objects include: 2 penannular brooches 2 oval plaques 3 or 4 hand-pins 2 spiral finger-rings 1 small vessel lid fragment of a 4th century Roman spoon knife-handle mounts fragments of arm-bands various rod and chain fragments[175] |
| St Ninian's Isle Treasure |  |
late 8th or early 9th century | St Ninian's Isle Shetland 59°58′16″N 1°20′31″W / 59.971°N 1.342°W |
1958 | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | 8 silver bowls 12 silver penannular brooches 2 silver chapes (part of scabbard that protects the point) 1 silver communion spoon 1 silver knife 1 silver pommel 3 silver cones[176] |
[edit] Viking hoards
The table below lists hoards that are associated with the Viking culture in Britain.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ainsbrook Hoard[note 10] | late 10th century | Thirsk North Yorkshire 54°13′59″N 1°20′35″W / 54.233°N 1.343°W |
2003 | British Museum | ~130 objects of gold, silver (including 10 Anglo-Saxon coins), copper alloy, lead, iron, and stone[177][178] | |
| Ballaquayle Hoard |  |
late 10th century | Ballaquayle, Douglas Isle of Man 54°08′53″N 4°28′30″W / 54.148°N 4.475°W |
1894 | Manx Museum, Douglas British Museum, London |
1 silver neck ring 1 gold arm ring 13 silver armlets 1 silver finger ring 2 silver thistle-headed brooch pins 78 Anglo-Saxon silver coins[179] |
| Bossall-Flaxton Hoard | early 10th century | between Bossall and Flaxton North Yorkshire 54°03′00″N 0°56′42″W / 54.050°N 0.945°W |
1807 | coins, bullion, arm-ring in a leaden box[180] | ||
| Bryn Maelgwyn Hoard | early 11th century | near Deganwy Castle, Llandudno Conwy 53°18′18″N 3°48′54″W / 53.305°N 3.815°W |
1979 | National Museum Cardiff | 204 silver pennies of Cnut the Great[181] | |
| Cuerdale Hoard |  |
early 10th century | Cuerdale, near Preston Lancashire 53°45′18″N 2°38′24″W / 53.755°N 2.640°W |
1840 | British Museum, London | 8,600 items including silver coins and bullion[182] |
| Furness Hoard | 10th century | Furness Cumbria 54°12′N 3°09′W / 54.20°N 3.15°W |
2011 | Dock Museum, Barrow-in-Furness | 92 silver coins, including two Arabic dirhams, several silver ingots, and one silver bracelet.[183] | |
| Glenfaba Hoard | early 11th century | Glenfaba Isle of Man 54°12′47″N 4°39′36″W / 54.213°N 4.660°W |
2003 | Manx Museum, Douglas | 464 coins, 25 ingots and a broken armlet[184] | |
| Goldsborough Hoard | early 10th century | Goldsborough North Yorkshire 54°00′00″N 1°24′54″W / 54.000°N 1.415°W |
1859 | British Museum, London | Fragments of Viking brooches and arm-rings, together with thirty-nine coins[185] | |
| Huxley Hoard | late 9th to 10th century | Huxley, Cheshire Cheshire 53°08′49″N 2°43′59″W / 53.147°N 2.733°W |
2004 | National Museums Liverpool | 22 silver pieces (including 20 flattened bracelets)[186] | |
| Penrith Hoard |  |
early 10th century | Newbiggin Moor, near Penrith Cumbria 54°39′00″N 2°34′41″W / 54.650°N 2.578°W |
1785–1989 | British Museum, London | a number of silver penannular brooches[187] |
| Silverdale Hoard |  |
early 10th century | Silverdale Lancashire 54°10′N 2°50′W / 54.17°N 2.83°W |
2011 | 201 silver objects inside a box made from a sheet of lead; comprising 27 coins (Anglo-Saxon, Anglo-Viking, Frankish and Islamic), 10 arm rings, 2 finger rings, 14 ingots, 6 brooch fragments, 1 wire braid, and 141 pieces of hacksilver.[188] | |
| Skaill Hoard | mid 10th century | Bay of Skaill Orkney 59°03′00″N 3°20′13″W / 59.050°N 3.337°W |
1858 | Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh | over 100 items, including bracelets, brooches, hacksilver, and ingots[189] | |
| Vale of York Hoard (Harrogate Hoard) |
 |
early 10th century | near Harrogate North Yorkshire 53°59′N 1°32′W / 53.99°N 1.54°W |
2007 | British Museum, London Yorkshire Museum, York |
more than 617 silver coins, and 65 other items, including silver and gold armrings, neckrings and brooch fragments, as well as hacksilver, all placed inside a 9th century gilt-silver vessel[190] |
| Warton Hoard | early 10th century | Warton, near Carnforth Lancashire 54°08′49″N 2°45′58″W / 54.147°N 2.766°W |
1997 | Lancaster City Museum | 3 silver dirhems of the Samanid dynasty 6 pieces of cut silver weighing 116.49 g (4.109 oz)[191] |
[edit] Later Medieval hoards
The table below lists hoards that date to the later medieval period, from 1066 to about 1500.
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abergavenny Hoard |  |
late 11th century | Abergavenny Monmouthshire 51°49′26″N 3°01′01″W / 51.824°N 3.017°W |
2002 | National Museum Cardiff | 199 silver pennies of Edward the Confessor and William the Conqueror[192] |
| Ballaslig Coin Hoard | early 14th century | Ballaslig Isle of Man 54°08′06″N 4°30′50″W / 54.135°N 4.514°W |
1978 | Manx Museum, Douglas | over 200 coins (mostly English sterling silver pennies)[193] | |
| Baschurch Hoard | mid 13th century | Baschurch Shropshire 52°47′31″N 2°51′14″W / 52.792°N 2.854°W |
2007–2008 | Shrewsbury Museum and Art Gallery | 191 long cross pennies of Henry III of England, 1 penny of Alexander III of Scotland, and some coin fragments[194] | |
| Beverley Hoard (2000) | mid 13th century | Beverley East Yorkshire 53°50′42″N 0°25′37″W / 53.845°N 0.427°W |
2000 | British Museum (130) | 448 short cross pennies 27 cut half pennies[195] |
|
| Chesterton Lane Hoard | mid 14th century | Chesterton Lane, Cambridge Cambridgeshire 52°12′40″N 0°06′54″E / 52.211°N 0.115°E |
2000 | Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge | 9 gold coins 1806 silver coins[196][197] |
|
| Colchester Hoard (1902) | mid 13th century | High Street, Colchester Essex 51°53′24″N 0°54′11″E / 51.890°N 0.903°E |
1902 | British Museum, London | 11,000 – 12,0000 silver pennies in a lead canister[198] | |
| Colchester Hoard (1969) |  |
late 13th century | High Street, Colchester Essex 51°53′24″N 0°54′11″E / 51.890°N 0.903°E |
1969 | British Museum, London | over 14,000 silver pennies of Henry III in a lead canister[198] |
| Cwm Nant Col Hoard | early 16th century | near Llanbedr Gwynedd 52°49′12″N 4°06′04″W / 52.820°N 4.101°W |
1918 | National Museum Cardiff | 1 late 13th or early 14th century copper alloy aquamanile in the shape of a stag, 1 5th century copper alloy ewer, 1 copper alloy tray, 1 bronze cauldron, 2 bronze skillets, 1 woodman's iron axe, and iron firedog fragments[199] | |
| Fauld Hoard | early 15th century | Fauld Staffordshire 52°50′N 1°44′W / 52.84°N 1.73°W |
2000 | Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, Stoke-on-Trent | 114 silver groats[200] | |
| Fishpool Hoard |  |
mid 15th century | Ravenshead Nottinghamshire 53°05′N 1°10′W / 53.08°N 1.17°W |
1966 | British Museum, London | 1,237 gold coins 8 pieces of jewellery 2 lengths of gold chain[201] |
| Fillongley Hoard | early 13th century | Fillongley Warwickshire 52°28′55″N 1°35′17″W / 52.482°N 1.588°W |
1997 | Warwickshire Museum | 2 silver brooches silver finger ring 127 short-cross pennies[202] |
|
| Gayton Hoard | late 12th century | Gayton Northamptonshire 52°10′12″N 0°59′35″W / 52.170°N 0.993°W |
1998–1999 | Ashmolean Museum | 308 silver pennies 7 fragments[203] |
|
| Glenluce Hoard | late 15th century | Glenluce sand-dunes Wigtownshire 54°51′00″N 4°52′59″W / 54.850°N 4.883°W |
1956 | 2 English silver coins 10 Scottish silver coins 99 Scottish billon coins 1 Scottish copper farthing[204] |
||
| Gorefield Hoard | early 14th century | Gorefield Cambridgeshire 52°40′59″N 0°05′31″E / 52.683°N 0.092°E |
1998 | British Museum, Wisbech & Fenland Museum, Fitzwilliam Museum |
1,084 silver pennies, halfpennies and farthings[205] | |
| Llanddona Hoard | early 14th century | Llanddona Anglesey 53°17′38″N 4°08′20″W / 53.294°N 4.139°W |
1999, 2005–2006 | returned to finder | 970 silver pennies[206][207] | |
| Reigate Hoard | mid 15th century | Reigate Surrey 51°13′48″N 0°11′17″W / 51.230°N 0.188°W |
1990 | dispersed | 135 gold nobles, half nobles and quarters 6,566 silver groats[208] |
|
| Rhoneston Hoard | late 15th century | Rhoneston, near Dumfries Dumfriesshire 55°09′14″N 3°42′29″W / 55.154°N 3.708°W |
1961 | 7 English silver coins 6 Scottish silver coins 70 Scottish billon coins[209] |
||
| Tutbury Hoard | early 14th century | Tutbury Staffordshire 52°51′N 1°41′W / 52.85°N 1.69°W |
1831 | dispersed | 360,000 silver coins (the largest hoard of coins ever discovered in Britain)[210][211] | |
| Wainfleet Hoard |  |
late 12th century | Wainfleet Lincolnshire 53°06′29″N 0°14′13″E / 53.108°N 0.237°E |
1990 | British Museum, London | 380 silver pennies and 3 halfpennies in a green-glazed ceramic bottle[212] |
[edit] Post-Medieval hoards
The table below lists hoards that date to later than 1500. Most of these hoards date to the period of the English Civil War (1642–1651) — over 200 hoards dating to the Civil War are known.[213]
| Hoard | Image | Date | Place of discovery | Year of discovery | Current Location | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abbotsham Hoard | mid 17th century | Abbotsham Devon 51°00′58″N 4°15′00″W / 51.016°N 4.250°W |
2001 | Bideford Museum | 9 gold coins 425 silver coins[214] |
|
| Asthall Hoard | early 16th century | Asthall Oxfordshire 51°48′N 1°35′W / 51.80°N 1.58°W |
2007 | Ashmolean Museum | 210 English gold angels and half-angel coins dating to the period 1470–1526[215] | |
| Deal Hoard | mid 16th century | Deal Kent 51°13′23″N 1°24′04″E / 51.223°N 1.401°E |
2000 | British Museum | 191 base silver coins within a linen bag inside a pot[216] | |
| Hackney Hoard |  |
mid 20th century (1940) | Hackney London 51°34′16″N 0°04′52″W / 51.571°N 0.081°W |
2007 | British Museum | 80 American Double eagle gold coins minted between 1854 and 1913[217][218] |
| Haddiscoe Hoard | mid 17th century | Haddiscoe Norfolk 52°31′30″N 1°37′12″E / 52.525°N 1.620°E |
2003 | Elizabethan House Museum, Great Yarmouth | 316 silver coins[219][220] | |
| Hartford Hoard |  |
early 16th century | Hartford Cambridgeshire 52°20′13″N 0°09′32″W / 52.337°N 0.159°W |
1964 | British Museum, London | 1,108 silver groats from the reigns of Edward IV, Henry VI, Richard III and Henry VII, and double patards of Charles the Bold[221] |
| Lincoln Spanish-American gold hoards | early 19th century | Lincoln Lincolnshire 53°15′N 0°33′W / 53.25°N 0.55°W |
1928 2010 |
24 Spanish-American gold 8-escudo coins minted between 1790 and 1801 (18 discovered in 1928, and 6 discovered in 2010)[222] | ||
| Nether Stowey Hoard |  |
mid 17th century | Nether Stowey Somerset 51°09′07″N 3°09′11″W / 51.152°N 3.153°W |
2008 | Somerset County Museum | Silverware, including four spoons, a goblet and a bell salt, in an incomplete earthenware vessel[223] |
| Tidenham Hoard | mid 17th century | Tidenham Gloucestershire 51°40′N 2°38′W / 51.66°N 2.64°W |
1999 | Chepstow Museum | 1 gold coin 117 silver coins[224] |
|
| Totnes Hoard | mid 17th century | Totnes Devon 50°25′55″N 3°41′02″W / 50.432°N 3.684°W |
1930s | Totnes Museum | 176 silver coins of England, Scotland, Ireland and Spanish Netherlands[225] | |
| Tregwynt Hoard | mid 17th century | Tregwynt Pembrokeshire 51°58′12″N 5°04′23″W / 51.970°N 5.073°W |
1996 | British Museum, London | 33 gold coins 467 silver coins a gold ring[213] |
|
| Warmsworth Hoard | early 17th century | Warmsworth South Yorkshire 53°29′53″N 1°10′55″W / 53.498°N 1.182°W |
1999 | Doncaster Museum | 122 silver coins pottery fragments bronze alloy spoon[226] |
[edit] See also
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hoards |
[edit] Notes
- ^ The Collette Hoard is named after Collette Minns, the eight year old daughter of the hoard's finder, John Minns.[8]
- ^ The Langdon Bay Hoard is currently on loan to the Dover Museum.[16]
- ^ A previously unknown type of stater was found which henceforth became known as the "Climping type". It is thought that there was more to the hoard, but it had become dispersed.[36]
- ^ Although buried in the Iron Age, some of the objects in the Salisbury Hoard are dateable to the early Bronze Age (circa 2400 BC), and may have been recovered from a Bronze Age hoard.
- ^ The Syngenta Hoard is named after the company on whose land the hoard was found.
- ^ The hoard was reported by a widow whose husband had been a digger driver working on the motorway. The exact location and date of the find was not known.
- ^ There was also a Bronze Age gold ornament found at the same time, but it is not considered to be part of this hoard.[144]
- ^ The Roman coins in the Westhall Hoard indicate a burial later than 138 AD, but the terrets date to the Iron Age, circa 1–70 AD, probably before the Roman Conquest.
- ^ The hoard was uncovered when preparing a burial ground in an area called Harkirke, or Harkirk (meaning "hoary or grey church"), which is now park land. The only record of the coins was a copperplate engraving of thirty five of them which was reproduced in a book by John Spelman, published in 1678.
- ^ The Ainsbrook Hoard is named after the two men who discovered the hoard, Mark Ainsley and Geoffrey Bambrook, it was covered in a special episode of the Channel 4 programme Time Team, first broadcast 14 January 2008. The programme was sceptical about the Viking origins of the hoard, and the location of the find was initially kept secret "to avoid the location becoming known to unscrupulous 'nighthawk' detectorists".[177]
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ "Hoard from Ayton East Field". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_prb/h/hoard_from_ayton_east_field.aspx. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ "The York Hoard: History of York". History of York. Yorkshire Museum. http://www.historyofyork.org.uk/themes/prehistory/the-york-hoard. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ "Hoard (part) from Auchnacree Lodge, Fern, Angus". National Museums Scotland. http://nms.scran.ac.uk/database/results.php?query1=Auchnacree+Hoard&FULL=1&_IXSPFX_=z. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Huge hoard of Bronze Age finds from Boughton Malherbe area discovered". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 7 December 2011. http://finds.org.uk/news/stories/article/id/225. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
- ^ "KENT-15A293 - Bronze Age Hoard". Portable Antiquities Scheme. http://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/457499. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
- ^ "Bronze Age Hoard from the Burnham on Crouch Area". Portable Antiquities Scheme. http://finds.org.uk/blogs/essex/2010/10/25/bronze-age-hoard-from-the-burnham-on-crouch-area/. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
- ^ "The Burton Hoard, Wrexham: context and significance". National Museum Wales. http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/1472/. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ "Hoard sheds new light on Bronze Age Northumbrians". http://detecting.merseyblogs.co.uk/2007/04/hoard_sheds_new.html. Retrieved 2010-07-17.
- ^ "Hoard sheds new light on Bronze Age Northumbrians". Newcastle University. http://www.ncl.ac.uk/press.office/newslink/item/1177431555. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Monument no. 20595". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=20595. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, pp. 22–33, 198
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, pp. 35–38
- ^ "Bronze Age Hoard". http://www.husbandsbosworth.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=18&Itemid=49. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ "Monument no. 377660". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=377660&sort=4&search=all&criteria=isleham%20hoard&rational=q&recordsperpage=10. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ Hitchcock 2006, pp. 21, 214, 228
- ^ "Bronze Age Boat Gallery". Dover Museum. http://www.dover.gov.uk/museum/bronze_age_boat/gallery/bronze_age_trade.aspx. Retrieved 2010-10-09.
- ^ a b "Questioning the wrecks of time". British Archaeology (91). November/December 2006. http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba91/feat2.shtml.
- ^ Lewis 2009, pp. 55–57
- ^ "Two embossed gold armlets". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_prb/t/two_embossed_gold_armlets.aspx. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ "Pembrokeshire Coroner declares Bronze Age hoard treasure". Western Telegraph. 27 October 2011. http://www.westerntelegraph.co.uk/news/9330372.Bronze_Age_hoard_declared_treasure/. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, pp. 21–22, 182, 198
- ^ "Migdale Hoard". National Museums Scotland. http://nms.scran.ac.uk/database/results.php?query1=Migdale+Hoard&FULL=1&_IXSPFX_=z. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "The Milton Keynes hoard". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_prb/t/the_milton_keynes_hoard.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Monument no. 345096". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=345096. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
- ^ "The Parc-y-Meirch hoard from Dinorben Bronze Age hillfort". http://www.gtj.org.uk/en/small/item/GTJ31677/. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ "The Rossett and Burton Hoards". Wrexham County Borough Council. http://www.wrexham.gov.uk/assets/pdfs/museum/treasures/hoardboard.pdf. Retrieved 2010-12-09.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004a, pp. 20–22
- ^ "A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales : Southeast Wales – Later Prehistoric, key sites". Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust. 22 December 2003 accessdate=2010-08-07. http://www.cpat.org.uk/research/selprek.htm.
- ^ "Monument no. 191257". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=191257. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
- ^ "Monument no. 423260". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=423260&sort=4&search=all&criteria=towednack%20hoard&rational=q&recordsperpage=10. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Alton hoard of Iron Age coins & jewellery". Art Fund. http://www.artfund.org/artwork/6968/alton-hoard-of-iron-age-coins-and-roman-jewellery. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ Bland 2000, pp. 100–101
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, pp. 151, 183
- ^ Bland 2000, p. 100
- ^ "Celtic Gold". Hull City Council. http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/museumcollections/collections/storydetail.php?irn=167. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, p. 7
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 106–107, 133
- ^ "coin". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=3261227&partid=1. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ Bland 2000, pp. 98–99
- ^ "The Hallaton Treasure". Harborough Museum. http://www.leics.gov.uk/index/community/museums/harboroughmuseum/treasure.htm. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Coin hoard from Honingham". Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery. http://www.museums.norfolk.gov.uk/trails/ncm_budica/so_/so_chh_f.html. Retrieved 2010-07-27.
- ^ "Iron Age gold coins discovered in Kimbolton". Hunts Post. 6 October 2011. http://www.huntspost.co.uk/news/latest-news/iron_age_gold_coins_discovered_in_kimbolton_1_1081859. Retrieved 2011-10-14.
- ^ a b Barton & Hitchcock 2008, p. 184
- ^ Lewis 2009, p. 87
- ^ "Little Horwood Hoard by Iron Age". The Art Fund. http://www.artfund.org/artwork/10284/little-horwood-hoard. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ "Artefacts from Llyn Cerrig Bach". National Museum Wales. http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/2363/. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ "Cauldron from Llyn Fawr". National Museum Wales. http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/2351/. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ Bland 2000, p. 98
- ^ "The Salisbury Hoard". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe/t/the_salisbury_hoard.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ Hutcheson, Natasha C. G. (2004). [9781841715827 Later Iron Age Norfolk: Metalwork, Landscape and Society]. Archaeopress. p. 105. 9781841715827.
- ^ Bland 2000, pp. 103–104
- ^ "The Snettisham Hoard". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_prb/t/the_snettisham_hoard.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "First Pictures of Stirling Iron Age Gold Hoard Treasure". Heritage Key. 11 April 2010. http://heritage-key.com/blogs/malcolmj/first-pictures-stirling-iron-age-gold-hoard-treasure. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Syngenta Coin Hoard". Reading Museum. http://www.readingmuseum.org.uk/collections/album/pdfs/syngenta-23.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-18.[dead link]
- ^ "Tal-y-Llyn Plaque". National Museum Wales. http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/2352/. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ Barton & Hitchcock 2008, pp. 95, 123
- ^ "Huge Iron Age haul of coins found". BBC. 17 January 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/suffolk/7835228.stm. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ^ "Iron Age coins declared treasure". BBC. 3 July 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/suffolk/8133440.stm. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ^ "Iron Age gold hoard saved for Ipswich Museum". The Art Fund. 21 June 2011. http://www.artfund.org/news/1163/iron-age-gold-hoard-saved-for-ipswich-museum. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 16–18
- ^ a b "Didcot hoard". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/cm/d/didcot_hoard.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ "Monument no. 74881". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=74881. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ "Monument no. 346418". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=346418. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ "Roman coin hoard goes on display". Wiltshire Heritage Museum. 22 July 2009. http://www.wiltshireheritage.org.uk/news/index.php?Action=8&id=81&page=0. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ "Monument no. 26672". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=26672. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004a, pp. 38–44
- ^ Walters & Smith 1921, p. 59
- ^ Jorsh, Mag; Clarke, Andrew (10 January 2011). "Cumbrian man unearths Roman treasures in field near Silloth". News and Star. http://www.newsandstar.co.uk/news/man-unearths-roman-treasures-in-a-cumbrian-field-1.797768. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
- ^ "Monument no. 361921". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=361921. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
- ^ "Herefordshire Through Time". Herefordshire Council. http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/htt/1317.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-17.
- ^ "Monument no. 44272". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=44272. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004a, pp. 132–133, 145
- ^ Barton & Hitchcock 2008, p. 199
- ^ Bland 2000, p. 121
- ^ Henry, Richard (21 October 2011). "The Bredon Hill Hoard: The process from discovery to present". Portable Antiquities Scheme. http://finds.org.uk/blogs/westmidlands/2011/10/21/the-bredon-hill-hoard-the-process-from-discovery-to-present/. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Silver handle from the Capheaton treasure". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_prb/s/capheaton_treasure_-_handle.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
- ^ Bland 2000, p. 123
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, pp. 160, 183
- ^ "Monument no. 1302805". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=1302805. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, p. 159
- ^ "Monument no. 1256324". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=1256324. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ "Monument no. 395271". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=395271. Retrieved 2010-08-.
- ^ "Monument No; 195361". Pastscape National Monument Record. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=195361. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
- ^ Buchwald, Vagn Fabritius (2005). Iron and steel in Ancient Times. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. p. 285. ISBN 9788773043080.
- ^ "Monument no. 18463". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=18463. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
- ^ "The Corbridge Lanx". British Museum. http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=827588&partid=1. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ "Monument no. 18543". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=18543. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
- ^ Abdy 2002, pp. 41–44
- ^ Bland 2000, pp. 113–114
- ^ "Roman silver coins go on display in Warwick". BBC News. 6 July 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-coventry-warwickshire-14039680. Retrieved 2011-07-06.
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 117–118, 133
- ^ Johns, Catherine & Bland, Roger (1994). The Hoxne Late Roman Treasure. vol. 25. ISSN 0068113. OCLC 486318148. http://www.jstor.org/stable/526995?origin=pubexport.
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- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2003, pp. 97, 105
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2003, pp. 94–95, 105
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2003, pp. 95, 105
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- ^ Bland 2000, pp. 123–124
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 121, 134
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004b, p. 153
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- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 24–25, 113, 133
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- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2003, pp. 95–96
- ^ Hitchcock 2006, p. 179
- ^ a b Bland 2000, p. 119
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, p. 118
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2003, p. 96
- ^ Barton & Hitchcock 2008, p. 198
- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 118–120, 133
- ^ "The Lightwood Hoard". Stoke-on-Trent Museums. http://www.stokemuseums.org.uk/collections/browse_collections/Local_History_Collections/roman_britain/lightwood_hoard/index.html?sid=8e7818c106d5b0e8ae700e3f172a7e65. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
- ^ "Monument no. 344783". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=344783. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
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- ^ Bland 2000, p. 112
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- ^ Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 123–124, ;134
- ^ Bland 2000, p. 10
- ^ Gannon, Voden-Decker & Bland 2004a, p. 132
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[edit] References
- Abdy, Richard (2002). Romano-British Coin Hoards. Shire archaeology, No. 82. Shire. ISBN 9780747805328.
- Barton, Caroline; Hitchcock, Fi, eds. (2008). Treasure Annual Report 2005/6. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. http://www.ncmd.co.uk/docs/treasurereport2005-6.pdf.
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- Bland, Roger; Voden-Decker, Lisa, eds. (2003). Treasure Annual Report 2001. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. http://www.ncmd.co.uk/docs/treasurereport2001.pdf.
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