List of plants used as medicine
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The following text needs to be harmonized with text in Herbalism#Examples of plants used as medicine. |
| Species | Common name | Claim | Evidence[1] | Compendial status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acanthopanax gracilistylus | Prickly ginseng, Wujiapi [2] | Aids digestion, cures hepatitis C, lowers blood pressure, increases stamina. [3] | |||
| Achillea millefolium | Yarrow | Eaten to counter poisoning, but must be eaten quickly | [citation needed] | ||
| Allium sativum [4] | Garlic | Antibiotic (in vitro)/stops infection | positive[5][6][7][8][9] | ||
| Cardiovascular health | inconclusive[10] | ||||
| Aloe ferox | WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants - Volume 1 [11] | ||||
| Anethum graveolens | Dill and Dill oil | used to soothe the stomach after meals | |||
| Amorphophallus konjac | Konjac | Atopic dermatitis | positive[12] | ||
| high cholesterol | positive[13] | ||||
| Aquilaria agollocha | Eaglewood | ||||
| Artemisia annua L. | Sweet sagewort | Help to prevent the development of parasite resistance,it also has anti-malarial properties, and has anti-cancer properties | |||
| Artemisia absinthium L. | Wormwood | ||||
| Aristolochia rotunda | Smearwort | ||||
| Arum Maculatum | Lords and Ladies | ||||
| Astragalus membranaceus | Astragalus [4] | ||||
| Cannabis Sativa L. | Cannabis, Cannabis sativa, Marijuana, Hashish | Pain relief, hunger stimulation, wasting caused by HIV/AIDS, Glaucoma, nausea | |||
| Citrus aurantium ssp. bergamia | Bergamot orange | Malaria[14] | |||
| Crataegus spp. L. | Hawthorn | Nervous tension | |||
| Cydonia oblonga | Quince [15] | ||||
| Cymbopogon flexuosus | Lemon grass [15] | ||||
| Cymbopogon schoenanthus | Fever grass [4] | ||||
| Digitalis lanata | Digitalis, Balkan Foxglove | Antiarrhythmic agent and inotrope | positive[16][17] | ||
| Echinacea purpurea | Purple coneflower, and other species of Echinacea | Reduce the severity and duration of symptoms associated with cold and flu. | inconclusive[18] | ||
| Glycyrrhiza glabra | Liquorice | ||||
| Hydrastis canadensis | Goldenseal | Antimicrobial[19] | |||
| Hypericum perforatum | St. John's wort | Antidepressant | positive[20] negative[21] |
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| Kaempferia galanga | Galanga resurrectionlily, Shannai [15] | ||||
| Marrubium vulgare | Horehound | Expectorant | |||
| Matricaria recutita (Chamomilla recutita) |
Chamomile | Relaxant/Calmative | |||
| Mentha × piperita | Peppermint | Irritable Bowel Syndrome/Peristalsis | WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants Volume 2 [22] | ||
| Nepeta cataria | Catnip | Soothes coughs | |||
| Panax Ginseng [23] | |||||
| Papaver somniferum | Opium Poppy | Pain relief. Morphine made from the refined and modified sap is used for pain control in terminal patients. Dried sap was used as a traditional medicine until the 19th century. | |||
| Passiflora spp. | Passion-flower | Insomnia | |||
| Phytolacca spp. | Pokeweed | Topical: acne | |||
| Internal: tonsilitis | |||||
| Plantago spp. | Plantain and Psyllium | Astringent | |||
| Salvia Stenophylla | Blue Mountain Sage | ||||
| Poppiocious seediouphylla | Poppy seeds | Helps sleeping/relieves pain | |||
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Rosemary [4] | ||||
| Symphytum officinale | Comfrey | mends broken bones/stops infection | |||
| Tanacetum parthenium (Chrysanthemum parthenium) |
Feverfew | Relieves Migranes, helps fevers and chills | |||
| Taraxacum officinale | Dandelion | Digestive | |||
| Tilia spp. | Lime Blossom | ||||
| Urtica dioica | Urtica dioica | ||||
| Valeriana officinalis | Valerian | Sedative | |||
| Verbascum thapsus | Mullein | boosts the Immune system, antispasmodic, diuretic, anodyne, and demulcent[24] Used to treat coughs, (protracted) colds, hemoptysis, catarrh, dysentery, diarrhoea and as a general tonic (like ginseng) to boost the immune system | |||
| Zingiberis Rhizoma | Ginger | can help ease nausea from chemotherapy[25] | JP XV [26] |
[edit] See also
- Alternative medicine
- Chinese classic herbal formula
- Herbalism
- Kampo herb list
- Medicinal plants of the American West
- List of branches of alternative medicine
- List of culinary herbs and spices
- List of herbs and minerals in Ayurveda
- 50 fundamental herbs of Traditional Chinese medicine.
- TCM Materia Medica (Plant)
- Wikispecies
[edit] Notes
- ^ Evidence that supports a given indication for a plant is marked 'positive'. Evidence that fails to support a given indication is marked 'negative'. Evidence that neither supports nor denies a given effect is marked 'inconclusive'.
- ^ Therapeutic Goods Administration. "Approved Terminology for Medicines". http://www.tga.gov.au/docs/pdf/aan/aan.pdf. Retrieved on 9 June 2009.
- ^ Rogers, Stan.
- ^ a b c d Therapeutic Goods Administration. "TGA Approved Terminology for Medicines - Herbal substances index ...". http://www.tga.gov.au/DOCS/pdf/aan/aanherb4.pdf. Retrieved on 4 June 2009.
- ^ Nicole Johnston (April 2002). "Garlic: a natural antibiotic". Modern Drug Discovery 5 (4). http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/mdd/v05/i04/html/04news4.html.
- ^ Anand Prakash, Jagadiswari Rao (1997). Botanical pesticides in agriculture. CRC Press. USA. ISBN 0873718259.
- ^ Cai Y, Wang R, Pei F, Liang BB (2007). "Antibacterial activity of allicin alone and in combination with beta-lactams against Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa". J. Antibiot. 60 (5): 335–8. doi:. PMID 17551215.
- ^ Eja ME, Asikong BE, Abriba C, Arikpo GE, Anwan EE, Enyi-Idoh KH (2007). "A comparative assessment of the antimicrobial effects of garlic (Allium sativum) and antibiotics on diarrheagenic organisms". Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 38 (2): 343–8. PMID 17539285.
- ^ Tessema B, Mulu A, Kassu A, Yismaw G (2006). "An in vitro assessment of the antibacterial effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on bacterial isolates from wound infections". Ethiop. Med. J. 44 (4): 385–9. PMID 17370439.
- ^ The proposed cardiovascular benefits of garlic have been the subject of significant clinical research, with sometimes conflicting results. At present, any clinical benefit in terms of cardiovascular health remains unconfirmed. See:
- Rahman K, Lowe GM (2006). "Garlic and cardiovascular disease: a critical review". J. Nutr. 136 (3 Suppl): 736S–740S. PMID 16484553.
- Gardner CD, Lawson LD, Block E, et al. (2007). "Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia: a randomized clinical trial". Arch. Intern. Med. 167 (4): 346–53. doi:. PMID 17325296.
- ^ World Health Organization. "WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants - Volume 1". http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2200e/5.html. Retrieved on 1 June 2009.
- ^ Kimata H (2006). "Improvement of atopic dermatitis and reduction of skin allergic responses by oral intake of konjac ceramide". Pediatr Dermatol 23 (4): 386–9. doi:. PMID 16918640.
- ^ Chen HL, Sheu WH, Tai TS, Liaw YP, Chen YC (2003). "Konjac supplement alleviated hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic subjects--a randomized double-blind trial". J Am Coll Nutr 22 (1): 36–42. PMID 12569112.
- ^ Krippner, Stanley; Ashwin Budden, Michael Bova, Roberto Galante (September 2004). "The Indigenous Healing Tradition in Calabria, Italy". Proceedings of the Annual Conference for the Study of Shamanism and Alternative Modes of Healing (San Francisco, California: Chair for Consciousness Studies at Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center). http://www.stanleykrippner.com/papers/Calabria2004Rev_1B_.htm. Retrieved on 10 February 2009.
- ^ a b c Therapeutic Goods Administration. "TGA Approved Terminology for Medicines - Herbal substances AAN list". http://www.tga.gov.au/docs/pdf/aan/aanherb3.pdf. Retrieved on 4 June 2009.
- ^ Lip GYH, Watson RDS, Singh SP (1995). "ABC of atrial fibrillation: drugs for atrial fibrillation". British Medical Journal 311: 1631–1634.
- ^ Note: Digitalis use in the United States is controlled by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and can only be prescribed by a physician. Misuse can cause death
- ^ Roxas M, Jurenka J (2007). "Colds and influenza: a review of diagnosis and conventional, botanical, and nutritional considerations". Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic 12 (1): 25–48. PMID 17397266.
- ^ Hwang BY, Roberts SK, Chadwick LR et al. (2003). "Antimicrobial constituents from goldenseal (the Rhizomes of Hydrastic canadensis) against selected oral pathogens." Planta Med. 69:623-627.
- ^ Gaster B, Holroyd J (2000). "St John's Wort for depression: a systematic review". Archives of Internal Medicine 160 (2): 152–6. doi:. PMID 10647752.
- ^ Davidson, J et al. (2002). "Effect of Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort) in major depressive disorder". Journal of the American Medical Association 287 (14): 1807–1814. doi:. PMID 11939866.
- ^ World Health Organization. "WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants Volume 2". http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2002/9241545372.pdf. Retrieved on 3 June 2009.
- ^ World Health Organization. "WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants - Volume 1". http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2200e/19.html. Retrieved on 9 June 2009.
- ^ Mullein properties and uses Herbalremedies.com
- ^ Ginger quells nausea from chemotherapy cbcnews.ca
- ^ "The Japanese Pharmacopoeia Fifteenth Edition". http://jpdb.nihs.go.jp/jp15e/. Retrieved on 17 May 2008.
[edit] References
- Taylor & Francis. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants Accessed 2008-06-06.
[edit] External links
- "NIH National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine". http://nccam.nih.gov/. Retrieved on 2007-07-16.
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