List of non-passerine birds of Korea

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This is a list of all non-passerine birds ever found in the wild in Korea, including the Korean Peninsula and islands.

See also: List of Korean birds and List of passerine birds of Korea

Contents

[edit] Loons

Order: Gaviiformes Family: Gaviidae

The Loons migrate to Korea during the winter months. They are carnivores and some species can dive more than 200 feet below the surface of the water to search for food.[1]

The Red-throated Loon visits the southern coasts during winter


[edit] Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large in size, have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. They leave the water only to nest, walking very short distances upright like penguins. They can run for a short distance, but often fall over.

Horned Grebe


[edit] Albatrosses

Order: Procellariidae Family: Diomedeidae Once common, it was brought to the edge of extinction by the trade in feathers, but with protection has recently made a recovery. Their main diet consists of squid, however they are known to follow fishing vessels for the left over morsels.

Phoebastria albatrus


[edit] Petrels and shearwaters

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae

The family Procellariidae is the main radiation of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. It is dominant in the Southern Oceans, but not so in the Northern Hemisphere.

Fresh-footed Shearwater


[edit] Storm Petrels

Order: Procellariidae Family: Hydrobatidae

It breeds on islands in the northwest Pacific off China, Japan and Korea. It nests in colonies close to the sea in rock crevices and lays a single white egg. It spends the rest of the year at sea, ranging into the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea.It is essentially dark brown in all plumages, and has a fluttering flight, pattering on the water surface as it picks planktonic food items from the ocean surface.

OceanodromaMonorhisSmit


[edit] Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae

These large birds use their elastic pouches to catch fish—though different species use it in different ways. Many pelicans fish by swimming in cooperative groups. They may form a line or a "U" shape and drive fish into shallow water by beating their wings on the surface.

Pelecanus philippensis


[edit] Boobies

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Sulidae This group comprises of medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish.

Brown Booby


[edit] Cormorants

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Korea.

Red-faced Cormorant


[edit] Frigatebirds

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Fregatidae

Frigate birds are built for flying; they rarely swim and cannot walk but can manage to climb around the trees and bushes in which they nest. They have a very light skeleton and long narrow wings and are masters of the air.

Lesser frigatebird


[edit] Herons

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ardeidae

Large wading birds found in most temperate regions but most numerous in tropical and subtropical areas. Most herons roost and nest in large colonies called heronries; others are gregarious only at breeding time; and some are entirely solitary.

Black-crowned Night-Heron


[edit] Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae

The storks are large, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills. They occur in most of the warmer regions of the world. They tend to live in drier habitats than their relatives the herons, spoonbills and Ibises, and lack the powder down that those groups use to clean off fish slime. Many species are migratory. Storks eat frogs, fish and small birds or mammals

Black Stork


[edit] Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Threskiornithidae

Ibises and Spoonbills occur primarily in freshwater and estuarine habitats, including swamps, marshes, coastal mangroves, rice fields, rivers and ponds. Ibises and spoonbills are widely distributed in the warmer regions of the world and are especially abundant in the tropics of Africa, Asia and South America.

Eurasion Spoonbill


[edit] Ducks, Geese, and Swans

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. There are 131 species worldwide.

Black Scoter
Snow Goose
Common Shelduck
Eurasian Wigeon


[edit] Osprey

Order: Falconiformes Family: Pandionidae The Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution. The Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution. The Osprey is particularly well adapted to its diet, with reversible outer toes, closable nostrils to keep out water during dives, and backwards facing scales on the talons which act as barbs to help catch fish. It locates its prey from the air, often hovering prior to plunging feet-first into the water to seize a fish.

Osprey

Osprey Pandion haliaetus

[edit] Hawks, Kites, and Eagles

Order: Falconiformes Family: Accipitridae

From the Accipitridae family, they range from small to large birds with strongly hooked bills and variable morphology based on diet. They feed on a range of prey items from insects to medium-sized mammals, with a number feeding on carrion

Golden Eagle
Eurasion Black Vulture
Black-eared Kite
Steppe Eagle


[edit] Falcons

Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae

Falcons have thin, pointed wings, which allow them to dive at extremely high speeds. (Peregrine Falcons, the fastest animals on Earth, are said to have reached speeds of up to 200 mph.)

Falco amurensis


[edit] Pheasants and grouse

Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae is a family of birds which consists of the pheasants and their allies; the grouse are sometimes considered to make up a separate family, the Tetraonidae. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds, or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. There are 180 species world wide and 4 species in Korea.

Common Pheasant


[edit] Buttonquail

Order: Turniciformes Family: Turnicidae

The buttonquails or hemipodes are a small family of birds which resemble, but are unrelated to, the true quails. This is an Old World group, which inhabits warm grasslands. Buttonquail are small drab running birds, which avoid flying. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 15 species worldwide, with 1 species in Korea.

Yellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki

[edit] Cranes

Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide, 7 Korean species.

White-naped Crane


[edit] Rails and crakes

Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds, including rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, and thus difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species world wide and 9 Korean species.

Gallinula chloropus
Water Rail


[edit] Bustards

Order: Gruiformes Family: Otididae

Bustards, including floricans and korhaans, are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They make up the family Otididae (formerly known as Otidae). Bustards are all fairly large and two species, the Kori Bustard and the Great Bustards are frequently cited as the world's heaviest flying birds, since both may exceed 20 kg (44 lbs).

Otis tarda

Great Bustard Otis tarda

[edit] Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae

Jacanas are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. The females are larger than the males, and some species are polyandrous. However, adults of both sexes look identical, as with most shorebirds. They feed on insects and other invertebrates picked from the floating vegetation or the water’s surface. Most species are sedentary, but the Pheasant-tailed Jacana migrates from the north of its range into peninsular India and southeast Asia. It is the only one of the world's 8 jacana species found in Korea.

Pheasant-tailed Jacanas

Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus

[edit] Painted snipes

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae

Painted snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but much more brightly coloured. The female is brighter than the male and takes the lead in courtship. The male incubates the eggs, usually four, in a nest on the ground or floating for about 20 days. All three species live in reedy swamps, and their diet consists of annelid worms and other invertebrates, which they find with their long bills. There are 3 species worldwide, of which only one is recorded from Korea.

Greater Painted-snipe

Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis

[edit] Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 Korean species.

Oystercatcher pecking the water

Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus


[edit] Stilts and Avocets

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 Korean species.

Black-winged Stilt


[edit] Coursers and pratincoles

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae

Oriental Pratincole

Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum

[edit] Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 12 Korean species, of which 3 breed in Korea.

Pacific Golden Plover
Charadrius alexandrinus


[edit] Waders

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the Sandpipers, Curlews, Godwits, Shanks, Tattlers, Woodcocks, Snipes, Dowitchers and Phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 86 species world wide and 45 Korean species.

Jack Snipe
Black-tailed Godwit
Spotted Redshank
Temmincks Stint


[edit] Skuas, Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae

There are 91 species worldwide, and 23 species in Korea.

Parasitic Jaeger
Caspian Gull
Black Headed Gull
Common Tern


[edit] Auks

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Alcidae

An auk is a bird of the family Alcidae in the order Charadriiformes. Auks are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits. Nevertheless they are not closely related to penguins, but rather are believed to be an example of moderate convergent evolution.There are 22 species worldwide, with 8 found in Korea.

Ancient Murrelet
Least Auklet


[edit] Sandgrouse

Order: Pteroclidiformes Family: Pteroclididae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. They are restricted to treeless open country in the Old World, such as plains and semi-deserts. Legs are feathered down to the toes, and genus Syrrhaptes has the toes feathered as well. There are 16 species worldwide, with one species in Korea.

Pallas's Sandgrouse


[edit] Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species world wide and 7 Korean species.

Eurasian Collared Dove


[edit] Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae

The cuckoos are generally medium sized slender birds. The majority are arboreal, with a sizeable minority that are terrestrial. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority of species being tropical. The temperate species are migratory. The cuckoos feed on insects, insect larvae and a variety of other animals, as well as fruit. Many species are brood parasites, laying their eggs in the nests of other species, but the majority of species raise their own young.

Common Cuckoo
Oriental Cuckoo


[edit] Owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae

Owls are solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species world wide and 11 Korean species.

Eurasian Scops-Owl
Eurasian Eagle Owl


[edit] Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is crypically coloured to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 1 Korean species.

Grey Nightjar


[edit] Swifts and Needletails

Order: Apodiformes Family: Apodidae

The swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species world wide and 3 Korean species.

White-throated Needletail 09a


[edit] Hoopoes

Order: Upupiformes Family: Upupidae

There is only one species of hoopoe worldwide. Hoopoes are widespread in Europe, Asia and North Africa, as well as Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. They migrate from all but the southernmost part of their range to the tropics in winter. Their habitat is open cultivated ground with short grass or bare patches. They spend much time on the ground hunting insects and worms.

Eurasian Hoopoe


[edit] Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae

Rollers are insect eaters, usually catching their prey in the air. They often perch prominently whilst hunting, like giant shrikes. They resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups, blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but not the outer one. There are twelve species worldwide, but only one is found in Korea.

Dollarbird


[edit] River kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae

The river kingfishers are one of the three families of bird in the kingfisher group.

Black-capped Kingfisher


[edit] Water kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Cerylidae

These are all specialist fish-eating species, unlike many representatives of the other two families, and it is likely that they are all descended from fish-eating kingfishers which founded populations in the New World. It was believed that the entire group evolved in the Americas, but this seems not to be true. The original ancestor possibly evolved in Africa - at any rate in the Old World - and the Chloroceryle species are the youngest ones.

Crested Kingfisher


[edit] Woodpeckers

Order: Piciformes Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are more than 200 species worldwide, and 11 species in Korea.

Eurasian Wryneck
Great Spotted Woodpecker


[edit] Notes

  1. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_non-passerine_birds_of_Korea&action=edit&section=1
  2. ^ Not included in Lee et al. (2000), but listed as a vagrant in South Korea by the IUCN. [1]
  3. ^ Sometimes given as Otus bakkamoena ussuriensis.
  4. ^ The Korean population is referred to the subspecies D. javensis richardi.

[edit] References

  • Collinson, Martin. Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists British Birds vol 99 (June 2006), 306-323
  • Jo, Sam-rae (조삼래) (2002). 서산의 새 [Seosanui sae] [English title: Birds of Seosan, Korea]. Gongju, South Korea: Kongju National University Press. ISBN 89-88421-34-5. 
  • Lee, Woo-Shin; Tae-Hoe Koo, Jin-Young Park; Desmond Allen, tr. (2000). A field guide to the birds of Korea. Seoul: LG Evergreen Foundation. ISBN 89-951415-0-6. 
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