List of people affected by bipolar disorder
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from List of people believed to have been affected by bipolar disorder)
This is a list of people accompanied by verifiable source citations associating them with bipolar disorder (formerly known as "manic depression"). This list includes only: a) deceased persons; and b) living persons who have been frank about their condition. It does not include speculation about status of living people who have not publicly stated themselves to have bipolar disorder. In addition to the above criteria, persons are only listed here if they also meet the Wikipedia notability criteria for biographical articles.
Many of the older cases are speculations, based upon their biographies rather than a clinical medical diagnosis. The retrospective diagnoses given have not always carried a consensus, or the individuals have been variously categorized as suffering from recurrent unipolar depression (chronic depression which does not present with manic features), schizophrenia, or the complications of substance abuse instead. The latter can make primary diagnoses difficult in a contemporary context, let alone a retrospective one.
Many famous people are believed to have been affected by bipolar disorder, based on evidence in their own writings and contemporaneous accounts by those who knew them. It is often suggested that genius (or, at least, creative talent) and mental disorder are linked; the connection was widely publicized by Kay Redfield Jamison in Touched with Fire, although many of the diagnoses in the book are made by Jamison herself.
Note that this list should not contain entries for performers who have an apparently manic or depressive public persona, but do not meet the criteria above, nor should the content of song lyrics or other creative works be regarded as autobiographical without independent external evidence that confirms this.
[edit] List
Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
[edit] A
- Rigoberto Alpizar, shooting victim.[1]
- Sophie Anderton, model[2]
- Adam Ant, musician[3]
[edit] B
- Charles Baudelaire, author.[4]
- Thomas Lovell Beddoes, poet and dramatist.[4]
- Ludwig van Beethoven, composer.[5][6] (Scientific analysis of Beethoven's hair has given rise to speculation that lead poisoning may have been a cause of his depression.)
- Andy Behrman, author of the book Electroboy: A Memoir of Mania[7][8]
- Max Bemis, frontman of the band Say Anything, spoke about his diagnosis in an interview with Spin magazine in 2006.[9]
- Maurice Benard, actor. He has discussed his diagnosis with Oprah Winfrey, and has since become active in promoting bipolar awareness.[10]
- Ludwig Boltzmann, physicist and mathematician. He "suffered from an alternation of depressed moods with elevated, expansive or irritable moods." John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson.[11]
- Adrian Borland, British musician[12]
- Russell Brand, comedian and actor. "In a low-key admission at the end of the book, he says he was finally diagnosed with bipolar disorder – manic depression – after he kicked the drugs for good in 2002 which goes some way to explaining his almost superhuman indifference to the chaos and catastrophe that almost lead him to obscurity."[13]
- Andrea Breth, German stage-director [14]
- Jeremy Brett, actor[15]
- Frank Bruno, boxer; was hospitalized for a short period and is currently on lithium.[16][17][18]
- Barney Bubbles, graphic designer [19][20]
- Lord Byron, poet.[4]
[edit] C
- Robert Calvert, former Hawkwind frontman [21][22]
- Alastair Campbell, press advisor [23][24]
- Georg Cantor, mathematician. Cantor's recurring bouts of depression from 1884 to the end of his life were once blamed on the hostile attitude of many of his contemporaries,[25] but these bouts can now be seen as probable manifestations of bipolar disorder.[26]
- Dick Cavett, television journalist. "CAVETT: Both in hypomanic, which I have had, and incidentally, one has to admit many patients say I am cured now, I am fine. But I must say I miss those hypomanic states. They are better off where they are."[27]
- Iris Chang, historian and journalist for the San Francisco Chronicle[28]
- Kurt Cobain, musician. His cousin, Beverly Cobain, a "registered nurse (…) [with] experience as a mental health professional" and author of a book, When Nothing Matters Anymore: A Survival Guide for Depressed Teens ISBN 1-57542-036-8, stated in an interview: "Kurt was diagnosed at a young age with Attention Deficit Disorder [ADD], then later with bipolar disorder; (…) As Kurt undoubtedly knew, bipolar illness can be very difficult to manage, and the correct diagnosis is crucial. Unfortunately for Kurt, compliance with the appropriate treatment is also a critical factor."[29]
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet.[30] His condition is more commonly directly attributed to drug use. "Around 1796, Coleridge started using opium as a pain reliever"
- Patricia Cornwell, American crime writer.[31]
- Robert S. Corrington, theologist. In his book Riding the Windhorse: Manic-Depressive Disorder and the Quest for Wholeness ISBN 9780761826194 (Hamilton Books, New York, 2003) he gives a personal account of his own struggles with the condition.
- Michael Costa, former Australian Labor party politician and Treasurer of NSW. "Mr Costa said a number of state parliamentary colleagues approached him about their mental health problems after he publicly revealed his battle with bipolar disorder in 2001."[32]
[edit] D
- Ray Davies, musician: is openly bipolar; also see his autobiography, X-Ray
- Charles Dickens, author.[4]
- Richard Dreyfuss, actor, BBC Documentary[33]
- Mike Doughty, musician. First described himself diagnosed as bipolar in 2007 on his blog.[34]
- Patty Duke, actress.[6][35]
[edit] E
- Ralph Waldo Emerson, author, poet, and philosopher.[36]
[edit] F
- Carrie Fisher, actress and writer. "'I ended up being diagnosed as a bipolar II,' says Fisher."[33][37]
- F. Scott Fitzgerald, writer.[38]
- William Faulkner, writer.[38]
- Stephen Foster, songwriter.[38]
- Stephen Fry, actor, comedian and writer. "As a sufferer of the disorder, Stephen Fry is speaking to other sufferers to find out about their experiences and visiting leading experts in the UK and US to examine the current state of understanding and research." Stephen has recorded a documentary about the life of the manic depressive which aired on the BBC.[33]
[edit] G
- Alan Garner, novelist. According to the Guardian, "In The Voice that Thunders (Harvill), a collection of critical and autobiographical essays, Garner casts light on his writing and thinking, and the role that manic depression plays in his creativity".[39][40]
- Paul Gascoigne, English footballer. "His second book, released this year, centres on his therapy - for alcoholism, eating disorders, OCD, and bipolar disorder, among others."[41]
- Matthew Good, Canadian musician. He first disclosed his illness in a personal blog. It was during the writing and recording of Hospital Music that he suffered one of his worst episodes.[42]
- Philip Graham, publisher and businessman. "It had finally penetrated to me that Phil's diagnosis was manic-depression…" Katherine Graham (1997), Personal History, p.328; Knopf, 1997, ISBN 0-394-58585-2 (book has numerous other references).
- Macy Gray, musician and actor. As documented in an interview with Saul Williams[43]
- Graham Greene, English novelist.[44] Extract from Graham Greene: A Life in Letters]: "Greene was managing the impulses of bipolar illness, involving mood swings from elation, expansiveness or irritability to despair and would quickly be guilty of repeated infidelities."
- Ivor Gurney, English composer and poet. [45]
[edit] H
- Alexander Hamilton, politician.[46]
- Linda Hamilton, actress. Star of the Terminator movies. Was diagnosed at the age of 40[47]
- Mariette Hartley, American actress, has publicly spoken about her bipolar disorder.[48]
- Jonathan Hay, Australian rules footballer[49]
- Ernest Hemingway, writer.[38]
- Kristin Hersh, musician, formerly of rock band Throwing Muses, is occasionally mentioned as having bipolar disorder, one example being a Muses biography.[50] She has also mentioned the disorder in several interviews.
- Hermann Hesse, writer.[38]
- Abbie Hoffman, political activist: "Abbie was diagnosed in 1980 as having bipolar disorder, more commonly known as manic depression." [51]
- Marya Hornbacher, writer. Hornbacher wrote Madness, a memoir of her struggle with bipolar disorder, after writing Wasted, which detailed her eating disorder.
[edit] I
- Jack Irons, drummer, formerly of Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam.[52]
[edit] J
- Kay Redfield Jamison, clinical psychologist and Professor of Psychiatry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, who profiled her own bipolar disorder in her 1995 memoir An Unquiet Mind and argued for a connection between bipolar disorder and artistic creativity in her 1993 book, Touched with Fire.
- Daniel Johnston, musician: "Johnston's output in his late teens and early 20s proved to be a symptom of his worsening manic depression." The Guardian Unlimited, Saturday August 20, 2005: "Personal demons", review of film, The Devil and Daniel Johnston:[53]
- Andrew Johns, Professional Rugby League Player. — has gone public about his condition.[54]
[edit] K
- Chris Kanyon, wrestler — self-described, diagnosed.[55] "I have gone thru (sic) some rough times, which ultimately led to me being diagnosed with clinical Bipolar Depression (also known as Manic Depression). I have spent the last year learning about and understanding my condition and we have finally got my medications balanced to the point where I feel I am in the best mental state of my life."
- Kerry Katona, English television presenter, writer, magazine columnist and former pop singer with girl band Atomic Kitten. BBC[56]
- John Keats, poet[6][36]
- Rep. Patrick J. Kennedy has been open about mental health issues, including being diagnosed with bipolar disorder.[57]
- Otto Klemperer, conductor[58]
- Margot Kidder, actress — self-described:[59] "I have been well and free of the symptoms that are called manic-depression for almost five years, and have been working steadily and leading a happy and productive life since then."
- Patrick Kroupa, writer and hacker, has been very open about his drug use and mental health issues, after his last heroin detox in 1999. He mentions bipolar disorder openly in several interviews.[60][61][62]
[edit] L
- Vivien Leigh, actress, cited in Holden, Anthony, Laurence Olivier, Sphere Books Limited, 1989, ISBN 0689115369 ; pp 221–222
- Neil Lennon Footballer with Celtic FC open about his battles with depression[63]
- Jenifer Lewis, American actress, spoke about her diagnosis on Oprah in September 2007.[64]
- Bill Lichtenstein, print and broadcast journalist and documentary filmmaker, profiled in Time magazine, October 10, 1994. [65]
[edit] M
- Kristy McNichol, actress. The former child star and teen idol left the show Empty Nest due to her battle with the depression. McNichol later returned to the show for a few episodes during the series' last season.[66][67][68][69][70]
- Kate Millett, author, The Loony-Bin Trip (1990) discusses her diagnosis of bipolar disorder, describing experiences with hospitalization and her decision to discontinue lithium therapy.
- Spike Milligan, comedian and writer. "I had to write a new show every week for six months. If Hitler had done that to someone it would be called torture. I was in such a state of hypertension that I was unapproachable by human beings. I became a manic depressive."[71][72]
- Ben Moody, musician. The former guitarist from Evanescence.[73]
- John A. Mulheren, American stock and option trader and philanthropist.[74]
- Edvard Munch, artist. Rothenberg A. Bipolar illness, creativity, and treatment. Psychiatr Q. 2001 Summer;72(2):131–47.
[edit] N
- Sir Isaac Newton, pioneering scientist and mathematician.[6]
- Florence Nightingale, nurse and health campaigner. BPW "Florence heard voices and experienced a number of severe depressive episodes in her teens and early 20s - symptoms consistent with the onset of bipolar disorder", Dr. Kathy Wisner, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.[75]
[edit] O
- Sinéad O'Connor, musician. She discussed her diagnosis with Oprah Winfrey in October 2007.[76]
- Graeme Obree, Scottish racing cyclist. World hour record 1993. Individual pursuit world champion in 1993 and 1995. Cited in 2003 autobiography, Flying Scotsman: Cycling to Triumph Through My Darkest Hours and 2006 film.
- Phil Ochs, musician [77]
- Ozzy Osbourne, singer. Lead singer of Black Sabbath and his self-titled band. Cited in VH1's "Heavy: The History of Metal" in 2006.
- Cheri Oteri, actress. Saturday Night Live Cast Member. Cited in Shales T.& Miller A. (2002) Live From New York, A Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live.
- Craig Owens, singer for American band Chiodos.[78]
[edit] P
- Nicola Pagett, actor. Wrote about her bipolar disorder in her autobiography Diamonds Behind My Eyes ISBN 0575602678
- Jaco Pastorius, jazz musician. "Jaco was diagnosed with this clinical bipolar condition in the fall of 1982. The events which led up to it were considered "uncontrolled and reckless" incidences."[79]
- Jane Pauley, TV presenter and journalist. The former Today and Dateline host describes being diagnosed with bipolar disorder in her autobiography "Skywriting: A Life Out of the Blue", which she wrote in 2004, as well as on her short-lived talk show.[80][81][82][83][84][85]
- Jimmy Piersall, baseball player.[6]
- Sylvia Plath, poet and novelist. [86]
- Edgar Allan Poe, poet and writer.[38][87][88][89]
- Gail Porter, British TV presenter [90]
- Emil Post, mathematician. Martin Davis, 1994, "Emil L. Post: His Life and Work" in Davis, M., ed., Solvability, Provability, Definability: The Collected Works of Emil L. Post. Birkhauser
- Charley Pride, country music artist. (autobiography) Pride: The Charley Pride Story. Publisher: Quill (May 1995). "Pride discusses business ventures that succeeded and those that failed, as well as his bouts with manic depression. He tells his story with no bitterness but lots of homespun advice and humor."
[edit] R
- Rene Rivkin, entrepreneur.[91]
- Barret Robbins, former NFL Pro Bowler.[92]
- Axl Rose, lead singer and frontman best known for Guns N' Roses[93] "I went to a clinic, thinking it would help my moods. The only thing I did was take one 500-question test - ya know, filling in the little black dots. All of sudden I'm diagnosed manic-depressive."
- Richard Rossi, filmmaker, musician, and maverick minister, revealed for the first time in a live interview on the Lynn Cullen show on June 5, 2008 the link between his artistic productivity and his depression to bipolar disorder, stating that "my father was bi-polar one, and I'm bi-polar two." He spoke of the relationship between creativity and the illness.
[edit] S
- Robert Schumann, composer.[38]
- Nina Simone, American singer. Interview with her daughter Simone, The Sunday Times June, 24 2007[94]
- Michael Slater, International Australian cricketer, forced to retire because of related symptoms.[95][96]
- Tony Slattery, actor and comedian.[33] "I rented a huge warehouse by the river Thames. I just stayed in there on my own, didn't open the mail or answer the phone for months and months and months. I was just in a pool of despair and mania." BBC Documentary[33]
- Sidney Sheldon, producer, writer; wrote about being a victim of bipolar disorder in his autobiography The Other Side of Me.
- Tim Smith, rugby league player whose career with NRL side Parramatta Eels was ended due to his bipolar condition, and pressure from the media.[97]
- Peter Steele, frontman of metalband Type o Negative [98] [99]
- Stuart Sutherland, British psychologist and writer[100]
[edit] T
- Sara Teasdale, poet.[36]
- Steven Thomas, American entrepreneur.[101][102]
- Gene Tierney, Academy Award nominated actress, Best Actress (1945)[103]
- Devin Townsend, musician, Strapping Young Lad, The Devin Townsend Band. He took himself off of his medication to write lyrics for Strapping Young Lad's album Alien.[104]
- Nick Traina, singer.[105], "in the last year of his life, he began telling people he was manic-depressive."
- Timothy Treadwell, American environmentalist and bear enthusiast, featured in the 2005 documentary film by Werner Herzog titled Grizzly Man.[106][107]
- Margaret Trudeau, Canadian celebrity and ex-wife of former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau (deceased). She now travels Canada and other countries speaking out against the stigmas on mental illness[108]
- Mark Twain, author.[36]
[edit] V
- Jean-Claude Van Damme, actor[109]
- Vincent van Gogh, artist.[110]
- Kurt Vonnegut, author[111]
[edit] W
- Mikey Way, bassist for My Chemical Romance. During the recording of The Black Parade his depression became so bad he temporarily had to leave the band. [112]
- Scott Weiland, musician. (Stone Temple Pilots, Velvet Revolver) "I suffer from manic-depressive disorder, and I've chosen not to take medication for it." Quotation from Weiland during an interview.[113]
- Pete Wentz, musician. (Fall Out Boy) "I have manic depression. I obsess over everything. When I am depressed, I can't get out of bed. But right now, it's sunny and 65 in my head, so it's OK!"[114]
- Mark Whitacre, business executive described in the true story movie, The Informant[115]
- Brian Wilson, musician. (The Beach Boys)[116]
- Virginia Woolf, poet and novelist.[38][117]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] Resources
- Jamison, Kay Redfield (1993): Touched with Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament, New York, The Free Press. ISBN 0-02-916030-8
- All entries succeeded by TWF are taken from Touched with Fire (See list)
- All entries succeeded by NAMI are on the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill list of famous persons with Mental Illnesses
[edit] Notes
- ^ "Probe after Miami airport killing". BBC News. 2005-12-08. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4509516.stm. Retrieved on 2006-10-05.
- ^ Sophie: Why I'm always moody | The Sun |HomePage|News
- ^ channel4.com | Adam Ant | Interview | 4music interview from 4music on Channel4.com
- ^ a b c d TWF p.267
- ^ In a Major and Minor Mood
- ^ a b c d e NAMI
- ^ Andy Behrman - Electroboy - A look at Manic Depression
- ^ Andy Behrman: Author of Electroboy answers some questions from Matt Borondy
- ^ Q&A: Say Anything's Max Bemis | Spin Magazine Online
- ^ Actor Maurice Benard Update
- ^ Boltzmann summary
- ^ Brittle Heaven - The official ADRIAN BORLAND website
- ^ Camden New Journal - Books: My booky wook by Russell Brand
- ^ http://www.profil.at/articles/0726/560/177193/dieser-selbstverwirklichungsirrsinn
- ^ TBE: Jeremy Brett FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
- ^ Guardian | Q: Did you feel suicidal before you were sectioned? A: Nah, I'm not that brave or clever. I wouldn't know how to tie a rope, know what I mean?
- ^ Bruno a victim of his chosen calling - Telegraph
- ^ The Emma Brockes interview: Frank Bruno | By genre | guardian.co.uk Books
- ^ Carol Clerk. Saga of Hawkwind, p.94. Omnibus Press, 2004 ISBN 1844491013.
- ^ Ian Abrahams. Hawkwind: Sonic Assassins, p. 150. SAF Publishing Ltd, 2004, ISBN 0946719691
- ^ "Unfortunately Calvert, who suffered from bipolar disorder, was then sectioned under the Mental Health Act, so was unavailable to re-record his lyric, and the lead vocals were recorded by the group's bassist Lemmy, later of Motorhead fame." Sending Up Space, Daily Mail, August 7th 2008: see http://www.starfarer.net/clippings21.html
- ^ Carol Clerk. Saga of Hawkwind, p.94. Omnibus Press, 2004 ISBN 1844491013.
- ^ "Blair's spin doctor talks of breakdown". http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/1747521.stm.
- ^ "Will Alastair Campbell's diary divulge the truth about life at No.10?". http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/will-alastair-campbells-diary-divulge-the-truth-about-life-at-no10-454916.html.
- ^ Dauben 1979, p. 280:"…the tradition made popular by [Arthur Moritz Schönflies] blamed Kronecker's persistent criticism and Cantor's inability to confirm his continuum hypothesis" for Cantor's recurring bouts of depression.
- ^ Dauben 2004, p. 1. Text includes a 1964 quote from psychiatrist Karl Pollitt, one of Cantor's examining physicians at Halle Nervenklinik, referring to Cantor's mental illness as "cyclic manic-depression".
- ^ CNN transcript from Larry King Live, broadcast June 12, 2005
- ^ Historian Iris Chang won many battles / The war she lost raged within
- ^ Interview: Kurt Cobain's Cousin on Youth Suicide | AHealthyMe.com
- ^ TWF pp.219–224, 267
- ^ [1]
- ^ Many MPs have mental disorders: Costa - Breaking News - National - Breaking News
- ^ a b c d e BBC NEWS | Entertainment | Comedian Fry reveals suicide bid
- ^ http://www.mikedoughty.com/blog/archives/2007_03.html MikeDoughty.com
- ^ Brilliant Madness: Living with Manic Depressive Illness
- ^ a b c d TWF p. 268
- ^ USATODAY.com - Carrie Fisher 'strikes back' at mental illness
- ^ a b c d e f g h TWF p.269
- ^ Garner, Alan | Authors | guardian.co.uk Books
- ^ Falling sickness | Books | The Guardian
- ^ Paul Gascoigne: what Gazza did next - People, News - The Independent
- ^ CANOE - JAM! Music - Artists - Good, Matthew: Matthew's Good gospel
- ^ Macy Gray - Brief Article - Interview | Interview | Find Articles at BNET
- ^ Graham Greene: A Life in Letters feature - Times Online
- ^ "New Perspectives on Ivor Gurney's Mental Illness", Pamela Blevins, Ivor Gurney Society Journal, Volume 6, 2000.
- ^ http://www.mcmanweb.com/hypomanic_nation.htm Hypomanic Nation
- ^ Linda Hamilton says she has bipolar disorder - More news and other features - MSNBC.com
- ^ USATODAY.com - Mariette Hartley triumphs over bipolar disorder
- ^ Herald Sun Story on Jonathan Hay
- ^ Throwing Muses | View the Music Artists Biography Online | VH1.com
- ^ Jezer, Marty (1993). Abbie Hoffman. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-2017-7. p. xvii
- ^ Apter, Jeff (2004-11-23). Fornication: The Red Hot Chili Peppers Story. Omnibus Press. pp. 134. ISBN 1-84449-381-4.
- ^ John Robinson on The Devil and Daniel Johnston | Film | The Guardian
- ^ Joey Johns&squo; bipolar despair | The Daily Telegraph
- ^ Homestead | Build, Make & Create Your Own Website – FREE! Website Hosting & Website Building Software
- ^ BBC NEWS | Entertainment | Katona checks into Priory clinic
- ^ Rhode Island news | projo.com | The Providence Journal
- ^ Otto Klemperer - Behind every great conductor
- ^ Web Page Under Construction
- ^ http://ibogaine.mindvox.com/Media/OceanDrive01.html
- ^ Our Apologies
- ^ http://ibogaine.mindvox.com/Media/CoolBeans.htm
- ^ http://www.fourfourtwo.premiumtv.co.uk/page/BooksDetail/0,,11442~896033,00.html
- ^ Jenifer Lewis's Battle with Bipolar Disorder
- ^ http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,981590,00.html
- ^ VH1.com : Person : Kristy McNichol : Biography
- ^ Kristy McNichol
- ^ Kristy McNichol
- ^ What is Bipolar Disorder?
- ^ Dinah Manoff on Entertainment Tonight
- ^ Guardian obituary
- ^ Comedy's Fab Five
- ^ MTV News article
- ^ Forbes
- ^ Did Florence Nightingale suffer from Bipolar Disorder?
- ^ Sinead O'Connor to Oprah: I feel for Britney - CNN.com>
- ^ Interview with Sonny Ochs speaking about her brother Phil Ochs with Larry Hoyt of WAER-FM 88.3, Syracuse, Saturday March 8, 2003
- ^ http://www.iamcraigowens.com/category/journal/
- ^ Ingrid'S Jaco Cybernest - Mind
- ^ Jane Pauley Discloses Bipolar Disorder
- ^ USATODAY.com - Pauley reveals struggle with bipolar disorder
- ^ Highs and lows A common medication triggered Jane Pauley's bipolar disorder. Could it happen to you?(Health & Fitness) - Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL) - HighBeam Research
- ^ Jane Pauley Brings Awareness of Bipolar Disorder
- ^ Pauley: Struggle with bipolar disorder - Books - MSNBC.com
- ^ GROW A COMPANY :: Marketing, Communications, Advertising, Interactive, Graphic Design
- ^ TWF, ISBN 0029160030, pages 26-27, 236, 249, 268
- ^ Life and Letters and the London Mercury: An International Monthly of Living, Published by Brendin Pub. Co., 1929 (v.2 1929 Jan-Jun, p.171): "Poe, like Nietzsche, was a manic-depressive; and his existence followed a comparable course."
- ^ From the Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe by Thomas Ollive Mabbott, Eleanor D Kewer, Maureen C Mabbott, Page 561, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1969: "Poe certainly had manic and depressive periods"
- ^ from Edgar Allan Poe: Rhetoric and Style by Brett Zimmerman, published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, 2005, (quote, from p.177: "...when the former was in one of his black moods - evidence supporting (in part) the theory that Poe was manic-depressive (see also Ostrom 404, 437)" [2]
- ^ Gail Porter interview in the Guardian
- ^ Rivkin children silent about fabulously flawed father Sydney Morning Herald 3 May 2005
- ^ http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2007/football/nfl/09/21/robbins.extradition.ap/index.html
- ^ Here Today... Gone To Hell! | Articles > The world according to W. Axl Rose by Del James
- ^ Best of Times, Worst of Times: Simone - Times Online
- ^ Slater tells: my bipolar disorder - Cricket - www.smh.com.au
- ^ Slater reveals bipolar illness - National - www.theage.com.au
- ^ "Eels' Tim Smith reveals bipolar disorder". Parramatta Sun. http://parramatta.yourguide.com.au/news/local/news/general/eels-tim-smith-reveals-bipolar-disorder/468594.aspx. Retrieved on 2009-04-17.
- ^ KNAC.COM - Features - Peter Steele Feature
- ^ Ink 19 :: Peter Steele
- ^ Sutherland's 1976 autobiography Breakdown, ISBN 0198523807, describes in detail his struggles with manic depression.
- ^ 9NEWS.com | Colorado's Online News Leader | Body of missing Boulder man found in Hawaii
- ^ http://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/07/14/webroot_founder_dead/
- ^ Tierney, Gene; Herskowitz, Mickey (1979). Self-Portrait. Peter Wyden. ISBN 0883261529. http://books.google.com/books?id=h-fTjgxAu90C.
- ^ http://www.farbeyondmetal.com/index.php?page_id=1120
- ^ nicktrainafoundation.org
- ^ Miami - Movies - Grizzly Fate
- ^ Daily InterLake Default News page
- ^ Margaret Trudeau reveals struggle with bipolar disorder
- ^ Australian Woman's Day magazine, January 30 2006
- ^ Vincent and Me
- ^ http://www.notmykid.org/parentArticles/DepressionandBipolar/
- ^ Mikey Way – Music at Last.fm
- ^ VH1.com : Stone Temple Pilots - Rhapsody Music Downloads
- ^ Pete Wentz Admits to Being Bipolar
- ^ Aurora Advisors, Inc. - Management Consulting
- ^ http://www.brianwilson.com/media/words/sd_reader.html BrianWilson.com
- ^ homepge.htm
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