List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first eukaryotic organism to have its complete genome sequence determined.

This list of sequenced eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.

DNA was first sequenced in 1977. The first free-living organism to have its genome completely sequenced was the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, in 1995. In 1996 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was the first eukaryote genome sequence to be released and in 1998 the first genome sequence for a multicellular eukaryote, Caenorhabditis elegans, was released.

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Contents

[edit] Protists

[edit] Alveolata

Alveolata are a group of protists which includes the Ciliophora, Apicomplexa and Dinoflagellata. Members of this group are of particular interest to science as the cause of serious human and livestock diseases.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Babesia bovis Apicomplexan Cattle pathogen 8.2 Mb 3,671 2007[1]
Cryptosporidium hominis
Strain:TU502		 Apicomplexan Human pathogen 10.4 Mb 3,994[2] Virginia Commonwealth University 2004[2]
Cryptosporidium parvum
C- or genotype 2 isolate		 Apicomplexan Human pathogen 16.5 Mb 3,807[3] UCSF and University of Minnesota 2004[3]
Eimeria tenella
Houghton strain		 Apicomplexan Intestinal parasite of domestic fowl 55-60 Mb[4] The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute[5] Available for download;[5] 2007 for Chr 1[6]
Neospora caninum Apicomplexan Pathogen for cattle and dogs 62 Mb[7] The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute[8] Available for download[8]
Paramecium tetraurelia Ciliate Model organism 72 Mb 39,642[9] Genoscope 2006[9]
Plasmodium berghei
Strain:Anka		 Apicomplexan Rabbit malaria 18.5 Mb[10] 4,900;[10] 11,654 (UniProt)
Plasmodium chabaudi Apicomplexan Rodent malaria 19.8 Mb[11] 5,000[11]
Plasmodium falciparum
Clone:3D7		 Apicomplexan Human pathogen (malaria) 22.9 Mb 5,268[12] Malaria Genome Project Consortium 2002[12]
Plasmodium knowlesi Apicomplexan Primate pathogen (malaria) 23.5 Mb 5,188[13] 2008[13]
Plasmodium vivax Apicomplexan Human pathogen (malaria) 26.8 Mb 5,433[14] 2008[14]
Plasmodium yoelii yoelii
Strain:17XNL		 Apicomplexan Rodent pathogen (malaria) 23.1 Mb 5,878[15] TIGR and NMRC 2002[15]
Tetrahymena thermophila Ciliate Model organism 104 Mb 27,000[16] 2006[16]
Theileria annulata
Ankara clone C9		 Apicomplexan Cattle pathogen 8.3 Mb 3,792 Sanger 2005[17]
Theileria parva
Strain:Muguga		 Apicomplexan Cattle pathogen (African east coast fever) 8.3 Mb 4,035[18] TIGR and the International Livestock Research Institute 2005[18]
Toxoplasma gondii
GT1, ME49, VEG strains		 Apicomplexan Mammal pathogen 63 Mb (RefSeq) 8,100 (UniProt) - 9,000 (EuPathDB) J. Craig Venter Inst., TIGR, UPenn. 2008[19]

[edit] Amoebozoa

Amoebozoa are a group of motile amoeboid protists, members of this group move or feed by means of temporary projections, called pseudopods. The best known member of this group is the slime mold which has been studied for centuries; other members include the Archamoebae, Tubulinea and Flabellinea. Some Amoeboza cause disease.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Dictyostelium discoideum
Strain:AX4		 Slime mold Model organism 34 Mb 12,500[20] Consortium from University of Cologne, Baylor College of Medicine and the Sanger Centre 2005[20]
Entamoeba histolytica
HM1:IMSS		 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (amoebic dysentery) 23.8 Mb 9,938[21] TIGR, Sanger Institute and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine 2005[21]
Polysphondylium pallidum
Strain:PN500		 Slime mold Model organism 12,939,[22] 12,350 (UniProt) Leibniz Institute for Age Research 2009[22]

[edit] Chromista

The Chromista are a group of protists that contains the algal phyla Heterokontophyta (stramenopiles), Haptophyta and Cryptophyta. Members of this group are mostly studied for evolutionary interest.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Albugo laibachii Oomycete Arabidopsis parasite, biotroph 37 Mb[23] 13,032[23] 2011[23]
Aureococcus anophaefferens
Strain:CCMP1984		 Pelagophyte DOE Joint Genome Institute 2011[24]
Bigelowiella natans Chlorarachniophyte Model organism 0.331 Mb
(nucleomorph genome only)		 373[25] Hall Institute Australia, Univ. Melbourne, Univ. BC 2006[25]
Emiliania huxleyi
CCMP1516		 Coccolithophore (phytoplankton) Joint Genome Institute Available for download[26]
Guillardia theta Cryptomonad Model organism 0.551 Mb
(nucleomorph genome only)		 465,[27] 513, 598 (UniProt) Canadian Institute of Advanced Research, Philipps-University Marburg and the University of British Columbia 2001[27]
Hemiselmis andersenii CCMP7644 Cryptomonad Model organism 0.572 Mb
(nucleomorph genome only)		 472,[28] 502 (UniProt) Canadian Institute of Advanced Research 2007[28]
Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Oomycete obligate biotroph, Arabidopsis pathogen WUGSC 2010[29]
Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Strain: CCAP1055/1		 Diatom 27.4 Mb 10,402 Joint Genome Institute 2008[30]
Phytophthora infestans
Strain:T30-4</strain>		 Oomycete Irish potato famine pathogen Broad Institute 2009[31]
Phytophthora ramorum Oomycete Sudden oak death pathogen 65 Mb (7x) 15,743 Joint Genome Institute et al. 2006[32]
Phytophthora sojae Oomycete Soybean pathogen 95 Mb (9x) 19,027 Joint Genome Institute et al. 2006[32]
Pythium ultimum Oomycete ubiquitous plant pathogen 42.8 Mb 15,290 Michigan State University et al. 2010[33]
Thalassiosira pseudonana
Strain:CCMP 1335		 Diatom 34.5 Mb 11,242[34] Joint Genome Institute and the University of Washington 2004[34]

[edit] Excavata

Excavata is a group of related free living and symbiotic protists; it includes the Metamonada, Loukozoa, Euglenozoa and Percolozoa. They are researched for their role in human disease.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Giardia intestinalis assemblage B Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Giardiasis) 11.7 Mb 4,470[35] multicenter collaboration 2009[35]
Giardia lamblia
ATCC 50803
(Giardia intestinalis assemblage A)
 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Giardiasis) 11.7 Mb 6,470,[36] 7,153 (UniProt) Karolinska Institutet, Marine Biological Laboratory 2007[36]
Leishmania braziliensis
MHOM/BR/75M2904		 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Leishmaniasis) 33 Mb 8,314[37] Sanger Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, Imperial College 2007[37]
Leishmania infantum
JPCM5		 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Visceral leishmaniasis) 33 Mb 8,195[37] Sanger Institute, Imperial College and University of Glasgow 2007[37]
Leishmania major
Strain:Friedlin		 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Cutaneous leishmaniasis) 32.8 Mb 8,272[38] Sanger Institute and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute 2005[38]
Naegleria gruberi amoeboflagellate Diverged from other eukaryotes over 1 billion years ago 41 Mb[39] 15,727[39] 2010[39]
Trichomonas vaginalis Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Trichomoniasis) 160 Mb 59,681[40] TIGR 2007[40]
Trypanosoma brucei
Strain:TREU927/4 GUTat10.1		 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Sleeping sickness) 26 Mb 9,068[41] Sanger Institute and TIGR 2005[41]
Trypanosoma cruzi
Strain:CL Brener TC3		 Parasitic protozoan Human pathogen (Chagas disease) 34 Mb 22,570[42] TIGR, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute and Uppsala University 2005[42]

[edit] Opisthokonts, basal

Opisthokonts are a group of eukaroytes that include both animals and fungi as well as basal groups that are not classified in these groups. These basal opisthokonts are reasonably categorized as protists and include choanoflagellates, which are distantly related to sponges that are considered animals.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Monosiga brevicollis Choanoflagellate close relative of metazoans 41.6 Mb 9,200[43] Joint Genome Institute 2007[43]

[edit] Plants

[edit] Algae

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Green alga (Single celled) Model organism 121 Mb 15,143[44] Multiple organizations 2007[44]
Chlorella variabilis
NC64A		 Green alga (Single celled) DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010[45]
Coccomyxa sp. C-169 Green alga (Single celled) possible biofuel producer 49 Mb 9,629 DOE Joint Genome Institute 2007[46]
Cyanidioschyzon merolae
Strain:10D		 Red alga Simple eukaryote 16.5 Mb 5,331[47] University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University, Saitama University and Kumamoto University 2004[47]
Ectocarpus siliculosus Brown alga Very distantly related to plants 214 Mb[48] 2010[48]
Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 Green alga marine phytoplankton 21.95 Mb 10,672 DOE Joint Genome Institute 2007[49][50]
Ostreococcus lucimarinus
CCE9901		 Green alga Simple eukaryote, small genome 13.2 Mb 7,403 (UniProt) DOE Joint Genome Institute 2007[51]
Ostreococcus tauri Green alga Simple eukaryote, small genome 12.6 Mb 7,969 (UniProt) Laboratoire Arago 2006[52]
Volvox carteri Green alga Multicellular alga, model organism 138 Mb[53] 2010[53]

[edit] Bryophytes

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Physcomitrella patens Moss Reference organism

early diverging land plant

 500 Mb 39,458[54] US Department of Energy Office of Science Joint Genome Institute 2008[54]

[edit] Higher plants

(with publications in major refereed journals)

[edit] Lycophytes

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Selaginella moellendorffii Lycophyte Model organism 100 Mb[55] JGI 2011[56]

[edit] Dicots

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Arabidopsis lyrata Model plant 207 Mb[57] 32,670[58] University of Southern California and VIB, Gent 2011[58]
Arabidopsis thaliana
Ecotype:Columbia		 Wild mustard Thale Cress Model plant 119 Mb 25,498,[59] 27,400,[60] 31,670 (UniProt) Arabidopsis Genome Initiative[61] 2000[59]
Brassica rapa Oilseed crop, Chinese cabbage, turnip Crop and model organism 284 Mb[62] 41,174[62] multicenter collaboration 2011[62]
Cannabis sativa Cannabis Hemp and marijuana production 534 Mb[63] 30,074[63] multicenter collaboration 2011[63]
Cucumis sativus Cucumber 'Chinese long' inbred line 9930 Vegetable crop 367 Mb[64] 26,682[64] Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 2009[64]
Fragaria vesca Woodland strawberry Fruit crop 280 Mb[65] 25,050[65] multicenter collaboration 2011[65]
Glycine max Soybean Soyabean Soya Protein and oil crop 1,100 Mb[66] 46,430[66] Purdue University 2010[66]
Jatropha curcas
Palawan		 Bio-diesel crop Kazusa DNA Research Institute 2010[67]
Lotus japonicus Legume Model legume 417 Mb[68] 30,799[68] multicenter collaboration 2008[68]
Malus domestica Apple "Golden Delicious" Fruit Tree 927 Mb[69] 57,000[70] International consortium 2010[71][72][73]
Medicago truncatula Medicago Model organism for legume biology 375 Mb[74] 62,388[74] multicenter collaboration 2011[74]
Populus trichocarpa Balsam poplar or Black Cottonwood Carbon sequestration, model tree, commercial use (timber), and comparison to A. thaliana 550 Mb 45,555[75] The International Poplar Genome Consortium 2006[75]
Ricinus communis Castor bean Oilseed crop 320 Mb[76] 31,237[76] multicenter collaboration 2010[76]
Solanum tuberosum Potato Crop plant 844Mb[77] 39,031[77] multicenter collaboration 2011[77]
Thellungiella parvula Salt cress Arabidopsis relative with high salt tolerance 140 Mb[78] 28,901[78] multicenter collaboration 2011[78]
Theobroma cacao Cocoa, Criollo variety Flavoring crop 430Mb[79] 28,798[79] CIRAD, multiple institutions
(separate project, Mars Inc., USDA)[80]		 2010[79][80]
Vitis vinifera Grapevine PN40024 Fruit crop 490 Mb[81] 30,434[81] The French-Italian Public Consortium for Grapevine Genome Characterization 2007[81]

[edit] Monocots

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Brachypodium distachyon purple false brome Model monocot (grass) 272 Mb[82] 26,500[83] The International Brachypodium Initiative 2010[84]
Oryza sativa
ssp indica		 Rice Crop and model organism 420 Mb 32-50,000[85] Beijing Genomics Institute, Zhejiang University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2002[85]
Oryza sativa
ssp japonica		 Rice Crop and model organism 466 Mb 58,000[86] Syngenta and Myriad Genetics 2002[87]
Phoenix dactylifera Date palm Fruit tree (Palm) 658 Mb >25,000[88] Genomics Core, Qatar 2011[88]
Sorghum bicolor Crop plant 730Mb[89] 27,640[89] Multiple institutions 2009[89]
Zea mays
ssp mays		 Corn (maize) B73 Cereal crop 2,800 Mb[90] 63,300[91] NSF 2009[90]

[edit] Higher plants without publication

(where press releases claim the genome has been sequenced or there are websites with sequence, but there are no publications in major refereed journals)

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Brassica napus Rapeseed Oil plant 1,100 Mb Bayer CropScience 2009[92]
Corchorus olitorius Tossa Jute Fibre plant University of Dhaka, DataSoft Systems Bangladesh Ltd, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, University of Hawaii and University of Science Malaysia 2010[93][94][95]
Elaeis guineensis Oil palm Oil plant 1,800 Mb Asiatic Centre for Genome Technology Sdn Bhd (ACGT) and Synthetic Genomics Inc 2007[96]
Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus tree Fibre and timber crop 691 Mb 44,974[97] Univ. of Pretoria and JGI 2011
Solanum lycopersicum Tomato (Solonacaie) ~700 Mb Several groups 2011
Triticum aestivum Bread wheat cv. 'Chinese Spring' Cereal plant 16,000 Mb University of Bristol, University of Liverpool, John Innes Centre 2010[98]

[edit] Fungi

In 2010, due to technical progress, the number of sequenced fungi grew dramatically. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced fungi genomes.

[edit] Dikarya

[edit] Ascomycota

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Ashbya gossypii
Strain:ATCC 10895		 Saccharomycetes Plant pathogen 9.2 Mb 4,718[99] SyngentaAG and University of Basel 2004[99]
Aspergillus aculeatus
Strain:ATCC16872		 Eurotiomycetes Industrial use 2010[100]
Aspergillus carbonarius
Strain:ITEM 5010		 Eurotiomycetes Food pathogen 2009[101]
Aspergillus fumigatus
Strain:Af293		 Eurotiomycetes Human pathogen 29.4 Mb 9,926[102] Sanger Institute, University of Manchester, TIGR, Institut Pasteur, Nagasaki University, University of Salamanca and OpGen 2005[102]
Aspergillus nidulans
Strain:FGSC A4		 Eurotiomycetes Model organism 30 Mb 9,500[103] 2005[103]
Aspergillus niger
Strain:CBS 513.88		 Eurotiomycetes Biotechnology - fermentation 33.9 Mb 14,165[104] 2007[104]
Aspergillus oryzae
Strain:RIB40		 Eurotiomycetes Used to ferment soy 37 Mb 12,074[105] National Institute of Technology and Evaluation 2005[105]
Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei
Strain:DH14		 Leotiomycetes Plant pathogen 120 Mb 5,854 Blugen consortium 2010[106]
Botrytis cinerea
Strain:B05.10		 Leotiomycetes Plant pathogen (noble rot) 43 Mb 16,400[107] Broad Institute 2005[108]
Candida albicans
Strain:WO-1		 Saccharomycetes Human pathogen 14,4 Mb[109] 6,159[109] Broad Institute 2009[109]
Candida dubliniensis
Strain:CD36		 Saccharomycetes Human pathogen 2009[110]
Candida glabrata
Strain:CBS138		 Saccharomycetes Human pathogen 12.3 Mb 5,283[111] Génolevures Consortium[112] 2004[111]
Chaetomium globosum
Strain:CBS 148.51		 Sordariomycetes Soil fungus 34,9 Mb[113] 11,100 Broad Institute 2005[114]
Coccidioides immitis Eurotiomycetes J. Craig Venter Institute 2009[115]
Coccidioides posadasii
Strain:C735 delta SOWgp		 Eurotiomycetes J. Craig Venter Institute 2009[115]
Debaryomyces hansenii
Strain:CBS767		 Saccharomycetes Cheese ripening 12.2 Mb 6,906[111] Génolevures Consortium 2004[111]
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287 Sordariomycetes Human/plant pathogen 2010[116]
Gibberella moniliformis
Strain:7600		 Sordariomycetes Plant pathogen 2010[116]
Gibberella zeae
Strain:PH-1		 Sordariomycetes Plant pathogen 2008[117]
Grosmannia clavigera kw1407 Sordariomycetes Plant pathogen, parasite symbiont (blue stain fungus) 32.5 Mb[118] Tria Project and UBC 2011[119]
Kluyveromyces lactis
Strain:CLIB210		 Saccharomycetes 10-12 Mb 5,329[111] Génolevures Consortium 2004[111]
Kluyveromyces waltii
Strain:NCYC 2644		 Saccharomycetes Broad Institute 2004[120]
Lachancea kluyveri (Saccharomyces kluyveri)
Strain:NRRL Y-12651		 Saccharomycetes Genoscope 2009[121]
Lachancea thermotolerans (Kluyveromyces thermotolerans)
Strain:CBS 6340		 Saccharomycetes Genoscope 2009[121]
Magnaporthe grisea Sordariomycetes Plant pathogen 37.8 Mb 11,109[122] 2005[122]
Mycosphaerella fijiensis Dothideomycetes black sigatoka, banana pathogen 74.1 Mb 13,107 JGI 2007[123]
Nectria haematococca
Strain:MPVI		 Sordariomycetes Bioremediation 2009[124]
Neurospora crassa Sordariomycetes Model eukaryote 40 Mb 10,082[103] Broad Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, University of Kentucky, and the University of Kansas 2003[103]
Neurospora tetrasperma
Strain: FGSC 2508 mat A		 Sordariomycetes Model eukaryote 2010[125]
Penicillium chrysogenum
Strain: Wisconsin54-1255		 Eurotiomycetes Penicillin biosynthesis 32.2 Mb[126] 12,773 (UniProt) DSM 2008[126]
Penicillium marneffei
Strain:PM1		 Eurotiomycetes Human pathogen 28.9 Mb[127] 2011[127]
Podospora anserina
Strain:S mat+		 Sordariomycetes 2008[127]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Strain:S288C		 Saccharomycetes Baker's Yeast; Model eukaryote 12.1 Mb 6,294[128] International Collaboration for the Yeast Genome Sequencing[129] 1996[128]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Strain:Sigma1278b		 Saccharomycetes Baker's Yeast; Model eukaryote 12.1 Mb Broad Institute 2010[130]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Strain:JAY291		 Saccharomycetes Baker's Yeast; Model eukaryote 12.1 Mb 2009[131]
Saccharomyces pastorianus
Strain:Weihenstephan 34/70		 Saccharomycetes Lager brewing yeast 2009[132]
Scheffersomyces stipitis
Strain:CLIB99		 Saccharomycetes lignin/xylose degrader 2007[133]
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Strain:972h-		 Schizosaccharomycetes Model eukaryote 14 Mb 4,824[134] Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2002[134]
Spathaspora passalidarum
Strain:NRRL Y-27907		 Saccharomycetes model xylose fermenter 2010[135]
Sporotrichum thermophile Sordariomycetes Thermophilic cellulose degrader 2010[136]
Thielavia terrestris Sordariomycetes Model theromphile/industrial 2010[137]
Trichoderma atroviride Sordariomycetes Industrial/soil 2010[138]
Trichoderma reesei
Strain:QM6a		 Sordariomycetes Cellulose production DOE Joint Genome Institute 2008[139]
Trichoderma virens
Strain:Gv29-8		 Sordariomycetes Industrial/pathogen 2007[140]
Tuber melanosporum
Strain:Mel28		 Pezizomycetes Périgord black truffle 2010[141]
Uncinocarpus reesii Eurotiomycetes J. Craig Venter Institute 2009[115]
Vanderwaltozyma polyspora
Strain:DSM 70294		 Saccharomycetes Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin 2007[142]
Yarrowia lipolytica
Strain:CLIB99		 Saccharomycetes Industrial uses 20 Mb 6,703[111] Génolevures Consortium 2004[111]
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii
Strain:CBS732		 Saccharomycetes Food spoiler 2009[143]

[edit] Basidiomycetes

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Agaricus bisporus var. bisporus
Strain:H97		 Agaricomycetes Champignon mushroom, food, decomposer fungus, bioremediation 30.2 Mb 10,438 JGI 2009[144]
Coprinopsis cinerea (Coprinus cinereus) Agaricomycetes Model organism for multicellular fungi 2010[145]
Cryptococcus (Filobasidiella) neoformans
JEC21		 Tremellomycetes Human pathogen 20 Mb 6,500[146] TIGR and Stanford University 2005[146]
Heterobasidion annosum Agaricomycetes Plant pathogen 2009[147]
Laccaria bicolor
Strain:S238N-H82		 Agaricomycetes Mycorrhizal fungus 65Mb[148] 17,895 (UniProt) Multiple institutions 2008[148]
Malassezia globosa
Strain:CBS 7966		 Ustilaginomycetes Dandruff-associated 2007[149]
Malassezia restricta
Strain:CBS 7877		 Ustilaginomycetes Dandruff-associated 2007[149]
Melampsora laricis-populina Pucciniomycetes Pathogen of populars 2008[150]
Moniliophthora perniciosa Agaricomycetes Witches' Broom Disease of cacao 2008[151]
Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Strain:RP78		 Agaricomycetes Wood rotting fungus, use in mycoremediation 30Mb 11,777[152] Joint Genome Institute 2004[152]
Pleurotus chrysoporium Agaricomycetes Industrial/lignin degrader 2010[153]
Postia placenta Agaricomycetes Cellulose degrader 2008[154][155]
Puccinia graminis
f. sp. tritici		 Pucciniomycetes Plant pathogen (wheat stem rust) 81.6 Mb 20,534[156] ARS, JGI, NSF, Broad, MIT, Univ. of Minnesota, and French Nat. Inst. for Agric. Res. 2011[157][158]
Puccinia triticina
1-1 BBBD Race 1		 Pucciniomycetes Pathogen of wheat 2011[158]
Rhodotorula graminis
Strain:WP1		 Pucciniomycetes Plant symbiont 2010[159]
Schizophyllum commune Agaricomycetes Mushroom 2010[160]
Serpula lacrymans Agaricomycetes Wood parasite (dry rot) 48.2 Mb JGI, Univ. Göttingen 2011[161]
Sporisorium rellianum Ustilaginomycetes Maize parasite Univ. Göttingen, MPI Marburg 2010[162][163]
Sporobolomyces roseus Pucciniomycetes Associated with plants [164]
Ustilago maydis Ustilaginomycetes Plant parasite 20 Mb 6,548 (UniProt) MPI Marburg 2006[165]

[edit] Microsporidia

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Encephalitozoon cuniculi Microsporidium Human pathogen 2.9 Mb 1,997[166] Genoscope and Université Blaise Pascal 2001[166]
Encephalitozoon intestinalis
Strain: ATCC 50506		 Microsporidium Human pathogen 2010[167]
Enterocytozoon bieneusi Microsporidium human pathogen particularly in the context of HIV infection ~60% of genome, 2009[168]
Nosema ceranae Microsporidium honey bee pathogen 2009[169]
Octosporea bayeri
Strain: OER 3-3		 Microsporidium Daphnia pathogen 2009[170]

[edit] Chytridiomycota

Chytridiomycota is probably a polyphyletic group[171][172] that includes fungi with spores that have flagella (zoospores) and are a sister group to more advanced land fungi that lack flagella. Chytrids are often pathogens.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Chytridiomycota amphibian pathogen 2006[173]

[edit] Zygomycota

Zygomycota is probably a polyphyletic group[174] that contains basal fungal lineages.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Rhizopus oryzae Zygomycota human pathogen (mucormycosis) 2009[175]
Mortierella alpina Strain: ATCC 32222 Zygomycota Commercial source of arachidonic acid 2011[176]

[edit] Animals

[edit] Parazoa

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Amphimedon queenslandica Sponge 190 Mb 29,867 2009[177]
Trichoplax adhaerens Placozoan   98 Mb   Srivastava et al. 2008[178]

[edit] Cnidaria

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Hydra magnipapillata Medusozoan Model cnidarian 1,500 Mb[179] 20,000[179] The J. Craig Venter Institue 2010[179]
Nematostella vectensis Anemone (Starlet sea anemone) Model cnidarian 450 Mb[180] 24,435 (UniProt) Joint Genome Institute 2007[180]

[edit] Deuterostomia

[edit] Echinoderms

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Sea urchin Model deuterostome 814 Mb 23,300[181] Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium 2006[181]

[edit] Hemichordates

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Saccoglossus kowalevskii Acorn worm member of Hemichordata 21,432[182] Baylor Genome Institute 2009

[edit] Urochordates

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Ciona intestinalis Tunicate Reference organism 116.7 Mb 16,000[183] Joint Genome Institute 2003[183]
Ciona savignyi Tunicate Reference organism 174 Mb Broad Institute 2007[184]

[edit] Cephalochordates

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Branchiostoma floridae Lancelet Model chordate 520 Mb[185] 28,515 (UniProt) Joint Genome Institute 2008[185]

[edit] Cartilaginous Fish

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Callorhinchus milii Elephant shark Reference vertebrate 0.9 Gb 15,000[186] IMCB Singapore and others 2007 (survey 1.4x)

[edit] Bony Fish

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Danio rerio Zebrafish Model vertebrate 1.4 Gb 24,200[187] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute 2007
Gadus morhua Atlantic cod Food fish 608 Mb 20,095[188] Cod Genome Consortium 2011
Gasterosteus aculeatus Three-spined stickleback environmental genomics model organism 460 Mb[189] 20,800[189] Broad Inst., Stanford Human Genome Center 2006
Takifugu rubripes Puffer fish Vertebrate with small genome 390 Mb 22–29,000[190] International Fugu Genome Consortium[191] 2002[192]
Tetraodon nigroviridis Puffer fish Vertebrate with compact genome 340 Mb[193] 22,400 (orig.),[193] 27,823 (UniProt) Genoscope and the Broad Institute 2004[193]

[edit] Amphibians

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog Model vertebrate 1.7 Gb 28,000[194] DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010[195]

[edit] Reptiles and Birds

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Anolis carolinensis Green anole lizard First reptile sequenced 1.74 Gb[196] [197] Broad Institute[198] 2007 (6.3/6.8x)
Gallus gallus Chicken 1.08 Gb 17,000[199] International Chicken Genome Sequencing Consortium 2004[200]
Meleagris gallopavo Domesticated turkey Domestic 1.04 Gb[201] 17,500[201] Virginia Tech (Turkey Genome Sequencing Consortium) 2011[202]
Taeniopygia guttata Zebra finch Model vertebrate 1.2 Gb 18,447[203] Songbird Genomics Organization/Washington University Genome Sequencing Center 2010[204]

[edit] Mammals

Organism Type Shotgun Coverage Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Ailuropoda melanoleuca Giant panda 6.8x 2.4Gb[205] 19,300 Beijing Genomics Institute
Bos primigenius taurus Cow 6× 2.92 Gb 21,000[206] Cattle Genome Sequencing International Consortium 2009[207]
Callithrix jacchus Marmoset 6x 2.78 Gb 21,200[208] The Genome Center, Human Genome Center 2010
Canis lupus familiaris Dog 7.6× 2.4 Gb[209] 19,300[209] Broad Institute and Agencourt Bioscience 2005[209]
Cavia porcellus Guinea Pig 7× 2.72 Gb 18,650 The Genome Sequencing Platform, The Genome Assembly Team
Equus ferus caballus Horse 6.8× 2.1 Gb 20,436[210] Broad Institute et al. 2009[211]
Erinaceus europaeus Western European Hedgehog 2× [212] Broad Institute
Felis silvestris catus Cat 2× 3 Gb 20,285 The Genome Sequencing Platform, The Genome Assembly Team 2007[213]
Gorilla gorilla Gorilla 2x plus 35x 3.04 Gb 20,803[214] Sanger 2008,2010
Homo sapiens (
see also Category:Personal genome sequenced)		 Human 3.2 Gb[215] 20,251 (UniProt) Human Genome Project Consortium and Celera Genomics Draft 2001[216][217]
Complete 2006[218]
Loxodonta africana African Elephant 7× 3.2 Gb 20,000 Broad Institute 2009[219]
Macaca mulatta Rhesus Macaque 6× 3.09 Gb 21,800[220] Macaque Genome Sequencing Consortium 2007[221]
Monodelphis domestica Gray Short-tailed Opossum 6.8× 3.5 Gb 19,400[222] Broad Institute et al. 2007[223]
Mus musculus
Strain: C57BL/6J		 Mouse 2.5 Gb 22,700[224] International Collaboration for the Mouse Genome Sequencing[225] 2002[226]
Myotis lucifugus Little Brown Bat 7× 1.96 Gb 13,659 Broad Institute 2010[227]
Ornithorhynchus anatinus Platypus 6× 1.9 Gb 18.600[228] Washington University 2007[228]
Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit 7×[212] 2.7 Gb 19,000[229] Broad Institute et al. 2010
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee 4× plus 2x 3.35 Gb 19,700[230] Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium 2005[231]
Pongo pygmaeus/Pongo abelii Orangutan (Borneo/Sumatra) 5x 3.08 Gb 20,100[232] Institute for Molecular Biotechnology 2011[233]
Rattus norvegicus Rat 7× 2.8 Gb 23,000[234] Rat Genome Sequencing Project Consortium 2004[235]

[edit] Protostomia

[edit] Insects

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Acromyrmex echinatior
colony Ae372		 Ant (Panamanian leafcutter) BGI, China[236] 2011[237]
Acyrthosiphon pisum Aphid (Pea aphid) Important plant parasite 510 Mb <30,000[238] The International Aphid Genomics Consortium 2010[238]
Aedes aegypti
Strain:LVPib12		 Mosquito Vector of dengue fever, etc. 1376 Mb 15,419[239] Broad Institute and The Institute for Genomic Research 2007[239]
Anopheles gambiae
Strain: PEST		 Mosquito Vector of malaria 278 Mb 13,683[240] Celera Genomics and Genoscope 2002[240]
Anopheles gambiae
Strain: M		 Mosquito Vector of malaria J. Craig Venter Institute
Washington University		 2010[241]
Anopheles gambiae
Strain: S		 Mosquito Vector of malaria J. Craig Venter Institute 2010[241]
Apis mellifera Bee (Honey bee) Model for eusocial behavior 236 Mb 10,157[242] The Honeybee Genome Sequencing Consortium 2006[242]
Atta cephalotes Ant (Leaf-cutter ant) Reference organism 290 Mb 18,153[243] multicenter collaboration 2011[243]
Bombyx mori
Strain:p50T		 Moth (Domestic silk worm) Silk production 530 Mb University of Tokyo and National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2004[244]
Camponotus floridanus Ant Reference organism 240 Mb multicenter collaboration 2010[245]
Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquito Vector of West Nile virus, filariasis etc. 579 Mb 18,883 Broad Institute, J. Craig Venter Institute, and VectorBase 2010[246]
Drosophila ananassae Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila biarmipes Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila bipectinata Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila erecta Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila elegans Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila eugracilis Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila ficusphila Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila grimshawi Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila kikkawai Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly Model animal 165 Mb 13,600[249] Celera, UC Berkeley, Baylor College of Medicine, European DGP 2000[249]
Drosophila mojavensis Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila persimilis Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila pseudoobscura Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster 139 Mb 11,000,[250] 15,948 (UniProt) multicenter collaboration 2005[250]
Drosophila rhopaloa Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila santomea Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster 20??[251]
Drosophila sechellia Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila simulans Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila takahashi Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila modENCODE Project 2011[248]
Drosophila virilis Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila willistoni Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Drosophila yakuba Fruit fly Comparison to Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium 2007[247]
Herpegnathos saltator Ant Reference organism 330 Mb[245] multicenter collaboration 2010[245]
Linepithema humile Ant (Argentine ant) Invasive pest species 251 Mb[252] multicenter collaboration 2011[252]
Nasonia giraulti Wasp (Parasitoid wasp) Comparison to Nasonia vitripennis 295 Mb (draft) 18,000[253] The Nasonia Genome Working Group 2010[253]
Nasonia longicornis Wasp (Parasitoid wasp) Comparison to Nasonia vitripennis 295 Mb (draft) 18,000[253] The Nasonia Genome Working Group 2010[253]
Nasonia vitripennis Wasp (Parasitoid wasp) Model animal 295 Mb 18,000[253] The Nasonia Genome Working Group 2010[253]
Pediculus humanus Louse (Sucking louse) Parasite 108 Mb 10,773[254] multicenter collaboration 2010[254]
Pogonomyrmex barbatus Ant (red harvester ant) Reference organism 250-284 Mb[255] 17,177[255] multicenter collaboration 2011[255]
Solenopsis invicta Ant (fire ant) Pest 484 Mb[256] 16,569[256] multicenter collaboration 2011[256]
Tribolium castaneum
Strain:GA-2		 Beetle (Red flour beetle) Model beetle, pest 204 Mb 16,404[257] The Tribolium Genome Sequencing Consortium 2008[257]

[edit] Crustaceans

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Daphnia pulex Water flea Model organism 200 Mb[258] 30,907[258] Joint Genome Institute / Daphnia Genomics Consortium 2007[259][260][261]

[edit] Chelicerates

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Ixodes scapularis Tick (Deer tick) Human parasite, vector of meningitis and Lyme disease 2,1 Gb 20,381 (UniProt) Ixodes scapularis Genome Project Consortium 2008[262]
Tetranychus urticae Mite (Spider mite) Model organism 90 Mb[263] 18,414[263] The University of Western Ontario and others 2011[263]

[edit] Platyhelminthes

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Clonorchis sinensis Liver fluke Human pathogen ~644 Mb[264] 15,121[264] Sun Yat-sen University 2011 (draft)[264]
Schistosoma haematobium Schistosome Human pathogen 431-452 Mb[265] Multi-institute collaboration 2012[265]
Schistosoma japonicum Schistosome Human pathogen Multi-institute collaboration 2009[266]
Schistosoma mansoni Schistosome Human pathogen Multi-institute collaboration 2009[267]
Schmidtea mediterranea Planarian Model organism The Genome Institute at Washington University 2006[268][269]

[edit] Nematodes

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Ascaris suum Nematode worm Human pathogen 273 Mb 18,500[270] The University of Melbourne 2011[270]
Brugia malayi
Strain:TRS		 Nematode worm Human pathogen 90 Mb 11,500[271] The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) and the J. Craig Venter Institute 2007[271]
Caenorhabditis briggsae Nematode worm For comparison with C. elegans 104 Mb 19,500[272] Washington University, Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2003[272]
Caenorhabditis elegans
Strain:Bristol N2		 Nematode worm Model animal 100 Mb 19,000[273] Washington University and the Sanger Institute 1998[273]
Meloidogyne hapla Northern root-knot nematode Plant pathogen 54 Mb 14,420[274] 2008[274]
Meloidogyne incognita Southern root-knot nematode Plant pathogen 86 Mb 19,212[275] INRA, Genoscope and International M.incognita Genome Consortium[276] 2008[275]
Pristionchus pacificus Nematode worm Model invertebrate 169 Mb 23,500[277] Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology &

Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine

 2008[277]

[edit] Annelids

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Capitella teleta Polychaete member of lophotrochozoa 32,415[278] Joint Genome Institute 2007
Helobdella robusta Leech member of lophotrochozoa 23,432[279] Joint Genome Institute 2007

[edit] See also

[edit] References

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