List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

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This is a list of special elections to the United States House of Representatives. Such elections are called by state governors to fill the vacancies that occur when a member of the House of Representatives dies or resigns before the biennial general election. Winners of these elections serve the remainder of the term and are usually candidates in the next general election for their districts.

The general elections are held in November of even numbered years. New Congresses convened on March 4 of the following year until 1934. Since 1934, new Congresses have convened on January 3 of the following year.

Before 1935, the date when the House first met (or convened) was often fixed to be some time after the legal start of the Congress. It was common for the date of the first meeting to be in November or December of the odd numbered year.

The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress often erroneously assumes that the Representative-elect, who presented credentials for a seat when the Congress first convened was elected at a general election and dates the start of his/her term from the legal start of the Congress. The Directory also sometimes assumes that a Representative from the previous Congress who did not present credentials for the new one did not contest the general election; although in fact the incumbent Representative had been re-elected but vacated the seat while still was a Representative-elect to the new Congress that had not yet convened.

Contents

[edit] Key to symbols

* Date of election[1]

+ Date given for the start of the term, of the person elected at the special election (source: Congressional Biographical Directory). In some cases this is clearly wrong as the date of the legal start of the Congress is given, even though the member was elected at a later date.

^ Representative-elect, who vacated the seat before the start of the Congress.

# Representative-elect, who served after the start of the Congress but vacated the seat without being sworn in.

[edit] List of special elections

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
District Congress Date[2] Predecessor Winner
New Hampshire At-large 1st June 22, 1789[3]
March 4, 1789[4]		 Benjamin West[5] (Pro-Admin.) Abiel Foster (Pro-Admin.)
Virginia 9 1st July, 1790[3]
December 7, 1790[4]		 Theodorick Bland (Anti-Admin.) William B. Giles (Anti-Admin.)
Connecticut At-large 2nd December 16, 1790[3]
March 4, 1791[4]		 Pierpont Edwards[6] (Pro-Admin.) Jeremiah Wadsworth (Pro-Admin.)
New York 1 2nd April 26–28, 1791[3]
October 24, 1791[4]		 James Townsend[6] (Pro-Admin.) Thomas Tredwell (Anti-Admin)
Connecticut At-large 2nd September 19, 1791[3]
March 4, 1791[4]		 Roger Sherman[5] (Pro-Admin.) Amasa Learned (Pro-Admin.)
Maryland 3 2nd October 26–29, 1791[3]
February 6, 1792[4]		 William Pinkney (Pro-Admin.) John Francis Mercer (Anti-Admin)
Georgia 1 2nd July 9, 1792[3]
November 22, 1792[4]		 Anthony Wayne (Anti-Admin) John Milledge (Anti-Admin)
Maryland 2 2nd January 7–10, 1793[3]
January 30, 1793[4]		 Joshua Seney (Anti-Admin) William Hindman (Pro-Admin)
Connecticut At-large 3rd April 8, 1793[3][4] Jonathan Sturges[6] (Pro-Admin.) Uriah Tracy (Pro-Admin.)
Connecticut At-large 3rd September 16, 1793[3] Benjamin Huntington[5] (Pro-Admin.) Jonathan Ingersoll (Pro-Admin.)
Connecticut At-large
2 seats		 3rd November 11, 1793[3]
March 4, 1793[4]		 Stephen M. Mitchell[5] (Pro-Admin.)
Jonathan Ingersoll[5] (Pro-Admin.)		 Joshua Coit (Pro-Admin.)
Zephaniah Swift (Pro-Admin.)
Maryland 2 3rd May 5, 1794[3]
November 11, 1794[4]		 John Francis Mercer (Anti-Admin) Gabriel Duvall (Anti-Admin)
South Carolina 5 3rd October 13–14, 1794[3]
February, 1795[4]		 Alexander Gillon (Anti-Admin) Robert G. Harper (Pro-Admin)
South Carolina 2 4th January 19–20, 1795[3]
March 4, 1795[4]		 John Barnwell[6] (F) Wade Hampton (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 4th April 13, 1795[3]
March 4, 1795[4]		 Jonathan Trumbull[6] (F) Nathaniel Smith (F)
North Carolina 4 4th August 13–14, 1795[3]
March 4, 1795[4]		 Alexander Mebane[5] (D-R) Absalom Tatom (D-R)
Maryland 2 4th April 18, 1796[3]
May 5, 1796[4]		 Gabriel Duvall (D-R) Richard Sprigg (D-R)
Massachusetts 10 4th September 12, 1796[3]
December 7, 1796[4]		 Benjamin Goodhue (F) Samuel Sewall (F)
Connecticut At-large 4th September 19, 1796[3]
December 5, 1796[4]		 James Hillhouse (F) James Davenport (F)
Maryland 3 4th October 3, 1796[3]
December 5, 1796[4]		 Jeremiah Crabb (F) William Craik (F)
Pennsylvania 5 4th October 11, 1796[3]
December 8, 1796[4]		 Daniel Hiester (D-R) George Ege (F)
Rhode Island At-large 4th November 15, 1796[3][4] Benjamin Bourne (F) Elisha R. Potter (F)
Massachusetts 1 4th November 21, 1796[3]
January 27, 1797[4]		 Theodore Sedgwick (F) Thomson J. Skinner (D-R)
North Carolina 4 4th November 23, 1796[3]
November 28, 1796[4]		 Absalom Tatom (D-R) William Strudwick (F)
Connecticut At-large 4th December 5, 1796[3]
January 3, 1797[4]		 Uriah Tracy (F) Samuel W. Dana (F)
Rhode Island At-large 5th November 15, 1796[3]
March 4, 1797		 Elisha R. Potter[6] (F) Thomas Tillinghast (F)
Connecticut At-large
2 seats		 5th April 10, 1797[3]
March 4, 1797[4]		 Uriah Tracy[6] (F)
Zephaniah Swift[5] (F)		 John Allen (F)
James Davenport (F)
Vermont 2 5th May 23, 1797[3]
March 4, 1797[4]		 Daniel Buck[5] (F) Lewis R. Morris (F)
Massachusetts 11 5th August 4, 1797[3]
November 27, 1797[4]		 Theophilus Bradbury (F) Bailey Bartlett (F)
Rhode Island At-large 5th August 29, 1797[3]
November 13, 1797[4]		 Elisha R. Potter (F) Thomas Tillinghast (F)
South Carolina 1 5th September 4–5, 1797[3]
November 23, 1797[4]		 William L. Smi (F) Thomas Pinckney (F)
Connecticut At-large 5th September 18, 1797[3]
November 13, 1797[4]		 James Davenport (F) William Edmond (F)
Pennsylvania 5 5th October 10, 1797[3]
December 1, 1797[4]		 George Ege (F) Joseph Hiester (D-R)
New Hampshire At-large 5th October 30, 1797[3]
December 15, 1797[4]		 Jeremiah Smith (F) Peleg Sprague (F)
North Carolina 10 5th August 2, 1798[3]
December 10, 1798[4]		 Nathan Bryan (D-R) Richard D. Spaight (D-R)
Pennsylvania 1 5th October 9, 1798[3]
December 3, 1798[4]		 John Swanwick (D-R) Robert Waln (F)
Pennsylvania 4 5th October 9, 1798[3]
December 4, 1798[4]		 Samuel Sitgreaves (F) Robert Brown (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 5th October 22, 1798[3]
December 3, 1798[4]		 Joshua Coit (F) Jonathan Brace (F)
Virginia 9 5th November 1, 1798[3]
December 3, 1798[4]		 William B. Giles (D-R) Joseph Eggleston (D-R)
Maryland 7 6th November 29, 1798[3]
March 4, 1799[4]		 Joshua Seney[6] (D-R) Joseph H. Nicholson (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 6th September 16, 1799[3]
March 4, 1799[4]		 John Allen[5] (F) Elizur Goodrich (F)
New Hampshire At-large 6th November 18, 1799[3]
March 4, 1799[4]		 Peleg Sprague[5] (F) James Sheafe (F)
New York 1 6th December 27–29, 1799[3]
February 6, 1800[4]		 Jonathan N. Havens[5] (D-R) John Smi (D-R)
Virginia 13 6th July 31, 1800[3]
November 26, 1800[4]		 John Marshall (F) Littleton W. Tazewell (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 6th September 15, 1800[3]
November 17, 1800[4]		 Jonathan Brace (F) John C. Smi (F)
Massachusetts 10 6th October 20, 1800[3]
November 25, 1800[4]		 Samuel Sewall (F) Nathan Read (F)
New Hampshire At-large 6th October 27, 1800[3]
December 8, 1800[4]		 William Gordon (F) Samuel Tenney (F)
Massachusetts 3 6th December 15, 1800[3]
February 2, 1801[4]		 Samuel Lyman (F) Ebenezer Mattoon (F)
Massachusetts 4 6th December 15, 1800[3][4] Dwight Foster (F) Levi Lincoln (D-R)
Pennsylvania 8 6th January 15, 1801[3][4] Thomas Hartley (F) John Stewart (D-R)
Georgia At-large 7th March 23, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 James Jones[6] (D-R) John Milledge (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 7th April 9, 1801[3]
May 14, 1801[4]		 Elizur Goodrich[6] (F) Calvin Goddard (F)
Massachusetts 14 7th June 22, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 George Thatcher[5] (F) Richard Cutts (D-R)
North Carolina 8 7th August 6–7, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 David Stone[6] (D-R) Charles Johnson (D-R)
Massachusetts 4 7th August 24, 1801[3]
August 24, 1801[4]		 Levi Lincoln[5] (D-R) Seth Hastings (F)
Connecticut At-large 7th September 21, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 William Edmond[5] (F) Benjamin Tallmadge (F)
New York 5 7th October 6–8, 1801[3]
October 6, 1801[4]		 Thomas Tillotson[5] (D-R) Theodorus Bailey (D-R)
New York 6 7th October 6–8, 1801[3]
October 6, 1801[4]		 John Bird[5] (F) John P. Van Ness (D-R)
Pennsylvania 4 7th October 13, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 J.P.G. Muhlenberg[5] (D-R) Isaac Van Horne (D-R)
Pennsylvania 12 7th October 13, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 Albert Gallatin[5] (D-R) William Hoge (D-R)
Tennessee At-large 7th October 29–30, 1801[3]
March 4, 1801[4]		 William C.C. Claiborne[5] (D-R) William Dickson (D-R)
Maryland 2 7th March 2, 1802[3]
March 24, 1802[4]		 Richard Sprigg (D-R) Walter Bowie (D-R)
Georgia At-large 7th April 5, 1802[3]
December 6, 1802[4]		 Benjamin Taliaferro (D-R) David Meriwether (D-R)
South Carolina 4 7th April 12–13, 1802[3]
January 24, 1803[4]		 Thomas Sumter (D-R) Richard Winn (D-R)
Massachusetts 12 7th July 29, 1802[3]
December 6, 1802[4]		 Silas Lee[5] (F) Samuel Thatcher (F)
New Hampshire At-large 7th August 30, 1802[3]
December 6, 1802[4]		 Joseph Peirce (F) Samuel Hunt (F)
North Carolina 8 7th October 15, 1802[3]
December 7, 1802[4]		 Charles Johnson (D-R) Thomas Wynns (D-R)
Georgia At-large 7th December 15, 1802[3]
January 10, 1803[4]		 John Milledge[6] (D-R) Peter Early (D-R)
New York 7 8th April 26–28, 1803[3]
April 28, 1803[4]		 John Cantine[6] (F) Josiah Hasbrouck (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 8th September 5, 1803[3]
March 4, 1803[4]		 Elias Perkins[5] (F) Simeon Baldwin (F)
New York 6 8th September 14–16, 1803[3]
October 17, 1803[4]		 Isaac Bloom[5] (D-R) Daniel C. Verplanck (D-R)
Georgia At-large 8th October 3, 1803[3]
March 4, 1803[4]		 John Milledge[6] (D-R) Joseph Bryan (D-R)
New York 1 8th April 24–26, 1804[3]
November 5, 1804[4]		 John Smith (D-R) Samuel Riker (D-R)
Massachusetts 12 8th September 17, 1804[3]
November 5, 1804[4]		 Thomson J. Skinner (D-R) Simon Larned (D-R)
Virginia 13 8th October, 1804[3]
November 5, 1804[4]		 John Johns Trigg (D-R) Christopher H. Clark (D-R)
Maryland 4 8th October 1, 1804[3]
November 6, 1804[4]		 Daniel Hiester (D-R) Roger Nelson (D-R)
Pennsylvania 10 8th November 2, 1804[3][4] William Hoge (D-R) John Hoge (D-R)
Virginia 5 8th November 13, 1804[3]
December 4, 1804[4]		 Andrew Moore (D-R) Alexander Wilson (D-R)
New York 3 8th January 2–4, 1805[3]
February 14, 1805[4]		 Samuel L. Mitchill (D-R) George Clinton (D-R)
New York 2nd & 3 9th September 11–13, 1804[3]
March 4, 1805[4]		 Daniel D. Tompkins[6] (D-R) Gurdon S. Mumford (D-R)
New York 2nd & 3 9th January 2–4, 1805[3]
March 4, 1805		 Samuel L. Mitchill[6] (D-R) George Clinton (D-R)
North Carolina 5 9th August 8, 1805[3]
March 4, 1805[4]		 James Gillespie[6] (D-R) Thomas Kenan (D-R)
Connecticut At-large
2 seats		 9th September 16, 1805[3][4] Calvin Goddard[5] (F)
Roger Griswold[5] (F)		 Timothy Pitkin (F)
Lewis B. Sturges (F)
South Carolina 8 9th September 26–27, 1805[3]
March 4, 1805[4]		 John B. Earle[5] (D-R) Elias Earle (D-R)
Delaware At-large 9th October 1, 1805[3]
March 4, 1805[4]		 James A. Bayard[5] (F) James M. Broom (F)
Pennsylvania 4 9th October 8, 1805[3]
November 7, 1805[4]		 John A. Hanna[5] (D-R) Robert Whitehill (D-R)
Pennsylvania 11 9th October 8, 1805[3]
November 7, 1805[4]		 John B. Lucas[5] (D-R) Samuel Smith (D-R)
North Carolina 10 9th January 23–24, 1806[3]
February 24, 1806[4]		 Nathaniel Alexander[5] (D-R) Evan S. Alexander (D-R)
Georgia At-large 9th September 1, 1806[3][4] Joseph Bryan (D-R) Dennis Smelt (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 9th September 15, 1806[3]
December 1, 1806[4]		 John C. Smith (F) Theodore Dwight (F)
Maryland 7 9th September 27/October 4,
1806[3];December 3, 1806[4]		 Joseph H. Nicholson (D-R) Edward Lloyd (D-R)
Virginia 13 9th November, 1806[3]
December 1, 1806[4]		 Christopher H. Clark (D-R) William A. Burwell (D-R)
Pennsylvania 1 9th November 27, 1806[3]
December 8, 1806[4]		 Michael Leib (D-R) John Porter (D-R)
Georgia At-large 9th December 1, 1806[3]
January 26, 1807[4]		 Thomas Spalding (D-R) William W. Bibb (D-R)
South Carolina 6 10th June 1–2, 1807[3]
June 2, 1807[4]		 Levi Casey[6] (D-R) Joseph C. Calhoun (D-R)
Massachusetts 12 10th July 13, 1807[3]
September 16, 1807[4]		 Barnabas Bidwell[5] (D-R) Ezekiel Bacon (D-R)
Delaware At-large 10th October 6, 1807[3][4] James M. Broom[5] (F) Nicholas Van Dyke (F)
North Carolina 7 10th February 1, 1808[3]
February 23, 1808[4]		 John Culpepper (F) John Culpepper (F)
New Jersey At-large 10th March 8–9, 1808[3]
March 8, 1808[4]		 Ezra Darby (D-R) Adam Boyd (D-R)
New York 12 10th April 26–28, 1808[3]
June 3, 1808[4]		 David Thomas (D-R) Nathan Wilson (D-R)
Massachusetts 2 10th May 4, 1808[3]
May 23, 1808[4]		 Jacob Crowninshield (D-R) Joseph Story (D-R)
Rhode Island At-large 10th August 30, 1808[3]
November 11, 1808[4]		 Nehemiah Knight (D-R) Richard Jackson, Jr. (F)
Vermont 1[7] 10th September 6, 1808[3][4] James Witherell (D-R) Samuel Shaw (D-R)
Virginia 17 10th September 8, 12, 26, 1808[3]
November 7, 1808[4]		 John Claiborne (D-R) Thomas Gholson, Jr. (D-R)
Pennsylvania 1 10th October 11, 1808[3]
November 16, 1808[4]		 Joseph Clay (D-R) Benjamin Say (D-R)
Pennsylvania 1 11th October 10, 1809[3][4] Benjamin Say (D-R) Adam Seybert (D-R)
Virginia 21 11th December, 1809[3]
January 17, 1810[4]		 Wilson C. Nicholas (D-R) David S. Garland (D-R)
New York 2 11th April 24–26, 1810[3]
December 4, 1810[4]		 William Denning[5] (D-R) Samuel L. Mitchill (D-R)
Kentucky 5 11th August 6, 1810[3]
August 8, 1810[4]		 Benjamin Howa (D-R) William T. Barry (D-R)
Connecticut At-large 11th September 17, 1810[3]
October 11, 1810[4]		 Samuel W. Dana (F) Ebenezer Huntington (F)
Maryland 4 11th October 1, 1810[3]
October 15, 1810[4]		 Roger Nelson (D-R) Samuel Ringgold (D-R)
New Jersey At-large 11th October 30–31, 1810[3]
October 31, 1810[4]		 James Cox (D-R) John A. Scudder (D-R)
Massachusetts 10 11th October 8, 1810[3][4] Jabez Upham (F) Joseph Allen (F)
Massachusetts 11 11th October 8, 1810[3][4] William Stedman (F) Abijah Bigelow (F)
Virginia 1 11th November, 1810[3]
December 21, 1810[4]		 John G. Jackson (D-R) William McKinley (D-R)
Maryland 7 11th November 15, 1810[3]
November 29, 1810[4]		 John Brown (D-R) Robert Wright (D-R)
South Carolina 1 11th December 31, 1810[3][4] Robert Marion (D-R) Langdon Cheves (D-R)
Maryland 7 12th November 15, 1810[3][8]
March 4, 1811		 John Brown[6] (D-R) Robert Wright (D-R)
Maryland 6 12th October 2, 1811[3]
October 26, 1810[4]		 John Montgomery[5] (D-R) Stevenson Archer (D-R)
Massachusetts 4 12th November 4, 1811[3][4] Joseph B. Varnum[5] (D-R) William M. Richardson (D-R)
Massachusetts 17 12th April 6, 1812[3][4] Barzillai Gannett[5] (D-R) Francis Carr (D-R)
Georgia At-large 12th October 5, 1812[3][4] Howell Cobb (D-R) William Barnett (D-R)
New York 6 12th December 15–17, 1812[3]
January 29, 1813[4]		 Robert L. Livingston (F) Thomas P. Grosvenor (F)
North Carolina 3 12th January 11, 1813[3]
January 30, 1813[4]		 Thomas Blount (D-R) William Kennedy (D-R)
Pennsylvania 13 13th February 16, 1813[3]
May 24, 1813[4]		 John Smilie[6] (D-R) Isaac Griffin (D-R)
Ohio 6 13th April 20, 1813[3]
April 20, 1813[4]		 John S. Edwards[6] (F) Reasin Beall (D-R)
New York 15 13th April 27–29, 1813[3]
May 26, 1813[4]		 William Dowse[6] (F) John M. Bowers[9] (F)
Kentucky 8 13th April 29, 1813[3]
April 20, 1813[4]		 John Simpson[6] (D-R) Stephen Ormsby (D-R)
Pennsylvania 15 13th May 4, 1813[3][4] Abner Lacock[6] (D-R) Thomas Wilson (D-R)
Ohio 3 13th May 10, 1813[3]
May 4, 1813[4]		 Duncan McArthur[5] (D-R) William Creighton (D-R)
Pennsylvania 5 13th May 11, 1813[3][4] Robert Whitehill[5] (D-R) John Rea (D-R)
Pennsylvania 3 13th October 12, 1813[3][4] John Gloninger (F) Edward Crouch (D-R)
Pennsylvania 7 13th October 12, 1813[3][4] John M. Hyneman (D-R) Daniel Udree (D-R)
Georgia At-large 13th December 13, 1813[3][4] William W. Bibb (D-R) Alfred Cuthbert (D-R)
New York 2 13th December 28–30, 1813[3]
January 22, 1814[4]		 Egbert Benson (F) William Irving (D-R)
Kentucky 2 13th February 28, 1814[3]
March 29, 1814[4]		 Henry Clay (D-R) Joseph H. Hawkins (D-R)
Massachusetts 4 13th May 23, 1814[3]
September 22, 1814[4]		 William M. Richardson (D-R) Samuel Dana (D-R)
Virginia 11 13th June, 1814[3]
September 19, 1814[4]		 John Dawson (D-R) Philip P. Barbour (D-R)
Massachusetts 12 13th August 4, 1814[3]
September 26, 1814[4]		 Daniel Dewey (F) John W. Hulbert (F)
New Hampshire At-large 13th August 29, 1814[3] Samuel Smith (F) vacant [10]
Tennessee 5 13th September 15–16, 1814[3]
September 16, 1814[4]		 Felix Grundy (D-R) Newton Cannon (D-R)
New Jersey At-large 13th October 10–11, 1814[3]
November 2, 1814[4]		 Jacob Hufty [11] (F) Thomas Bines (D-R)
Ohio 6 13th October 11, 1814[3][4] Reasin Beall (D-R) David Clendenin (D-R)
Pennsylvania 2 13th October 11, 1814[3][4] Jonathan Roberts (D-R) Samuel Henderson (F)
Pennsylvania 3 13th October 11, 1814[3][4] James Whitehill (D-R) Amos Slaymaker (F)
Massachusetts 11 14th December 2, 1816 Elijah Brigham (F) Benjamin Adams (F)
Massachusetts 20 15th November 4, 1818 Albion K. Parris (D-R) Enoch Lincoln (D-R)
Massachusetts 13 16th August 21, 1820 Edward Dowse (D-R) William Eustis (D-R)
Delaware At-large 17th October 1, 1822 Caesar A. Rodney (D-R) Daniel Rodney (F)
Maine 2 17th December 2, 1822 Ezekiel Whitman (F) Mark Harris (D-R)
Massachusetts 10 18th December 13, 1824 None[12] John Bailey (D-R)
Vermont 3 18th December 13, 1824 Charles Rich (D-R) Henry Olin (D-R)
Maine 5 19th September 11, 1826 Enoch Lincoln (D-R) James W. Ripley (J)
Maine 1 20th September 10, 1827 William Burleigh (N-R) Rufus McIntire (J)
Georgia 1 20th October 1, 1827 Edward Fenwick Tattnall[13] (J) George Rockingham Gilmer (J)
Georgia 2 20th October 1, 1827 John Forsyth (J) Richard Henry Wilde (J)
Delaware At-large 20th October 2, 1827 Louis McLane (F) Kensey Johns, Jr. (F)
Maine 4 21st July 20, 1829 Peleg Sprague (N-R) George Evans (N-R)
Maine 5 21st December 6, 1830 James W. Ripley (J) Cornelius Holland (J)
Vermont 2 22nd November 1, 1831 Rollin Carolas Mallary (N-R) William Slade (A-M)
Vermont 1 22nd January 1, 1833 Jonathan Hunt (N-R) Hiland Hall (N-R)
Vermont 5 23rd November 10, 1834 Benjamin F. Deming (A-M) Henry Fisk Janes (A-M)
Maine 3 25th April 28, 1838 Jonathan Cilley (D) Edward Robinson (W)
Maine 5 25th May 29, 1838 Timothy J. Carter (D) Virgil D. Parris (D)
Maine 4 27th May 31, 1841 George Evans (W) David Bronson (W)
Georgia 3 29th January 5, 1846 None[14] George W. Towns (D)
Vermont 3 31st November 7, 1849 George Perkins Marsh (W) James Meacham (W)
Georgia 1 31st February 4, 1850 Thomas Butler King (W) Joseph Webber Jackson (D)
Massachusetts 1 31st August 22, 1850 Robert C. Winthrop (W) Samuel A. Eliot (W)
New Hampshire 3 31st October 8, 1850 James Wilson II (W) George W. Morrison (D)
Maine 4 32nd June 25, 1852 Charles Andrews (D) Isaac Reed (W)
Massachusetts 1 33rd April 17, 1854 Zeno Scudder (W) Thomas D. Eliot (W)
Vermont 1 34th January 3, 1856 James Meacham (O) George Tisdale Hodges (R)
Maine 5 36th November 6, 1860 Israel Washburn, Jr. (R) Stephen Coburn (R)
Maine 2 37th December 1, 1862 Charles W. Walton (R) Thomas Fessenden (R)
Delaware At-large 38th November 19, 1863 William Temple (D) Nathaniel B. Smithers (R)
Massachusetts 7 41st November 2, 1869 George S. Boutwell (R) George M. Brooks (R)
North Carolina 4 41st August 4, 1870 John T. Deweese (R) Robert B. Gilliam (D) [15]
North Carolina 4 41st November 26, 1870 John T. Deweese (R) John Manning, Jr. (D)
South Carolina 1 41st December 12, 1870 Benjamin F. Whittemore (R) Joseph Rainey (R)
Georgia 4 41st December 22, 1870 Samuel F. Gove (R) Jefferson F. Long (R)
Georgia 4 42nd October 29, 1872 Thomas J. Speer (R) Erasmus W. Beck (D)
Georgia 8 43rd December 1, 1873 None[16] Alexander H. Stephens (D)
Oregon At-large 43rd December 1, 1873 Joseph G. Wilson (R) James W. Nesmith (D)
Georgia 9 44th May 5, 1875 None[17] Benjamin Harvey Hill (D)
Maine 4 44th September 13, 1875 Samuel F. Hersey (R) Harris M. Plaisted (R)
Oregon At-large 44th December 6, 1875 None[18] Lafayette Lane (D)
Maine 3 44th December 4, 1876 James G. Blaine (R) Edwin Flye (R)
Georgia 9 45th April 13, 1877 Benjamin Harvey Hill (D) Hiram Parks Bell (D)
Nebraska At-large 45th November 5, 1878 Frank Welch (R) Thomas Jefferson Majors (R)
Georgia 1 46th February 10, 1879 Julian Hartridge (D) William Bennett Fleming (D)
New Hampshire 3 46th January 8, 1881 Evarts Worcester Farr (R) Ossian Ray (R)
Maine 2 47th September 12, 1881 William P. Frye (R) Nelson Dingley, Jr. (R)
Rhode Island 1 47th November 22, 1881 Nelson W. Aldrich (R) Henry J. Spooner (R)
Georgia 8 47th November 8, 1882 Alexander H. Stephens (D) Seaborn Reese (D)
West Virginia 3 48th May 15, 1883 John E. Kenna (D) Charles P. Snyder (D)
Rhode Island 2 48th February 5, 1885 Jonathan Chace (R) Nathan F. Dixon III (R)
Rhode Island 2 49th February 21, 1887 None[19] Charles H. Page (D)
Nebraska 2 50th November 5, 1889 James Laird (R) Gilbert L. Laws (R)
South Dakota At-large 52nd November 3, 1891 John Rankin Gamble (R) John L. Jolley (R)
California 3 52nd November 8, 1892 Joseph McKenna (R) Samuel G. Hilborn (R)
Rhode Island 2 53rd April 5, 1893 None[20] Charles H. Page (D)
Georgia 10 54th October 2, 1895 James C. C. Black (D) James C. C. Black[21] (D)
Georgia 3 54th December 16, 1896 Charles Frederick Crisp (D) Charles R. Crisp (D)
Maine 3 55th June 21, 1897 Seth L. Milliken (R) Edwin C. Burleigh (R)
Massachusetts 13 55th May 31, 1898 John Simpkins (R) William S. Greene (R)
Maine 2 56th June 19, 1899 Nelson Dingley, Jr. (R) Charles E. Littlefield (R)
Maine 1 56th November 6, 1899 Thomas Brackett Reed (R) Amos L. Allen (R)
Nebraska 6 56th November 7, 1899 William Laury Greene (P) William Neville (P)
Utah At-large 56th April 25, 1900 None[22] William H. King (D)
California 2 56th November 6, 1900 Marion De Vries (D) Samuel D. Woods (R)
Delaware At-large 56th November 6, 1900 John H. Hoffecker (R) Walter O. Hoffecker (R)
Maine 4 57th April 8, 1901 Charles A. Boutelle (R) Llewellyn Powers (R)
Oregon 1 58th June 1, 1903 None[23] Binger Hermann (R)
California 3 58th November 8, 1904 Victor H. Metcalf (R) Joseph R. Knowland (R)
West Virginia 2 59th June 6, 1905 Alston G. Dayton (R) Thomas Beall Davis (D)
Nebraska 1 59th July 18, 1905 Elmer Burkett (R) Ernest M. Pollard (R)
Georgia 1 59th November 6, 1906 Rufus E. Lester (D) James W. Overstreet (D)
California 1 59th November 6, 1906 James Gillett (R) William F. Englebright (R)
Maine 2 60th November 3, 1908 Charles E. Littlefield (R) John P. Swasey (R)
Maine 4 60th November 3, 1908 Llewellyn Powers (R) Frank E. Guernsey (R)
South Dakota At-large 60th November 3, 1908 William H. Parker (R) Eben Martin (R)
Georgia 2 61st February 6, 1910 James M. Griggs (D) Seaborn Roddenbery (D)
Nebraska 3 62nd November 7, 1911 James P. Latta (D) Dan V. Stephens (D)
Vermont 1 62nd July 30, 1912 David J. Foster (R) Frank L. Greene (R)
Maine 3 63rd September 9, 1913 Forrest Goodwin (R) John A. Peters (R)
West Virginia 1 63rd October 14, 1913 John W. Davis (D) Matthew M. Neely (D)
Georgia 2 63rd November 4, 1913 Seaborn Roddenbery (D) Frank Park (D)
Georgia 10 63rd November 3, 1914 Thomas W. Hardwick (D) Carl Vinson (D)
West Virginia 2 64th May 9, 1916 William Gay Brown, Jr. (D) George Meade Bowers (R)
California 10 64th November 7, 1916 William Stephens (R) Henry S. Benedict (R)
West Virginia 4 64th November 7, 1916 Hunter Holmes Moss, Jr. (R) Harry C. Woodyard (R)
Georgia 8 64th January 11, 1917 Samuel Joelah Tribble (D) Tinsley W. Rucker, Jr. (D)
New Hampshire 1 65th May 29, 1917 Cyrus A. Sulloway (R) Sherman Everett Burroughs (R)
North Dakota 1 65th July 10, 1917 Henry Thomas Helgesen (R) John Miller Baer (R)
Georgia 4 65th January 16, 1918 William C. Adamson (D) William C. Wright (D)
Alaska Territory At-large 66th June 5, 1919 Disputed[24] George Barnes Grigsby (D)
California 9 67th February 15, 1921 None[25] Walter F. Lineberger (R)
Maine 3 67th March 20, 1922 John A. Peters (R) John E. Nelson (R)
Hawaii Territory At-large 67th March 25, 1922 Jonah Kūhiō Kalaniana'ole (R) Henry Alexander Baldwin (R)
California 6 67th November 7, 1922 John A. Elston (R) James H. MacLafferty (R)
Nebraska 1 67th November 7, 1922 C. Frank Reavis (R) Roy H. Thorpe (R)
Nebraska 6 67th November 7, 1922 Moses Kinkaid (R) Augustin Reed Humphrey (R)
California 1 68th January 23, 1923 None[26] Mae Nolan (R)
California 10 68th May 1, 1923 Henry Z. Osborne (R) John D. Fredericks (R)
Vermont 2 68th November 6, 1923 Porter H. Dale (R) Ernest Willard Gibson (R)
North Dakota 2 68th November 4, 1924 George M. Young (R) Thomas Hall (R)
California 2 69th August 31, 1926 John E. Raker (D) Harry Lane Englebright (R)
California 5 69th August 31, 1926 Lawrence J. Flaherty (R) Richard J. Welch (R)
Oregon 3 70th October 18, 1927 Maurice E. Crumpacker (R) Franklin F. Korell (R)
Oregon 2 70th November 6, 1928 Nicholas J. Sinnott (R) Robert R. Butler (R)
Georgia 5 71st October 2, 1929 Leslie Jasper Steele (D) Robert Ramspeck (D)
Rhode Island 3 71st November 4, 1930 Jeremiah E. O'Connell (D) Francis Condon (D)
West Virginia 4 71st November 4, 1930 James A. Hughes (R) Robert Lynn Hogg (R)
Georgia 1 72nd September 9, 1931 Charles Gordon Edwards (D) Homer C. Parker (D)
New Hampshire 1 72nd January 5, 1932 Fletcher Hale (R) William Nathaniel Rogers (D)
Georgia 6 72nd March 2, 1932 Samuel Rutherford (D) Carlton Mobley (D)
Georgia 3 72nd November 8, 1932 Charles R. Crisp (D) Bryant Thomas Castellow (D)
Georgia 10 73rd July 5, 1933 Charles Hillyer Brand (D) Paul Brown (D)
Arizona At-large 73rd October 3, 1933 Lewis W. Douglas (D) Isabella S. Greenway (D)
West Virginia 3 73rd November 28, 1933 Lynn Hornor (D) Andrew Edmiston, Jr. (D)
Vermont At-large 73rd January 16, 1934 Ernest Willard Gibson (R) Charles Albert Plumley (R)
Rhode Island 1 74th August 6, 1935 Francis Condon (D) Charles Risk (R)
California 5 75th May 4, 1937 Henry E. Stubbs (D) Alfred J. Elliott (D)
Ohio 4 75th November 8, 1938 Frank L. Kloeb (D) Walter H. Albaugh (R)
Georgia 4 76th August 1, 1939 Emmett Marshall Owen (D) Albert Sidney Camp (D)
Nebraska 1 76th April 19, 1940 George H. Heinke (R) John Hyde Sweet (R)
Maine 2 76th June 3, 1940 Clyde Smith (R) Margaret Chase Smith (R)
Georgia 8 76th October 1, 1940 W. Benjamin Gibbs (D) Florence Reville Gibbs (D)
Mississippi 2 77th November, 1941 Wall Doxey (D) Jamie Whitten (D)
California 17 77th August 25, 1942 Lee E. Geyer (D) Cecil R. King (D)
California 2 78th August 31, 1943 Harry Lane Englebright (R) Clair Engle (D)
Pennsylvania 2 78th January 18, 1944 James P. McGranery (D) Joseph M. Pratt (R)
New York 11 78th June 6, 1944 James A. O'Leary (D) Ellsworth B. Buck (R)
Montana 2 79th June 5, 1945 James F. O'Connor (D) Wesley A. D'Ewart (R)
Oregon 1 79th January 18, 1946 James W. Mott (R) A. Walter Norblad (R)
Georgia 5 79th February 12, 1946 Robert Ramspeck (D) Helen Douglas Mankin (D)
Ohio 4 80th November 4, 1947 Robert Franklin Jones (R) William M. McCulloch (R)
California 5 81st November 8, 1949 Richard J. Welch (R) John F. Shelley (D)
West Virginia 5 82nd July 17, 1951 John Kee (D) Elizabeth Kee (D)
Maine 3 82nd October 22, 1951 Frank Fellows (R) Clifford McIntire (R)
Ohio 3 82nd November 6, 1951 Edward G. Breen (D) Paul F. Schenck (R)
Nebraska 3 82nd December 4, 1951 Karl Stefan (R) Robert Dinsmore Harrison (R)
Georgia 2 83rd February 4, 1953 Edward E. Cox (D) J. L. Pilcher (D)
California 24 83rd November 10, 1953 Norris Poulson (R) Glenard P. Lipscomb (R)
Hawaii Territory At-large 83rd July 31, 1954 Joseph Rider Farrington (R) Elizabeth P. Farrington (R)
Georgia 4 83rd November 2, 1954 Albert Sidney Camp (D) John James Flynt, Jr. (D)
Michigan 15 84th December 13, 1955 John D. Dingell, Sr. (D) John D. Dingell, Jr. (D)
Georgia 7 85th January 8, 1958 Henderson Lovelace Lanham (D) Harlan Erwin Mitchell (D)
Pennsylvania 2 85th May 20, 1958 Earl Chudoff (D) Robert Nix (D)
Arizona 2 87th May 2, 1961 Stewart Lee Udall (D) Mo Udall (D)
Texas 4 87th January 30, 1962 Sam Rayburn (D) Ray Roberts (D)
California 1 88th January 22, 1963 None[27] Donald H. Clausen (R)
California 23 88th June 11, 1963 Clyde Doyle (D) Del M. Clawson (R)
North Dakota 1 88th October 22, 1963 Hjalmar Carl Nygaard (R) Mark Andrews (R)
California 37 88th February 18, 1964 John F. Shelley (D) Phillip Burton (D)
Oregon 1 88th November 3, 1964 A. Walter Norblad (R) Wendell Wyatt[28] (R)
California 26 89th December 15, 1965 James Roosevelt (D) Thomas M. Rees (D)
California 14 89th June 7, 1966 John F. Baldwin, Jr. (R) Jerome R. Waldie (D)
Rhode Island 2 90th March 28, 1967 None[29] Robert Tiernan (D)
California 11 90th December 12, 1967 J. Arthur Younger (R) Pete McCloskey (R)
New York 13 90th February 20, 1968 Abraham J. Multer (D) Bertram L. Podell (D)
Mississippi 3 90th March 12, 1968 John Bell Williams (D) Charles H. Griffin (D)
Texas 3 90th August 24, 1968 Joe R. Pool (D) James M. Collins (R)
Pennsylvania 20 90th November 5, 1968 Elmer J. Holland (D) Joseph M. Gaydos[28] (D)
Tennessee 8 91st March 25, 1969 Robert A. Everett (D) Ed Jones (D)
Wisconsin 7 91st April 1, 1969 Melvin R. Laird (R) David R. Obey (D)
California 27 91st April 29, 1969 Ed Reinecke (R) Barry Goldwater, Jr. (R)
Montana 2 91st June 24, 1969 James Franklin Battin (R) John Melcher (D)
Massachusetts 6 91st September 30, 1969 William H. Bates (R) Michael J. Harrington (D)
New Jersey 8 91st November 4, 1969 Charles S. Joelson (D) Robert A. Roe (D)
Illinois 13 91st November 25, 1969 Donald Rumsfeld (R) Phil Crane (R)
California 15 91st June 30, 1970 James B. Utt (R) John G. Schmitz (R)
California 24 91st June 30, 1970 Glenard P. Lipscomb (R) John H. Rousselot (R)
Connecticut 2 91st November 3, 1970 William St. Onge (D) Robert H. Steele (R)
New Jersey 6 91st November 3, 1970 William T. Cahill (R) Edwin B. Forsythe (R)
Ohio 19 91st November 3, 1970 Michael J. Kirwan (D) Charles J. Carney (D)
Pennsylvania 9 91st November 3, 1970 G. Robert Watkins (R) John Ware (R)
Illinois 6 91st December 3, 1970 Daniel J. Ronan (D) George W. Collins (D)
South Carolina 1 92nd April 27, 1971 None[30] Mendel J. Davis (D)
Maryland 1 92nd May 25, 1971 Rogers Morton (R) William O. Mills (R)
Pennsylvania 18 92nd November 2, 1971 Robert J. Corbett (R) H. John Heinz III (R)
Kentucky 6 92nd December 4, 1971 John C. Watts (D) William P. Curlin, Jr. (D)
Vermont At-large 92nd January 7, 1972 Robert Stafford (R) Richard W. Mallary (R)
Alabama 3 92nd April 4, 1972 George W. Andrews (D) Elizabeth B. Andrews (D)
Illinois 15 92nd April 4, 1972 Charlotte T. Reid (R) Cliffard D. Carlson (R)
Pennsylvania 27 92nd April 25, 1972 James G. Fulton (R) William S. Conover (R)
Louisiana 7 92nd September 30, 1972 Edwin Edwards (D) John Breaux (D)
Virginia 6 92nd November 7, 1972 Richard H. Poff (R) M. Caldwell Butler[28] (R)
Alaska At-large 93rd March 6, 1973 None[31] Don Young (R)
Louisiana 2 93rd March 20, 1973 Hale Boggs (D) Lindy Boggs (D)
Illinois 7 93rd June 5, 1973 George W. Collins (D) Cardiss Collins (D)
Maryland 1 93rd August 21, 1973 William O. Mills (R) Robert Bauman (R)
Pennsylvania 12 93rd February 5, 1974 John P. Saylor (R) John Murtha (D)
Michigan 5 93rd February 18, 1974 Gerald Ford (R) Richard VanderVeen (D)
California 13 93rd June 4, 1974 Charles M. Teague (R) Robert J. Lagomarsino (R)
Ohio 1 93rd March 5, 1974 William J. Keating (R) Thomas A. Luken (D)
Michigan 8 93rd April 16, 1974 R. James Harvey (R) J. Bob Traxler (D)
California 6 93rd June 4, 1974 William S. Mailliard (R) John L. Burton (D)
California 37 94th April 29, 1975 Jerry Pettis (R) Shirley N. Pettis (R)
Illinois 5 94th July 8, 1975 John C. Kluczynski (D) John G. Fary (D)
Tennessee 5 94th November 25, 1975 Richard H. Fulton (D) Clifford R. Allen (D)
New York 39 94th March 2, 1976 James F. Hastings (R) Stanley N. Lundine (D)
Texas 22 94th April 3, 1976 Rob Casey (D) Ron Paul (R)
Texas 1 94th June 19, 1976 Wright Patman (D) Sam B. Hall, Jr. (D)
Massachusetts 7 94th November 2, 1976 Torbert MacDonald (D) Ed Markey[28] (D)
Missouri 6 94th November 2, 1976 Jerry Litton (D) Earl Thomas Coleman[28] (R)
Pennsylvania 1 94th November 2, 1976 William A. Barrett (D) Michael Myers[28] (D)
Minnesota 7 95th February 22, 1977 Bob Bergland (DFL) Arlan Stangeland (R)
Georgia 5 95th April 6, 1977 Andrew Young (D) Wyche Fowler (D)
Washington 7 95th May 17, 1977 Brock Adams (D) John E. Cunningham (R)
Louisiana 1 95th August 27, 1977 Richard A. Tonry (D) Robert L. Livingston (R)
New York 18 95th February 14, 1978 Edward I. Koch (D) S. William Green (R)
New York 21 95th February 14, 1978 Herman Badillo (D) Robert Garcia (D)
California 11 96th April 3, 1979 None[32] William Royer (R)
Illinois 10 96th January 22, 1980 Abner J. Mikva (D) John Edward Porter (R)
West Virginia 3 96th April 9, 1980 John M. Slack (D) John G. Hutchinson (D)
Pennsylvania 11 96th April 9, 1980 Daniel J. Flood (D) Raphael Musto (D)
Louisiana 3 96th May 17, 1980 David C. Treen (R) Billy Tauzin (D)
Michigan 13 96th November 4, 1980 Charles Diggs (D) George W. Crockett (D)
Michigan 4 97th April 21, 1981 David Stockman (R) Mark D. Siljander (R)
Maryland 5 97th May 19, 1981 Gladys Spellman (D) Steny Hoyer (D)
Ohio 4 97th June 25, 1981 Tennyson Guyer (R) Mike Oxley (R)
Mississippi 4 97th July 7, 1981 Jon Hinson (R) Wayne Dowdy (D)
Pennsylvania 3 97th July 21, 1981 Raymond F. Lederer (D) Joseph F. Smith (D)
Connecticut 1 97th January 12, 1982 William R. Cotter (D) Barbara B. Kennelly (D)
Ohio 17 97th June 29, 1982 John M. Ashbrook (R) Jean Ashbrook (R)
California 30 97th July 13, 1982 George E. Danielson (D) Matthew G. Martinez (D)
Indiana 1 97th November 2, 1982 Adam Benjamin, Jr. (D) Katie Hall (D)
Texas 6 98th February 12, 1983 Phil Gramm (D) Phil Gramm[33] (R)
New York 7 98th March 1, 1983 Benjamin S. Rosenthal (D) Gary L. Ackerman (D)
Colorado 6 98th March 29, 1983 None[34] Dan Schaefer (R)
California 5 98th June 21, 1983 Phillip Burton (D) Sala Burton (D)
Illinois 1 98th August 23, 1983 Harold Washington (D) Charles A. Hayes (D)
Georgia 7 98th November 8, 1983 Larry McDonald (D) Buddy Darden (D)
Wisconsin 4 98th April 3, 1984 Clement J. Zablocki (D) Gerald D. Kleczka (D)
Kentucky 7 98th November 6, 1984 Carl D. Perkins (D) Carl C. Perkins[28] (D)
New Jersey 13 98th November 6, 1984 Edwin B. Forsythe (R) H. James Saxton[28] (R)
Louisiana 8 99th March 30, 1985 Gillis W. Long (D) Catherine Small Long (D)
Texas 1 99th September 4, 1985 Sam B. Hall (D) Jim Chapman (D)
New York 6 99th July 10, 1986 Joseph P. Addabbo (D) Alton R. Waldon, Jr. (D)
Hawaii 1 99th September 20, 1986 Cecil Heftel (D) Neil Abercrombie (D)
North Carolina 10 99th November 4, 1986 James T. Broyhill (R) Cass Ballenger[28] (R)
California 5 100th June 2, 1987 Sala Burton (D) Nancy Pelosi (D)
Connecticut 4 100th August 18, 1987 Stewart McKinney (R) Christopher Shays (R)
Louisiana 4 100th April 16, 1988 Buddy Roemer (D) Jim McCrery (R)
Tennessee 5 100th January 19, 1988 Bill Boner (D) Bob Clement (D)
Virginia 5 100th June 14, 1988 Dan Daniel (D) Lewis F. Payne, Jr. (D)
Illinois 21 100th August 9, 1988 Melvin Price (D) Jerry F. Costello (D)
New Jersey 3 100th November 8, 1988 James J. Howard (D) Frank Pallone[28] (D)
Tennessee 2 100th November 8, 1988 John J. Duncan, Sr. (R) John J. Duncan, Jr.[28] (R)
Indiana 4 101st March 28, 1989 Dan Coats (R) Jill L. Long (D)
Alabama 3 101st April 4, 1989 Bill Nichols (D) Glen Browder (D)
Wyoming At-large 101st April 26, 1989 Dick Cheney (R) Craig L. Thomas (R)
Florida 18 101st August 29, 1989 Claude Pepper (D) Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)
California 15 101st September 12, 1989 Tony Coelho (D) Gary Condit (D)
Texas 12 101st September 12, 1989 Jim Wright (D) Pete Geren (D)
Mississippi 5 101st October 17, 1989 Larkin I. Smith (R) Gene Taylor (D)
Texas 18 101st December 9, 1989 Mickey Leland (D) Craig Washington (D)
New York 14 101st March 20, 1990 Guy Molinari (R) Susan Molinari (R)
New York 18 101st March 20, 1990 Robert Garcia (D) Jose Serrano (D)
Hawaii 2 101st September 22, 1990 Daniel Akaka (D) Patsy Mink (D)
New Jersey 1 101st November 6, 1990 James J. Florio (D) Robert E. Andrews (D)
Texas 3 102nd May 18, 1991 Steve Bartlett (R) Sam Johnson (R)
Massachusetts 1 102nd June 4, 1991 Silvio Conte (R) John Olver (D)
Illinois 15 102nd July 2, 1991 Edward Madigan (R) Thomas W. Ewing (R)
Pennsylvania 2 102nd November 5, 1991 William H. Gray (D) Lucien E. Blackwell (D)
Virginia 7 102nd November 5, 1991 D. French Slaughter, Jr. (R) George F. Allen (R)
Arizona 2 102nd September 24, 1991 Morris Udall (D) Ed Pastor (D)
New York 17 102nd November 3, 1992 Ted Weiss (D) Jerrold Nadler (D)
North Carolina 1 102nd November 3, 1992 Walter B. Jones, Sr. (D) Eva Clayton (D)
Mississippi 2 103rd April 13, 1993 Mike Espy (D) Bennie Thompson (D)
Wisconsin 1 103rd May 4, 1993 Les Aspin (D) Peter Barca (D)
Ohio 2 103rd May 4, 1993 Bill Gradison (R) Rob Portman (R)
California 17 103rd June 8, 1993 Leon Panetta (D) Sam Farr (D)
Michigan 3 103rd December 7, 1993 Paul B. Henry (R) Vern Ehlers (R)
Oklahoma 6 103rd May 10, 1994 Glenn English (D) Frank Lucas (R)
Kentucky 2 103rd May 24, 1994 William Natcher (D) Ron Lewis (R)
Oklahoma 1 103rd November 8, 1994 James Inhofe (R) Steve Largent (R)
California 15 104th December 12, 1995 Norman Mineta (D) Tom Campbell (R)
Illinois 2 104th December 12, 1995 Mel Reynolds (D) Jesse Jackson, Jr. (D)
California 37 104th March 26, 1996 Walter Tucker (D) Juanita Millender-McDonald (D)
Maryland 7 104th April 16, 1996 Kweisi Mfume (D) Elijah Cummings (D)
Oregon 3 104th May 21, 1996 Ron Wyden (D) Earl Blumenauer (D)
Kansas 2 104th November 5, 1996 Sam Brownback (R) Jim Ryun (R)
Missouri 8 104th November 5, 1996 Bill Emerson (R) Jo Ann Emerson (R)
Texas 28 105th April 12, 1997 Frank Tejeda (D) Ciro Rodriguez (D)
New Mexico 3 105th May 13, 1997 Bill Richardson (D) Bill Redmond (R)
New York 13 105th November 4, 1997 Susan Molinari (R) Vito Fossella (R)
New York 6 105th February 3, 1998 Floyd Flake (D) Gregory W. Meeks (D)
California 22 105th March 10, 1998 Walter Capps (D) Lois Capps (D)
California 9 105th April 7, 1998 Ron Dellums (D) Barbara Lee (D)
California 44 105th April 7, 1998 Sonny Bono (R) Mary Bono (R)
Pennsylvania 1 105th May 19, 1998 Thomas M. Foglietta (D) Bob Brady (D)
New Mexico 1 105th June 23, 1998 Steven H. Schiff (R) Heather Wilson (R)
Georgia 6 106th February 23, 1999 Newt Gingrich (R) Johnny Isakson (R)
Louisiana 1 106th May 29, 1999 Bob Livingston (R) David Vitter (R)
California 42 106th November 16, 1999 George Brown, Jr. (D) Joe Baca (D)
Pennsylvania 9 107th May 15, 2001 Bud Shuster (R) Bill Shuster (R)
California 32 107th June 5, 2001 Julian Dixon (D) Diane Watson (D)
Virginia 4 107th June 19, 2001 Norman Sisisky (D) J. Randy Forbes (R)
Massachusetts 9 107th October 16, 2001 Joe Moakley (D) Stephen F. Lynch (D)
Florida 1 107th October 16, 2001 Joe Scarborough (R) Jeff Miller (R)
Arkansas 3 107th November 20, 2001 Asa Hutchinson (R) John Boozman (R)
South Carolina 107th December 18, 2001 Floyd Spence (R) Joe Wilson (R)
Oklahoma 1 107th January 8, 2002 Steve Largent (R) John Sullivan (R)
Hawaii 2 107th November 30, 2002[35] Patsy Mink (D) Ed Case (D)
Hawaii 2 108th January 4, 2003[35] Ed Case (D) Ed Case (D)
Texas 19 108th June 3, 2003 Larry Combest (R) Randy Neugebauer (R)
Kentucky 6 108th February 17, 2004 Ernie Fletcher (R) Ben Chandler (D)
South Dakota At-large 108th June 1, 2004 Bill Janklow (R) Stephanie Herseth (D)
North Carolina 1 108th July 20, 2004 Frank Ballance (D) G. K. Butterfield (D)
California 5 109th March 8, 2005 Bob Matsui (D) Doris Matsui (D)
Ohio 2 109th August 2, 2005 Rob Portman (R) Jean Schmidt (R)
California 48 109th December 6, 2005 Christopher Cox (R) John Campbell (R)
California 50 109th June 6, 2006 Randy "Duke" Cunningham (R) Brian P. Bilbray (R)
New Jersey 13 109th November 7, 2006 Bob Menendez (D) Albio Sires (D)
Texas 22 109th November 7, 2006 Tom DeLay (R) Shelley Sekula-Gibbs (R)
Georgia 10 110th July 19, 2007 Charlie Norwood (R) Paul Broun, Jr. (R)
California 37 110th August 21, 2007 Juanita Millender-McDonald (D) Laura Richardson (D)
Massachusetts 5 110th October 16, 2007 Marty Meehan (D) Niki Tsongas (D)
Ohio 5 110th December 11, 2007 Paul Gillmor (R) Bob Latta (R)
Virginia 1 110th December 11, 2007 Jo Ann Davis (R) Rob Wittman (R)
Illinois 14 110th March 8, 2008 Dennis Hastert (R) Bill Foster (D)
Indiana 7 110th March 11, 2008 Julia Carson (D) André Carson (D)
California 12 110th April 8, 2008 Tom Lantos (D) Jackie Speier (D)
Louisiana 1 110th May 3, 2008 Bobby Jindal (R) Steve Scalise (R)
Louisiana 6 110th May 3, 2008 Richard Baker (R) Don Cazayoux (D)
Mississippi 1 110th May 13, 2008 Roger Wicker (R) Travis Childers (D)
Maryland 4 110th June 17, 2008 Albert Wynn (D) Donna Edwards (D)
Ohio 11 110th November 18, 2008 Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D) Marcia Fudge (D)
New York 20 111th March 31, 2009 Kirsten Gillibrand (D) Scott Murphy (D)
Illinois 5 111th[36] April 7, 2009 Rahm Emanuel (D) Michael Quigley (D)
California 32 111th July 14, 2009 Hilda Solis (D) Judy Chu (D)
California 10 111th November 3, 2009 Ellen Tauscher (D) John Garamendi (D)
New York 23 111th November 3, 2009 John M. McHugh (R) Bill Owens (D)
Florida 19 111th April 13, 2010 Robert Wexler (D) Ted Deutch (D)
Pennsylvania 12 111th May 18, 2010 John Murtha (D) Mark Critz (D)
Hawaii 1 111th May 22, 2010 Neil Abercrombie (D) Charles Djou (R)
Georgia 9 111th June 8, 2010[37] Nathan Deal (R) Tom Graves (R)
Indiana 3 111th November 2, 2010 Mark Souder (R) Marlin Stutzman (R)
New York 29 111th November 2, 2010 Eric Massa (D) Tom Reed (R)
New York 26 112th May 24, 2011 Chris Lee (R) Kathy Hochul (D)
California 36 112th July 12, 2011 Jane Harman (D) Janice Hahn (D)
Nevada 2 112th September 13, 2011 Dean Heller (R) Mark Amodei (R)
New York 9 112th September 13, 2011 Anthony Weiner (D) Bob Turner (R)
Oregon 1 112th January 31, 2012 David Wu (D) Suzanne Bonamici (D)
Arizona 8 112th June 12, 2012 Gabby Giffords (D) TBD

[edit] Summary

In a few instances more than one seat was filled in a single special election, but each seat is counted separately in the list below.

Congress Start End Special
elections		 Cumulative
total
1st March 4, 1789 March 3, 1791 2 2
2nd March 4, 1791 March 3, 1793 6 8
3rd March 4, 1793 March 3, 1795 8 16
4th March 4, 1795 March 3, 1797 12 28
5th March 4, 1797 March 3, 1799 15 43
6th March 4, 1799 March 3, 1801 11 54
7th March 4, 1801 March 3, 1803 18 72
8th March 4, 1803 March 3, 1805 11 83
9th March 4, 1805 March 3, 1807 16 99
10th March 4, 1807 March 3, 1809 11 110
11th March 4, 1809 March 3, 1811 12 122
12th March 4, 1811 March 3, 1813 7 129
13th March 4, 1813 March 3, 1815 21 150
14th March 4, 1815 March 3, 1817 23 173
15th March 4, 1817 March 3, 1819 17 190
16th March 4, 1819 March 3, 1821 15 205
17th March 4, 1821 March 3, 1823 21 226
18th March 4, 1823 March 3, 1825 11 237
19th March 4, 1825 March 3, 1827 16 253
20th March 4, 1827 March 3, 1829 16 269
21st March 4, 1829 March 3, 1831 14 283
22nd March 4, 1831 March 3, 1833 9 292
23rd March 4, 1833 March 3, 1835 23 315
24th March 4, 1835 March 3, 1837 20 335
25th March 4, 1837 March 3, 1839 19 354
26th March 4, 1839 March 3, 1841 18 372
27th March 4, 1841 March 3, 1843 23 395
28th March 4, 1843 March 3, 1845 14 409
29th March 4, 1845 March 3, 1847 13 422
30th March 4, 1847 March 3, 1849 10 432
31st March 4, 1849 March 3, 1851 14 446
32nd March 4, 1851 March 3, 1853 6 452
33rd March 4, 1853 March 3, 1855 9 461
34th March 4, 1855 March 3, 1857 9 470
35th March 4, 1857 March 3, 1859 11 481
36th March 4, 1859 March 3, 1861 7 488
37th March 4, 1861 March 3, 1863 20 508
38th March 4, 1863 March 3, 1865 6 514
39th March 4, 1865 March 3, 1867 7 (+2 [38]) 523
40th March 4, 1867 March 3, 1869 11 534
41st March 4, 1869 March 3, 1871 16 550
42nd March 4, 1871 March 3, 1873 10 560
43rd March 4, 1873 March 3, 1875 13 573
44th March 4, 1875 March 3, 1877 16 589
45th March 4, 1877 March 3, 1879 6 595
46th March 4, 1879 March 3, 1881 8 603
47th March 4, 1881 March 3, 1883 16 619
48th March 4, 1883 March 3, 1885 15 634
49th March 4, 1885 March 3, 1887 11 645
50th March 4, 1887 March 3, 1889 8 653
51st March 4, 1889 March 3, 1891 17 670
52nd March 4, 1891 March 3, 1893 15 685
53rd March 4, 1893 March 3, 1895 21 706
54th March 4, 1895 March 3, 1897 11 717
55th March 4, 1897 March 3, 1899 13 730
56th March 4, 1899 March 3, 1901 20 750
57th March 4, 1901 March 3, 1903 17 767
58th March 4, 1903 March 3, 1905 14 781
59th March 4, 1905 March 3, 1907 17 798
60th March 4, 1907 March 3, 1909 13 811
61st March 4, 1909 March 3, 1911 13 824
62nd March 4, 1911 March 3, 1913 15 839
63rd March 4, 1913 March 3, 1915 19 858
64th March 4, 1915 March 3, 1917 12 870
65th March 4, 1917 March 3, 1919 23 893
66th March 4, 1919 March 3, 1921 24 917
67th March 4, 1921 March 3, 1923 20 937
68th March 4, 1923 March 3, 1925 24 961
69th March 4, 1925 March 3, 1927 11 972
70th March 4, 1927 March 3, 1929 15 987
71st March 4, 1929 March 3, 1931 27 1,014
72nd March 4, 1931 March 3, 1933 24 1,038
73rd March 4, 1933 January 3, 1935 15 1,053
74th January 3, 1935 January 3, 1937 10 1,063
75th January 3, 1937 January 3, 1939 15 1,078
76th January 3, 1939 January 3, 1941 24 1,102
77th January 3, 1941 January 3, 1943 19 1,121
78th January 3, 1943 January 3, 1945 18 1,139
79th January 3, 1945 January 3, 1947 16 1,155
80th January 3, 1947 January 3, 1949 19 1,174
81st January 3, 1949 January 3, 1951 11 1,185
82nd January 3, 1951 January 3, 1953 15 1,200
83rd January 3, 1953 January 3, 1955 9 1,209
84th January 3, 1955 January 3, 1957 5 1,214
85th January 3, 1957 January 3, 1959 10 1,224
86th January 3, 1959 January 3, 1961 10 1,234
87th January 3, 1961 January 3, 1963 12 1,246
88th January 3, 1963 January 3, 1965 12 1,258
89th January 3, 1965 January 3, 1967 10 1,268
90th January 3, 1967 January 3, 1969 6 1,274
91st January 3, 1969 January 3, 1971 14 1,288
92nd January 3, 1971 January 3, 1973 10 1,298
93rd January 3, 1973 January 3, 1975 10 1,308
94th January 3, 1975 January 3, 1977 10 1,318
95th January 3, 1977 January 3, 1979 6 1,324
96th January 3, 1979 January 3, 1981 7 1,331
97th January 3, 1981 January 3, 1983 9 1,340
98th January 3, 1983 January 3, 1985 9 1,349
99th January 3, 1985 January 3, 1987 5 1,354
100th January 3, 1987 January 3, 1989 8 1,362
101st January 3, 1989 January 3, 1991 12 1,374
102nd January 3, 1991 January 3, 1993 6 1,380
103rd January 3, 1993 January 3, 1995 7 1,387
104th January 3, 1995 January 3, 1997 6 1,393
105th January 3, 1997 January 3, 1999 9 1,402
106th January 3, 1999 January 3, 2001 3 1,405
107th January 3, 2001 January 3, 2003 9 1,414
108th January 3, 2003 January 3, 2005 5 1,419
109th January 3, 2005 January 3, 2007 6 1,425
110th January 3, 2007 January 3, 2009 13 1,438
111th January 3, 2009 January 3, 2011 11 1,449
112th January 3, 2011 January 3, 2013 5+1 1,454+1

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Dubin, Michael J. (1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results. McFarland and Company. 
  2. ^ For elections prior to 1901, the date of election was not typically recorded, so the date the Representative was seated is provided.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo Date of election [source: United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results, by Michael J. Dubin (McFarland and Company, 1998)].
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej Date given for the start of the term, of the person elected at the special election (source: Congressional Biographical Directory). In some cases this is clearly wrong as the date of the legal start of the Congress is given, even though the member was elected at a later date.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Congressman-elect, who served after the start of the Congress but vacated the seat without being sworn in.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Congressman-elect, who vacated the seat before the start of the Congress.
  7. ^ An alternative source suggests Vermont elected its Representatives at-large for this Congress, see Vermont At-large.
  8. ^ MD-7 12th C.: The vacancies, for the remainder of the 11th Congress and the whole of the 12th Congress, were both filled by one ballot. This was the first of three examples of this method being used in Congressional special elections.
  9. ^ NY-15 13th C.: Bowers election was challenged by Isaac Williams, Jr. (D-R). Williams was seated in place of Bowers on December 20, 1813.
  10. ^ NH-AL 13th C.: Samuel Smith resigned on May 21, 1814 (although the resignation is not mentioned in the Congressional Biographical Directory). At the special election no candidate received the more than 50% of the votes required to be elected. The seat appears to have been left vacant for the remainder of the Congress.
  11. ^ NJ-AL 13th C.: Jacob Hufty was elected from the 3rd District, but by the time of the special election the legislature had reinstated at-large elections. This was the secomd of three cases when the special election was held on a different basis than the general election.
  12. ^ MA-10 18th C.: Bailey had presented credentials as a Member-elect, but the election was contested on the ground that he was not a resident of the district he purported to represent, and the House declared he was not entitled to the seat. He returned to a home in the district and was subsequently elected. See Bioguide.
  13. ^ Edward Tattnall, who previously represented Georgia At-large in the U.S. House of Representatives, was re-elected in the First district, but died before the beginning of the next Congress.
  14. ^ George W. Towns was installed on January 5, 1846 after rep-elect Washington Poe never took seat. Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  15. ^ Gilliam died before taking office, necessitating the Nov. 26 special election.
  16. ^ Alexander Stephens was installed on December 1, 1873 after rep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seat. Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  17. ^ Benjamin Harvey Hill was installed on May 5, 1875 after rep-elect Garnett McMillan died before taking office. Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  18. ^ Democrat George A. La Dow was elected, but died before Congress convened.
  19. ^ William A. Pirce was declared the winner of the 1884 election, but his seat was later declared vacant due to election irregularities
  20. ^ The seat was declared vacant due to failure of candidates to attain majority of the vote
  21. ^ James Black succeeded himself to fill a vacancy he caused. Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  22. ^ Democrat Brigham Henry Roberts was elected, but was not allowed to take office because he practiced polygamy.
  23. ^ Republican Thomas H. Tongue was elected, but died before the new Congress convened.
  24. ^ James Wickersham (R) contested Charles August Sulzer's (D) election to the 66th U.S. Congress, however Sulzer died on April 28 before the issue was settled. Wickersham was later declared the winner of the 1918 election after a long drawn out recount and seated on March 1, 1921.
  25. ^ Republican Charles F. Van de Water was elected, but died before Congress convened.
  26. ^ Republican John I. Nolan was re-elected, but died before the new Congress convened.
  27. ^ Democrat Clement Woodnutt Miller was re-elected, but died before the new Congress convened.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Unable to be sworn in for this Congress because the House had adjourned.
  29. ^ Democrat John E. Fogarty was re-elected, but died before the new Congress convened.
  30. ^ Democrat L. Mendel Rivers was re-elected, but died before the new Congress convened.
  31. ^ Democrat Nick Begich was lost in a plane crash on October 16, 1972, was re-elected posthumously, and was declared dead before the new Congress convened.
  32. ^ Democrat Leo J. Ryan was re-elected, but was murdered in Jonestown before the new Congress convened.
  33. ^ Resigned as a Democrat, reelected as a Republican.
  34. ^ District created following the 1980 Census. Republican Jack Swigert died before taking office.
  35. ^ a b Mink had been re-elected posthumously in the November 2002 election. Case was elected in a special election on November 30, 2002 to fill out her term in the 107th Congress and again on January 4, 2003 to fill out her term in the 108th Congress.
  36. ^ Rahm Emanuel resigned in the 110th congress, but the special election was not held until the 111th congress.
  37. ^ The special election for Georgia's 9th district was scheduled for May 18, 2010, but since no candidate recived 50% of the vote, a runoff was held June 8, 2010.
  38. ^ The two additional special elections were held in states which had not then been re-admitted to representation in Congress, after the Civil War. Those elections were rejected by the House of Representatives.

[edit] Sources and external links
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