List of state leaders in 1816
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1815 state leaders - Events of 1816 - 1817 state leaders - State leaders by year
Contents |
[edit] Africa
- Ashanti Confederacy - Osei Bonsu, Asantehene (1804–1824)
- Buganda - Kamaya, King of Buganda (1814–1836)
- Bunyoro - Nyamutukura Kyebambe III, Omukama of Bunyoro (1786–1835))
- Burundi - Ntare IV Rugamba, King of Burundi (1796–1852)
- Dahomey - Adandozan, King of Dahomey (1797–1818)
- Ethiopia - Egwale Seyon, Emperor of Ethiopia (1801–1818)
- Shewa - Sahle Selassie, Negus (1813–1847)
- Fulani Empire - Muhammed Bello, Fulani Sultan (1814–1837)
- Mayotte - Suhali bin Salim, Sultan of Mayotte (1807–1817)
- Ndzuwani -
- Alawi bin Husain, Sultan of Ndzuwani (1796–1816)
- Abdallah bin Alawi, Sultan of Ndzuwani (1816–1832)
- Rwanda - Yuhi III, Mwami of Rwanda (1797–1830)
- Swaziland - King Sobhuza I (1815-1836? 1939?)
- Zulu -
- Senzangakona, King of the Zulu (1781–1816)
- Shaka, King of the Zulu (1816–1828)
[edit] Americas
- Brazil -
- Monarch -
- Maria I, Queen of Brazil (1815–1816)
- João VI, King of Brazil (1816–1822, regent for incapacitated queen, 1815–1816)
- Principal Minister - Fernando José de Portugal e Castro, Principal Minister of Brazil (1808–1817)
- Monarch -
- Kingdom of Haiti (North) - Henri I, King of Haiti (1806–1820)
- Republic of Haiti (South) - Alexandre Pétion, President of Haiti (1807–1818)
- Miskito Nation - George Frederic Augustus I, King of the Miskito Nation (1801–1824)
- Paraguay - José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, Supreme Dictator of Paraguay (1814–1840)
- United Provinces of New Granada - Presidents of New Grenada:
- Camilo Torres Tenorio (1815-Mar. 14, 1816)
- José Fernández Madrid (to Jun. 22)
- Liborio Mejía (to Jun. 30); acting
- Custodio García Rovira (to Jul. 10)
- Manuel Fernando Serrano (last ruler)
- United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
- Ignacio Álvarez Thomas, Supreme Director (1815–1816)
- Antonio González Balcarce, Supreme Director (1816)
- Juan Martín de Pueyrredón, Supreme Director (1816–1819)
- United States - James Madison, President of the United States (1809–1817)
- Venezuela - Simón Bolívar, Supreme Chief of Venezuela (1816–1819)
[edit] Asia
- Abkhazia - Safar Begi, Prince of Abkhazia (1810–1821)
- Afghanistan - Mahmud Shah, King of Kabul, Herat, Kandahar, and Peshawar (1809–1818)
- Awa - Bodawphaya, King of Awa (1782–1819)
- Azerbaijan - Existed as various cities/districts, with the rest under Russia's control:
- Nakhichevan - Karim Khan Kangarli?, Khan of Nakhichevan
- Karabakh - Mahdi Quli Khan Muzaffar, Khan of Karabakh (1806–1822)
- Quba - Husayn Khan, Khan of Quba (1806–1816)
- Shakki - Isma'il Khan, Khan of Shakki (1815–1819)
- Shamakha - Mustafa Khan, Khan of Shamakha (1796–1820)
- Bhutan - Jigme Dragpa II, Spiritual Ruler of Bhutan (1791–1830); Sonam Drugyal, Ruler of Bhutan (1815–1819)
- Brunei - Muhammad Khanzul Alam, Sultan of Brunei (1807–1828)
- Burma - Bodawpaya, King of Ava (1782–1819)
- Cambodia - Ang Chan II, King of Cambodia (1813–1834)
- China (Qing Dynasty) - Jiaqing, Emperor of China (1796–1820)
- Japan
- Monarch - Kokaku, Emperor of Japan (1780–1817)
- Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Ienari, Shogun of Japan (1786–1837)
- Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Kō, King of Ryūkyū (1804–1828)
- Kokand Khanate - 'Umar Khan, Khan of Kokand (1811–1822)
- Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Sunjo, King of Joseon (1800–1834)
- Laos - Anuvong, King of Laos (1803–1828)
- Maldives - Mu'in ad-Din I Muhammad, Sultan of the Maldives (1799–1835)
- Mogul Empire - Mo'in ad-Din Abu'n Nasr Mohammad Akbar Padshah Saheb Qiran-e Sani, Mughal Emperor (1806–1837)
- Nepal -
- King - Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva (1799-Nov. 20, 1816)
- King - Rajendra Bikram Shah Deva (until 1847)
- Regent - Lalit Tripura Sundari (1806–1832)
- Prime Minister - Bhimsen Thapa (1806–1837)
- British Resident - Edward Gardner[disambiguation needed
] (1816–1829)
- Persia - Fath Ali Qajar, Shah of Persia (1797–1834)
- Sikh Empire - Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of the Sikh Empire (1801–1839)
- Tibet - De-mo sPrul-sku Blo-bzang-thub-bstan-'jigs-med-rgya-mtsho, Regent Dalai Lama of Tibet (1815–1819)
- Thailand - Buddha Loetla, King of Krung Thep (1809–1824)
- Vietnam - Nguyen Phuoc Noan, Emperor of Vietnam (1802–1820)
[edit] Australia and Oceania
- Fiji - Naulivou, Ruler of Fiji (1803–1829)
- Society Islands - Pomare II, Ruler of the Society Islands (1815–1821)
- Niue-Fekai - Unknown
[edit] Europe
- Andorra -
- Bishop of Urgell -
- Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y Cisneros, Bishop of Urgel (1797–1816)
- Temporarily vacant (1816–1817)
- Louis XVIII, King of France (1815–1824)
- Bishop of Urgell -
- Athos - Kyrillos VI, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1813–1818)
- Austria - Franz I, Emperor of Austria (1804–1835)
- Croatia - Ignjat Gyulay Maros-Nemeth, Ban of Croatia (1806–1831)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Frederick VI, King of Denmark (1808–1839)
- Prime Minister - Joachim Godske, Minister of State of Denmark (1814–1818)
- See also Colonial governors in 1816
- Finland - Alexander I, Grand Duke of Finland (1809–1825)
- France
- Monarch - Louis XVIII, King of France (1815–1824)
- Prime Minister - Duc de Richelieu, Prime Minister of France (1815–1818)
- See also Colonial governors in 1816
- German Confederation - Emperor Franz I of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1815–1835)
- Austria - Franz I, Emperor of Austria (1792*-1835) *Note: Leader of Austria held the title of Archduke prior to 1804
- Bohemia - Franz, King of Bohemia (1792–1835)
- Prussia -
- Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm III, King of Prussia (1797–1840)
- Chief Minister - Prince Karl August von Hardenberg, Chief Minister of Prussia (1810–1822)
- Also see List of German rulers in 1816
- Guastalla - Maria Luigia, Duchess of Guastalla (1814–1847)
- Hungary - Francis, King of Hungary (1792–1835)
- Lucca - Maria Luisa, Duchess of Lucca (1817–1824)
- Massa and Carrara - Maria Beatrice Riccarda III, Duchess of Massa and Princess of Carrara (1814–1829)
- Modena - Francesco IV, Duke of Modena and Reggio (1814–1831)
- Moldavia - Scarlat Callimachi, Vovoid of Moldavia (1812–1819)
- Monaco - Honoré IV, Prince of Monaco (1814–1819)
- Montenegro - Petar I Petrović Njegoš, Prince-Bishop of Montenegro (1782–1830)
- Naples - Ferdinand IV, King of Naples (1815–1816, then King of the Two Sicilies)
- Netherlands - William I, King of the Netherlands (1815–1840)
- See also Colonial governors in 1816
- Norway - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Kingdom of Sweden-Norway
- Monarch - Carl III, King of Norway (1814–1818)
- Viceroy - Crown Prince Carl Johan (Bernadotte), Crown Prince of Norway (1814 and 1816)
- Governor -
- Hans Henrik von Essen, Governor of Norway (1814–1816)
- Carl Carlsson Mörner, Governor of Norway (1816–1818)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Monarch - Mahmud II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1808–1839)
- Grand Vizier - Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1815–1818)
- Papal States - Pope Pius VII (1800–1823)
- Parma - Maria Luigia, Duchess of Parma and Piacenza (1814–1847)
- Piedmont-Sardinia - Victor Emmanuel I, King of Sardinia (1802–1821)
- Poland - Alexander I, King of Poland (1815–1825)
- Portugal -
- Maria I Francisca, Queen of Portugal (1777-Mar. 20, 1816)
- John VI, King of Portugal (1816–1826)
- See also Colonial governors in 1816
- Prussia -
- Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm III, King of Prussia (1797–1840)
- Chief Minister - Karl August von Hardenberg, Chancellor of Prussia (1810–1822)
- Russia - Alexander I, Tsar of Russia (1801–1825)
- San Marino - Francesco Maria Belluzzi and Filippo Filippi (Oct. 1815 - Apr. 1816), Camillo Bonelli and Pietro Berti (Apr. 1816 - Oct. 1816), Luigi Giannini and Matteo Martelli (Oct. 1816 - Apr. 1817), Captains-Regent of San Marino
- Serbia - Milos Obrenovic I, Prince of Serbia (1815–1839); technically unofficial
- Sicily - Ferdinand III, King of Sicily (1759–1816, then King of the Two Sicilies)
- Spain - Fernando VII, King of Spain (1808, 1813–1833)
- See also Colonial governors in 1816
- Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway -
- Monarch - Charles XIII, King of Sweden (1809–1818)
- Regent - Charles John, Crown Prince of Sweden (1810–1818)
- See also Colonial governors in 1816
- Switzerland - Hans von Reinhard, President of the Diet of the Swiss Confederation (1816)
- Tuscany - Ferdinando III, Grand Duke of Tuscny (1814–1824)
- Two Sicilies - Ferdinand I, King of the Two Sicilies (1816–1825) (from 1759 King Ferdinand IV of Naples and King Ferdinand III of Sicily)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - George III, King of the United Kingdom (1760–1820)
- Regent - The Prince of Wales, Regent of the United Kingdom (1811–1820)
- Prime Minister - The Earl of Liverpool, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1812–1827)
- Wallachia - Jean Georges Caradja, Prince of Wallachia (1812–1818)
[edit] Middle East and North Africa
- Abu Dhabi -
- Shakhbut bin Dhiyab, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1793–1816)
- Muhammad bin Shakhbut, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1816–1818)
- Algeria (under nominal Ottoman suzerainty) - Omar Agha, Dey of Algiers (1815–1817)
- Bahrain - Shiekh Sulman ibn Ahmad Al Khalifah, Ruler of Bahrain (1796–1825)
- Egypt - Muhammad Ali Pasha, Governor of Egypt (1805–1848)
- Kel Ahaggar - Ag Mama ag Sidi, Ruler of Kel Ahaggar (1790–1830)
- Kuwait - Sheikh Jabir ibn Abdullah Al Sabah, Ruler of Kuwait (1814–1859)
- Lebanon - Bashir ibn al-Qasim ibn Umar, Emir of Lebanon (1801–1821)
- Morocco - Slimane, Sultan of Morocco (1792–1822)
- Oman - Sa'id II ibn Sultan, Sultan of Oman (1804–1856)
- Persia - Fath Ali Shah Qajar, King of Persia (1797–1834)
- Tripoli - Yusuf ibn Ali Karamanli, Pasha of Tripoli (1795–1832)
- Tunis (under Ottoman suzerainty) - Mahmud, Bey of Tunis (1814–1824)
