List of state leaders in 1881

1880 state leaders - Events of 1881 - 1882 state leaders - State leaders by year

See also:

• List of religious leaders in 1881
• List of international organization leaders in 1881

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874–1883)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852–1908)
• Dahomey - Glele, King of Dahomey (1856–1889)
• Ethiopia - Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (1871–1889)
• Liberia - Anthony William Gerdner, President of Liberia (1878–1883)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph -
    1. Mu'adh bin Bello, Sokoto Caliph (1877–1881)
    2. Umar bin Ali, Sokoto Caliph (1881–1891)
  • Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye, Sokoto Grand Vizier (c.1874–1886)
• Wassoulou Empire - Samori Ture, Emperor (1878–1898)
• Zanzibar - Barghash ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Zanzibar (1870–1888)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Abdur Rahman Khan, King of Afghanistan (1880–1901)
• China (Qing Dynasty) - Guangxu, Emperor of China (1875–1908)
• Japan - Monarch - Meiji Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1867–1912)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Gojong, King of Joseon (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Oman - Turki bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1871–1888)
• Persia - Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (1848–1896)
• Vietnam (Nguyễn Dynasty) - Tự Đức, Emperor of Vietnam (1847–1883)

Europe

• Austria-Hungary - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
  • Minister-President of Austria - Count Eduard von Taaffe, Minister-President of Austria (1879–1893)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza, Minister-President of Hungary (1875–1890)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
  • Cabinet Chief - H.-J.-W. Frère-Orban, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1868–1870, 1878–1884)
• Bulgaria - Alexander I Joseph, King of Bulgaria (1879–1886)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863–1906)
  • Prime Minister - Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup, Prime Minister of Denmark (1875–1894)
• France -
  • President - Jules Grévy, President of France (1879–1887)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jules Ferry, President of the Council (1880–1881)
    2. Léon Gambetta, President of the Council (1881–1882)
• German Empire -
  • Monarch - Wilhelm I, Kaiser (1871–1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany (1871–1890)
  • see also List of German rulers in 1881
• Greece
  • Monarch - George I, King of the Hellenes (1863–1913)
  • Prime Minister - Alexandros Koumoundouros, Prime Minister of Greece (1880–1882)
• Italy
  • Monarch - Umberto I, King of Italy (1878–1900)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Benedetto Cairoli, Prime Minister of Italy (1879–1881)
    2. Agostino Depretis, Prime Minister of Italy (1881–1887)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister - Félix de Blochausen, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1874–1885)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister - Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1879–1883)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Abdulhamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1876–1909)
• Portugal - Luis, King of Portugal (1861–1889)
• Russia -
  1. Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855–1881)
  2. Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881–1894)
• Spain -
  • Monarch - Alfonso XII, King of Spain (1874–1885)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Antonio Cánovas Del Castillo, Prime Minister of Spain (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
    2. Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, Prime Minister of Spain (1871–1872, 1874, 1881–1883, 1885–1890, 1892–1895, 1897–1899)
• Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
  • Monarch - Oscar II, King of Sweden (1872–1907)
  • Prime Minister - Arvid Posse, Prime Minister of Sweden (1880–1883)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837–1901)
  • Prime Minister - William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886, 1892–1894)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada -
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837–1901)
  • Governor General - Marquess of Lorne, Governor General of Canada (1878–1883)
  • Prime Minister - Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1878–1891)
• Costa Rica - Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1877–1882)
• United States -
  1. Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877–1881)
  2. James A. Garfield, President of the United States (1881)
  3. Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States (1881–1885)

Oceania

• Hawaii - Kalākaua, King of Hawaiʻi (1874–1891)
• Niue - Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
• Samoa - Malietoa Laupepa, Malietoa (1880–1898)
• Tonga -
  • Monarch - George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
  • Prime Minister - Shirley Waldemar Baker, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1880–1890)

South America

• Argentina - Julio Argentino Roca, President of Argentina (1880–1886)
• Brazil - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831–1889)
• Uruguay - Francisco Antonino Vidal, President of Uruguay (1880–1882)