List of state leaders in 1944

1943 state leaders - Events of 1944 - 1945 state leaders - State leaders by year

See also:

• List of religious leaders in 1944
• List of international organization leaders in 1944

Africa

• Egypt
  • King - Farouk I, King of Egypt (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Mustafa el-Nahhas, Prime Minister of Egypt (1942–1944)
    2. Ahmad Mahir Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1944–1945)
• Ethiopia
  • Emperor - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Makonnen Endelkachew, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1942–1957)
• Liberia
  • President -
    1. Edwin Barclay, President of Liberia (1930–1944)
    2. William V.S. Tubman, President of Liberia (1944–1971)
• South Africa -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of South Africa (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - Nicolaas Jacobus de Wet, Governor-General of South Africa (1943–1946)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Smuts, Prime Minister of South Africa (1939–1948)
• Zanzibar - Sayyid Khalifa bin Harub Al-Busaid, Sultan of Zanzibar (1911–1960)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1929–1946)
• Brunei - Ahmad Tajuddin, Sultan of Brunei (1924–1950)
• Republic of China
  • Chongqing Government (pro-Allies)
    • President - Chiang Kai-Shek, Chairman of the National Government (1943–1947)
    • Premier - Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Executive Yuan (1939–1945)
  • Nanjing Government (pro-Japan)
    • President -
      1. Wang Jingwei, Chairman of the National Government (1940–1944)
      2. Chen Gongbo, Acting Chairman of the National Government (1944–1945)
• India -
  • British India
  • Monarch - George VI, Emperor of India (1936–1947)
  • Viceroy - The Viscount Wavell, Viceroy of India (1943–1947)
  • Provisional Government of Free India
  • Head of State and Prime Minister - Subhas Chandra Bose, (1943–1945)
• Iran
  • Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941–1979)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Ali Soheili, Prime Minister of Iran (1943–1944)
    2. Mohammad Sa'ed, Prime Minister of Iran (1944)
    3. Morteza-Qoli Bayat, Prime Minister of Iran (1944–1945
• Iraq
  • Monarch - Faisal II, King of Iraq (1939–1958)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Nuri as-Said, Prime Minister of Iraq (1941–1944)
    2. Hamdi al-Pachachi, Prime Minister of Iraq (1944–1946
• Japan
  • Monarch - Showa Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hideki Tojo, Prime Minister of Japan (1941–1944)
    2. Kuniaki Koiso, Prime Minister of Japan (1944–1945)
• Manchukuo - Aisin-Gioro Puyi, Emperor of Manchukuo (1934–1945)
• Lebanon
  • President - Bechara Khoury, President of Lebanon (1943–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Riad Solh, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1943–1945)
• Mongolia
  • Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1940–1954
  • Head of State - Gonchigiin Bumtsend, Chairmen of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1940–1951)
  • Head of Government - Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1939–1952)
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Prime Minister of Nepal (1932–1945)
• Oman - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Oman (1932–1970)
• Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch - Ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1932–1953)
• Syria
  • President - Shukri al-Quwatli, President of Syria (1943–1945)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Saadallah al-Jabiri, Prime Minister of Syria (1943–1944)
    2. Faris al-Khoury, Prime Minister of Syria (1944–1945)
• Thailand
  • Monarch - Ananda Mahidol, King of Thailand (1935–1946)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Phibunsongkhram, Prime Minister of Thailand (1938–1944)
    2. Khuang Abhaiwongse, Prime Minister of Thailand (1944–1945)
• Yemen
  • Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, King of Yemen (1904–1948)

Europe

• Albania
  • Monarch -
    1. High Council of Regency
    2. Omer Nishani Chairman of the Presidium for the antifascist Council for the National Liberation and de facto president (1944–1953)
  • Prime Minister of Albania
    1. Rexhep Mitrovica (1943–1944)
    2. Enver Hoxha (1944–1954)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince -
      1. Philippe Pétain, Chief of State of France (1940–1944)
      2. Charles de Gaulle, Chairman of the Provisional Government of France (1944–1946)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Bishop of Urgell (1943–1969)
  • First Syndic - Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)
• Belgium
  • King - Léopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)
  • Prince Regent - Charles, King of the Belgians (1944–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Hubert Pierlot, Prime Minister of Belgium (1939–1945)
• Bulgaria
  • King - Simeon II, Tsar of Bulgaria (1943–1946)
  • Regents - Prince Kiril, Bogdan Filov, and Nikola Mihailov Mihov, Regents of Bulgaria (1943–1944)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Dobri Bozhilov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1943–1944)
    2. Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1944)
    3. Konstantin Muraviev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1944)
    4. Kimon Georgiev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1944–1946)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Erik Scavenius, Prime Minister of Denmark (1942–1945)
  • German occupation in control of government (1943–1945)
• Éire (Ireland) -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Ireland (1936–1949)
  • President - Douglas Hyde, President of Ireland (1938–1945)
  • Prime Minister - Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach (1937–1948)
• Estonia - German occupation since 28 August 1941, Soviet re-occupation since 22 September 1944
  • President -
    1. Konstantin Päts, legitimate President of Estonia (24 April 1938 - 18 January 1956) (imprisoned since 30 July 1940)
    2. Jüri Uluots, legitimate Prime Minister of Estonia in the Duties of the President (21 July 1940 - 9 January 1945) (in exile since 22 September 1944)
  • Prime Minister - Otto Tief, acting Prime Minister of Estonia (1944 18 September - 1953 12 January) (imprisoned since 10 October 1944)
• Finland
  • President
    1. Risto Ryti, President of Finland (1940–1944)
    2. Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, President of Finland (1944–1946)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Edwin Linkomies, Prime Minister of Finland (1943–1944)
    2. Antti Hackzell, Prime Minister of Finland (1944)
    3. Urho Castrén, Prime Minister of Finland (1944)
    4. Juho Kusti Paasikivi, Prime Minister of Finland (1944–1946)
• France -
  • Vichy Regime -
    • Head of State - Philippe Pétain, Head of State (1940–1944)
    • Prime Minister - Pierre Laval, President of the Council (1942–1944)
  • Provisional Government - Charles de Gaulle, Chairman of the Provisional Government (1944–1946)
• Germany -
  • Head of State - Adolf Hitler, Führer (1934–1945)
  • Chancellor - Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
• Greece
  • King - George II, King of the Hellenes (1935–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Georgios Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (1944–1945)
• Hungary -
  • Head of State -
    1. Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920 - 16 October 1944)
    2. Ferenc Szálasi, "Leader of the Nation" (16 October 1944 - 28 March 1945) (legitimacy not universally accepted)
    3. Post vacant (16 October 1944 - 2 February 1946) (for those not accepting the legitimacy of the Szálasi régime)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Miklós Kállay (1942 - 22 March 1944)
    2. Döme Sztójay (22 March 1944 - 29 August 1944)
    3. Géza Lakatos (29 August 1944 - 16 October 1944)
    4. Ferenc Szálasi, "Leader of the Nation" (16 October 1944 - 28 March 1945) (legitimacy not universally accepted)
    5. Post vacant (16 October 1944 - 22 December 1944) (for those not accepting the legitimacy of the Szálasi régime)
    6. Béla Dálnoki Miklós, Prime Minister of the National Provisional Government (22 December 1944 - 15 November 1945)
• Iceland
  • dissolved personal union with Denmark on June 17, 1944
  • President - Sveinn Björnsson, President of Iceland (1944–1952)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Björn Þórðarson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1942–1944)
    2. Ólafur Thors, Prime Minister of Iceland (1944–1947)
• Italy -
  • Kingdom of Italy -
    • Monarch -Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Pietro Badoglio, Prime Minister of Italy (1943–1944)
      2. Ivanoe Bonomi, Prime Minister of Italy (1944–1945)
  • Italian Social Republic - Benito Mussolini, Provisional Head of State (1943–1945)
• Liechtenstein -
  • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
  • Head of Government - Josef Hoop, Head of Government (1928–1945)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Dupong, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1937–1953)
• Monaco
  • Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
  • Head of Government
    1. Emile Roblot, Minister of State of Monaco (1937–1944)
    2. Pierre Blanchy, Acting Minister of State of Monaco (1944)
    3. Pierre de Witasse, Minister of State of Monaco (1944–1948)
• Netherlands (German and Japanese occupied, except for Curaçoa, Suriname and parts of Dutch East Indies)
  • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
  • Prime Minister - Pieter Gerbrandy, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1940–1945)
• Poland
  • Government in exile
    • President - Władysław Raczkiewicz, President of Poland (1939–1947)
    • Prime Minister -
    1. Stanisław Mikołajczyk, President of the Council of Ministers (1943–1944)
    2. Tomasz Arciszewski, President of the Council of Ministers (1944–1947)
  • Communist dominated government
    • Head of State - Bolesław Bierut -
      1. Chairman of the Presidium of the National Council (1944)
      2. President of the National Council (1944–1947)
    • Premier - Edward Osóbka-Morawski -
      1. Chairman of the Polish Committee of National Liberation (1944)
      2. President of the Council of Ministers (1944–1947)
• Portugal -
  • President - António Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
  • Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers (1932–1968)
• Romania
  • Monarch - Romania, King of the Romanians (1940–1947)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Ion Antonescu, Prime Minister of Romania (1940–1944)
    2. Constantin Sănătescu, Prime Minister of Romania (1944)
    3. Nicolae Rădescu, Prime Minister of Romania (1944–1945)
• San Marino
  • Captains Regent
    1. Marino Della Balda and Sante Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1943–1944)
    2. Francesco Balsimelli and Sanzio Valenteni, Captains Regent of San Marino (1944)
    3. Teodoro Lonfernini and Leonida Suzzi Valli, Captains Regent of San Marino (1944–1945)
• Soviet Union
  • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
  • Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1938–1946)
  • Premier - Joseph Stalin, Chairman of the Council of People's Comissars (1941–1953)
• Spain -
  • Generalísimo - Francisco Franco, Head of the Spanish State and President of the Government (1939–1975), (1939–1973)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1936–1946)
• Switzerland - Swiss Federal Council
• Turkey -
  • President - İsmet İnönü, President of Turkey (1938–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Şükrü Saracoğlu, Prime Minister of Turkey (1942–1946)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940–1945)
• Vatican City
  • Pope - Pius XII, Bishop of Rome (1939–1958)
  • Secretary of State -
    1. Luigi Cardinal Maglione, Cardinal Secretary of State (1939–1944)
    2. Position of Cardinal Secretary of State eliminated
• Yugoslavia
  • Monarch - Peter II, King of Yugoslavia (1934–1945)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Božidar Purić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1943–1944)
    2. Ivan Šubašić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1944–1945)

North America

• Canada
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Canada (1936–1952)
  • Governor General - The Earl of Athlone, Governor General of Canada (1940–1946)
  • Prime Minister - William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada (1935–1948)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, President of Costa Rica (1940–1944)
  2. Teodoro Picado Michalski, President of Costa Rica (1944–1948)
• Cuba
  • President
    1. Fulgencio Batista, President of Cuba (1940–1944)
    2. Ramón Grau, President of Cuba (1944–1948)
  • Premier
    1. Ramón Zaydín, Premier of Cuba (1942–1944)
    2. Anselmo Alliegro, Premier of Cuba (1944)
    3. Félix Lancís Sánchez, Premier of Cuba (1944–1945)
• Dominican Republic - Rafael Leónidas Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1942–1952)
• El Salvador
  • President
    1. Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, President of El Salvador (1935–1944)
    2. Andrés Ignacio Menéndez, Provisional President of El Salvador (1944)
    3. Osmín Aguirre y Salinas, Provisional President of El Salvador (1944–1945)
• Guatemala
  • President
    1. Jorge Ubico, President of Guatemala (1931–1944)
    2. Juan Federico Ponce Vaides, President of Guatemala (1944)
    3. Revolutionary Government Junta, Head of State of Guatemala (1944–1945)
• Haiti - Élie Lescot, President of Haiti (1941–1946)
• Honduras - Tiburcio Carías Andino, President of Honduras (1933–1949)
• Mexico - Manuel Ávila Camacho, President of Mexico (1940–1946)
• Nicaragua
  • President - Anastasio Somoza García, President of Nicaragua (1937–1947)
• Panama - Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango, President of Panama (1941–1945)
• United States - Franklin Roosevelt, President of the United States (1933–1945)

Oceania

• Australia -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Australia (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Baron of Gowrie, Governor-General of Australia (1936–1945)
    2. Sir Winston Dugan, (acting) Governor-General of Australia (1944–1945)
  • Prime Minister - John Curtin, Prime Minister of Australia (1941–1945)
• New Zealand
  • Monarch - George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - Sir Cyril Newall, Governor-General of New Zealand (1941–1946)
  • Prime Minister -Peter Fraser, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1940–1949)
• Tonga
  • Monarch - Salote Tupou III, Queen of Tonga (1918–1965)
  • Prime Minister - S. Ata, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1941–1949)

South America

• Argentina
  1. Pedro Pablo Ramírez, de facto President of Argentina (1943–1944)
  2. Edelmiro Julián Farrell, de facto President of Argentina (1944–1946)
• Bolivia - Gualberto Villarroel, President of Bolivia (1943–1946)
• Brazil - Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (1930–1945)
• Chile - Juan Antonio Ríos, President of Chile (1942–1946)
• Colombia
  • President
    1. Alfonso López Pumarejo, President of Colombia (1942–1944)
    2. Darío Echandía Olaya, Acting President of Colombia (1944)
    3. Alfonso López Pumarejo, President of Colombia (1944–1945)
• Ecuador
  • President
    1. Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, President of Ecuador (1940–1944)
    2. José María Velasco Ibarra, President of Ecuador (1944–1947)
• Paraguay - Higinio Moriñigo, President of Paraguay (1940–1948)
• Peru - Manuel Prado y Ugarteche, President of Peru (1939–1945)
• Uruguay - Juan José de Amézaga, President of Uruguay (1943–1947)
• Venezuela - Isaías Medina Angarita, President of Venezuela (1941–1945)