List of state leaders in 1949

1948 state leaders - Events of 1949 - 1950 state leaders - State leaders by year

See also:

• List of religious leaders in 1949
• List of international organization leaders in 1949

Africa

• Egypt
  • Monarch - Farouk, King of Egypt (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ibrahim Abdel Hadi Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1948–1949)
    2. Hussein Sirri Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1949–1950)
• Ethiopia
  • Monarch - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1941–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Makonnen Endelkachew, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1942–1957)
• Liberia
  • President - William Tubman, President of Liberia (1944–1971)
• South Africa
  • Monarch - George VI, King of South Africa (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - Gideon Brand van Zyl, Governor-General of South Africa (1946–1951)
  • Prime Minister - Daniel François Malan, Prime Minister of South Africa (1948–1954)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Shah Mahmud Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1946–1953)
• Bhutan
  • Monarch - Jigme Wangchuk, King of Bhutan (1926–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Raja Sonam Tobgay Dorji, Chief Minister of Bhutan (1917–1952)
• Burma
  • President - Sao Shwe Thaik, President of Burma (1948–1952)
  • Prime Minister - U Nu, Prime Minister of Burma (1948–1956)
• Ceylon
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Ceylon (1948–1952)
  • Governors-General -
    1. Sir Henry Monck-Mason Moore, Governor-General of Ceylon (1944–1949)
    2. Herwald Ramsbotham, Baron Soulbury, Governor-General of Ceylon (1949–1954)
  • Prime Minister - Don Stephen Senanayake, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1947–1952)
• People's Republic of China
  • declared on 1 October 1949
  • Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1935–1976)
  • Head of State - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the People's Republic of China (1949–1959)
  • Premier - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)
• Republic of China
  • retreats to Taiwan in December 1949
  • President -
    1. Chiang Kai-Shek, Chairman of the National Government of the Republic of China (1943–1949)
    2. Li Zongren, Acting President of the Republic of China (1949–1950)
  • Premier -
    1. Sun Fo, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1948–1949)
    2. He Yingqin, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1949)
    3. Yen Hsi-shan, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1949–1950)
• India
  • Monarch - George VI, King of India (1947–1950)
  • Governor-General - C. Rajagopalachari, Governor-General of India (1948–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India (1947–1964)
• Indonesia
  • Republic of Indonesia superseded by the United States of Indonesia on 27 December 1949
  • President - Sukarno, President of Indonesia (1945–1967)
  • Prime Minister - Mohammad Hatta, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1948–1950)
• Iran
  • Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941–1979)
  • Prime Minister - Mohammad Sa'ed, Prime Minister of Iran (1948–1950)
• Iraq
  • Monarch - Faisal II, King of Iraq (1939–1958)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Muzahim al-Pachachi, Prime Minister of Iraq (1948–1949)
    2. Nuri as-Said, Prime Minister of Iraq (1949)
    3. Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi, Prime Minister of Iraq (1949–1950)
• Israel
  • President - Chaim Weizmann, President of Israel (1948–1952)
  • Prime Minister - David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel (1948–1954)
• Japan (under Allied occupiation)
  • Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Shigeru Yoshida, Prime Minister of Japan (1948–1954)
  • Military Governor - Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (1945–1951)
• Jordan
  • Transjordan changed name to Jordan on 3 April 1949
  • Monarch - Abdullah I, King of Jordan (1921–1951)
  • Prime Minister - Tawfik Abu al-Huda, Prime Minister of Jordan (1947–1950)
• North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
  • Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party (1948–1994)
  • Head of State - Kim Tu-bong, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1948–1957)
  • Premier - Kim Il-sung, Premier of North Korea (1948–1972)
• South Korea (Republic of Korea)
  • President - Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea (1948–1960)
  • Prime Minister - Lee Beom-seok, Prime Minister of South Korea (1948–1950)
• Lebanon
  • President - Bechara El Khoury, President of Lebanon (1943–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Riad as-Solh, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1946–1951)
• Mongolia
  • Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1940–1954)
  • Head of State - Gonchigiin Bumtsend, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Hural of Mongolia (1940–1953)
  • Premier - Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1939–1952)
• Muscat and Oman
  • Monarch - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1932–1970)
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Prime Minister of Nepal (1948–1951)
• Pakistan
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Pakistan (1947–1952)
  • Governor-General - Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin, Governor-General of Pakistan (1948–1951)
  • Prime Minister - Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1947–1951)
• Philippines
  • President - Elpidio Quirino, President of the Philippines (1948–1953)
• Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch - Ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1932–1953)
• Siam (Thailand)
  • Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Siam (1946–present)
  • Prime Minister - Plaek Pibulsonggram, Prime Minister of Siam (1948–1957)
• Syria
  • Head of State -
    1. Shukri al-Quwatli, President of Syria (1943–1949)
    2. Husni al-Za'im, President of Syria (1949)
    3. Hashim al-Atassi, Head of State of Syria (1949–1951)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Khalid al-Azm, Prime Minister of Syria (1948–1949)
    2. Husni al-Za'im, Prime Minister of Syria (1949)
    3. Muhsin al-Barazi, Prime Minister of Syria (1949)
    4. Hashim al-Atassi, Prime Minister of Syria (1949)
    5. Nazim al-Kudsi, Prime Minister of Syria (1949)
    6. Khalid al-Azm, Prime Minister of Syria (1949–1950)
• Transjordan
  • see under Jordan
• Turkey
  • President - İsmet İnönü, President of Turkey (1938–1950)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hasan Saka, Prime Minister of Turkey (1947–1949)
    2. Şemsettin Günaltay, Prime Minister of Turkey (1949–1950)
• North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam)
  • Communist Party Leader - Trường Chinh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1941–1956)
  • President - Hồ Chí Minh, President of North Vietnam (1945–1969)
  • Premier - Hồ Chí Minh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1945–1955)
• South Vietnam (State of Vietnam)
  • Head of State -
    1. Nguyễn Văn Xuân, President of the Provisional Government of South Vietnam (1947–1949)
    2. Bảo Đại, Chief of State of South Vietnam (1949–1955)
  • Prime Minister - Bảo Đại, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1949–1950)
• Yemen
  • Monarch - Ahmad bin Yahya, King of Yemen (1948–1955)
  • Prime Minister - Hassan bin Yahya, Prime Minister of Yemen (1948–1955)

Europe

• Albania
  • Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
  • Head of State - Omer Nishani, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1944–1953)
  • Premier - Enver Hoxha, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1944–1954)
• Andorra
  • Monarchs -
    • French Co-Prince - Vincent Auriol, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1947–1954)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943–1969)
  • First Syndic - Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)
• Austria (under Allied occupation)
  • President - Karl Renner, Federal President of Austria (1945–1950)
  • Chancellor - Leopold Figl, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1945–1953)
  • American military governor - Geoffrey Keyes (1947–1950)
  • British military governor - Sir Alexander Galloway (1947–1950)
  • French military governor - Antoine Béthouart (1945–1950)
  • Soviet military governor -
    1. Vladimir Kurasov (1946–1949)
    2. Vladimir Sviridov (1949–1953)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Leopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)
  • Regent - Prince Charles, Regent of Belgium (1944–1950)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Paul-Henri Spaak, Prime Minister of Belgium (1947–1949)
    2. Gaston Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1949–1950)
• Bulgaria
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Georgi Dimitrov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1948–1949)
    2. Vulko Chervenkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1949–1954)
  • Head of State - Mincho Neychev, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1947–1950)
  • Premier -
    1. Georgi Dimitrov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1946–1949)
    2. Vasil Kolarov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1949–1950)
• Czechoslovakia
  • Communist Party Leader - Klement Gottwald, First Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1946–1953)
  • President - Klement Gottwald, President of Czechoslovakia (1948–1953)
  • Prime Minister - Antonín Zápotocký, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1948–1953)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Frederick IX, King of Denmark (1947–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Hans Hedtoft, Prime Minister of Denmark (1947–1950)
• Finland
  • President - Juho Kusti Paasikivi, President of Finland (1946–1956)
  • Prime Minister - Karl-August Fagerholm, Prime Minister of Finland (1948–1950)
• France
  • President - Vincent Auriol, President of France (1947–1954)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Henri Queuille, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1948–1949)
    2. Georges Bidault, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1949–1950)
• West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
  • the British, French, and American zones of Allied-occupied Germany gained independence on 7 September 1949
  • American Zone
    • Military Governor - Lucius D. Clay, Military Governor of the US Occupation Zone of Germany (1947–1949)
  • British Zone
    • Military Governor - Sir Brian Robertson, Military Governor of the British Occupation Zone of Germany (1947–1949)
  • French Zone
    • Military Governor - Marie Pierre Kœnig, Military Governor of the French Occupation Zone of Germany (1945–1949)
  • President -
    1. Karl Arnold, Acting Federal President of West Germany (1949)
    2. Theodor Heuss, Federal President of West Germany (1949–1959)
  • Chancellor - Konrad Adenauer, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1949–1963)
• East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
  • the Soviet zone of Allied-occupied Germany gained independence on 7 October 1949
  • Soviet Zone
    • Military Governor - Vasily Sokolovsky, Military Governor of the Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany (1946–1949)
  • Communist Party Leader - Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl, Co-General-Secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party (1946–1950)
  • President - Wilhelm Pieck, President of East Germany (1949–1960)
  • Premier - Otto Grotewohl, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1949–1964)
• Greece
  • Monarch - Paul, King of the Hellenes (1947–1964)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Themistoklis Sophoulis, Prime Minister of Greece (1947–1949)
    2. Alexandros Diomidis, Prime Minister of Greece (1949–1950)
• Hungary
  • Hungarian Republic superseded by the People's Republic of Hungary on 20 August 1949
  • Communist Party Leader - Mátyás Rákosi, First Secretary of the Hungarian Workers' Party (1945–1956)
  • Head of State - Árpád Szakasits, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1948–1950)
  • Premier - István Dobi, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1948–1952)
• Iceland
  • President - Sveinn Björnsson, President of Iceland (1944–1952)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Stefán Jóhann Stefánsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1947–1949)
    2. Ólafur Thors, Prime Minister of Iceland (1949–1950)
• Ireland
  • Éire changed name to Republic of Ireland
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Ireland (1936–1949)
  • President - Seán T. O'Kelly, President of Ireland (1945–1959)
  • Prime Minister - John A. Costello, Taoiseach of Ireland (1948–1951)
• Italy
  • President - Luigi Einaudi, President of Italy (1948–1955)
  • Prime Minister - Alcide De Gasperi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1945–1953)
• Liechtenstein
  • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Alexander Frick, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1945–1962)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Dupong, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1937–1953)
• Monaco
  • Monarch -
    1. Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
    2. Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
  • Head of Government -
    1. Pierre Blanchy, Acting Minister of State of Monaco (1949)
    2. Jacques Rueff, Minister of State of Monaco (1949–1950)
• Netherlands
  • Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980)
  • Prime Minister - Willem Drees, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958)
• Norway
  • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)
  • Prime Minister - Einar Gerhardsen, Prime Minister of Norway (1945–1951)
• Poland
  • Communist Party Leader - Bolesław Bierut, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1948–1956)
  • President - Bolesław Bierut, President of Poland (1944–1952)
  • Premier - Józef Cyrankiewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1947–1952)
• Portugal
  • President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
  • Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)
• Romania
  • Communist Party Leader - Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, General Secretary of the Romanian Workers' Party (1945–1954)
  • Head of State - Constantin Ion Parhon, Chairman of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly of Romania (1947–1952)
  • Premier - Petru Groza, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1945–1952)
• San Marino
  • Captains Regent -
    1. Giordano Giacomini and Domenico Tomassoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1948–March 1949)
    2. Ferruccio Martelli and Primo Bugli, Captains Regent of San Marino (April–September 1949)
    3. Vincenzo Pedini and Agostino Biordi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1949–March 1950)
• Soviet Union
  • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, Senior Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
  • Head of State - Nikolay Shvernik, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1946–1953)
  • Premier - Joseph Stalin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953)
• Spain
  • Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, President of the Government of Spain (1939–1973)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1946–1969)
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Federal Council:

    Philipp Etter (1934–1959), Enrico Celio (1940–1950), Eduard von Steiger (1940–1951), Karl Kobelt (1940–1954), Ernst Nobs (1943–1951, President), Max Petitpierre (1944–1961), Rodolphe Rubattel (1947–1954)

• United Kingdom
  • Monarch - George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1945–1951)
• Vatican City
  • Monarch - Pope Pius XII, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1939–1958)
  • President of the Governorate - Nicola Canali, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1939–1961)
• Yugoslavia
  • Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, General Secretary of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945–1980)
  • Head of State - Ivan Ribar, President of the Presidency of the People's Assembly of Yugoslavia (1945–1953)
  • Prime Minister - Josip Broz Tito, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

North America

• Canada
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Canada (1936–1952)
  • Governor General - Harold Alexander, Viscount Alexander of Tunis, Governor General of Canada (1946–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Louis St. Laurent, Prime Minister of Canada (1948–1957)
• Costa Rica
  • President -
    1. José Figueres Ferrer, President of Costa Rica (1948–1949)
    2. Otilio Ulate Blanco, President of Costa Rica (1949–1953)
• Cuba
  • President - Carlos Prío Socarrás, President of Cuba (1948–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Manuel Antonio de Varona y Loredo, Prime Minister of Cuba (1948–1950)
• Dominican Republic
  • President - Rafael Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1942–1952)
• El Salvador
  • Head of State - Revolutionary Council of Government, Head of State of El Salvador (1948–1950)
• Guatemala
  • President - Juan José Arévalo, President of Guatemala (1945–1951)
• Haiti
  • President - Dumarsais Estimé, President of Haiti (1946–1950)
• Honduras
  • President -
    1. Tiburcio Carías Andino, President of Honduras (1933–1949)
    2. Juan Manuel Gálvez, President of Honduras (1949–1954)
• Mexico
  • President - Miguel Alemán Valdés, President of Mexico (1946–1952)
• Nicaragua
  • President - Víctor Manuel Román y Reyes, President of Nicaragua (1947–1950)
• Panama
  • President -
    1. Domingo Díaz Arosemena, President of Panama (1948–1949)
    2. Daniel Chanis Pinzón, President of Panama (1949)
    3. Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón, President of Panama (1949)
    4. Arnulfo Arias, President of Panama (1949–1951)
• United States of America
  • President - Harry S. Truman, President of the United States (1945–1953)

Oceania

• Australia
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Australia (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - William McKell, Governor-General of Australia (1947–1953)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ben Chifley, Prime Minister of Australia (1945–1949)
    2. Robert Menzies, Prime Minister of Australia (1949–1966)
• New Zealand
  • Monarch - George VI, King of New Zealand (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - Sir Bernard Freyberg, Governor-General of New Zealand (1946–1952)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Peter Fraser, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1940–1949)
    2. Sidney Holland, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1949–1957)

South America

• Argentina
  • President - Juan Perón, President of Argentina (1946–1955)
• Bolivia
  • President -
    1. Enrique Hertzog, President of Bolivia (1947–1949)
    2. Mamerto Urriolagoitia, President of Bolivia (1949–1951)
• Brazil
  • President - Eurico Gaspar Dutra, President of Brazil (1946–1951)
• Chile
  • President - Gabriel González Videla, President of Chile (1946–1952)
• Colombia
  • President - Mariano Ospina Pérez, President of Colombia (1946–1950)
• Ecuador
  • President - Galo Plaza, President of Ecuador (1948–1952)
• Paraguay
  • President -
    1. Juan Natalicio González, President of Paraguay (1948–1949)
    2. Raimundo Rolón, Provisional President of Paraguay (1949)
    3. Felipe Molas López, President of Paraguay (1949)
    4. Federico Chávez, President of Paraguay (1949–1954)
• Peru
  • President - Manuel A. Odría, President of Peru (1948–1950)
• Uruguay
  • President - Luis Batlle Berres, President of Uruguay (1947–1951)
• Venezuela
  • Head of State - Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, Chairman of the Military Junta of Venezuela (1948–1950)