List of thermodynamic properties

Main article: Intensive and extensive properties

Thermodynamic properties and their characteristics

Property	Symbol	Units	Extensive?	Intensive?	Conjugate	Potential?	State qty.?	Process qty.?
Activity	$a$	–		Y			Y
Altitude		m	Y				Y
Chemical potential	$\mu_i$	kJ/mol		Y	Particle number $N_i$		Y
Compressibility (adiabatic)	$\beta_S$, $\kappa$	Pa−1		Y			Y
Compressibility (isothermal)	$\beta_T$, $\kappa$	Pa−1		Y			Y
Cryoscopic constant	$K_f$	K·kg/mol
Density	$\rho$	kg/m3		Y			Y
Ebullioscopic constant	$K_b$
Enthalpy	$H$	J	Y			Y	Y
↳ Specific enthalpy	$h$	J/kg		Y			Y
Entropy	$S$	J/K	Y		Temperature $T$	Y (entropic)	Y
↳ Specific entropy	$s$	J/(kg K)		Y			Y
Fugacity	$f$	N/m²		Y			Y
Gas constant	$R, \bar R$	J/K		Y
↳ Specific gas constant       (for a particular substance)	$R_S$	J/(kg K)		Y
Gibbs free energy	$G$	J	Y			Y	Y
↳ Specific Gibbs free entropy	$g$	J/(kg K)		Y			Y
Gibbs free entropy	$\Xi$	J/K	Y			Y (entropic)	Y
Grand / Landau potential	$\Omega$	J	Y			Y	Y
Heat	$Q$	J	Y					Y
Heat capacity (constant pressure)	$C_p$	J/K	Y				Y
↳ Specific heat capacity       (constant pressure)	$c_p$	J/(kg·K)		Y			Y
Heat capacity (constant volume)	$C_v$	J/K	Y				Y
↳ Specific heat capacity       (constant volume)	$c_v$	J/(kg·K)		Y			Y
Helmholtz free energy	$A$, $F$	J	Y			Y	Y
Helmholtz free entropy	$\Phi$	J/K	Y			Y (entropic)	Y
Internal energy	$U$	J	Y			Y	Y
↳ Specific internal energy	$u$	J/kg		Y			Y
Internal pressure	$\pi _T$	Pa		Y			Y
Mass	$m$	kg	Y
Particle number	$N_i$	–	Y		Chemical potential $\mu_i$
Pressure	$p$	Pa		Y	Volume $V$		Y
Temperature	$T$	K		Y	Entropy $S$		Y
Thermal conductivity	$k$	W/(m·K)		Y			Y
Thermal diffusivity	$\alpha$	m²/s		Y			Y
Thermal expansion (linear)	$\alpha_L$	K−1		Y			Y
Thermal expansion (area)	$\alpha_A$	K−1		Y			Y
Thermal expansion (volumetric)	$\alpha_V$	K−1		Y			Y
Vapor quality	$\chi$	–		Y			Y
Volume	$V$	m3	Y		Pressure $P$		Y
↳ Specific volume	$v$	m3/kg		Y			Y
Work	$W$	J	Y					Y

Specific properties are expressed on a per mass basis; in some circumstances other dimensions could be used, such as per-mole.

See also

• Dimensionless numbers
• Thermodynamic databases for pure substances
• Thermodynamic variable