List of wars involving the United States
It has been suggested that List of armed conflicts involving the United States be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since July 2022. |
This is a list of wars and rebellions involving the United States of America.[1] Currently, there are 107 wars on this list, 3 of which are ongoing.
- USA defeat
- USA victory
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
- Ongoing conflict
18th-century wars
19th-century wars
Conflict | Allies | Belligerent | Result for the United States and its Allies | Presidents of the United States |
---|---|---|---|---|
First Barbary War (1801–1805) Part of the Barbary Wars Location: Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Tripoli |
United States[2] Sweden[2] Kingdom of Sicily[2] Malta Protectorate[2] Kingdom of Portugal[2] Sultanate of Morocco[2] |
Ottoman Tripolitania[3] Sultanate of Morocco[3] |
US-allied victory | Thomas Jefferson |
Tecumseh's War (1810–1813) Part of the American Indian Wars and the War of 1812 Location: Northwest River Ohio |
United States | Tecumseh's Confederacy
List |
US victory | James Madison |
War of 1812 (1812–1815) Location: Eastern and Central North America |
United States Choctaw Nation Cherokee Nation Creek Allies |
United Kingdom
List |
Inconclusive/Other Result
| |
Creek War (1813–1814) Part of the American Indian Wars and the War of 1812 Location: Southern United States |
United States Lower Creeks Cherokee Nation Choctaw Nation |
Red Stick Creek | US-allied victory | |
Second Barbary War (1815) Part of the Barbary Wars Location: Mediterranean Sea and the Barbary States |
United States | Deylik of Algiers |
US victory | |
First Seminole War (1817–1818) Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars Location: Pensacola, Spanish Florida |
United States | Seminole
|
US victory
|
James Monroe |
Arikara War (1823) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Missouri River |
United States | Arikara | Inconclusive/Other Result
| |
Winnebago War (1827) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Illinois and Michigan Territory |
United States Choctaw Nation |
Prairie La Crosse Ho-Chunks with a few allies |
US-allied victory
|
John Quincy Adams |
Black Hawk War (1832) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Illinois and Michigan Territory |
United States Ho-Chunk Menominee Dakota Potawatomi |
Black Hawk's British Band Ho-Chunk and Potawatomi allies |
US-allied victory
|
Andrew Jackson |
Texas Revolution (1835–1836) Location: Texas |
Republic of Texas
|
Mexican Republic | Texan victory
| |
Second Seminole War (1835–1842) Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars Location: Florida, United States |
United States | Seminole | US victory
|
Andrew Jackson (March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)
Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841) William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841) John Tyler (April 4, 1841 –March 4, 1845) |
Texas Comanche Wars (1836–1875) Part of the Texas–Indian wars and the American Indian Wars Location: South-central United States (Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Kansas, Colorado) and northern Mexico |
Republic of Texas United States |
Comanche | US victory | Andrew Jackson (March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)
Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841) William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841) John Tyler (April 4, 1841 –March 4, 1845) James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849) Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850) Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853) Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857) James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861) Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865) Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869) Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877) |
Aroostook War (1838–1839) Location: Maine–New Brunswick border |
United States | United Kingdom British America |
Inconclusive/Other Result | Martin Van Buren |
Mexican–American War (1846–1848) Location: Texas, New Mexico, California and Mexico |
United States California Republic |
Mexico | US-allied victory
|
James K. Polk |
Cayuse War (1847–1855) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Oregon |
United States | Cayuse | US victory
|
James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)
Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850) Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853) Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857) |
Apache Wars (1849–1924) Part of the Texas–Indian wars and the American Indian Wars Location: Southwestern United States |
United States | Apache Ute Yavapai |
US victory
|
James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)
Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850) Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853) Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857) James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861) Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865) Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869) Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877) Rutherford B. Hayes (March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881) James A. Garfield (March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881) Chester A. Arthur (September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885) Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889) Benjamin Harrison (March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893) Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897) William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901) Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909) William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913) Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) Warren G. Harding (March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923) Calvin Coolidge (August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1929) |
Navajo Wars (1849–1866) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: New Mexico |
United States | Navajo Nation | US victory
|
James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)
Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850) Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853) Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857) James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861) Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865) Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869) |
Bleeding Kansas (1854–1861) Location: Kansas and Missouri |
Anti-slavery settlers (Free-Staters) |
Pro-slavery settlers (Border Ruffians) | Free-Stater victory.
|
Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)
James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861) |
Puget Sound War (1855–1856) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Washington |
United States Snoqualmie |
Nisqually Muckleshoot Puyallup Klickitat Haida Tlingit |
US victory
|
Franklin Pierce |
Rogue River Wars (1855–1856) Location: Rogue Valley |
United States | Rogue River people | US victory
| |
Third Seminole War (1855–1858) Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars Location: Pensacola, Florida |
United States | Seminole | US victory
|
Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)
James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861) Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865) Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869) |
Yakima War (1855–1858) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Washington Territory |
United States Snoqualmie |
Yakama Walla Walla tribe Umatilla tribe Nez Perce tribe Cayuse tribe |
US victory | |
Second Opium War (1856–1859) Part of the Opium Wars Location: China |
British Empire French Empire United States |
China | US victory
| |
Utah War (1857–1858) Part of the Mormon wars Location: Utah Territory and Wyoming |
United States | Deseret/Utah Mormons | Inconclusive/Other Result
| |
Reform War (1858–1866) Location: Mexico |
Liberals United States |
Conservatives | Liberals - US victory | |
Pig War (1859) Location: San Juan Islands |
United States | United Kingdom | Inconclusive
|
James Buchanan |
John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry (1859) Part of pre-Civil War conflicts Location: West Virginia |
United States | Abolitionist Insurgents | US victory | |
First and Second Cortina War (1859–1861) Location: Texas and Mexico |
United States
|
Cortinista bandits | US-allied victory | |
Paiute War (1860) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Pyramid Lake, Nevada |
United States | Paiute Shoshone Bannock |
US victory | |
American Civil War (1861–1865) Location: Southern United States, Indian Territory, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean |
United States Indian Home Guard Seminole Nation (Western) (most)[6] Seminole Nation (Florida) Muskogee Nation (part)[7] |
Confederate States Cherokee Nation Choctaw Nation Catawba Chickasaw Nation (part) Muskogee Nation (part) Seminole Nation (Western) (part) Comanche Nation (part) |
US victory
|
|
Yavapai Wars (1861–1875) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Arizona |
United States | Yavapai Apache Yuma Mohave |
US victory |
Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865) Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869) Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877) |
Dakota War of 1862 (1862) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Minnesota and Dakota |
United States | Dakota Sioux | US victory | Abraham Lincoln |
Colorado War (1863–1865) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska |
United States | Cheyenne Arapaho Sioux |
Inconclusive/Other Result
| |
Snake War (1864–1868) Part of the American Indian Wars Locations: Oregon, Nevada, California, and Idaho |
United States | Paiute Bannock Shoshone |
US victory | Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)
Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869) |
Powder River War (1865) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Powder River State |
United States | Sioux Cheyenne Arapaho |
Inconclusive | |
Red Cloud's War (1866–1868) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Powder River State |
United States Crow Nation |
Lakota Cheyenne Arapaho |
Lakota-allied victory
| |
Formosa Expedition (1867) Location: Hengchun, Taiwan, Qing China' |
United States | Paiwan | US victory | |
Comanche Campaign (1867–1875) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Western United States |
United States | Cheyenne Arapaho Comanche Kiowa |
US victory | Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)
Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877) |
United States expedition to Korea (1871) Location: Ganghwa Island |
United States | Joseon dynasty | Inconclusive/Other Result
American military victory American diplomatic failure
|
Ulysses S. Grant |
Modoc War (1872–1873) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: California and Oregon |
United States | Modoc | US victory | |
Red River War (1874–1875) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Texas |
United States | Cheyenne Arapaho Comanche Kiowa |
US victory
| |
Las Cuevas War (1875) Location: Texas and Mexico |
United States | Mexican bandits | US victory
| |
Great Sioux War of 1876 (1876–1877) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Montana, Dakota and Wyoming |
United States | Lakota Dakota Sioux Northern Cheyenne Arapaho |
US victory
| |
Buffalo Hunters' War (1876–1877) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Texas and Oklahoma |
United States | Comanche Apache |
US victory | |
Nez Perce War (1877) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana |
United States | Nez Perce Palouse |
US victory | Rutherford B. Hayes |
Bannock War (1878) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Idaho, Oregon, and Wyoming |
United States | Bannock Shoshone Paiute |
US victory | |
Cheyenne War (1878–1879) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and Montana |
United States | Cheyenne | US victory | |
Sheepeater Indian War (1879) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Idaho |
United States | Shoshone | US victory | |
Victorio's War (1879–1880) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Mexico |
United States Mexico |
Apache | US-allied victory | |
White River War (1879) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Colorado |
United States | Ute | US victory | |
Egyptian Expedition (1882) Part of the Anglo-Egyptian War Location: Alexandria |
United States | Egypt | US victory | Chester A. Arthur |
Crow War (1887) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Montana |
United States | Crow people | US victory | Grover Cleveland |
Ghost Dance War (1890–1891) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: South Dakota |
United States | Sioux | US victory | Benjamin Harrison |
Bering Sea Anti-Poaching Operations (1891) Location: Bering Sea, Pacific Ocean |
United States United Kingdom |
Canadian Poachers | Anglo-American victory | |
Garza War (1891–1893) Location: Texas and Mexico |
Mexico United States |
Garzistas | US-allied victory | |
Yaqui Wars (1896–1918) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Arizona and Mexico |
United States Mexico |
Yaqui Pima Opata |
US-allied victory | Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897)
|
Second Samoan Civil War (1898–1899) Location: Samoa |
Samoa United States |
Mataafans German Empire |
Inconclusive/Other Result
|
William McKinley |
Spanish–American War (1898) Location: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines and Guam |
United States Cuban Revolutionaries Filipino Revolutionaries |
Spain | US-allied victory
| |
Philippine–American War (1899–1902) Location: Philippines |
1899–1902 United States 1902-1906 |
1899–1902 Philippine Republic Limited Foreign Support: 1902-1906 |
US victory
|
William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901)
|
Moro Rebellion (1899–1913) Location: Philippines |
United States | Moro Remnants of the Sulu Sultanate |
US victory
|
William McKinley (March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901)
|
Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901) Location: China |
British Empire
Russian Empire |
Boxers China (from 1900) |
US-allied victory
|
William McKinley |
20th-century wars
- ^ Advisory role from the forming of the MAAG in Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin incident.
- ^ Direct U.S. involvement ended in 1973 with the Paris Peace Accords. The Paris Peace Accords of January 1973 saw all U.S forces withdrawn; the Case–Church Amendment, passed by the U.S Congress on 15 August 1973, officially ended direct U.S military involvement .
- ^ The war reignited on December 13, 1974 with offensive operations by North Vietnam, leading to victory over South Vietnam in under two months.
21st-century wars
Conflict | Allies | Belligerent | Result for the United States and its Allies | Presidents of the United States |
---|---|---|---|---|
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) Part of the War on terror and the Afghanistan conflict Location: Afghanistan |
Resolute Support Mission Afghanistan United States Canada United Kingdom Australia New Zealand Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Georgia Germany Netherlands Italy Romania Slovakia Spain Turkey Formerly: ISAF |
Taliban
Allied groups
Taliban splinter groups 2001 Invasion: |
Taliban victory / US-allied defeat
|
George W. Bush (October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama Donald Trump Joe Biden |
American intervention in Yemen (2002–present) Part of the War on terror, the Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen, the Yemeni Civil War and the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen Location: Yemen |
United States
Saudi-led coalition: In support of: |
al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula Ansar al-Sharia Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Yemen Province |
Ongoing
|
George W. Bush (October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama Donald Trump Joe Biden |
Iraq War (2003–2011) Part of the War on terror Location: Iraq |
Post-invasion (2003–2011) United States List
Invasion phase (2003) |
Post-invasion (2003–2011) Invasion phase (2003) |
Inconclusive/Other Result
|
George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama |
American intervention in the War in North-West Pakistan (2004–2018) Part of the War on terror and the War in North-West Pakistan Location: Pakistan |
Pakistan Supported by: |
Taliban Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan Haqqani network al-Qaeda Lashkar-e-Jhangvi Foreign Mujahideen Uzbek Islamic Movement Turkistan Islamic Party Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi |
US-allied victory
|
George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama Donald Trump |
Second U.S. Intervention in the Somali Civil War (2007–present) Part of the Somali Civil War, the Somali Civil War and the War on terror Location: Somalia and Northeastern Kenya |
Somalia United States
Supported by: Non-combat support: |
al-Shabaab Mujahideen Islamic State in Somalia |
Ongoing
|
George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama Donald Trump Joe Biden |
Operation Ocean Shield (2009–2016) Part of the War on terror Location: Indian Ocean |
Australia |
Somali pirates | US-allied victory
|
Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) |
International intervention in Libya (2011) Part of the Libyan Crisis and the First Libyan Civil War Location: Libya |
Sweden |
Libya | US-allied victory
| |
Operation Observant Compass (2011–2017) Part of the War on terror and the Lord's Resistance Army insurgency Location: Uganda |
United States Uganda DR Congo Central African Republic South Sudan |
Lord's Resistance Army | US-allied victory
| |
American-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2021) Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the War in Iraq (2013–2017), the Spillover of the Syrian civil war, the War on terror and the International ISIS campaign Location: Iraq |
United States Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan CJTF-OIR Members: |
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria White Flags |
US-allied Coalition and Iraqi victory
|
Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump Joe Biden |
American-led intervention in Syria (2014–present) Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the Syrian civil war, the War on terror and the International ISIS campaign Location: Syria |
United States Revolutionary Commando Army Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
CJTF-OIR Members: Israel (limited involvement; against Hezbollah and government forces only) |
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria al-Qaeda linked groups:
Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria Syria (limited encounters with US and Israel) |
Ongoing
|
Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump Joe Biden |
American intervention in Libya (2015–2019) Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the Second Libyan Civil War, the War on terror, and the International ISIS Campaign Location: Libya |
United States | Islamic State in Libya |
ISIS in Libya largely defeated
|
Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump |
See also
- List of armed conflicts involving the United States
- Military history
- Timeline of United States military operations
- United States involvement in regime change
- List of ongoing armed conflicts
Notes
- ^ These numbers are gathered from a combination of surviving muster rolls and veteran applications for land grants. It is likely that the statistics on the Texan army size in both 1835 and 1836 underestimate the number of Tejanos who served in the army. American volunteers who returned to the U.S. without claiming land are also undercounted. Lack (1992), p. 113.
References
- ^ Kelly, Martin (November 4, 2020). "American Involvement in Wars From Colonial Times to the Present". ThoughtCo. Retrieved January 31, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f "Tripolitan War | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
- ^ a b r2WPadmin. "First Barbary War". American History Central. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Serial 89, 18th Congress, 1st Session, Senate Document No. 1, p. 95
- ^ Lack (1992), pp. 122–3.
- ^ "The Indians". The Philadelphia Inquirer. November 12, 1884.
- ^ "Union and Confederate Indians in the Civil War". civilwarhome.com. February 16, 2002. Archived from the original on February 13, 2021. Retrieved December 12, 2021.
- ^ "City of Albuquerque". City of Albuquerque.
- ^ Yun, Jiwon (2019). "Vietnam's Politic of a Divided Nation: From the Reunification to DoiMoi (Renovation) and Its Implication for the Korean Peninsula and North Korea". International Journal of Korean Unification Studies. 28 (1): 63–92. doi:10.33728/ijkus.2019.28.1.003. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
- ^ "Who won the Vietnam War? | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 4, 2022.
- ^ "Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Larry Speakes". September 23, 1982.
- ^ Brinkley, Joel (March 11, 1984). "The Collapse of Lebanon's Army: U.S. Said to Ignore Factionalism". The New York Times.
- ^ Article title [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Cambridge Scholars Publisher (2015). Coercive Diplomacy of NATO in Kosovo. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 289–. ISBN 978-1-4438-7668-1.
- ^ Erlanger, Steven (November 7, 1999). "NATO Was Closer to Ground War in Kosovo Than Is Widely Realized". The New York Times.
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- ^ "Central Asian groups split over leadership of global jihad". The Long War Journal. August 24, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Troops in Afghanistan now down to 2,500, lowest since 2001: Pentagon". Reuters. January 15, 2021.
- ^ "Remarks by President Biden on Afghanistan". The White House. August 16, 2021.
- ^ Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Katzenberg, Lauren (August 30, 2021). "The U.S. military finishes its evacuation, and an era ends in Afghanistan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
- ^ Lou, Mary (January 1, 2022). "Taliban a 'major U.S. arms dealer' after weaponry left behind in Afghanistan, watchdog warns". Just The News. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
- ^ "Drone War: Yemen". The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. Retrieved June 28, 2019.
- ^ "Yemen Leaders Killed". Washington, DC, USA: New America. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
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- ^ Gatehouse, Gabriel (September 11, 2015). "Inside Yemen's forgotten war". BBC News. Archived from the original on October 29, 2015.
- ^ "Sectarian divisions change Baghdad's image". NBC News. July 3, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2007.
- ^ Petrou, Michael (September 9, 2011). "The decline of al-Qaeda". Maclean's.
George W. Bush gambled on surging thousands more troops to the embattled country. It paid off. Al-Qaeda in Iraq is now a diminished force without territory.
- ^ Spencer C. Tucker (December 14, 2015). U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror. ISBN 978-1-4408-3879-8.
Al Qaeda in Iraq was decimated by the end of the Iraq War in 2011
- ^ South, Todd (January 20, 2019). "Army's long-awaited Iraq war study finds Iran was the only winner in a conflict that holds many lessons for future wars". Army Times. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
- ^ Galbraith, Peter W. (2007). The End of Iraq: How American Incompetence Created a War Without End. Simon & Schuster. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-7432-9424-9.
- ^ "Iran expands regional 'empire' ahead of nuclear deal". Reuters. March 23, 2015.
- ^ "How to Stop Iran's Growing Hegemony". National Review Online. April 10, 2015.
- ^ "The JRTN Movement and Iraq's Next Insurgency | Combating Terrorism Center at West Point". Ctc.usma.edu. Archived from the original on August 26, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
- ^ "Al-Qaeda's Resurgence in Iraq: A Threat to U.S. Interests". U.S. Department of State. February 5, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
- ^ "Drone War: Pakistan". The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
- ^ "Pakistan Leaders Killed" Archived 18 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. New America Foundation. 23 June 2018
- ^ "US Drone Kills Afghan-Based Pakistani Taliban Commander". Voice of America (VOA). July 4, 2018.
- ^ "CIA drone strikes in Pakistan, 2004 to present". Bureau of Investigative Journalism. 24 January 2018. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Somalia, EUTM. "Home". EUTM-Somalia. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
- ^ a b c "Service and Sacrifice: Ugandan 'Blue Helmets' support UN efforts to bring peace to Somalia". UN News. April 18, 2019. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
- ^ "Somali, U.S. forces engage insurgents in support of the Federal Government of Somalia". www.africom.mil. February 23, 2022.
- ^ "Biden approves deployment of hundreds of US troops to Somalia". aljazeera.com. June 4, 2022.
- ^ "New Somali President Welcomes Return of US Troops". voanews.com. June 4, 2022.
- ^ "Somali piracy is down 90 per cent from last year". The Journal. December 15, 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
- ^ Holmes, Oliver (January 24, 2012). "UPDATE 1-Anger, chaos but no revolt after Libya violence". Bani Walid. Reuters Africa. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
- ^ "Baghdad declares victory over ISIS". NBC News. February 5, 2018. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
- ^ "IS left 200 mass graves in Iraq - UN". November 6, 2018. Retrieved June 21, 2019.
- ^ Arraf, Jane (December 9, 2021). "U.S. Announces End to Combat Mission in Iraq, but Troops Will Not Leave". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021.
- ^ "US-led combat mission in Iraq ends, shifting to advisory role". aljazeera.com.
- ^ "U.S.-led troops end Iraq combat mission, as planned - military officials". reuters.com. December 9, 2021.
- ^ Reuters (June 15, 2019). "Belgium takes back six children of Isis fighters from Syrian camps". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved June 15, 2019.
{{cite news}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ Seligman, Lara. "Troops to stay put in Syria even as Biden seeks to end America's 'forever wars'". Politico. Politico. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
External links
- Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
- Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements
- A Continent Divided: The U.S.-Mexico War[permanent dead link], Center for Greater Southwestern Studies, the University of Texas at Arlington
- Timeline of wars involving the United States, Histropedia
- U.S. Periods of War and Dates of Recent Conflicts, Congressional Research Service