Lithium iodide
| Lithium iodide | |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 10377-51-2  , 17023-24-4 (monohydrate) 17023-25-5 (dihydrate) 7790-22-9 (trihydrate) |
| PubChem | 66321 |
| ChemSpider | 59699 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | LiI |
| Molar mass | 133.85 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Density | 4.076 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 3.494 g/cm3 (trihydrate) |
| Melting point |
469 °C |
| Boiling point |
1171 °C |
| Solubility in water | 151 g/100 mL (25 °C) 433 g/100 mL (100 °C) [1] |
| Solubility in methanol | 343 g/100 mL (20 °C) |
| Solubility in acetone | 42.6 g/100 mL (18 °C) |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.955 |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
-2.02 kJ/g |
| Specific heat capacity, C | 0.381 J/g K |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| EU Index | Not listed |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Lithium fluoride Lithium chloride Lithium bromide. |
| Other cations | Sodium iodide Potassium iodide Rubidium iodide Caesium iodide |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Lithium iodide, or LiI, is a compound of lithium and iodine. When exposed to air, it becomes yellow in color, due to the oxidation of iodide to iodine.[2] It crystallizes in the NaCl motif.[3] Various hydrates are also known.[4]
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[edit] Applications
Lithium iodide is used as an electrolyte for high temperature batteries. It is also used for long life batteries as required, for example, by artificial pacemakers. The solid is used as a phosphor for neutron detection.[5]
In organic synthesis, LiI is useful for cleaving C-O bonds. For example it can be used to convert methyl esters to carboxylic acids:[6]
- RCO2Me + LiI + H2O → RCO2H + LiOH
Similar reactions apply to epoxides and aziridines.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
- ^ "A PDF file from ESPICorp Inc., a supplier of lithium iodide" (PDF). http://www.espimetals.com/msds's/lithiumiodide.pdf. Retrieved 2005-09-16.
- ^ Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
- ^ Ulrich Wietelmann, Richard J. Bauer "Lithium and Lithium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a15_393.
- ^ Some lithium iodide phosphors for slow neutron detection, K. P. Nicholson et al. Br. J. Appl. Phys. 6 104-106 (1955) doi:10.1088/0508-3443/6/3/311
- ^ André B. Charette, J. Kent Barbay, Wei He "Lithium Iodide" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2005, John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rl121.pub2
[edit] External links
- "Webelements – Lithium Iodide". http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/Li/I1Li1-10377512.html. Retrieved 2005-09-16. -->
- "Composition of LITHIUM IODIDE - NIST". http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Star/compos.pl?matno=187. Retrieved 2006-02-03. -->
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