Liverpool gay quarter

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Liverpool Gay Quarter
Liverpool gay quarter official branding
Stanley Street Liverpool.jpg
Rainbow street sign at Liverpool gay quarter
Postal code L1/L2
Location Liverpool City Centre, Liverpool, UK
Coordinates: 53°24′26″N 2°59′13″W / 53.40722°N 2.98694°W / 53.40722; -2.98694
North Dale Street
East Cumberland Street
South Victoria Street
West Eberle Street
Other
Known for LGBT community, Gay bars & clubs, Gay clubbing, Liverpool Pride

Liverpool's "Gay Quarter" (sometimes Liverpool gay village or the "Stanley Street Quarter"[1]) is a relatively modern term to identify the gay scene in Liverpool.

The area encompasses Stanley Street, Cumberland Street, Victoria St and Eberle St, and is where the bulk of the gay bars and clubs are located in Liverpool, in North West England. Stanley St is the main hub of the gay quarter and is where most of the bars are found. On 12 August 2011, the area received official recognition by Liverpool City Council.[2]

Contents

History of Gay Liverpool [edit]

See also: LGBT culture in Liverpool

Victorian Criminalisation to Queen Square [edit]

Queen Square, Liverpool, circa 1960

In keeping with Liverpool's history as a major seafaring port, the local gay community can be traced as far back as the Victorian era. Whilst in the past research into this area has been limited and scarce, interest has grown considerably in recent times.

In his 2011 lecture 'Policing Sex Between Men: 1850-1971', historian Jeff Evans examined 70,000 criminal records dating back to 1850 and was able to shed light on hundreds of records of men prosecuted under the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 (the law used to prosecute Oscar Wilde) found in the court papers of Liverpool and North West England.[3][4][5]

The legacy of Victorian laws and homosexual criminalisation meant that the city's lesbian and gay community would be largely underground for the next century and little is known about it during this period. However, recent research has highlighted the existence of an unofficial gay quarter around Queen Square from as early as the 1940s, which earned itself the nickname "Covent Garden of the North".[6] Although gay sex between consenting adults was not legalised until 1967, the gay community enjoyed relative acceptance in this area and establishments such as the Stork Hotel, the Roebuck, Spanish House, Magic Clock, Royal Court, and The Dart all boasted a substantial gay clientele, albeit liaisons were still held in secret to a degree.[7][8] By the early 1970s, a gay society named 'The Homophile Society', which campaigned for homosexual equality, was formed at the University of Liverpool.[9]

Queen Square to Stanley Street [edit]

The building of the new St. John's Shopping Centre and subsequent demolition of the original Queen Square meant the gay community was forced to find a new home and by 1972, with the opening of Paco's, the community had now began to settle around Stanley Street in what was to develop into Liverpool's modern day Gay Quarter.[10]

Timeline of Liverpool's Gay Scene [edit]

Date Sequence of Events Sources
1940s - 1960s Queen Square the centre of Liverpool's original gay quarter [11][12]
1960s - 1970s Building of St. John's Shopping Centre marks beginning of decline for original gay scene. Landscape of Queen Square changed as Roe Street Gyratory and bus station opens. Original gay bar, The Stork, is demolished in 1975. [13]
1970s - 1980s Critical mass of gay venues now centred around Stanley Street. Opening of several gay establishments in the area including Jody's, The Curzon, The Lisbon, and Paco's. First recorded Liverpool Gay Pride Festival took place in 1979. [14][15][16]
10 Dec 2009 Stanley St/Cumberland St/Eberle St are pedestrianised at night [17]
7 Aug 2010 City's first "Official" Pride festival held in the Gay Quarter [18]
February 2011 Plans to revamp gay quarter unveiled by Liverpool City Council [19]
6 Aug 2011 Main focus of Liverpool Pride is relocated to Pier Head. G-Bar, Garlands, and the Liverpool Gay Business Association organise first ever independent Gay Quarter Pride to complement existing celebrations [20][21]
12 Aug 2011 Liverpool City Council officially recognises Gay Quarter as a distinct city centre district. Plans to revamp the area are approved [22]
11 Nov 2011 Liverpool becomes the first British city to install rainbow street signs identifying the Gay Quarter [23]

Further Research [edit]

Research into Liverpool's gay past took a significant turning point in 2004 as part of the inaugural Homotopia celebrations, the city's home grown gay arts festival. A major project titled 'Tales From Yester-Queer' organised in conjunction with The Armistead Project, Unity Theatre and Liverpool Record Office, became the first ever attempt to pay tribute to the experiences of older lesbian and gay Liverpudlians. The project involved collecting and collating various spoken, written and video sources, as well as a short film commission 'Gayzin Liverpool', produced by local filmmaker Sandi Hughes.[24][25][26]

The event became the catalyst for a major public perspective of gay and lesbian Liverpool and shortly followed was 'Our Story Liverpool', an oral history resource which recorded the experiences of community members from the 1930s to the present day.[27][28]

A similar and more recent project titled "Pink: Past & Present" has also explored the rich lesbian and gay history of the city[29] which had its world premier in November 2010.[30][31]

Present Day Gay Quarter [edit]

Regular community events now take place on Stanley Street thanks to pedestrianisation

Pedestrianisation [edit]

In June 2008, Liverpool City Council launched a Public consultation on the partial pedestrianisation of streets in the gay quarter, with a view to enhancing the night time leisure experience of the area.[32] The council had originally proposed to ban traffic in Stanley Street, Cumberland Street and Eberle Street after 6pm with the use of automatic hydraulic bollards at strategic locations.

After concerns were raised over restricted access to the streets by some businesses in the area, the City Council proposed to reduce hours of street closure and held a second consultation in November 2008.[33] It was decided that reduced hours of street closure would be a compromise to accommodate deliveries to some day-time businesses in the area.[citation needed]

As a result of campaigns from the LGBT community, the Council held a third consultation between Friday 23 January 2009 and Friday 20 February 2009, and proposed longer hours of pedestrianisation. After analysing public opinion, the City Council decided that hours proposed the third time round were insufficient in ensuring pedestrian safety.

A fourth and final consultation was held in September 2009 and no objections from the public were lodged.[34]

Liverpool's gay quarter was finally pedestrianised on 10 December 2009. Stanley Street is now closed to traffic between 10pm-6am seven days of the week, Cumberland Street is closed between 6pm-6am seven days of the week, and Eberle Street is closed for 24 hours of the day seven days of the week.[35]

Thanks to pedestrianisation and a cooperative effort to promote the Stanley Street quarter to shoppers and tourists, a number of day time community events were launched in 2012 including Mother's Day celebrations, an Arts & Literature Day, and a series of monthly markets with street entertainment and pavement cafes.[36]Link PDFLink PDF

Proposed Redevelopment [edit]

Banners welcome people to the gay district

Plans to revamp Liverpool's gay quarter were unveiled in February 2011. City leaders believe a vibrant gay village around Stanley Street is key to the future economic success of Liverpool city centre as an international tourist destination. Urban planner Feria Urbanism carried out a £12,000 study in conjunction with the City Council[37] to formulate a vision for the gay quarter to put it on a par with the best in the UK.[38] The company is consulting with businesses and residents in the area to see how public areas and safety can be improved. It is hoped a fresh marketing strategy can also be formulated.

Cllr Nick Small, cabinet member for employment and skills, said: "We have made strides in recent years and are being seen as a more gay-friendly city than was the case a few years ago. We now need to look at how we can develop and promote the quarter."[39]

As of May 2011, numerous regeneration options for the Stanley Street quarter are under discussion and include new rainbow coloured paving, artworks, gateway features, street-tree planting, new outdoor seating and street furniture, and a new public square.Link PDF A consultation on Feria Urbanism's draft report titled "Stanley Street: Strategic direction for a vital urban quarter (May 2011)" has taken place. Suggestions for which organisations and stakeholders should take responsibility for proposed actions and recommendations have also been made, and it is envisaged that full scale regeneration should take place over the next 2–5 years.[40] As part of the first phase of redevelopment, Liverpool became the first city in the UK to install street signage bearing the rainbow coloured Gay Pride flag on 11 November 2011. The signage identifies the city's Gay Quarter located on Stanley Street, Cumberland Street, Temple Lane, Eberle Street and Temple Street.[41]

Leeds delegation to Liverpool Gay Quarter (March 2012)

Following the announcement of redevelopment plans for Liverpool's Gay Quarter, several other British cities have called for similar initiatives in their local area. A delegation from West Yorkshire visited Liverpool in March 2012 to learn from the city's experience with a view to establishing an official gay area based on The Calls and Lower Briggate district of Leeds.[42] Campaigners in the city of Brighton and Hove are also now calling for their gay district to be officially recognised.[43]

Venues [edit]

VisitBritain, Britain's national tourism agency, acknowledges Liverpool as one of Britain's most notable gay cities, and recognises the growing investment in the Gay Quarter.[44] Liverpool City Council hopes that further investment, including partial pedestrianisation will further promote Liverpool as a gay destination.[45] In a similar fashion to most other major British cities, the gay scene of Liverpool is fast changing with bars and clubs closing and new venues opening all the time, but there are roughly a dozen gay establishments operating in the quarter at any given time within a 200 metre (one tenth of a mile) radius of Stanley Street. There are also numerous other gay frequented venues dotted elsewhere around the city centre.[46][47] The oldest and longest running venue is The Curzon which opened its doors as a predominantly gay men's bar in 1988,[48][49] although it is often contested that the oldest venue is in fact The Lisbon which has claimed a considerable gay following since well before the 1970s.[9][50][51]

Gay Culture in Liverpool [edit]

Main article: LGBT culture in Liverpool

Research commissioned by the North West Regional Development Agency approximated that there were around 94,000 LGBT persons living in Liverpool's metropolitan area by mid 2009 Link PDF - equivalent to the GLB population of San Francisco Link PDF

Crime [edit]

In recent years, a series of attacks have resulted in a call for increased police protection in the quarter. Perhaps the most high profile attack was that of James Parkes, an off-duty trainee police officer, who was set upon by up to 20 teenage thugs in a homophobic attack outside the well known gay club Superstar Boudoir on Stanley Street in October 2009. Multiple skull fractures, a fractured eye socket and a fractured cheek bone left the officer fighting for his life.[52] In May 2011, drag artist Lady Shaun suffered a broken jaw after being knocked out by a man who punched her in the face, whilst just two weeks earlier, 21 year old choreographer Calvin Fox was assaulted by two people on his way home after a night out. In September the same year, two separate attacks in the gay district left two young men with serious head and facial injuries. Local authorities acknowledged there was indeed an increase in "homophobic" crime. Openly gay Councillor Steve Radford said, "Liverpool has a long way to travel in its journey to become a gay-friendly city". Chief Inspector Louise Harrington commented, "We have to strike a balance between a heavy police presence which could scare people off and those that say it makes them feel safer."[53][54]

Rainbow buntings on Stanley Street @ Liverpool Pride 2010

Liverpool Pride [edit]

Main article: Liverpool Pride

Up until 2010, Liverpool was the largest British city to not hold a Pride festival. However on 7 August 2010, the city's first "Official" Pride festival (officially sponsored by Liverpool City Council and public authorities), attracted an audience of over 21,000. The festival took place around the city's Gay Quarter with stages on Dale Street, Exchange Flags, and North John Street, and a city centre march was held during the day. Organisers hailed the festivities a massive success and now plan to hold larger events in the future [55] At Liverpool Pride 2011, it was announced that visitor numbers had doubled to over 40,000.[56] On 11 March 2011, Liverpool Pride became a registered charity.[57] In 2012 Liverpool Football Club were the first Premier League team to publicly support a Pride event with members of staff and fans marching in the parade with a banner provided by the club[58].

Notable LGBT people from Liverpool and Merseyside [edit]

References [edit]

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Coordinates: 53°24′28″N 2°59′16″W / 53.40781°N 2.98774°W / 53.40781; -2.98774

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