Christian Louboutin
| Christian Louboutin | |
|---|---|
 Christian Louboutin |
|
| Born | 7 January 1963 France |
| Occupation | Shoe designer |
| Years active | 1991–present |
Christian Louboutin (pronounced [kʁis.tjɑ̃ lu.bu.tɛ̃]) (b. 7 January 1963) is a French footwear designer whose footwear has incorporated shiny, red-lacquered soles that have become his signature.[1]
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[edit] Personal life
Louboutin was born in Paris and grew up in Paris's 12th arrondissement. He was the only son of Roger, an ébéniste[2]and Irene, a homemaker, and he has three sisters. He was expelled from school three times and ran away from home at the age of 12[3], at which point his indulgent mother allowed him to move out to live at a friend's house[4]. Although Louboutin faced much opposition following his decision to leave school early, he claims that his resolve was strengthened after watching an interview on TV with Sophia Loren in which she introduced her sister, saying she had to leave school when she was only 12, but, when she turned 50, she got her degree. He later remarked, "Everybody applauded! And I thought, 'Well, at least if I regret it I'm going to be like the sister of Sophia Loren!'"
Landscape architect Louis Benech has been his partner since 1997. Louboutin and his partner spend time between their homes in Paris’s 1st arrondissement [5], a fisherman's cottage in Lisbon[6], a palace in Aleppo,[7] a houseboat on the Nile christened Dahabibi-my love boat, and a house in Luxor. The Luxor domicile is a former craftsman’s workshop, made of earthen bricks, to which he has added an additional floor and a rooftop belvedere[8]. Additionally, he also shares a 13th-century castle in the Vendée with his business partner Bruno Chamberlain.[9] Louboutin claims that his unusual pastimes include trapeze flying, inspired by the film Wings of Desire, and that inspirations come from showgirls and music halls — not fashion (or la mode), which he asserts becomes quickly dated.
[edit] Career
| Type | Private,S.A |
|---|---|
| Industry | Consumer Goods |
| Founded | 1991 |
| Headquarters | Paris, France |
| Key people | Christian Louboutin Founder Bruno Chamberland,CEO[10] Alexis Mourot, COO & GM[11] Priya Mohindra,U.S Communications Director[12] |
| Products | Shoes,Purses,Wallets |
| Revenue |  $250 million (31 December 2010) on 600,000 pairs of shoes a year[13] |
| Employees | 420 (2011) [14] |
| Website | christianlouboutin.com |
He began sketching shoes in his early teens, ignoring his academic studies. Going through a punk phase, he was in a few films, including 1979 cult classic Race d'ep. Under the title The Homosexual Century, a film which attracted an English-language audience. His first job was at the Folies Bergères, the caberet where he assisted the entertainers backstage. He was also a fixture on the city's party scene, clubbing his nights away alongside Mick Jagger and Andy Warhol[15].
His little formal training included drawing and the decorative arts at the Académie d'Art Roederer. Louboutin claims his fascination with shoes began in 1976 when he visited the Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie on the avenue Daumesnil. It was there that he saw a sign from Africa forbidding women wearing sharp stilettos from entering a building for fear of damage to the extensive wood flooring. This image stayed in his mind, and he later used this idea in his designs. "I wanted to defy that," Louboutin said. "I wanted to create something that broke rules and made women feel confident and empowered."[16]
Fascinated by world cultures, he ran away in his teens to Egypt and spent a year in India. Louboutin returned to Paris in 1981, where he assembled a portfolio of drawings of elaborate high heels. He brought it to the top couture houses. The effort resulted in employment with Charles Jourdan. Subsequently, Louboutin met Roger Vivier, who claims to have invented the stiletto, or spiked-heel shoe. Louboutin became an apprentice in Vivier's atelier.
Going on to serve as a freelance designer, Louboutin designed women's shoes for Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, and Maude Frizon. In the late 1980s, he gave turned away from fashion to become a landscape gardener and to contribute to Vogue but missed working with shoes and set up his company in 1991.
With funds from two backers, he opened a Paris shoe salon in 1991 with Princess Caroline of Monaco as his first customer. She complimented the store one day when a fashion journalist was present, and the journalist's subsequent publication of Princess's comments helped greatly to increase Louboutin's renown. Clients such as Diane Von Furstenburg and Catherine Deneuve followed. Later, those interested in his stiletto heels have included Jennifer Lopez, Madonna, Gwyneth Paltrow and Kim Kardashian. Sarah Jessica Parker wore a pair of shoes by Louboutin for her wedding.
Louboutin has topped the Luxury Institute's annual Luxury Brand Status Index (LBSI) for three years; the brand's offerings were declared the Most Prestigious Women's Shoes in 2007, 2008, and 2009.[17][18][19]
[edit] Shoes
Louboutin helped bring stilettos back into fashion in the 1990s and 2000s, designing dozens of styles with heel heights of 120mm (4.72 inches) and higher. The designer's professed goal is to "make a woman look sexy, beautiful, to make her legs look as long as [he] can." While he does offer some lower-heeled styles, Louboutin is generally associated with his dressier evening-wear designs incorporating jeweled straps, bows, feathers, patent leather, and other similar decorative touches.[20] Despite being known for his celebrity clients, he rarely gives shoes away – offering discounts instead to his high-profile fans. This policy also extends to his personal family, because he feels that giving shoes away as gifts is unimaginative.[21]
His single biggest client is Danielle Steel, who is reputed to own over 6,000 pairs and is known to have purchased up 80 pairs at a time when shopping at his stores.[22]
[edit] Christian Louboutin vs. Yves Saint Laurent
In 2011, Christian Louboutin company filed a trademark infringement of its red-soled shoes against designer Yves Saint Laurent.[23] The firm is expecting that the YSL shoe design will be revoked and is seeking US $1 million in damages.[24] However, in August 2011, U.S. District Judge Victor Marrero denied the firm's request to stop the sale of women's shoes with red soles by Yves Saint Laurent. The judge questioned the validity of the trademark, writing, "Louboutin's claim would cast a red cloud over the whole industry, cramping what other designers do, while allowing Louboutin to paint with a full palette."[25] Judge Marrero also wrote, "Louboutin is unlikely to be able to prove its red outsole brand is entitled to trademark protection, even if it has gained enough public recognition in the market to have acquired secondary meaning."[26] Jewelry company Tiffany & Co., which has its blue box trademarked, filed a amicus curiae brief focusing on trademarking a color. Fashion periodical WWD reported that Tiffany's brief supports Louboutin's appeal to reverse the decision made by Judge Marrero.[27]
[edit] Boutiques
The list of distributors and location of the stores can be found on the Christian Louboutin Web site. A new ladies boutique has been scheduled to open in Turkey in 2012.[28]
In the spring of 2012,the company also plans to open its first men's store in New York City, boasting over 1,000 square feet of space and conveniently located next to its existing Horatio Street store.[29] From previous experience in his Paris Store, Louboutin claimed that women feel uncomfortable when men stare at them while they try on shoes, hence a separate stores.[30]
The first Louboutin Men's Boutique, Christian Louboutin Boutique Homme on Rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau in Paris, opened in the summer of 2012.
| Country | # of Stores | City/Cities | Exact Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | 4 | Paris (4) | Rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau (2), Rue du Faubourg St-Honoré, Rue de Grenelle |
| United States of America | 8 | New York City (2), Las Vegas (2), Los Angeles, Costa Mesa, Dallas, Miami | Madison Avenue and Horatio Street in New York City, Caesars Palace and The Venetian in Las Vegas, Beverly Hills in Los Angeles and South Coast Plaza in Costa Mesa, Highland Park Village in Dallas, Design District in Miami |
| United Kingdom | 2 | London (2) | Motcomb Street (Original), Mount Street |
| United Arab Emirates | 2 | Dubai (2) | Mall of the Emirates, Dubai Mall |
| Kuwait | 1 | Kuwait City | Salhiya Complex |
| Vietnam | 1 | Ho Chi Minh City | Dong Khoi Street |
| Bahrain | 1 | Manama | City Center Manama |
| Lebanon | 1 | Beirut | Fakhry Bey Street, Beirut Souks |
| Russia | 3 | Moscow (3) | Malaya Bronnaya Street (the original), Petrovka Street, Stoleshnikov Lane |
| Saudia Arabia | 2 | Riyadh, Jeddah | Kingdom Centre-Riyadh, Al Khayyat Center-Jeddah |
| Singapore | 1 | Singapore City | Ngee Ann City |
| Brazil | 2 | Brasilia, São Paulo | Iguatemi São Paulo, Iguatemi Brasília |
| Australia | 1 | Sydney | Westfield Sydney |
| China | 4 | Hong Kong (2), Shanghai, Beijing | Lan Street, Hong Kong; The Gateway, Hong Kong; Shanghai Centre,Sanlitun Road |
| Denmark | 1 | Copenhagen | Grønnegade 6 |
| Indonesia | 1 | Jakarta | Plaza Indonesia |
| Japan | 4 | Tokyo (2), Nagoya, Osaka | Ginza District in Tokyo, Shinsaibashi, Osaka |
| Spain | 1 | Madrid | Calle Claudio Coello |
| Switzerland | 2 | Geneva, Zurich | Rue Du Rhone,Wühre 7 |
| India | 1 | New Delhi | Emporio Mall |
Christian Louboutin Miami is located on 40th Street in the Design District of Miami, Florida.[31] Loboutin chose to open a store in Miami because of the mix of businesses and the small urban scale, and because of his obvious following there. During Miami Basel art fair when the store opened in 2009, he said, "You don't get this with Europeans—but Americans actually come into my office in Paris to meet me, and a lot of those people are from Miami." The boutique stocks Louboutin's most colorful, strappy, precarious styles, on account of the subtropical climate and the fact that, Louboutin says, "people barely walk in the street."[32]
The 2,400-square-foot space was designed by Eric Clough and 212box.[33] Above a steel awning shaped like a Louboutin shoe in profile, with a red underside to boot, pink orchids sprout from the coral-stone facade. Still more orchids project from a wall in the entry gallery. Pantyhose have been recycled by Dutch artist Madeleine Berkhemer into a multi-colored sculpture that stretches over the empty concrete floor with some of Louboutin’s signature shoes dangling in the overhead tangle of nylon "like insects trapped in a psychedelic spider’s web."[34] This L-shape space wraps two sides of a rectangular volume clad almost entirely in one-way mirror: a box that contains the merchandise for sale while allowing people who've just come in the front door to "witness other people falling in love with the shoes," Clough says.[35]
The inside areas in the store are defined by lush red carpeting. Blue, blown-glass chandeliers hang from the ceilings.[36] Hieroglyphics, symbols and Braille are carved onto wooden Codebox Tiles that line some of the store's interior walls. [37] hiding the words of a poem by contemporary American poet Lyn Hejinian in plain sight, in the etched wooden tiles lining the gallery wall behind the orchids. "This is the way I / Want to go in and / Out of heaven. . ./ Windows full at 5pm / My skull a place / Except that I think of space as the more exciting," the lines read.[38] These coded tiles appear in many Louboutin stores designed by Clough around the world, including São Paolo, Brazil.[39]
[edit] References
- ^ Encyclopedia of World Biography
- ^ Collins, Lauren (March 28 2011). ""Sole Mate"". The New Yorker. http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/03/28/110328fa_fact_collins?currentPage=1.
- ^ Alexander, Ella (=28 September 2011). "Legend Of Louboutin". Vogue British. http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/11/24/christian-louboutin-v-and-a-talk.
- ^ Walker, Harriet (10/29/11). ""Christian Louboutin: Sexual heeling"". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/christian-louboutin-sexual-heeling-2377441.html.
- ^ Marshall, Alexandra (June 2008). "Christian Louboutin, Shoe Designer and Stylish Traveler". Travel+ Leisure. http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/christian-louboutin-shoe-designer.
- ^ Alexander, Ella (=25 October 2010). "On The Ropes". Vogue British. http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2010/10/25/christian-louboutin-talks-trapeze.
- ^ Ostler, Catherine (8:45 pm=4 April 2011). ""Could a doctor's daughter from Acton – now Syria's first lady – stop the bloodshed?"". Daily Mail (London). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1373064/Syria-protests-Could-Asma-Al-Assad-doctors-daughter-Acton-stop-bloodshed.html.
- ^ Modigliani, Ruben (2011). ""Louboutin at Leisure"". Vogue British. http://www.elledecor.com/decorating/articles/christian-louboutin-home.
- ^ Walker, Harriet (10/29/11). "Christian Louboutin: Sexual heeling". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/christian-louboutin-sexual-heeling-2377441.html.
- ^ -, - (January 11 2007). ""Christian Louboutin Silver Screen-Bound"". Front Row Daily. http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/9497.
- ^ -, - (January 11 2007). ""Christian Louboutin Silver Screen-Bound"". Front Row Daily. http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/9497.
- ^ Denardo, Maria (11:59 am EST 18 January 2012). ""Christian Louboutin Hires Priya Mohindra"". Front Row Daily. http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/christian-louboutin-hires-priya-mohindra.
- ^ Wolff, Zoe (28 October 2011). "Sole Provider". Elle. http://www.elle.com/Fashion/Fashion-Spotlight/Christian-Louboutin.
- ^ Walker, Harriet (10/29/11). "Christian Louboutin: Sexual heeling". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/christian-louboutin-sexual-heeling-2377441.html.
- ^ Walker, Harriet (10/29/11). "Christian Louboutin: Sexual heeling". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/christian-louboutin-sexual-heeling-2377441.html.
- ^ "Video on Christian Louboutin Shoes". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIPzNlYTU98. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
- ^ "Luxury Brand Status Index 2007: Footwear". Findarticles.com. 2007. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_pwwi/is_200709/ai_n19498411/. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
- ^ ""Luxury Brand Status Index 2008: Footwear". 17 June 2008. http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS186612+17-Jun-2008+MW20080617. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
- ^ ""Luxury Brand Status Index 2009: Footwear". 12 March 2009. http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS176686+12-Mar-2009+MW20090312. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
- ^ Thomas, Dana (24 February 2003). "T"he Sole of Sexiness"". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/63166. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
- ^ ""Christian Louboutin To Open Men's Store"". contactmusic.com. 8:45 pm=21 December 2011. http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2010/04/01/christian-louboutin-business-growth-and-celebrity-customers.
- ^ Milligan, Lauren (8:45 pm=1 April 2010). ""Louboutin Lover"". Vogue British. http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2010/04/01/christian-louboutin-business-growth-and-celebrity-customers.
- ^ Odell, Amy. ""YSL: Louis XIV Wore Red-Soled Shoes Long Before Christian Louboutin Trademarked Them"". http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2011/05/ysl_louis_xiv_wore_red_soled_s.html. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
- ^ Cindy Rodriguez (April, 8 2011). ""Louboutin Says Yves Saint Laurent Stole Red-Sole Design"". http://abcnews.go.com/US/louboutin-sues-ysl-yves-saint-laurent-red-sole-shoe/story?id=13329514.
- ^ "Louboutin fights to keep red sole trademark". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/08/12/earlyshow/main20091565.shtml.
- ^ Abraham, Tamara (15 August 2011). ""Christian Louboutin to appeal after rival YSL wins right to sell shoes with red soles while court battle continues"". Daily Mail (London). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2026292/Christian-Louboutin-appeal-rival-YSL-wins-right-sell-shoes-red-soles-court-battle-continues.html.
- ^ Krupnick, Ellie (24 October 2011). "Tiffany & Co. Files In Support of Christian Louboutin". Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/24/tiffany-co-files-brief_n_1029366.html.
- ^ Ginsberg, Merle (12:00 pm PST 11 November 2011). "Christian Louboutin Opens Up About His Favorite Footwear, Famous Fans and Plans to Expand Into Some Unlikely Countries (Q&A)". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/fash-track/christian-louboutin-opens-up-his-260327.
- ^ Laurel, Pinson (11:59 am EST 21 December 2011). ""Christian Louboutin to Open Men's Store in Meatpacking District"". NBC 4 New York. http://www.nbcnewyork.com/blogs/threadny/THREAD-Christian-Louboutin-to-Open-Mens-Store-in-Meatpacking-District-136002763.html.
- ^ Wilson, Eric (=28 September 2011). ""Guys, Skip the Break-In on These Louboutins"". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/29/fashion/in-paris-christian-louboutin-opens-a-store-for-mens-shoes-front-row.html.
- ^ Gordon, Alastair. "Wall to Wall: Art Basel Miami". The Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/magazine/2009/12/03/wall-to-wall-art-basel-miami/.
- ^ Sokol, David. "Sex on Heels". Interior Design. http://www.interiordesign.net/article/483008-Sex_on_Heels.php.
- ^ Sokol, David. "Sex on Heels". Interior Design. http://www.interiordesign.net/article/483008-Sex_on_Heels.php.
- ^ Gordon, Alastair. "Wall to Wall: Art Basel Miami". The Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/magazine/2009/12/03/wall-to-wall-art-basel-miami/.
- ^ Sokol, David. "Sex on Heels". Interior Design. http://www.interiordesign.net/article/483008-Sex_on_Heels.php.
- ^ Gordon, Alastair. "Wall to Wall: Art Basel Miami". The Wall Street Journal. http://blogs.wsj.com/magazine/2009/12/03/wall-to-wall-art-basel-miami/.
- ^ "Christian Louboutin by 212box, Miami". DURRAH: A Pearl of Luxury 2 (3): 112. Spring.
- ^ Sokol, David. "Sex on Heels". Interior Design. http://www.interiordesign.net/article/483008-Sex_on_Heels.php.
- ^ [1]
[edit] Periodicals
- Footwear News, 1 June 1992, p. S8; 9 December 2002, p. 50
- Harper's Bazaar, December 1999, p. 104; April 2001, p. 226
- Newsweek International, 24 February 2003, p. 48
- People, 10 February 2003, pp. 87–88
- Vogue, June 2004, p. 206
[edit] External links
- Christian Louboutin Official Site (in English)
- Simpson, Aislinn (30 June 2008). ""Christian Louboutin shoes top sexiness poll"". The Daily Telegraph (London). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/2221378/Christian-Louboutin-shoes-top-sexiness-poll.html. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
- Armstrong, Lisa (5 July 2008). ""How to get dressed: Christian Louboutin, the most wanted shoe brand"". The Times (London). http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/fashion/article4241482.ece. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
- Christian Louboutin designer profile at Fashion Model Directory
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