Ludwig Börne
| Karl Ludwig Börne | |
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 Painting by Moritz Daniel Oppenheim |
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| Born | Loeb Baruch May 6, 1786 Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
| Died | February 12, 1837 (aged 50) Paris, France |
| Resting place | Pere Lachaise Cemetery |
| Occupation | Writer Political philosopher |
| Education | Gießen Halle University University of Heidelberg |
| Notable work(s) | (1822) Der Esskunstler (1826) Denkrede auf Jean Paul (1829) Mono graphie der deutschen Postschnecke (1829-1834) Dramaturgische Bltter (1837)Menzel der Franzosenfresser |
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Karl Ludwig Börne (6 May 1786 – 12 February 1837) was a German political writer and satirist.
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[edit] Early life
Karl Ludwig Börne was born Loeb Baruch on May 6, 1786, at Frankfurt am Main, son of Jakob Baruch, a banker. His grandfather had been a government bureaucrat.[1]
[edit] Education
Börne and his brothers were privately tutored by Jacob Sachs, and later by Rector Mosche. At age fourteen, he studied medicine with Professor Hetzel at Gießen. After a year, he was sent to study medicine at Berlin under a physician, Markus Herz, whose house he lived in. At age sixteen, Baruch became infatuated by his patron's thirty-eight-year-old wife, Henriette Herz.[2] After her husband died in 1808, he expressed his adoration in a series of letters. When he enrolled at Halle University, she was influential in his boarding with Professor Reil. He studied constitutional law and political science at University of Heidelberg and Giessen. There he received his PhD in 1809 with the dissertation Ueber die Geometrische Vertheilung der Staatsgebiete.[1]
[edit] Career
On his return to Frankfurt, now constituted as a grand duchy under the sovereignty of the prince bishop Karl von Dalberg, he received (1811) the appointment of police actuary in that city.
In 1814 and he had to resign his post due to his ethnicity. Embittered by the oppression suffered by Jews in Germany, he took to journalism and edited the Frankfurt liberal newspapers Staatsristretto and Die Zeitschwingen.
[edit] Later life
In 1818 he converted to Lutheran Protestantism, changing his name from Loeb Baruch to Ludwig Börne.[3] From 1818 to 1821 he edited Die Wage, a paper distinguished by its lively political articles and its powerful but sarcastic theatrical criticisms. This paper was suppressed by the police, and in 1821 Börne took a pause from journalism and led a quiet life in Paris, Hamburg and Frankfurt.
After the July Revolution (1830), he hurried to Paris, expecting to find society nearer to his own ideas of freedom.[4][5] Although to some extent disappointed in his hopes, he did not look any more kindly on the political condition of Germany; this lent additional zest to the brilliant satirical letters (Briefe aus Paris, 1830–1833, published Paris, 1834),[6] which he began to publish in his last literary venture, La Balance, a revival of Die Wage. The Briefe aus Paris was Börne's most important publication, and a landmark in the history of German journalism. Its appearance led him to be regarded as a leading thinker in Germany.
[edit] Death and legacy
He died in Paris in 1837.
Börne's works are known for brilliant style and for thoroughly French satire. His best criticism is to be found in his Denkrede auf Jean Paul (1826), a writer for whom he had warm sympathy and admiration; in his Dramaturgische Bltter (1829–1834); and the witty satire, Menzel der Franzosenfresser (1837). He also wrote a number of short stories and sketches, of which the best known are the Mono graphie der deutschen Postschnecke (1829) and Der Esskunstler (1822). Two portraits of him, by the Jewish painter Daniel M. Oppenheim,are in the Israel Museum Collection.
[edit] Bibliography
The first edition of his
- (1829–1834) Gesammelte Schriften , 14 volumes
- (Mannheim, 1844–1850) Nachgelassene Schriften , 6 volumes
- (Hamburg, 1862–1863, reprint 1868) Nachgelassene Schriften , 12 volumes
- (Leipzig, 1900) Nachgelassene Schriften edited by A. Klaar, 8 volumnes
- (Hamburg, 1840) Börnes Leben, K. Gutzkow
- (Berlin, 1888) L. Börne, sein Leben und sein Wirken , M. Holzmann
- (1802–1807) Börnes Briefe an Henriette Herz, re-edited by L. Geiger (Oldenburg, 1905),
- (Berlin, 1905) Börnes Berliner Briefe
- (Darmstadt, 1838) Historiche Schriften , G. Gervinus essay
- (Copenhagen, 1890, German trans. 1891; English trans. 1905) Hovedströmninger i det 19 de Aarhundredes Litteratur vol. vi., G. Brandes,
- (Stuttgart, 1892) Das junge Deutschland , J. Proelss
[edit] Legacy
The city of Boerne, Texas, founded by German liberal immigrants (Forty-Eighters), is named after him.
[edit] External links
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ a b Singer, Isadore; Cohen, Max. "Karl Börne". The Jewish Encyclopedia Online. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=1342&letter=B. Retrieved 3 January 2011.
- ^ Henn, Marianne; Pausch, Holger (2003). Body Dialectics in the Age of Goethe. Rodopi. p. 67. ISBN 978-9042010765.
- ^ Mendes-Flohr, Paul R; Reinharz, Jehuda (1995). The Jew in the Modern World: A Documentary History. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 259,260. ISBN 978-0195074536.
- ^ Loesser, Arthur (2011). Men, Women and Pianos: A Social History. Dover Publications. p. 354. ISBN 978-0486265438.
- ^ Daum, Andreas; Mauch, Christof (2005). Berlin - Washington, 1800-2000: Capital Cities, Cultural Representation, and National Identities. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0521841177.
- ^ Körner, Gustav Philipp; McCormick, Thomas Joseph (orig. 1909; reprint 2010). Memoirs of Gustave Koerner, 1809-1896. Nabu Press. p. 247. ISBN 1147697922.
[edit] References
Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). "Börne, Karl Ludwig". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.- Heine, Heinrich; Sammons, Jeffrey L (orig 1840; reprint 2006). Ludwig Börne: A Memorial. Camden House. ISBN 978-1571133427.
