Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade

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The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is an annual parade presented by Macy's. The three-hour event is held in New York City starting at 9:00 a.m. EST on Thanksgiving Day.

Contents 1 History 2 Balloons 2.1 Balloon inflation 2.2 Broadway shows 3 Television coverage 4 Parade route 5 Macy's Holiday Parade 6 Helium shortage 7 Notes

[edit] History

In the 1920s many of Macy's department store employees were first-generation immigrants. Proud of their new American heritage, they wanted to celebrate the United States holiday of Thanksgiving with the type of festival their parents had loved in Europe.^{[citation needed]}

In 1924, the inaugural parade (originally known as the Macy's Christmas Parade^[1]) was staged by the store. Employees and professional entertainers marched from 145th Street in Harlem to Macy's flagship store on 34th Street dressed in vibrant costumes.^[2] There were floats, professional bands and live animals borrowed from the Central Park Zoo.^[3] At the end of that first parade, as has been the case with every parade since, Santa Claus was welcomed into Herald Square. At this first parade, however, the Jolly Old Elf was enthroned on the Macy's balcony at the 34th Street store entrance, where he was then "crowned" "King of the Kiddies."^[4] With an audience of over a quarter of a million people,^{[citation needed]} the parade was such a success that Macy's declared it would become an annual event.

Large animal-shaped balloons, produced by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company in Akron, Ohio, replaced the live animals in 1927 when the Felix the Cat balloon made its debut. Felix was filled with air, but by the next year, helium was used to fill the expanding cast of balloons.

At the finale of the 1928 parade, the balloons were released into the sky where they unexpectedly burst. The following year they were redesigned with safety valves to allow them to float for a few days.^[5] Address labels were sewn into them, so that whomever found and mailed back the discarded balloon received a gift from Macy's.^[6]

Through the 1930s, the Parade continued to grow, with crowds of over 1 million lining the parade route in 1933. The first Mickey Mouse balloon entered the parade in 1934. The annual festivities were broadcast on local New York radio from 1932 through 1941,^[7] and resumed in 1945 through 1951.^[8]

Macy's also sponsors the smaller Celebrate the Season Parade in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, held two days after the main event. Other cities in the US also have parades on Thanksgiving, but they are not run by Macy's. The nation's oldest Thanksgiving parade (the Gimbels parade, now known as 6abc-Ikea) was first held in Philadelphia in 1920. Other cities include the McDonald's Thanksgiving Parade of Chicago, Illinois and parades in Plymouth, Massachusetts; Seattle, Washington; Houston, Texas; Detroit, Michigan; and Fountain Hills, Arizona. A parade is also held at the two U.S. Disney theme parks. Since 1994, a "rival" of sorts, called the Parade Spectacular, has been run in Stamford, Connecticut, about 30 miles northeast of New York City. It is run on the Sunday before Thanksgiving to not directly compete with the Macy's parade and the balloon characters are not duplicated between the two parades. (Macy's in fact has sponsored this parade in a lesser fashion in the past.). Perhaps because of its location in the New York metropolitan area, this parade gets up to 250,000 spectators per year and is the most-attended holiday balloon parade in the U.S. after the Macy's event.^[9] However, it can only be seen on television via local cable within Fairfield County.

New safety measures were incorporated in 2006 to prevent accidents and balloon related injuries. One measure taken was installation of wind measurement devices to alert parade organizers to any unsafe conditions that could cause the balloons to behave erratically. Also, parade officials implemented a measure to keep the balloons closer to the ground during windy conditions.

[edit] Balloons

[edit] Balloon inflation

The balloons for the parade are inflated the day before (Wednesday) on both sides of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. The balloons are split between 77th and 81st Streets between Central Park West and Columbus Avenue. The inflation team consists of various volunteers from Macy's as well as students from Stevens Institute of Technology, a local university in Hoboken, NJ where the balloons and floats are designed and built. The inflation is open to the public the afternoon and night before the parade.

The scheduled list of 2009 performers will include: Tiffany Thornton^[10] who is doing a duet with Kermit the Frog. The cast of Glee was supposed to have performed; however, in light of the fact that the show aired on a rival network (Fox), they were pulled from the parade at NBC's request. When one of the show's co-creators, Ryan Murphy, heard of this, he replied, "I completely understand NBC’s position, and look forward to seeing a Jay Leno float."^[11] As a replacement act, Keke Palmer is expected to perform her new single. Other performers for 2009 include Bello Nock, the Big Apple Circus, Andrea Bocelli, Boys Like Girls, Alan Cumming, Billy Currington, the cast of Yo Gabba Gabba!, The Roots, Jimmy Fallon, Gloria Gaynor, Emily Hughes, Jane Krakowski, Katharine McPhee, the cast of Sesame Street, Mitchel Musso, the Pizzarelli Quartet, Jay Sean, Ziggy Marley and his daughter Judah, and Carly Simon.^[12]

[edit] Broadway shows

Every year, cast members from a number of Broadway shows perform either in the parade, or immediately preceding the parade in front of Macy's. The 2007 parade was notable as it took place during a strike by the I.A.T.S.E. (a stage hands' union), and as such, Legally Blonde, the one performing musical affected by the strike, performed in show logo shirts, with makeshift props and no sets. The other 3 shows that year performed in theaters which were not affected by the strike.

Also, every year since 1957, The Rockettes have performed last of the Broadway shows to perform. And as always, they create a human gate to welcome in the parade.

[edit] Television coverage

More than 44 million people watch the parade on television each year. It was first televised locally in 1939.^[13] After a suspension in 1940–1944, the local broadcast returned in 1945.^[14][15] The parade began its network television appearances on CBS in 1948.^[16][17] NBC has been the official broadcaster of the event since 1955.

At first, the telecasts were only an hour long. In 1961, the telecast expanded to two hours,^[18] then 90 minutes in 1962–1964, back to two hours in 1965, and by 1969, all three hours of it were being televised.^[19] The broadcasts have been in color since 1960.^[20]

For the 1997 parade, MTV guest reporters, Beavis and Butt-head, with host Kurt Loder, provided their usual style of commentary on aspects of the parade, and of their take on Thanksgiving in general. The special, entitled Beavis and Butt-head Do Thanksgiving, includes a balloon of Beavis and Butt-head spectating from their couch. The balloon was not participating in the parade, but stationed on top of a building along side the parade route (as the duo are known for non-participation).

In 2008, a Coca Cola CGI ad aired in the USA during Super Bowl XLII. The commercial's plot consisted of Underdog and fictional Stewie Griffin balloons chasing a Coke bottle-shaped balloon through New York City. The spot ended with a Charlie Brown balloon holding the Coke balloon. The advertisement won a Silver Lion Award at the annual Lions International Advertising Festival in Cannes, France that year, and the clip of the commercial with the Griffin balloon was featured in a Macy's commercial in October 2008 (along with clips of Miracle on 34th Street, I Love Lucy, and other media where the Macy's department store was mentioned).

[edit] Parade route

The Parade has always taken place on Manhattan Island, one of the 'Five Boroughs' that make up New York City. Originally the parade started from 145th Street in Harlem and ended at Herald Square, a 6-mile route. (In Manhattan the higher street numbers are north)

A new route has been established for the 2009 parade. From 77th Street and Central Park West, the route goes south along Central Park to Columbus Circle, then goes east along Central Park South. The parade then makes a right turn at 7th Avenue and goes south to Times Square. At 42nd Street the parade turns left and goes east, then at 6th Avenue turns right again. Heading south on 6th Avenue, the parade turns right at 34th Street (Herald Square) and proceeds west to the terminating point at 7th Avenue where the floats are taken down.^[21]

The 2009 route change eliminates Broadway completely, where the parade has traveled down for decades. The City of New York has said that the new route will provide more space for the parade, and more viewing space for spectators. Another reason for implementing the route change is the city's plan to turn Broadway into a pedestrian-only zone at Times Square.

It is not advised to view the parade from Columbus Circle, as due to higher winds in this flat area, balloon teams race through it.

Today, New York City officials preview the parade route and try to eliminate as many potential obstacles as possible, even going as far as rotating overhead traffic signals out of the way.

The parade rehearsal takes place the night prior (usually at midnight), with no balloons.^[22]

[edit] Macy's Holiday Parade

Since 2002, Macy's Studios has partnered with the Universal Orlando Resort (owned by NBC Universal) to bring balloons and floats from New York to the theme park in Florida every holiday season. The parade is performed daily and includes the iconic Santa Claus float. Performers from the Orlando area are cast as various clowns, and the park invites guests to be "balloon handlers" for the parade. Is this true?^[23]

[edit] Helium shortage

In 2006, parade organizers used fewer balloons in response to a worldwide shortage of helium. Organizers had talked of not using any balloons, but compromised due to public demand.^[24]

[edit] Notes