Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
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Magnus (c. 1328 – 1373, Leveste, a part of today's Gehrden), called Magnus with the Necklace (Latin Magnus Torquatus) or Magnus II, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburgian principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and temporarily Celle.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In 1363 Magnus and his brother Louis helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbent diocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle), and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Hagen im Bremischen and forced him to sign his resignation.
After the death of his brother Louis in 1367, Magnus became the designated heir of both ducal principalities, Wolfenbüttel and Celle (colloquially also Lüneburg). When both his father and William II, who ruled over Celle, died in 1369, Magnus gained both ducal principalities. But already in 1370, he lost Celle to the Ascanian dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg (Albert and his uncle Wenceslas, Elector of Saxe-Wittemberg), who had been given the principality by Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, who had also banned Magnus. Several cities, including Lüneburg (Lunenburg), Uelzen, and Hanover switched allegiance to the Ascanians; Magnus managed to keep the City of Braunschweig (Brunswick) among his allies only with difficulties. The Lüneburg War of Succession continued for several years after Magnus died in battle near Leveste in 1373.
[edit] Family
Magnus married Catherine, daughter of Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, who married Magnus' enemy Albert, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg, after his death. They had the following children that reached adulthood:
- Otto, Archbishop of Bremen (died 1406)
- Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (died 1400)
- Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (died 1434)
- Henry the Mild (died 1416)
- Agnes I (died 1410), married Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
- Helen, married Eric I, Count of Hoya
- Elizabeth (died 1420), married Maurice IV, Count of Oldenburg
- Sophie (1358–by 28 May 1416) married Duke Eric IV of Saxe-Lauenburg on 8 April 1373.
- Maud, married Otto III, Count of Hoya
- Agnes II, married Busso IV, Count of Mansfeld, Bogislav VI, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast, and King Albert of Sweden
[edit] References
| Preceded by William II |
Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg Prince of Lüneburg 1369–1373 |
Succeeded by Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg and Wenceslas of Saxe-Wittenberg |
| Preceded by Magnus the Pious |
Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 1369–1373 |
Succeeded by Frederick I |
