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Stephens City, Virginia, the second-oldest municipality in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, is located in southern Frederick County, with an estimated population of 1,503 in 2009. The town was founded in the early 1730s by German immigrant Peter Stephens and was chartered by Peter's son, Lewis, on September 1, 1758. In the late 1850s, free blacks began a settlement about a mile east of town which became known as Crossroads which lasted until the Civil War began, when some fled but others were forced to fight for the South. In June 1864, Union Major Joseph K. Stearns of the 1st New York Cavalry arrived under orders to burn it down, but spared it after seeing the remaining population consisted mostly of women, children and the elderly. Over the course of its existence, it has been renamed five times, almost winding up as "Pantops". The construction of Interstate 81 passed just to the east of the town in the early 1960s. In 1992, a large section of the town, called the Newtown-Stephensburg Historic District, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Stephens City celebrated its 250th anniversary on September 1, 2008. (more...)

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September 5: Father's Day in Australia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand (2010); First night of Selichot (Ashkenazi Judaism, 2010); Teachers' Day (Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan's Birthday) in India

• 1774 – In response to the British Parliament enacting the Intolerable Acts, representatives from twelve of Britain's North American colonies convened the First Continental Congress at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia.
• 1905 – Under the mediation of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (pictured), the Russo-Japanese War officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard near Portsmouth, New Hampshire, US.
• 1914 – World War I: The First Battle of the Marne began with French forces engaging the advancing German army at the Marne River near Paris.
• 1945 – Cold War: Soviet cipher clerk Igor Gouzenko defected to Canada with over 100 documents on Soviet espionage activities and sleeper agents.
• 1972 – The Palestinian militant group Black September took hostage eleven Israeli athletes and coaches at the Olympic Summer Games in Munich, West Germany; all of the hostages were killed less than 24 hours later.
• 1991 – The current international treaty defending indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989, came into force.

More anniversaries: September 4 – September 5 – September 6