March 16

March 16 is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 290 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 597 BC – Babylonians capture Jerusalem, and replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king.
• 455 – Emperor Valentinian III is assassinated by two Hunnic retainers while training with the bow on the Campus Martius (Rome).
• 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
• 1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
• 1244 – Over 200 Cathars are burned after the Fall of Montségur.
• 1322 – The Battle of Boroughbridge take place in the Despenser Wars.
• 1621 – Samoset, a Mohegan, visited the settlers of Plymouth Colony and greets them, "Welcome, Englishmen! My name is Samoset."
• 1660 – The Long Parliament of England is dissolved so as to prepare for the new Convention Parliament.
• 1689 – The 23rd Regiment of Foot or Royal Welch Fusiliers is founded.
• 1782 – American Revolutionary War: Spanish troops capture the British-held island of Roatán.
• 1792 – King Gustav III of Sweden is shot; he dies on March 29.
• 1802 – The Army Corps of Engineers is established to found and operate the United States Military Academy at West Point.
• 1812 – Battle of Badajoz (March 16 – April 6) – British and Portuguese forces besieged and defeated French garrison during Peninsular War.
• 1815 – Prince Willem proclaims himself King of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, the first constitutional monarch in the Netherlands.
• 1818 – In the Second Battle of Cancha Rayada, Spanish forces defeated Chileans under José de San Martín.
• 1861 – Edward Clark becomes Governor of Texas, replacing Sam Houston, who has been evicted from the office for refusing to take an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy.
• 1864 – American Civil War: During the Red River Campaign, Union troops reach Alexandria, Louisiana.
• 1865 – American Civil War: The Battle of Averasborough began as Confederate forces suffer irreplaceable casualties in the final months of the war.
• 1872 – The Wanderers F.C. won the first FA Cup, the oldest football competition in the world, beating Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1-0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.
• 1900 – Sir Arthur Evans purchased the land around the ruins of Knossos, the largest Bronze Age archaeological site on Crete.
• 1912 – Lawrence Oates, an ill member of Robert Falcon Scott's South Pole expedition, left his tent to die, saying: "I am just going outside and may be some time."
• 1916 – The 7th and 10th US cavalry regiments under John J. Pershing cross the US-Mexico border to join the hunt for Pancho Villa.
• 1924 – In accordance with the Treaty of Rome, Fiume becomes annexed as part of Italy.
• 1926 – History of Rocketry: Robert Goddard launches the first liquid-fueled rocket, at Auburn, Massachusetts.
• 1935 – Adolf Hitler orders Germany to rearm herself in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Conscription is reintroduced to form the Wehrmacht.
• 1936 – Warmer-than-normal temperatures rapidly melt snow and ice on the upper Allegheny and Monongahela rivers and lead to a major flood in Pittsburgh.
• 1939 – From Prague Castle, Hitler proclaims Bohemia and Moravia a German protectorate.
• 1939 – Marriage of Princess Fawzia of Egypt to Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran.
• 1940 – First person killed in a German bombing raid on the UK in World War II during a raid on Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands, James Isbister.
• 1942 – The first V-2 rocket test launch. It exploded at lift-off.
• 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Iwo Jima ended, but small pockets of Japanese resistance persisted.
• 1945 – Ninety percent of Würzburg, Germany is destroyed in only 20 minutes by British bombers. 5,000 are killed.
• 1950 – Communist Czechoslovakia's ministry of foreign affairs asks nuncios of Vatican to leave the country.
• 1958 – The Ford Motor Company produces its 50 millionth automobile, the Thunderbird, averaging almost a million cars a year since the company's founding.
• 1962 – A Flying Tiger Line Super Constellation disappears in the western Pacific Ocean, with all 107 aboard missing and presumed dead.
• 1966 – Launch of Gemini 8, the 12th manned American space flight and first space docking with the Agena Target Vehicle.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: In the My Lai massacre, between 347 and 500 Vietnamese villagers (men, women, and children) are killed by American troops.
• 1968 – General Motors produces its 100 millionth automobile, the Oldsmobile Toronado.
• 1969 – A Viasa McDonnell Douglas DC-9 crashes in Maracaibo, Venezuela, killing 155.
• 1976 – British Prime Minister Harold Wilson resigns, citing personal reasons.
• 1977 – Assassination of Kamal Jumblatt, the main leader of the anti-government forces in the Lebanese Civil War.
• 1978 – Former Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro is kidnapped and later killed by his captors.
• 1978 – Supertanker Amoco Cadiz splits in two after running aground on the Portsall Rocks, three miles off the coast of Brittany, resulting in the 5th-largest oil spill in history.
• 1979 – Sino-Vietnamese War: The People's Liberation Army crosses the border back into China, ends the war.
• 1983 – Demolition of the radio tower Ismaning, the last wooden radio tower in Germany.
• 1984 – William Buckley, the CIA station chief in Beirut, Lebanon, is kidnapped by Islamic fundamentalists and later died in captivity.
• 1985 – Associated Press newsman Terry Anderson is taken hostage in Beirut. He is released on December 4, 1991.
• 1988 – Iran-Contra Affair: Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North and Vice Admiral John Poindexter are indicted on charges of conspiracy to defraud the United States.
• 1988 – Halabja poison gas attack: The Kurdish town of Halabjah in Iraq is attacked with a mix of poison gas and nerve agents on the orders of Saddam Hussein, killing 5000 people and injuring about 10000 people.
• 1988 – The Troubles: Ulster loyalist militant Michael Stone attacks a Provisional IRA funeral in Belfast with pistols and grenades. Three people are killed and more than 60 wounded. The attack was filmed by news crews.
• 1989 – In Egypt, a 4,400-year-old mummy is found near the Pyramid of Cheops.
• 1995 – Mississippi formally ratifies the Thirteenth Amendment, becoming the last state to approve the abolition of slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment was officially ratified in 1865.
• 2003 – Rachel Corrie, a 23-year-old American woman involved with the International Solidarity Movement, is killed trying to prevent a Palestinian home from being destroyed by a bulldozer in Rafah.
• 2005 – Israel officially hands over Jericho to Palestinian control.
• 2014 – Crimea votes in a controversial referendum to secede from Ukraine to join Russia.

Births

• 1338 – Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, English son of Katherine Mortimer, Countess of Warwick (d. 1401)
• 1399 – Xuande Emperor of China (d. 1435)
• 1445 – Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, Swiss priest (d. 1510)
• 1473 – Henry IV, Duke of Saxony (d. 1541)
• 1581 – Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, Dutch historian and poet (d. 1647)
• 1585 – Gerbrand Adriaensz Bredero, Dutch poet and playwright (d. 1618)
• 1631 – René Le Bossu, French critic (d. 1680)
• 1654 – Andreas Acoluthus, German scholar (d. 1704)
• 1663 – Jean-Baptiste Matho, French composer (d. 1743)
• 1750 – Caroline Herschel, German-English astronomer (d. 1848)
• 1751 – James Madison, American politician, 4th President of the United States (d. 1836)
• 1771 – Antoine-Jean Gros, French painter (d. 1835)
• 1773 – Juan Ramón Balcarce, Argentinian general and politician, 6th Governor of Buenos Aires Province (d. 1836)
• 1774 – Matthew Flinders, English navigator and cartographer (d. 1814)
• 1789 – Francis Chesney, English general and explorer (d. 1872)
• 1789 – Georg Ohm, German physicist (d. 1854)
• 1794 – Ami Boué, Austrian geologist (d. 1881)
• 1797 – Alaric Alexander Watts, English poet and journalist (d. 1864)
• 1800 – Emperor Ninkō of Japan (d. 1846)
• 1805 – Peter Ernst von Lasaulx, German philologist and politician (d. 1861)
• 1821 – Eduard Heine, German mathematician (d. 1881)
• 1822 – Rosa Bonheur, French painter and sculptor (d. 1899)
• 1822 – John Pope, American general (d. 1892)
• 1823 – William Henry Monk, English organist and composer (d. 1889)
• 1834 – James Hector, Scottish geologist (d. 1907)
• 1836 – Andrew Smith Hallidie, English-American engineer and inventor (d. 1900)
• 1839 – Sully Prudhomme, French poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
• 1839 – John Butler Yeats, Irish painter (d. 1922)
• 1840 – Shibusawa Eiichi, Japanese businessman (d. 1931)
• 1845 – Umegatani Tōtarō I, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 15th Yokozuna (d. 1928)
• 1846 – Jurgis Bielinis, Lithuanian book smuggler (d. 1918)
• 1846 – Gösta Mittag-Leffler, Swedish mathematician (d. 1927)
• 1848 – Axel Heiberg, Norwegian financier and diplomat (d. 1932)
• 1851 – Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (d. 1931)
• 1853 – Heinrich Kayser, German physicist and spectroscopist (d. 1940)
• 1856 – Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France (d. 1879)
• 1857 – Charles Harding Firth, English historian and academic (d. 1936)
• 1859 – Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Russian physicist (d. 1906)
• 1865 – Patsy Donovan, Irish-American baseball player and manager (d. 1953)
• 1869 – Willy Burmester, German violinist (d. 1933)
• 1869 – F. A. Forbes, Scottish author (d. 1936)
• 1871 – Hans Merensky, South African geologist and philanthropist (d. 1951)
• 1871 – Frantz Reichel, French rugby player (d. 1932)
• 1876 – Charles Halton, American actor (d. 1959)
• 1877 – Léo-Ernest Ouimet, Canadian director and producer (d. 1972)
• 1878 – Clemens August Graf von Galen, German cardinal (d. 1946)
• 1883 – Ethel Anderson, Australian poet (d. 1958)
• 1884 – Eric P. Kelly, American journalist and author (d. 1960)
• 1885 – Giacomo Benvenuti, Italian composer and musicologist (d. 1943)
• 1885 – Emory Holloway, American author (d. 1977)
• 1889 – Reggie Walker, South African runner (d. 1951)
• 1890 – Solomon Mikhoels, Latvian actor (d. 1948)
• 1890 – Robert Natus, Estonian architect (d. 1950)
• 1892 – James Petrillo, American union leader (d. 1984)
• 1892 – César Vallejo, Peruvian poet (d. 1938)
• 1897 – Conrad Nagel, American actor (d. 1970)
• 1899 – Alberto Gainza Paz, Argentinian journalist and activist (d. 1977)
• 1901 – Edward Pawley, American actor (d. 1988)
• 1901 – Potti Sreeramulu, Indian activist (d. 1952)
• 1902 – Leon Roppolo, American clarinet player (New Orleans Rhythm Kings) (d. 1943)
• 1903 – Mike Mansfield, American politician and diplomat, 22nd United States Ambassador to Japan (d. 2001)
• 1905 – Elisabeth Flickenschildt, German actress, producer, and author (d. 1977)
• 1906 – Francisco Ayala, Spanish author (d. 2009)
• 1906 – Henny Youngman, English-American violinist and comedian (d. 1998)
• 1908 – René Daumal, French author and poet (d. 1944)
• 1908 – Robert Rossen, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1966)
• 1911 – Pierre Harmel, Belgian politician, 40th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2009)
• 1911 – Josef Mengele, German physician and SS officer (d. 1979)
• 1912 – Pat Nixon, American educator, 39th First Lady of the United States (d. 1993)
• 1915 – Kodaira Kunihiko, Japanese mathematician (d. 1997)
• 1916 – Sapru, Indian actor (d. 1979)
• 1916 – Mercedes McCambridge, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1916 – Tsutomu Yamaguchi, Japanese engineer and businessman (d. 2010)
• 1917 – Samael Aun Weor, Colombian author (d. 1977)
• 1917 – Louis C. Wyman, American politician (d. 2002)
• 1918 – Frederick Reines, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
• 1920 – John Addison, English-American composer (d. 1998)
• 1920 – Dorothea Binz, German SS officer (d. 1947)
• 1920 – Sid Fleischman, American author (d. 2010)
• 1920 – Traudl Junge, German secretary and journalist (d. 2002)
• 1920 – Leo McKern, Australian-English actor (d. 2002)
• 1922 – Harding Lemay, American screenwriter and playwright
• 1924 – Beryl Davis, English-American singer (d. 2011)
• 1925 – Cornell Borchers, Lithuanian-German actress (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Mary Hinkson, American dancer and choreographer (d. 2104)
• 1925 – Ervin Kassai, Hungarian basketball player and referee (d. 2012)
• 1925 – Luis E. Miramontes, Mexican chemist (d. 2004)
• 1926 – Charles Goodell, American politician (d. 1987)
• 1926 – Jerry Lewis, American actor, singer, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1927 – Ruby Braff, American trumpet player (d. 2003)
• 1927 – Vladimir Komarov, Russian pilot, engineer, and astronaut (d. 1967)
• 1927 – Daniel Patrick Moynihan, American sociologist and politician, 12th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2003)
• 1927 – Olga San Juan, American actress and dancer (d. 2009)
• 1928 – Karlheinz Böhm, German-Austrian actor (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Wakanohana Kanji I, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 45th Yokozuna (d. 2010)
• 1928 – Christa Ludwig, German soprano
• 1929 – Betty Johnson, American singer (The Johnson Family Singers)
• 1929 – Nadja Tiller, Austrian-German actress
• 1930 – Tommy Flanagan, American pianist (d. 2001)
• 1931 – Alan Heyman, American-South Korean musicologist and composer (d. 2014)
• 1931 – Anthony Kenny, English philosopher and academic
• 1931 – John Munro, Canadian politician (d. 2003)
• 1932 – Don Blasingame, American baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
• 1932 – Walter Cunningham, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
• 1932 – Kurt Diemberger, Austrian mountaineer and author
• 1932 – Herbert Marx, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician
• 1933 – Keith Critchlow, English architect and academic, co-founded Temenos Academy
• 1933 – Sanford I. Weill, American banker, financier, and philanthropist
• 1934 – Jean Cournoyer, Canadian politician
• 1934 – Ray Hnatyshyn, Canadian lawyer and politician, 24th Governor-General of Canada (d. 2002)
• 1934 – Mack McInnis, American politician (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Roger Norrington, English conductor
• 1934 – Ray Walker, American singer (The Jordanaires)
• 1935 – Teresa Berganza, Spanish soprano
• 1936 – Fred Neil, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2001)
• 1936 – Raymond Vahan Damadian, Armenian-American inventor, invented the MRI
• 1936 – Elisabeth Volkmann, German actress and singer (d. 2006)
• 1937 – David Frith, English historian, journalist, and author
• 1937 – Amos Tversky, Israeli psychologist (d. 1996)
• 1939 – Carlos Bilardo, Argentinian footballer and coach
• 1940 – Bernardo Bertolucci, Italian director and screenwriter
• 1940 – Vagif Mustafazadeh, Azerbaijani pianist and composer (d. 1979)
• 1940 – Jan Pronk, Dutch politician
• 1940 – Keith Rowe, English guitarist (AMM and M.I.M.E.O.)
• 1941 – Bernardo Bertolucci, Italian film director
• 1941 – Robert Guéï, Ivorian soldier and politician, 3rd President of Côte d'Ivoire (d. 2002)
• 1941 – Chuck Woolery, American game show host
• 1942 – Roger Crozier, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1996)
• 1942 – James Soong, Chinese-Taiwanese politician, Governor of Taiwan Province
• 1942 – Jerry Jeff Walker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Lost Gonzo Band)
• 1942 – Gijs van Lennep, Dutch race car driver
• 1943 – Ursula Goodenough, American biologist, zoologist, and author
• 1943 – Kim Mu-saeng, South Korean actor (d. 2005)
• 1944 – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, American computer scientist and author
• 1946 – Michael Basman, English chess player
• 1946 – Mary Kaldor, British academic
• 1946 – Sigmund Groven, Norwegian harmonica virtuoso and composer
• 1946 – Hubert Soudant, Dutch conductor
• 1947 – Ramzan Paskayev, Kazakh accordion player and composer
• 1947 – Baek Yoon-sik, South Korean actor
• 1947 – Trevor Hartley, English footballer and manager
• 1948 – Michael Owen Bruce, American singer-songwriter
• 1948 – Richard Desjardins, Canadian singer-songwriter and director
• 1948 – Margaret Weis, American author
• 1949 – Erik Estrada, American actor
• 1949 – Victor Garber, Canadian actor and singer
• 1949 – Elliott Murphy, American-French singer-songwriter and author
• 1949 – Joseph Pilato, American actor
• 1950 – Peter Forster, English bishop
• 1951 – Ray Benson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Asleep at the Wheel)
• 1951 – Erich Cviertna, Czech footballer and manager (d. 2013)
• 1951 – Joe DeLamielleure, American football player
• 1951 – Kate Nelligan, Canadian actress
• 1952 – Graham Cole, English actor
• 1952 – Alice Hoffman, American author
• 1952 – Philippe Kahn, French businessman, co-founded Fullpower Technologies
• 1952 – Scott Simon, American journalist
• 1953 – Isabelle Huppert, French actress
• 1953 – Óscar Ramírez, Peruvian terrorist
• 1953 – Richard Matthew Stallman, American computer programmer
• 1954 – David Heath, English politician
• 1954 – Jimmy Nail, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1954 – Tim O'Brien, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Hot Rize)
• 1954 – Hollis Stacy, American golfer
• 1954 – Nancy Wilson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actress (Heart)
• 1955 – Svetlana Alexeeva, Russian ice dancer and coach
• 1955 – Bruno Barreto, Brazilian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1955 – Jiro Watanabe, Japanese boxer
• 1956 – Michael Dixon, English zoologist and curator
• 1956 – Ozzie Newsome, American football player
• 1956 – Clifton Powell, American actor
• 1957 – Matthew Bannister, English broadcaster
• 1958 – Phillip Wilcher, Australian pianist and classical music composer
• 1958 – Kate Worley, American author (d. 2004)
• 1959 – Sebastian Currier, American composer and educator
• 1959 – Flavor Flav, American rapper and actor (Public Enemy)
• 1959 – Jens Stoltenberg, Norwegian politician, 27th Prime Minister of Norway
• 1960 – Jenny Eclair, English actress and author
• 1960 – John Hemming, English politician
• 1960 – Duane Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1961 – Brett Kenny, Australian rugby player
• 1961 – Todd McFarlane, Canadian author, illustrator, and businessman, founded McFarlane Toys
• 1961 – Michiru Oshima, Japanese composer and producer
• 1963 – Jimmy DeGrasso, American drummer (Megadeth, Black Star Riders, F5, Y&T, and Suicidal Tendencies)
• 1963 – Jerome Flynn, English actor
• 1963 – Kevin Smith, New Zealand actor (d. 2002)
• 1964 – Henry O. Godwinn, American wrestler
• 1964 – Patty Griffin, American singer-songwriter (Band of Joy)
• 1964 – Pascal Richard, Swiss cyclist
• 1964 – Gore Verbinski, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1965 – Steve Armstrong, American wrestler
• 1965 – Mark Carney, Canadian-English economist and banker
• 1965 – Richard Daniel Roman, English-Spanish songwriter and producer
• 1965 – Belén Rueda, Spanish actress
• 1966 – H.P. Baxxter, German singer-songwriter (Scooter and Celebrate the Nun)
• 1967 – Tracy Bonham, American singer and violinist
• 1967 – John Darnielle, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Mountain Goats, The Extra Lens, and The Bloody Hawaiians)
• 1967 – Lauren Graham, American actress and producer
• 1968 – Ananya Khare, Indian actress
• 1968 – Trevor Wilson, American basketball player
• 1969 – Judah Friedlander, American comedian and actor
• 1969 – Aggelos Koronios, Greek basketball player and coach
• 1970 – Joakim Berg, Swedish singer-songwriter (Kent)
• 1970 – Paul Oscar, Icelandic singer-songwriter
• 1970 – Reynolds Wolf, American meteorologist and journalist
• 1971 – Alan Tudyk, American actor
• 1972 – Veiko Õunpuu, Estonian director and screenwriter
• 1972 – Velibor Radović, Serbian basketball player
• 1973 – Tim Kang, American actor
• 1973 – Patrick N. Millsaps, American lawyer
• 1973 – Vonda Ward, American boxer
• 1974 – Georgios Anatolakis, Greek footballer and politician
• 1974 – Fotini Vavatsi, Greek archer
• 1975 – Sienna Guillory, English actress
• 1976 – Blu Cantrell, American singer-songwriter
• 1976 – Abraham Núñez, Dominican baseball player
• 1976 – Paul Schneider, American actor and director
• 1976 – Nick Spano, American actor
• 1977 – Donal Óg Cusack, Irish hurler
• 1977 – Hiroki Yasumoto, Japanese voice actor
• 1978 – Brooke Burns, American actress
• 1978 – Ayesha Dharker, Indian actress
• 1979 – Édison Méndez, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1979 – Rashad Moore, American football player
• 1979 – Leena Peisa, Finnish keyboard player and songwriter (Lordi)
• 1979 – Andrei Stepanov, Estonian footballer
• 1980 – Todd Heap, American football player
• 1980 – Felipe Reyes, Spanish basketball player
• 1981 – Andrew Bree, Irish swimmer
• 1981 – Danny Brown, American rapper
• 1981 – Curtis Granderson, American baseball player
• 1981 – Yoav Ziv, Israeli footballer
• 1982 – Riley Cote, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1982 – Dian Sastrowardoyo, Indonesian model and actress
• 1982 – Brian Wilson, American baseball player
• 1983 – Brandon League, American baseball player
• 1983 – Stephen Drew, American baseball player
• 1983 – Vitali Gussev, Estonian footballer
• 1983 – Joe Mande, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1983 – Tramon Williams, American football player
• 1984 – Levi Brown, American football player
• 1984 – Hosea Gear, New Zealand rugby player
• 1984 – Brandon Prust, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Nele-Liis Vaiksoo, Estonian singer and actress
• 1985 – Eddy Lover, Panamanian singer-songwriter
• 1986 – Joe Denly, English cricketer
• 1986 – Toney Douglas, American basketball player
• 1986 – Kenny Dykstra, American wrestler
• 1986 – T. J. Jordan, American basketball player
• 1986 – Boaz Solossa, Indonesian footballer
• 1986 – Daisuke Takahashi, Japanese figure skater
• 1986 – Nicole Trunfio, Australian model and actress
• 1987 – Paw Diaz, Filipino actress
• 1987 – Tiiu Kuik, Estonian model
• 1988 – Jhené Aiko, American singer-songwriter (Cocaine 80s)
• 1988 – Brett DiBiase, American wrestler and referee
• 1988 – Jessica Gregg, Canadian speed skater
• 1988 – Patrick Herrmann, German footballer
• 1989 – Blake Griffin, American basketball player
• 1989 – Theo Walcott, English footballer
• 1991 – Wolfgang Van Halen, American bass player (Van Halen)
• 1992 – Brett Davern, American actor
• 1995 – Inga Janulevičiūtė, Lithuanian figure skater
• 1999 – Bailie Key, American gymnast

Deaths

• 37 – Tiberius, Roman emperor (b. 42 BC)
• 455 – Heraclius, Roman servant
• 455 – Valentinian III, Roman emperor (b. 419)
• 1021 – Heribert of Cologne, German archbishop and saint (b. 970)
• 1072 – Adalbert of Hamburg, German archbishop (b. 1000)
• 1322 – Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, English politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1276)
• 1410 – John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, French-English admiral (b. 1373)
• 1457 – Ladislaus Hunyadi, Hungarian politician (b. 1433)
• 1485 – Anne Neville, English wife of Richard III of England (b. 1456)
• 1559 – Anthony St. Leger, English-Irish politician Lord Deputy of Ireland (b. 1496)
• 1649 – Jean de Brébeuf, French-Canadian missionary and saint (b. 1593)
• 1679 – John Leverett, English-American general and politician, 19th Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1616)
• 1721 – James Craggs the Elder, English politician (b. 1657)
• 1736 – Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1710)
• 1737 – Benjamin Wadsworth, American clergyman and academic (b. 1670)
• 1738 – George Bähr, German architect, designed the Dresden Frauenkirche (b. 1666)
• 1747 – Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. 1690)
• 1838 – Nathaniel Bowditch, American captain and mathematician (b. 1773)
• 1841 – Félix Savart, French physicist (d. 1791)
• 1888 – Hippolyte Carnot, French politician (b. 1801)
• 1890 – Princess Zorka of Montenegro (b. 1864)
• 1892 – Samuel F. Miller, American politician (b. 1827)
• 1898 – Aubrey Beardsley, English author and illustrator (b. 1872)
• 1899 – Joseph Medill, American politician, 26th Mayor of Chicago (b. 1823)
• 1903 – Roy Bean, American jurist (b. 1825)
• 1907 – John O'Leary, Irish activist (b. 1830)
• 1914 – Gaston Calmette, French journalist (b. 1858)
• 1914 – Charles Albert Gobat, Swiss lawyer and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1843)
• 1914 – John Murray, Scottish oceanographer, marine biologist and limnologist (b. 1841)
• 1925 – August von Wassermann, German bacteriologist and hygienist (b. 1866)
• 1926 – Sergeant Stubby, American dog (b. 1916)
• 1927 – William Exshaw, English sailor (b. 1866)
• 1930 – Miguel Primo de Rivera, Spanish general and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1870)
• 1935 – John James Rickard Macleod, Scottish physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1876)
• 1935 – Aron Nimzowitsch, Latvian-Danish chess player (b. 1886)
• 1936 – Marguerite Durand, French journalist and activist (b. 1864)
• 1937 – Alexander von Staël-Holstein, Estonian orientalist and sinologist (b. 1877)
• 1940 – Selma Lagerlöf, Swedish author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1858)
• 1945 – Simeon Price, American golfer (b. 1882)
• 1945 – Börries von Münchhausen, German poet (b. 1874)
• 1955 – Nicolas de Staël, French-Russian painter (b. 1914)
• 1957 – Constantin Brâncuși, Romanian-French sculptor (b. 1876)
• 1961 – Chen Geng, Chinese general (b. 1903)
• 1961 – Václav Talich, Czech violinist and conductor (b. 1883)
• 1963 – Laura Adams Armer, American author and photographer (b. 1874)
• 1968 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian-American composer (b. 1895)
• 1968 – Gunnar Ekelöf, Swedish poet (b. 1907)
• 1970 – Tammi Terrell, American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
• 1971 – Thomas E. Dewey, American politician, 47th Governor of New York (b. 1902)
• 1975 – Richard W. DeKorte, American politician (b. 1936)
• 1975 – T-Bone Walker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1910)
• 1977 – Kamal Jumblatt, Lebanese politician (b. 1917)
• 1979 – Jean-Guy Cardinal, Canadian politician (b. 1925)
• 1979 – Lucien Démanet, French gymnast (b. 1874)
• 1979 – Jean Monnet, French economist and politician (b. 1888)
• 1980 – Tamara de Lempicka, Polish-American painter (b. 1898)
• 1983 – Arthur Godfrey, American actor and television host (b. 1903)
• 1983 – Fred Rose, Canadian politician (b. 1907)
• 1984 – John Hoagland, American photographer (b. 1947)
• 1985 – Roger Sessions, American composer (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Eddie Shore, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1902)
• 1992 – Roger Lemelin, Canadian author and screenwriter (b. 1919)
• 1992 – Yves Rocard, French physicist (b. 1903)
• 1993 – Johnny Cymbal, Scottish-American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1945)
• 1996 – Charlie Barnett, American actor (b. 1954)
• 1998 – Derek Barton, English-American chemist and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
• 1999 – Gratien Gélinas, Canadian actor, director, and playwright (b. 1909)
• 2000 – Thomas Ferebee, American colonel (b. 1918)
• 2000 – Pavel Prudnikau, Belarusian writer (b. 1911)
• 2000 – Michael Starr, Canadian politician (b. 1910)
• 2001 – Norma MacMillan, Canadian voice actress (b. 1921)
• 2001 – Bob Wollek, French race car driver (b. 1943)
• 2003 – Rachel Corrie, American activist (b. 1979)
• 2003 – Ronald Ferguson, English captain, polo player, and manager (b. 1931)
• 2004 – Vilém Tauský, Czech conductor and composer (b. 1910)
• 2005 – Todd Bell, American football player (b. 1958)
• 2005 – Ralph Erskine, English architect, designed the The London Ark (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Anthony George, American actor (b. 1921)
• 2005 – Allan Hendrickse, South African politician (b. 1927)
• 2005 – Dick Radatz, American baseball player (b. 1937)
• 2006 – David Feintuch, American author (b. 1944)
• 2006 – Minnie Pwerle, Australian painter (b. 1910)
• 2007 – Manjural Islam Rana, Bangladeshi cricketer (b. 1984)
• 2008 – Bill Brown, Australian cricketer (b. 1912)
• 2008 – Ola Brunkert, Swedish drummer (b. 1946)
• 2008 – Ivan Dixon, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1931)
• 2008 – Gary Hart, American wrestler and manager (b. 1942)
• 2008 – John Hewer, English actor (b. 1922)
• 2008 – G. David Low, American astronaut and engineer (b. 1956)
• 2008 – Daniel MacMaster, Canadian singer (Bonham) (b. 1968)
• 2009 – Marvin Sutton, American criminal (b. 1946)
• 2011 – Richard Wirthlin, American religious leader (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Aziz Ab'Sáber, Brazilian geologist and environmentalist (b. 1924)
• 2012 – M. A. R. Barker, American linguist, author, and academic (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Estanislau Basora, Spanish footballer (b. 1926)
• 2012 – John Ghindia, American football player and coach (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Donald E. Hillman, American colonel and pilot (b. 1918)
• 2012 – Peter Serracino Inglott, Maltese priest, philosopher, and academic (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Takaaki Yoshimoto, Japanese poet, philosopher, and critic (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Trond Brænne, Norwegian actor and author (b. 1953)
• 2013 – Larcenia Bullard, American politician (b. 1947)
• 2013 – Jamal Nazrul Islam, Bangladeshi physicist and cosmologist (b. 1939)
• 2013 – José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz, Argentinian economist and politician, Minister of Economy of Argentina (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Jason Molina, American singer-songwriter (b. 1973)
• 2013 – Yadier Pedroso, Cuban baseball player (b. 1986)
• 2013 – Bobby Smith, American singer (The Spinners) (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Marina Solodkin, Russian-Israeli academic and politician (b. 1952)
• 2013 – Frank Thornton, English actor (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Gary Bettenhausen, American race car driver (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Donald Crothers, Indian-American chemist and academic (b. 1937)
• 2014 – Lapiro de Mbanga, Cameroonian singer and guitarist (b. 1957)
• 2014 – Mitch Leigh, American composer and producer (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Steve Moore, English author and illustrator (b. 1949)
• 2014 – Yulisa Pat Amadu Maddy, Sierra Leonean author, poet, and playwright (b. 1936)
• 2014 – Alexander Pochinok, Russian economist and politician (b. 1958)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Abbán
  • Heribert of Cologne
• Latvian Legion Day (Latvia)
• Saint Urho's Day (Finnish community in U.S. and Canada)
• The first day of the Bacchanalia (Roman Empire)
• The day of the Book Smugglers (Lithuania)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada