Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
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Margaret of Dampierre (13 April 1350 – 16/21 March 1405) was Countess of Flanders (as Margaret III), Countess of Artois and Countess Palatine of Burgundy (as Margaret II) and twice Duchess consort of Burgundy. Through her mother, (Margaret of Brabant, daughter of John III, Duke of Brabant), the younger Margaret was also an heiress of the Duchies of Brabant and Limburg.
[edit] History
She was the daughter and heir of Louis de Mâle, Count of Flanders, Count of Nevers, and Count of Rethel (1346–1384); and his wife Margaret of Brabant. Through his mother Margaret of France, Louis was also Count of Burgundy and Count of Artois (1382–1384).
In 1357, the young Margaret, then seven, married Philip of Rouvres, grandson and heir of Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy. Philip was eleven years old and her second cousin. He was count of Burgundy and Artois (1347–1361), Duke of Burgundy (1350–1361), and became yet Count of Auvergne and Boulogne (1360–1361).
Margaret was widowed in 1361, and with the death of her husband the duchy of Burgundy was inherited by John II of France (as John I of Burgundy). In 1363 Philip the Bold, John's youngest son, was granted the duchy as Philip II, and subsequently married its former duchess in 1369. Philip had earlier been Duke of Touraine (1359–1363), and became later also count of Charolais (1390–1404). When Margaret's father died in 1384, she and Philip inherited the counties of Artois, Burgundy, Flanders, Nevers, and Rethel. Philip died in 1404, and Margaret died the next year.
According to Guizot, her father had not wished her to marry a Frenchman, being more friendly to England; he was persuaded to agree to the marriage by his mother, Marguerite of France.
[edit] Family
Margaret and Philip had the following children:
- John the Fearless (1371–1419, murdered at Montereau), his eldest son and successor as Duke of Burgundy
- Charles (1372–1373)
- Marguerite of Burgundy (October 1374 – March 8, 1441, Le Quesnoy), Countess of Mortain married William VI, Count of Holland and Duke of Bavaria-Straubing
- Louis (1377–1378)
- Catherine of Burgundy (April 1378, Montbard – January 24, 1425, Grey-sur-Saone), married Leopold IV, Duke of Austria
- Bonne (1379–1399, Arras)
- Antoine, Duke of Brabant (August, 1384 – October 25, 1415, at Agincourt)
- Mary of Burgundy (September 1386, Dijon – October 2, 1422, Thonon-les-Bains), married Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy
- Philip II, Count of Nevers and Rethel (1389–1415, at Agincourt)
Her eldest son, John the Fearless, succeeded her in 1405 as Duke of Burgundy, Count of Burgundy, Count of Artois, and Count of Flanders. In 1406 her younger son Anthony inherited Brabant and Limburg. Nevers was at first, in her lifetime, given to their eldest son John, but after his accession to duchy, went later to her youngest son Philippe, thus comte de Nevers.
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