Marginal sea

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Marginal seas as defined by the IMO
The Arabian Sea as a marginal sea of the Indian Ocean

The term marginal sea commonly has two differing meanings.

As an oceanographic term, marginal sea indicates a partially enclosed sea adjacent to or widely open to the open ocean at the surface, but bounded by submarine ridges on the sea floor.[1][clarification needed]

As a geopolitical term, marginal sea is equivalent to territorial waters.[2] Defining what naval territory falls under a state's jurisdiction as "marginal sea" is important in determining what maritime resources that state can exploit.[3]

Marginal seas of the world [edit]

The Norwegian Sea

Sources differ over which seas are considered marginal seas as well as which ocean a given sea is considered a marginal part of. There is no single ultimate authority on the matter.

Marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean:

The Irish Sea

Marginal seas of the Atlantic Ocean:

Marginal seas of the Indian Ocean:

Aegean, Adriatic, Ionian, and Tyrrhenian seas

Marginal seas of the Mediterranean Sea:

Marginal sea of the Black Sea:

Coral Sea

Marginal seas of the Pacific Ocean:

Marginal seas of the Southern Ocean:

The Caribbean Sea is sometimes defined as a marginal sea,[3] sometimes as a mediterranean sea.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (1994). Glossary of the mapping sciences. ASCE Publications. p. 469. ISBN 978-0-7844-0050-0. Retrieved 9 December 2010. 
  2. ^ George M. Cole (21 March 1997). Water boundaries. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 137–139. ISBN 978-0-471-17929-0. Retrieved 9 December 2010. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q James C. F. Wang (1992). Handbook on ocean politics & law. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 14–. ISBN 978-0-313-26434-4. Retrieved 9 December 2010. 
  4. ^ Kara Sea, Encyclopædia Britannica
  5. ^ Laptev Sea, Encyclopædia Britannica
  6. ^ Longhurt, Alan R. (2007). Ecological Geography of the Sea. Academic Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-12-455521-1. Retrieved 13 December 2010. 
  7. ^ Andaman Sea, Encyclopædia Britannica