McIntosh County, Oklahoma
| McIntosh County, Oklahoma | |
 Location in the state of Oklahoma |
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 Oklahoma's location in the U.S. |
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| Founded | 1907 |
|---|---|
| Seat | Eufaula |
| Area - Total - Land - Water |
712 sq mi (1,844 km²) 620 sq mi (1,606 km²) 92 sq mi (238 km²), 12.98% |
| PopulationEst. - (2012) - Density |
20,584 29/sq mi (11/km²) |
McIntosh County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 20,252 at the 2010 census, an increase of 4.1 percent from 19,456 at the 2000 census.[1] Its county seat is Eufaula.[2] The county is named for an influential Muscogee Creek family.[3]
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History [edit]
Many archaeological sites in McIntosh County date back to the Archaic period in North America (6000 BC - 1 AD). (Ed. note: the Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture defines this period as written here. The definition differs from that shown by the linked Wikipedia article.) Archaeologists have uncovered six cites since 2003 that predate these. Petroglyphs at the Handprint Site may have been made by indigenous people before the coming of the earliest European explorers[3]
In 1825, the Lower Creeks, led by William McIntosh, agreed to exchange their land in the state of Georgia for land in what would become Oklahoma. Much of the new land covered what would eventually become McIntosh County. Chief McIntosh himself died in Georgia before the migration. Once they arrived, the Creeks repeatedly battled with the Osage who frequented the area. In 1836, the Creeks established North Fork Town on the Texas Road, about two miles east of present-day Eufaula. A post office named Micco operated in North Fork Town from 1853 to 1886. This area became part of the Eufaula District of the Creek Nation.[3]
Albert Pike, representing the Confederate States of America, signed treaties with the Chickasaw, Choctaw and Creek nations at the beginning of the Civil War. The Battle of Honey Springs, the largest battle of the war in what is now Oklahoma, was fought near Rentiesville. The Union Army won a victory allowing it to control the part of Indian Territory north of the Arkansas River.[3]
The Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railway built a line through this area in 1871-2, generally following the Texas Road. The communities of Checotah and Eufaula were established then. In 1904-5, the Missouri, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway (which later merged into the Kansas, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway laid a line through the northwestern part of the area, starting the community of Hitchita.[3]
McIntosh County was established at statehood in 1907, when the population was 17,975. The county gained some land from Hughes County in 1915, but lost some land to Okmulgee County in 1918.[3] The former moved the community of Hanna from Hughes County. The latter moved the community of Stidham to Okmulgee County.[3]
Geography [edit]
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,845 km² (712 mi²). 1,606 km² (620 mi²) of it is land and 240 km² (92 mi²) of it (12.98%) is water. Much of the water surface is attributable to Eufaula Lake, the largest reservoir entirely within the state. The county is drained by the Deep Fork River, North Canadian River and Canadian River.[3]
Major highways [edit]
Interstate 40
U.S. Highway 69
U.S. Highway 266
State Highway 9
State Highway 72- Indian Nation Turnpike
Adjacent counties [edit]
- Muskogee County (north & east)
- Haskell County (southeast)
- Pittsburg County (south)
- Hughes County (southwest)
- Okfuskee County (west)
- Okmulgee County (northwest)
Economy [edit]
The county economy has been based primarily on farming and ranching. Corn was the principal crop until 1900, when cotton superseded it (as measured by acreage) around the middle of the 20th Century. Other crops such as sorghum, oats and wheat also became important. However, construction of Eufaula Lake inundated much of the best cropland and caused a large scale decline in agriculture. Cotton farming essentially ceased in the county by the mid 1970s. Cattle ranching remained important, continuing to rise throughout the century. By 2000, the county reported 55,000 head of cattle.<fre name ="EOHC-McIntoshCo"/>
Mineral resources such as oil, natural gas, limestone, sand and gravel have also been important. While there are ample coal deposits, much of it has a high ash and sulfur content, so little except the low-sulfur type has been mined.[3]
Completion of Eufaula Lake in 1964, besides generating revenue from hydroelectric power, also stimulated tourism and produced companion businesses like boast building and general retail.[3]
Demographics [edit]
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 19,456 people, 8,085 households, and 5,683 families residing in the county. The population density was 12/km² (31/mi²). There were 12,640 housing units at an average density of 8/km² (20/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 72.59% White, 4.06% Black or African American, 16.20% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.35% from other races, and 6.63% from two or more races. 1.27% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 96.4% spoke English, 1.5% Muskogee and 1.5% Spanish as their first language.
There were 8,085 households out of which 25.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.60% were married couples living together, 10.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.70% were non-families. 26.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.84.
In the county, the population was spread out with 22.60% under the age of 18, 6.40% from 18 to 24, 22.30% from 25 to 44, 26.90% from 45 to 64, and 21.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 91.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.30 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $25,964, and the median income for a family was $31,990. Males had a median income of $27,998 versus $19,030 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,410. About 13.50% of families and 18.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.80% of those under age 18 and 13.30% of those age 65 or over.
| Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of January 15, 2012[5] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Number of Voters | Percentage | |||
| Democratic | 9,198 | 75.73% | |||
| Republican | 2,262 | 18.62% | |||
| Unaffiliated | 685 | 5.65% | |||
| Total | 12,145 | 100% | |||
Politics [edit]
| Year | Republican | Democrat |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 59.63% 4,903 | 40.37% 3,320 |
| 2004 | 51.11% 4,692 | 48.89% 4,488 |
| 2000 | 44.26% 3,444 | 54.05% 4,206 |
Communities [edit]
Cities [edit]
Towns [edit]
Census-designated places [edit]
NRHP sites [edit]
The following sites in McIntosh County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:
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Cemeteries in McIntosh County [edit]
- Artussee Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Asbury Cemetery (Texanna)
- Barnett Family Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Bearhead Cemetery (Hanna)
- Bertholf Cemetery
- Bessie C. Tabor (Texanna)
- Big Arbor Cemetery
- Blackhaw Cemetery (Texanna)
- Brown Family Cemetery (Checotah)
- Brown's Chapel Cemetery (Texanna)
- Brush Hill Cemetery (Brush Hill)
- Buckner Cemetery (Eufaula)
- C. R. Freeman Cemetery (Texanna)
- Carr Creek Cemetery (Onapa)
- Cathay-Cathey-Cathy
- Cathey Cemetery (Texanna)
- Cave Creek Indian Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Central High Cemetery(New name Twin Grove Cemetery) (Checotah)
- Charles Cemetery
- Checotah IOOF Home Cemetery (Checotah)
- Children of God Church Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Coleman Cemetery (Texanna)
- Combs Cemetery (Rentiesville)
- Daniel Family Cemetery (Tiger Mountain)(Hitchita)
- Davis Family Cemetery (Texanna)
- Doyle Cemetery (Texanna)
- Eufaula Cemetery (New name Greenwood Cemetery) (Eufaula)
- Evans Cemetery (Mellette)
- Evergreen Cemetery
- Ewing (Eufaula)
- Fame Cemetery (Fame)
- Fishertown Cemetery (Texanna)
- Gaines Creek Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Gentry Family Cemetery (Checotah)
- Gouge (Hanna)
- Graves Creek Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Gray Family Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Greenlawn Cemetery (Checotah)
- Groves Cemetery (Texanna)
- Hanna Cemetery (Hanna)
- Hanna City Cemetery (Hanna)
- Hawkins Family Cemetery (Hanna)
- Hawkins McIntosh Family Cemetery (Lenna)
- Hi Early Cemetery
- Hillabee Cemetery (other name Hillubee)(Hanna)
- Hitchita-Lackey Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Hoffman Cemetery
- Honey Springs Battlefield (mass grave)
- Honey Springs Cemetery (Rentiesville)
- Huttonville Cemetery
- Indian Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Indian Territory Checotah Cemetery
- James H. Tabor Cemetery (Texanna)
- Keeler
- Kold (Fame)
- Lackey Cemetery (Raiford)
- Lackey Cemetery (new name Hitchita-Lackey Cemetery)(Hitchita)
- Lake Eufaula
- Lawson Williams Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Lenna Cemetery (Lenna)
- Lerblance Cemetery (Defunct)
- Loscar Williams Cemetery
- lowe family (Brush Hill)
- Manawa Cemetery
- McIntosh -Hawkins (Stidham)
- McIntosh Cemetery
- McIntosh Family Cemetery (Checotah)
- McKee (Texanna)
- McNak Cemetery (Texanna)
- McNaulty Cemetery (Checotah)
- McNik Cemetery
- Mellette Cemetery (Hanna)
- Meore Cemetery
- Mitchell Family Cemetery (Hanna)
- Monroe (Shady Grove)
- Moore Cemetery
- Morrison Cemetery
- Mount Nebo Cemetery
- Nalley Family Cemetery (Texanna)
- Oak Hill Cemetery
- Oakwood Cemetery
- Okfuskee Baptist Church Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Old Checotah Cemetery(New name Indian Territory Checotah Cemetery)
- Old Eufala Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Old Hope Cemetery (Texanna)
- Old Indian Cemetery (new name Simpson Cemetery)
- Old Mellette Cemetery (Mellette)
- Old Town Cemetery (Texanna)
- Paradise Cemetery (Checotah)
- Pierce Cemetery (Pierce)
- Polk Cemetery
- Quinton Family Cemetery (Checotah)
- Red Hill Cemetery
- Remsey Cemetery (Stidham)
- Richard Cemetery
- Ridley Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Robinson Chapel Cemetery (Fame)
- Robinson Family Cemetery (Rentiesville)
- Rogers Cemetery
- Rumsey Cemetery
- Rural Cemetery (Texanna)
- Scott Cemetery
- Sevier Family Cemetery (Hitchita)
- Shady Grove Cemetery
- hepherd Cemetery
- Simpson Cemetery
- Solomon (Hanna)
- Soweka Family Cemetery
- Taney Hill
- Thompson Cemetery
- Thompson Family Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Thompson Family Cemetery
- Tiger Cemetery (Hanna)
- Timothy Cemetery
- Toney Cemetery (Texanna)
- Triplett Cemetery (Texanna)
- Twin Grove Cemetery (Checotah)
- Unnamed Cemetery (Sec 13, T10N, R16E) (Eufaula)
- Unnamed Cemetery (Sec 4, T10N, R18E) (Eufaula)
- Vandiver Family Cemetery
- Warrior Cemetery (Checotah)
- Washington (Mellette)
- Weogufkee Cemetery
- Wesley Cemetery (Mellette)
- West Cemetery
- West Eufaula Indian Cemetery
- Whitlow Cemetery (Eufaula)
- Yardeka Indian Baptist Church Cemetery
References [edit]
- ^ CensusViewer:Population of McIntosh County, Oklahoma[1]
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. "McIntosh County."[2]
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ http://www.ok.gov/elections/documents/reg_0112.pdf
- ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". Retrieved 2011-06-11.
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