Copenhagen metropolitan area
The metropolitan area around the city of Copenhagen (or Metropolitan Copenhagen), Denmark has several definitions and also some historical, now defunct, definitions. The most widely accepted is the area which is strategically managed by the Finger Plan.
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[edit] Finger Plan
The area has been planned according the Finger Plan, which has given it five fingers of S-trains and urbanization stretching out from central Copenhagen. Lately a sixth finger over Amager has been formed by the Copenhagen Metro and Øresundsbroen to Malmø. Copenhagen metropolitan area is the largest of the commonly used definitions for the Copenhagen area. It has been defined administratively by the former Capital Region and is also known locally as HT-området (Capital Traffic area) because it is the zone where the capital traffic company formerly known as HT operates (now Movia), and is therefore the limit for how far you can go on a Copenhagen bus or train-ticket. Until 2007 the area consisted of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg Municipalities, Copenhagen County, Frederiksborg County and Roskilde County. After the municipality reform of Denmark 1 January 2007, the Danish counties were abolished and Vallø municipality which was a part of the metropolitan area was merged with Stevns municipality which was outside the metropolitan area and the new Stevns municipality became a part of the metropolitan area [1].
Copenhagen metropolitan area now consists of 28 of the 29 municipalities of the Capital Region (all except Bornholm) and the municipalities of Greve, Køge, Lejre, Roskilde, Solrød and Stevns from the Region Zealand.
By this definition, the metropolitan area has a population of 1,930,260 (1 October 2011) and an area of 3030 km² over 34 municipalities with a density of 637/km² (1,649.8/sq mi).[2]
[edit] The Capital Region of Denmark
The administrative entity responsible for the Capital Region of Denmark defines their administrative area as the metropolitan area of Copenhagen.[3] As such the population is 1,713,624 (1 October 2011) on an area of 2,561 km² with a density of 669.1/km² (1,733/sq mi).[4] It should however be noted that the Capital Region does not contain all of the Roskilde and Køge Bay fingers as well as all of the urban area which stretches into Region Zealand. Furthermore it does contain the remote island of Bornholm.
[edit] The Øresund Region
While actually a combined metropolitan area, rather than a metropolitian area, the Øresund Region is by some considered to constitute the metropolitan area of Copenhagen.[5] This goes back to the Initiativgruppen (a group tasked for developing the Copenhagen area in 1989[6]), who was tasked with creating the metropole of the north.[7] As of 1 October 2011 the Øresund Region is populated by 3,783,158 inhabitants with a density of 181.3/km² (469.5/sq mi) (Danish side: 2,531,945, Swedish side: 1,251,213). According to OECD, however, this region includes vast areas which are not recognized as part of the functional metropolitan area. [8]
[edit] Copenhagen-Malmö metropolitan area
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark considers Copenhagen and Malmö to constitute a combined metropolitan area within the Øresund Region. As of 1 October 2011 the Copenhagen-Malmö metropolitan area had a population of 2,591,995 inhabitants on an area of 5565.76 km² with a density of 465.7/km² (1,206.2/sq mi).[9][10]
[edit] OECD
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) defines the Copenhagen metropolitan area with a population of 2,390,000 inhabitants with a density of 258.5/km² (669.5/sq mi) as of 2009. According to OECD the Finger Plan doesn't include the entire functional/economic metropolitan area of Copenhagen. [11]
[edit] Other definitions
The local TV stations TV2/Lorry, Kanal København and Hovedstads-TV, each also defines the Copenhagen metropolitan area as the area they, respectively, cover.[citation needed]
[edit] See also
- Urban area of Copenhagen
- List of metropolitan areas in Sweden
- Largest metropolitan areas in the Nordic countries
- List of European city regions
[edit] References
- ^ 1.4.2. Hovedstadsudligningen
- ^ Map of the Capital Municipalities
- ^ "Vækstforum, Region Hovedstaden" (in Danish) (PDF). 2007-07-17. http://www.regionh.dk/NR/rdonlyres/C5CDA909-BF1E-4DB7-8C91-66DFA97CB6F5/0/dagsorden190107.pdf. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
- ^ FOLK1 Folketal pr. d. 1. i kvartalet efter kommune/region, køn, alder, civilstand, herkomst, oprindelsesland og statsborgerskab (2008M01-2011M10)
- ^ [http://www.citymayors.com/economics/oeresund-region.html "City Mayors: Danish and Swedish regions gave up power to create bi-national metropolis"]. City Mayors. Archived from the original on 2012-01-26. http://www.citymayors.com/economics/oeresund-region.html. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ "Øresundstid" (in Danish). http://www.oresundstid.dk/arkiv/arkivalt.aspx?id=1136&tekst=Temaer&standard=J. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
- ^ Kresl, Peter Karl (2007). Planning cities for the future. Edward Elgard Publishing. pp. 101. ISBN 978-1845425302.
- ^ "OECD: Territorial Review Copenhagen, 2009, p. 34". Københavns Kommune. Archived from the original on 2012-01-19. http://www.kk.dk/FaktaOmKommunen/Internationalt/~/media/FD4632CE69FE4809B8AC103890E72FA7.ashx.
- ^ "Why Denmark? The best place to do business". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. Archived from the original on 2012-01-27. http://www.investindk.com/~/media/Files/Sheets/Framework%20conditions/Why%20Denmark.ashx.
- ^ "Espaces transfrontaliers: Cross-border conurbations". Espaces transfrontaliers. Archived from the original on 2012-01-26. http://www.espaces-transfrontaliers.org/en/themes/theme_conurbations.html. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ^ "OECD: Territorial Review Copenhagen, 2009, p. 34". Københavns Kommune. Archived from the original on 2012-01-19. http://www.kk.dk/FaktaOmKommunen/Internationalt/~/media/FD4632CE69FE4809B8AC103890E72FA7.ashx.
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